Texas Almanac, 1947-1948 Page: 180
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180 TEXAS ALMANAC -1947-1948
Trinity where it flows through the Dallas
corporate limits. The present all-purpose pro-
gram grew out of the older project for navi-
gation of the Trinity from the Gulf to Fort
Worth and Dallas.
San Jacinto.-Rses in Walker County and
flows 109 miles to San Jacinto Bay. Chief
tributary, Buffalo Bayou. Houston Ship Chan-
nel along lower parts of bayou and San Ja-
cinto River. *Basin, 2,880 sq. mi. A meander-
ing coastal stream in a region of 45 inches
rainfall. (See pp. 552-553 for volume of flow.)
tWater appropriations of 280,120 acre-feet to
five appropriators. Water utilization at pres-
ent Is largely by the Pelly industrial district.
Plans are complete for construction of a
large reservoir in the northern part of Harris
County to furnish greater water supply to
Houston. Galveston and Texas City. Basin
covered by jurisdiction of San Jacinto River
Conservation and Reclamation District. (See
p. 329 for officials.)
Brazos.-Rlses in "draws" which head just
west of New Mexico-Texas state line and
flows 840 miles to Gulf. Principal tributaries.
Double Mountain Fork (considered main
channel in upper reaches), Salt Fork, Clear
Fork, Paluxy, Bosque-Leon-Little, Lampasas,
Navasota and Yegua. While the extreme head-
waters are in New Mexico this stream for
practical purposes is exclusively in Texas, the
largest of the Texas rivers, and having all
the varied characteristics of a trans-state
stream from the plains "draw" drainage,
through the gorges at the Cap Rock breaks,
the West Texas rolling plains, the Grand
Prairie hill region and the meandering course
through the coastal plains. Rainfall from 18
inches at the headwaters to 45 along lower
channel. (See pp. 552-553 for flow of Brazos
and tributaries.) *Basin, 41,700 sq. ml. tWater
appropriations, 2,286,078 acre-feet, including
272,099 for irrigation, 509,604 for municipal-
industrial and 1,504,375 for power. Existing
projects include Lake Possum Kingdom on
Brazos in Palo Pinto-Young Counties, 750,000
acre-feet; Lake Cisco on Sandy Creek in East-
land County, 45,000 acre-feet; Lake Brelsford
on Leon in Eastland, 4,900 acre-feet; lakes
on Clear Fork and Dry California Creek in
Jones, 2,295 and 1,950 acre-feet; Lake Waco
on Bosque in McLennan, 39.000 acre-feet;
Lakes Sweetwater and Trammel on Bitter and
Sweetwater Creeks in Nolan, 10,000 and 3.183
acre-feet; Lake Strawn on Russels Creek in
Palo Pinto, 1,200 acre-feet; Lake Abilene on
Elm Creek, Lake Kirby on Cedar Creek and
Lake Lytle on Lytle Creek, in Taylor, 45,000,
8,500 and 6,500 acre-feet, respectively; Lake
Fort Phantom Hill on Big Elm Creek in
Taylor-Jones, 73,960 acre-feet; Lake Graham
on Young Creek. Young, 4,503 acre-feet. Larg-
est reservoir is Possum Kingdom with power
plant, and built for flood control and all other
statutory purposes. The Brazos basin pro-
gram is sponsored by the Brazos River Con-
servation District with a large number of
tentative projects. Construction on the big
Whitney Dam on the Brazos on the Hill-
Bosque County line was under way during
1946. Other tentative projects are reservoirs
at Inspiration Point in Palo Pinto, De Cor-
dova Bend in Hood and Bee Mountain on the
Johnson-Bosque line. The U.S. Army Engi-
neers have also recommended a reservoir on
the Leon near Belton.
