Texas Almanac, 1941-1942 Page: 174
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174 TEXAS ALMANAC.-1941-42.
Irrigated Farms and Acreage, by Counties.-(Continued.)County-
Llano . .
Lubbock ......
McCulloch .....
McLennan .....
Marion ..
Martin
Matagorda ....
Maverick ......
Medina .......
Menard .......
Midland .......
Milam ........
M ills ........
Mitchell .....
Nacogdoches ...
Navarro ......
Nolan ..........
Nueces .........
Oldham ........
Orange
Palo Pinto
Panola .........
Parker .........
Pecos ..........
Polk ...........
Potter ..........Number *Irri-
Farms gated
Irrigated Acres
21 325
.. 67 565
14 56
.. 59 680
1 3
.. 2 10
59 12,215
130 6,283
108 4.190
59 2,465
23 50
3 25
1. 7 254
6 8
30 89
1 2
. 1 7
. 66 3,396
1 50
7 122
. 3 5
. 2 7
6 22
. 193 9,177
2 4
31 196County--
Presidio ..
Randall
Real ..........
Reeves ..
Roberts .......
Robertson .....
Rocky all ..
Runnels ..
Rusk .. ....
San Jacinto ...
San Patricio ..
San Saba .....
Schleicher .....
Shackelford ...
Shelby ........
Smith .........
Stephens ......
Sterling .......
Sutton ..
Swisher .......
Tarrant .......
Taylor ........
Terrell ... ....
Terry .. .....
Throckmorton
Titus ... ....Number *Irri-
Farms gated
Irrigated.Acres.
460 6,248
.. 3 44
37 267
269 9,463
.. 1 1
1 25
1 1
31 605
3 7
5 27
1 20
101 3,818
3 96
.. 1 1
7 29
38 169
13 192
11 265
1 34
8 246
44 340
26 143
3 249
3 11
1 25
2 4Number *Irrl-
Farms gated
County- Irrigated. Acres.
Tom Green ...... 317 7,892
Travis .......... 45 641
Tyler ........... 9 35
Upshur .......... 22 60
Upton ........... 2 8
Uvalde .......... 35 1,935
Val Verde ....... 51 1,053
Van Zandt ...... 32 144
Victoria ......... 3 5
Walker .......... 1 1
Waller .......... 10 1,082
Ward .......... 174 8,413
Webb ........... 52 6,897
Wharton ........ 104 2u,845
Wheeler ......... 5 44
Wichita ........ 685 23,486
Wilbarger ....... 5 82
Willacy ........ 1 20
Williamson ...... 7 37
Wilson . ...... 9 130
Wood ......... 5 22
Young .......... 7 24
Zapata ......... 8 1.106
Zavala . 86 19,616
*Irrigated land from which
crops were harvested in 1934TEXAS DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS.
There are approximately sixty-five levee
districts in Texas, containing about 350,000
acres, and representing an investment of
about $17,000,000. Most of these districts are
on the Trinity and Sulphur Rivers, though
there are a few on the Brazos and other
rivers and creeks. Low agricultural prices in
recent years and reduced farm income have
brought financial difficulties to many of these
districtsMost of the drainage districts lie along the
Gulf Coast where heavy soils and flat terrain
combine with a heavy annual rainfall to make
the matter of adequate drainage one of im-
portance to crop production. Almost 3,000.000
acres are included in these districts number-
ing about eighty, and approximately $10,000,-
000 has been invested. These districts are
found along the coast from the Lower Rio
Grande Valley to the Sabine.SOIL RESOURCES-CONSERVATION.
Soil surveys covering 60 or more per
cent of Texas have established that there
are 130 or more series of soils including
more than 500 soil types. "The soils of
this state," writes Dr. W. T. Carter* of
the Agricultural and Mechanical College
of Texas, "range through every textural
class and are of many colors and combi-
nations of colors, and the structural
characteristics are numerous and varied.
Tlhe productive capacities and crop
adaptations of the soils vary greatly."
He states further, "Many of them, found
in no other part of the United States,
are of widely differing characteristics
and features and extend through a wide
range of productiveness and suitability
for crops .... The soils of the state differ
in characteristics according to the char-
acter of the parent-materials, climate
and other environmental factors. Soil-
developing processes differ in the various
regions; accordingly, great regional soil
differences exist, as well as local differ-
ences."
Dr. Carter says that the soils of Texas
are divided into two great groups, differ-
ence being due primarily to difference in
climatic factors. Texas is divided into
approximately two equal parts by the
line of division which is part of the line
of division between the two great soil
groups extending north and south en-
tirely across the United States. The line
*The Soils of Texas, by W. T. Carter. Texas
Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural and
Mechanical College of Texasleaves the Gulf Coast near San Antonio
Bay running northwest to the vicinity
of Fredericksburg, thence northward
through the vicinities of Abilene and
Wichita Falls, and thence northward
through Central Oklahoma, East Central
Kansas, Southeast Nebraska, Northwest
Iowa and West Minnesota.
"The soil group of the eastern or hu-
mid region," writes Dr. Carter, "includes
soils in whose maturely developed pro-
files no larger amounts of carbonates of
lime occur than in the parent-material
beneath them. In these soils a shifting
or accumulation of sesquioxides has also
taken place. The soil group of the west-
ern or subhumid region and other low
rainfall areas includes soils wherein some
horizon of the fully developed soil pro-
file contains a greater amount of car-
bonate of lime than is present in the
parent geological material beneath."
Establishment of the two groups is at-
tributed by Dr. Carter to Dr. C. F.
Marbut.
Principal Soils and Soil Belts
of Texas.
The soil belts of Texas follow generally the
pattern of physiographic and geologic Texas.
The brief descriptions of Texas soils given
below, with notations as to productivity and
adaptability to cultivation are from "The
Soils of Texas," by Dr. W. T. Carter, Texas
Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural
and Mechanical College of Texas. Classifica-
tion below is according to the larger physio-
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Texas Almanac, 1941-1942, book, 1941; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117164/m1/176/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.