The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 17, July 1913 - April, 1914 Page: 330
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The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
of Rancheria Grande there had been added to this tribe (1) the
remains of numerous broken-down bands from near and even
beyond the Rio Grande who had fled eastward and joined the
Hierbipiame for defence against the Apache and to escape pun-
ishment for injuries done the Spaniards of the interior, and (2)
many apostate Indians from the missions at San Antonio and on
the Rio Grande. Because of the prominence of the Hierbipiame
in that group, it was sometimes called "Rancheria Grande de los
Hierbipiames.""8
Rancheria Grande was mentioned as early as 1707, when Diego
Ram6n, commander at San Juan Bautista, set out to punish it
for disturbances at the missions on the Rio Grande." It was then
said to be near the Colorado River, at that day called the San
Marcos. Again, in 1714 Ram6n secured from it apostates who
had fled from the San Juan Bautista mission.20 In 1716 the
Ram6n expedition passed through it north of Little River and
two or three leagues west of the Brazos, apparently near modern
Cameron.21 According to Ram6n it then contained more than
two thousand souls.22 In 1721 a chief of the Rancheria Grande,
called Juan Rodriguez, was found by the Marquis de Aguayo at
San Antonio, with a band of his people, asking for a mission.
The Marquis took him as a guide as far as the Trinity River,
where he found the major portion of his people mingling with
the Bidais and Agdocas (Deadoses). Aguayo ordered the people
of Rancheria Grande to retire across the Brazos, "where they were
accustomed to live," proinising to establish a mission for them
near San Antonio on his return thither. True to his promise, in
1722 he founded for Juan Rodriguez and his band the mission of
San Xavier de Nixera, on the outskirts of San Antonio, where
the mission of Concepci6n now stands.23 It endured, with little
success, till 1726, when it was merged with that of San Antonio de
Valero.24
1Communication of Father Paredes, July 12, 1729. K, leg. 19, doc. 19,
Archive of the College of Santa Cruz.
1Diary, 1707.
"OIbid.
2Diaries of Espinosa and Ram6n, 1716 (MSS.).
"2RamOn, diary of 1716.
2Pefia, Derrotero de la Empedici6n.
24See Bolton, "Spanish Mission Records at San Antonio," in THE QUAR-
TERLY, X, 298-300.330
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 17, July 1913 - April, 1914, periodical, 1914; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101061/m1/336/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.