The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 5, July 1901 - April, 1902 Page: 65

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lation effected, a land board was created, through which such lands
were to be sold and leased, in conformity to the scheme contained
in the act (Acts 1883, p. 85). This was on April 13. On the
next day two very important land laws were approved. The first
provided for disposition of minerals in the public and school lands
(Acts 1883, p. 100), and the second was known as the Land Fraud
Act (Acts 1883, p. 106). Prior to act of April 13, 1883, the doc-
trine of "free grass" had obtained. No leasing of public lands had
ever been authorized, but these lands were used by all persons for
grazing purposes. That act provided for acquiring exclusive rights
in such land, and authorized its enclosure. The natural conse-
quence of this change is indicated in the necessity for a called ses-
sion early in 1884 for legislation respecting conditions in the West,
and the enactment by it of laws: first, making fence cutting a
felony (Acts 1884, p. 34); second, imposing severe penalties for
enclosing lands without lawful authority (Acts 1884, p. 37) ; and,
third, regulating the extent to which fences could be maintained
without gates or passways through them (Acts 1884, p. 37).
It was during this period that the University was established
and put into actual operation (Acts 1881, p. 79).
Many changes, in the main for the better, were made in the
public school system at this time, and a great many other interest-
ing and important statutes are contained in this volume, but these
suffice to show its great usefulness and value from the historical
standpoint especially.
JoHN C. TOWNEs.

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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 5, July 1901 - April, 1902, periodical, 1902; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101021/m1/71/ocr/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.

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