The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 42, July 1938 - April, 1939 Page: 330
446 p. : ill., maps ; 23 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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Southwestern Historical- Quarterly
the Anandaco's, situated in an extensive rich valley on the right
bank of the Brasos and opposite to the Ioni Village.'
At this village we came to the first post oak which was in great
luxuriance; above this we had passed nothing but meskeet and
stunted elm, interspersed occasionally with pecan, and a species
of the Acacia. Continuing to descend through gorges still more
rugged than any we had heretofore passed, we came to the Palo
Pinto (nine miles from the village) a bold and rugged stream,
with a rocky shingly (?) bed, on the immediate western border
of which stream, were beautiful vallies about half a mile in
widths--thence five miles through sand rock and high dry sand
hills until we crossed another stream; thence forty-two miles,
descending over a high rolling country, parts of which were well
timbered with post oak, & part prairie, with some rough declivities,
we passed Comanche Peak on our right and joined our former
trail, crossing the Brasos at the trading house.
During this excursion I visited four out of six of the Indian
Villages located upon the Brasos within the section of country
over which I passed: to-wit, the Ioni, Keechi, Caddo & Anandaco.
Two other tribes, the Waco & Tawaconis, who have their villages
upon the Brasos about six miles beyond the Keechi village are
connected with these tribes and have the same general character,
but being beyond the limit which I had prescribed for myself, I
did not visit them.9 These six tribes are united in two separate
bands, and each band is governed by a head chief, each tribe
having its own particular chief who is subordinate to the head
chief of the band. Thus, Jos6 Maria is chief of his own par-
ticular tribe, the Anandaco's, Towysh (?) of the Ioni tribe, &
Haddebar of the Caddo tribe, and these three tribes are united
under Jose Maria as head chief. So also Acaquash is the chief of
his own particular tribe, the Waco's, Chacheruck of the Keechi
tribe, and Ocherash of the Tawaconis tribe and these three again
7The site of this village was near the present village of Lone Camp.
8Palo Pinto is the Spanish name for the Spanish or Spotted Oak which
grows along the stream in great abundance and the foliage of which in
the autumn is brilliant and beautiful. The county, created in 1856, took
its name from the stream. The stream appeared on Arrowsmith's map as
Palo Pinto River, and I believe, also on Stephen F. Austin's map.
9The Waco Village was in the extreme southeast corner of what is now
Young County and in a bend on the north side of the Brazos, which is
still known as "Waco Bend."380
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 42, July 1938 - April, 1939, periodical, 1939; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101107/m1/358/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.