The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912 Page: 109
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Revolt of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico in 1680 109
fell upon the settlers and missionaries of the valley, numbering
seventy or more persons in all,' and, in the general slaughter that
followed, only two escaped. These were the sarjentos mayores
Sebastian de Herrera and Don Fernando de Chavez, who, leaving
their wives and children dead in the pueblo, by fighting and de-
fending themselves as best they could, finally made their way
through the devastated districts, and, on the seventh day after the
general convocation, came in sight of the villa, which was then
being besieged by a large force of the allied nations.2 Being un-
able to enter, they continued on their way south, and on the 20th
of the month joined Garca'ds division of refugees below Isleta.3
At Picuris there was the same general slaughter of Spaniards and
missionaries, there being no record in my sources of any that
escaped from there, nor, in fact, of the number that were living
there at that time. In both Taos and Picuris the churches were
either burned or profaned, the fields and houses of the Spaniards
plundered, and many other devastations committed by the Indians."
Meanwhile the Taos and Picuris Indians, having meted out
vengeance on the Spaniards in their midst, and having laid waste
their fields and other property, joined the Tewa Indians and
moved on to Santa FP, which was already under siege by the
Pecos and Tanos Indians. They reached it just in time to fur-
nish much needed reinforcements for the allies.5
2. The Revolt of the Tewa Nation
(1) Location, Population, and Revolutionary Activities of the
Tewa Pueblos.-Extending north and northwest from the villa of
Santa F6 to the junction of Rio Grande and Rio Chama, forming
a kind of rough oval, though with no well defined boundaries, was,
1Auttos tocantes, 22-23. The documentary matter found in Auttos
tocantes, folios 17-29, consists of miscellaneous papers drawn up by the
lieutenant-governor, Alonso Garcia, and his subordinate officers in Rio
Abajo, following the outbreak of the revolt there. All this matter, aggre-
gating thirteen folios, was incorporated with the Autos and other official
records of Otermin. None of the Garcia documents, however, have cap-
tions or marginal titles; it has, therefore, not been practical to cite them
by title, but reference is made to them by their folio numbers.
2Auto of Garcfa, in Auttos tocantes, 21-22.
"Ibid.
4"Autto (de Otermin) : Salieron el dia 22," in Auttos tocantes, 7-8.
'"Auto y diligencia (de Otermfn)," in Auttos tocantes, 5-7.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912, periodical, 1912; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101056/m1/114/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.