Colorado.-Rises along Texas-New Mexico
line and flows a little more than 600 miles to
Gulf, and, like the Brazos, has the varying
characteristics of a trans-state stream. An-
nual rainfall varies from 15 inches annually
at head to 40 at mouth. 'Basin, 37,800 square
miles. Principal tributaries are Beals Creek,
Concho River, Pecan Bayou, San Saba River,
Pedernales River. (See pp. 552-553 for flow
of Colorado and tributaries.) tWater appro-
priations total 10,408,753 to 457 appropriators;
and permits for impounding 4,394,254 acre-
feet. Principal existing reservoirs are LakeTravis (impounded by Marshall Ford or
Mansfield Dam) on Colorado in Travis Coun-
ty, 1,963,000 acre-feet; Lake Buchanan, on
Colorado in Burnet-Llano, 992,475 acre-feet;
Inks Lake on Colorado in Burnet-Llano, 16.-
200 acre-feet, Lake Austin on Colorado in
Travis, 21,500 acre-feet, Lake Nasworthy on
Concho in Tom Green, 10,500 acre-feet; Lake
Brownwood on Pecan Bayou in Brown, 141,800
acre-feet, Lake Scarborough on Indian Creek
in Coleman, 2,000 acre-feet; Lake on Elm
Creek in Runnels, 2,000 acre-feet. Under con-
struction in early part of 1947 was a large
reservoir by the U.S. Army Engineers on
Hord's Creek in Coleman County. Plans of
Army Engineers also call for raising level of
Lake Brownwood, construction of large reser-
voirs on North Concho in Tom Green County
and on Colorado near Robert Lee in Coke.
Three districts are organized along the Colo-
rado, the Lower Colorado River Authority
along the middle and lower river course,
the Central Colorado River Authority In Cole-
man County and the Upper Colorado River
Authority in Upper Colorado and Concho ba-
sins. The four largest projects-Lakes Travis,
Buchanan, Inks and Austin are under control
of the Lower Colorado River Authority which
operates an extensive hydroelectric generat-
ing and distribution system from the Buch-
anan and Marshall Ford (Mansfield) Dams.
(See p. 326 for officials of Colorado River
authorities.)
Lavaca.-A coastal stream rising in Fay-
ette County and flowing 77 miles into Lavaca
Bay. *Basin, 2,280 sq. mi. tWater appropria-
tions, 9,056 acre-feet for rice irrigation. No
large impounding projects.
Guadalupe.-Rises in Kerr County and
flows 255 miles into San Antonio Bay. *Basin,
5,850 sq. mi. It draws much of its flow from
the springs of the Edwards limestone in its
upper course and has a steadier flow than
most Texas rivers. Tributaries are the
Blanco, Comal, San Marcos, which are also
spring-fed streams. (See pp. 552-553 for flow
of Guadalupe and tributaries.) Because of the
steady flow dams for maintaining head with-
out large storage reserve are practicable for
power generation and there are three such
lakes in Gonzales County and two in Guada-
lupe County with capacity of 1,100 to 12,500
acre-feet each. tWater appropriations total
976,532 to 121 appropriators, with permits for
198,246 acre-feet storage. Tentative is the
Canyon Dam on the Guadalupe above New
Braunfels, which is to be constructed by the
U.S. Army Engineers primarily for flood con-
trol and power. There are two conservation
organizations, the Guadalupe-Blanco River
Authority along the middle and lower courses
and the Upper Guadalupe River Authority on
the upper reaches. (See p. 326 for officials.)
San Antonio.-Rises in springs in City of
San Antonio and flows 180 miles to San An-
tonio Bay. *Basin, 4,535 sq. mi. Because of
the spring flow Its volume is steadier than
most Texas rivers. (See pp. 552-553 for flow.)
Principal tributaries are Medina River and
Cibolo Creek, both spring-fed, tWater appro-
priations, 346,133 acre-feet to sixty-eight ap-
propriators; permits for 302,000 acre-feet of
impounded waters to five appropriators.
Principal existing project is Medina Lake,
254,000 acre-feet, on Medina River on Medina-
Kerr line, for irrigation of a large area.
Unique among Texas impounding projects is
Los Olmos Dam on a San Antonio River trib-
utary in San Antonio, constructedy entirely
for flood control. Principal organization is the
San Antonio River Canal and Conservancy
District.
Nueces.-Rises In Edwards County; flows
315 miles to Corpus Christi Bay, Frio princi-
"Area In Texas drained by main stream and
tributaries.
tGrants by the Texas State Board of Water
Engineers. (See p. 329 for membership.)
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Texas Almanac, 1947-1948, book, 1947; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117136/m1/182/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.