The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912 Page: 42
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42 Texas Historical Association Quarterly
that river, he loaded two mules which he sent back to their people
with a Spanish interpreter named Nicolas Santos.'
On the same day, July 9, the march was resumed and the Trin-
ity2 reached. Sixteen days were spent before the crossing was
effected. This was finally done by means of a canoe which the
missionaries had built on their retreat from eastern Texas in 1719.
On the 25th Aguayo was met by the cazique of the Aynay3 tribe,
recognized as head of the Assinais nations, and at whose "village
the mission of La Purisima Concepci6n was founded in 1716."'
He was accompanied by eight of the chief Indians and four
women, among whom was one Angelina,5 who had been raised on
'Peia, Derrotero, 14.
2The name Trinity dates back to 1690, when it was applied to this same
river by De Le6n (Diario, entry for May 19). In 1691, Massanet kept
the name (Diario, entry for July 31), but Terfn, though he said he knew
it was called the Trinity, renamed it the Encarnaci6n del Verbo (Demar-
caci6n, entry for August 1). In 1716, Espinosa named it the San Juan
Bautista (Diairio, entry for June 23). Ram6n says that they now came to
another river which the Indians told him was the Trinity; so he supposed
that this one and the one that he had called the Trinity just before (the
Brazos) joined far to the south and that De Le6n had crossed them after
their junction (Derrotero, entry for June 23). The later diaries retain
the name Trinity consistently. See Rivera, Diario, entry for September 3,
1727; La Fora, Diario, entry for September; and Solis, Diario, entry for
April 28, 1767. There are reasons for believing that not only the Aguayo
route, but earlier and later ones, as well, crossed the Trinity, not at Ran-
dolph's Ferry, as has been supposed, because the old San Antonio road
crossed it there, but above, at the next bend in the river, directly east of
Centerville. Not only the distance and direction from the crossing of the
Navasota to that of the Trinity indicate this, but especially the distance
and the direction followed after crossing the latter river to reach the site
of the first mission of San Francisco, which is now well established
(Bolton, "The Native Tribes about the East Texas Missions," in THE
QUARTERLY, XI, 263).
'The Memnorias copy of the Derrotero, 23, says he was met by the
cazique of the Adayes tribe. As will be seen later, he did not meet the
latter until he sent for him, after the expedition reached los Adaes (Der-
rotero, 20).
4Bolton, "The Native Tribes about the East Texas Missions," in THE
QUARTERLY, XI, 259.
"This Indian woman, Angelina, seems to have been a fairly well known
character in early east Texas history, and it is to her that the Angelina
River most probably owes its name. She lived among the Assinais tribe
on the banks of that river, and mention is made of her in Spanish and
French sources. In 1712, St. Denis's companions found among that tribe
a woman named "Angelique," who had been baptized by Spanish priests
"that had had a mission in their [the Assinai] village," and who spoke
both Spanish and TCxas (Margry, V, 500). In 1720, Belle-Isle deserted
off the coast of Texas, and in trying to find his way to Louisiana was
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912, periodical, 1912; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101056/m1/47/?rotate=90: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.