Texas Almanac, 1939-1940 Page: 434
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434 THE TEXAS ALMANAC.-1939.
annual Frontier's Day celebration on July 4.
Other towns include Fowlerton (600) in the
eastern part; Encinal (800) in the southwest,
and Millet (300) in the northern part.
*LAVACA.-On lower coastal plains, cre-
ated and organized in 1846 from Victoria,
Colorado, Gonzales and Jackson Counties,
named for Lavaca River.
Area (sq.mi.) 950 No. farms. 4,236
Pop......... . 27,550 Crop land (a) 158,604
Pop. sq. mi.. 29 Mfr. val... $1,188,674
Taxval...... $12,907,560 Retail S .. $4,417,000
Tot. val...... $38,722,680 Auto reg . 6,332
Income ..... $8,318,000 Inc. tax ret 325
In a productive livestock and farming area,
Lavaca has a gently rolling or undulating sur-
face, with the extreme southern portion al-
most level. Altitude 200 feet; rainfall 34.16
inches; mean annual temperature 69.9 de-
grees.
Resource: Black coastal clay, loam and
sandy loam soils prevail, and timber, most of
which is in the southern part and along
streams, includes mesquite, postoak, live oak,
hackberry, ash, elm, pecan, cottonwood, hick-
ory, sycamore and wild peach. Some building
stone is quarried in the county.
Crops: The county produces 15,000 to 30,000
bales of cotton, 900,000 bushels of corn, hay
and other forage crops and a wide variety of
truck crops and fruits.
Livestock: Lavaca is one of the leading
poultry and egg counties of Texas and also
produces beef cattle, hogs and sheep. Dairy-
ing is on the increase and some dairy prod-
ucts are shipped.
Hallettsville (1,406), county seat, is a retail
center and shipping point, with cotton gins
and cottonseed oil mill.
Yoakum (5,900), on the Lavaca-DeWitt
County line, has poultry dressing plants, two
monument plants, leather tannery and mat-
tress factory. The tannery is the only one of
its kind in Texas, leading producer of hides
in the United States. Shiner (1,372) is a
trading point in the western part, with cotton
gins, compress, cottonseed oil mill, cigar fac-
tory and basket factory. Moulton (800) is a
shipping point in the northwest part, with
chick hatcheries, cottonseed oil mill and
sandstone quarry.
*LEE.--In South Central Texas, created and
organized in 1874 from parts of Burleson,
Bastrop, Fayette, Washington and Milam
Counties, organized in 1883; named for Rob-
ert E. Lee.
Area (sq.mi.) 562 No. farms. 2,301
Pop..... 15,780 Crop land (a) 73,949
Pop. sq. mi... 28 Mfr. val... $47,033
Tax val...... $5,779,674 Retail S .. $1,579,000
Tot. val.... $11,559,348 Auto reg 2,835
Income $3,340,000 Inc. tax ret 30
Lee has a level to rolling surface, partly
timbered and traversed by the YeguaCreek.
Altitude 450 feet; rainfall 40 inches; mean
annual temperature 67.5 degrees.
Resources: Chocolate, sandy loam and
sandy soils prevail. It is well drained, and
has numerous springs and a fair supply of
underground water. Timber includes black-
jack, postoak, pin oak, live oak, elm, mul-
berry, ash and pecan, used for firewood and
fencing purposes. Available minerals are fire
clay, lignite and fuller's earth. Several tests
are being made for oil.
Crops: The county raises 9,000 bales of cot-
ton, 350,000 bushels of corn, small grains,
forage crops, peanuts, pecans, truck crops
and some fruits. Newest developments are
black-eye pea and peanut production. Home
canning is highly developed.
Livestock: Beef cattle, principally Here-fords, hogs and poultry are produced. Dairy-
ing mostly for home consumption.
Giddings (2,100), county seat, is the prin-
cipal retail market and shipping point, in-
dustries including creamery, poultry dressing
plant, cottonseed oil mill and compress. Lex-
ington (519) is a retail and shipping point in
the northern part. Dime Box (500) serves
the northeastern part.
*LEON.-In lower East Texas timber re-
gion, created and organized in 1846 from Rob-
ertson County, named for Capt. Alonzo de
Leon, early Spanish explorer.
Area (sq.mi.) 1,101 No. farms. 3,481
Pop.. 22,100 Crop land (a) 97,951
Pop. sq. mi... 20 Mfr. val..
Tax val...... $6,230,735 Retail S .. $2,234,000
Tot. val...... $15,576,837 Auto reg . 3,386
Income $5,149,000 Inc. tax ret 51
Leon has a level to rolling surface and is
bordered on the east by the Trinity River.
Altitude 375 feet; rainfall 36.32 inches; mean
annual temperature 66 degrees.
Resources: The county is timbered with
pine, postoak, pin oak, white oak, gum, red
oak, live oak, ash, cottonwood and pecan,
with oak, pine and gum produced commer-
cially. The county has a large gas field,
produced 25.530 barrels of oil in 1938 and has
deposits of lignite, clay and iron ore. Loam,
sandy clay and sandy loam soils prevail.
Crops: The county grows around 15,000
bales of cotton, corn, peanuts, hay for for-
age, watermelons and all kinds of vegetalles,
particularly tomatoes and black-eye peas.
This is one of the leading truck-growing coun-
ties in East Texas, and acreage is increas-
ing annually. Considerable land is being ter-
raced.
Livestock: The county produces hogs, beef
cattle, mules and some sheep for market. It
is one of leading hog counties of Texas. Em-
phasis in the county is to improve quality of
livestock and build permanent pastures.
Dairying has shown a fast rise in the last
five years. More than 300 farmers sell chick-
ens on market. Honey is produced for home
use.
The county has several lakes, some of them
owned by clubs, for fishing, bathing and
other rcreational activities. Tourist business
has shown some increase.
Centerville (388), county seat, is a retail
market, lumbering and ginning center in the
central part of the county and the home of
the East Texas Black-Eye Pea Festival.
Oakwood (888) is a cotton shipping point in
the northeastern corner and has several saw-
mills. Normangee (869) is a trading point in
the southwest. Jewett (516), in the north-
west, has three railroad connections. Buffalo
(850) is located in a rich agricultural area in
the northern part, and Marquez (700) is in
the western part.
*LIBERTY.-On the eastern coastal prairies,
created in 1836 and organized inrr 1837 from a
Mexican municipality from which it obtains
its name.
Area (sq.mi.) 1,160 No. farms. 1,789
Pop.. .. 24,500 Crop land (a) 47,704
Pop. sq. mi... 21.1 Mfr. val... ' $480,919
Tax val...... $21,523,020 Retail S .. $5,272,000
Tot. val...... $35,871,700 Auto reg. 5,653.
Income .... $9,824,000 Inc. tax ret 424
A rich oil, farming and livestock area, Lib-
erty has a level to gently rolling surface,
heavily timbered in parts and traversed by
the Trinity River. Altitude 30 to 150 feet;
rainfall 50.18 inches; mean annual tempera-
ture 69.1 degrees.
Resources: Besides large deposits of sand,
t$ See notations on page 386.
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Texas Almanac, 1939-1940, book, 1939; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117163/m1/436/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.