The 1928 Texas Almanac and State Industrial Guide Page: 136
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136 THE TEXAS ALMANAC.
FISH HATCHERIES.
There are four State and one Federal
*fish hatcheries in Texas. The Federal
hatchery is located at San Marcos. An-
other Federal hatchery will be located at
Lake Worth, Fort Worth. The State fish
hatcheries are the Bill Sterett hatchery at
Dallas, the "Heart o' the Hills" hatchery
at Kerrville, the Izaak Walton hatchery
at Tyler and the Cisco hatchery at Cisco.
GAME PRESERVES OF TEXAS.
There are no extensive State or Federal owned
game preserves in Texas. Texas public domain was
retained by Texas by treaty agreement when Texas
was annexed to the Union, and utilized primarily
for encouraging railroad building through grants,
and for establishing permanent funds for public
schools and higher educational and eleemosynary in-
stitutions. The only manner in which State or
Federal owned preserves could be established would
be by purchase of land tracts from private owners.
However, under the laws of the State a number of
State-protected game preserves have been estab-
lished on privately owned lands during the last
three years. Thee are listed below, together with
numbers as designated by the Game, Fish and
Oyster Commission of Texas, location (county),
number of acres In each, and name of owner where
owned by one person or company
No , County and Owner- No. acres
1. Taylor; four tracts.................... 26,800
2. Harris, Fort Bend; Blakeley. ......... 11,216
3. Wilbarger: Waggoner 7..............70.400
4 Baylor; Waggoner ...... . .. ........ 70,000
5. Knox, Foard; Waggoner................. 31.000
6 Val Verde, Hudspeth.... ... ........ 31,259
7 Schleicher, Menard, three tracts........ 69 470
8. Zavalla; Pryor ............. ........ 67,300
9 Canceled.
10 Coleman, Callahan, Taylor, Morris .... 72,391
11 to 19, Inc. Kleberg, Jim Wells, Brooks,
Jim Hogg. Starr, Kenedy, Willacy,
Hidalgo: King ......................
20. Uvalde; Florea, Upson................... 22.500
21. Parker; twenty-seven tracts. .......... 5,821
22 McCulloch. five tracts.... ........... 20,000
23. Angelina, Conn, Southern Pine Lumber
Company ............................ 26.652
24. Haskell; Ballard ...................... 13,536
25. Eastland, seventeen tracts ........... 15.051
26. Limestone; 102 tracts ... .......... 28,000
27. Houston, Trinity; Southern Pine Lum-
ber Company .................... 20.000
28. Palo Pinto; four tracts ............. 21.814
29. Johnson; nineteen tracts ... . ....... 8.042
30 Fanniln, 155 tracts.................... 16.345
31. Hemphill; four tracts . ............ .... 16.000
32 Trinity; Thompson Lumber Company... 6.207
33 Walker, San Jacinto; three tracts ...... 15,443
34. Burleson; ten tracts.. ................ 9,204
35. McLennan; five tracts................... 5,315
36. Hill: fifteen tracts .................. 7.690
37. McCulloch, Menard, Mason, Martin ..... 18.086
38. Garza: Slaughter ................... 65.000
39. Randall: six tracts.................... 81.465
40. Shackelford, Haskell: six tracts......... 64.951
41 Jeff Davis, Brewster; nine tracts...... .250,000
42. Knox; Hamilton ..................... 19.200
43. Hudspeth: six tracts...................103,000
44. Pecos, Terrell; two tracts. .............276.562
45. McLennan, Limestone; Kirklands........ 6,400
46. Sutton; Evans .......................... 46,601
47. Knox, King; Patton & Masterson ........ 120,000
48. Gray, Carson, Hutchinson. Roberts;
Price.....................................
49. Brewster; Hudspeth .... ............... 15,000
50. Floyd, Motley; Lewis, Echols............ 21.000
51. Hill; Burleson ...................... 6,675
52. Presidio; J. R.. G. W. and T. D. Love.. 61.280
53. Hudspeth; W. Pyle Cattle Company.... 28,296
54. Culberson; W. Pyle Cattle Company.....100,531
55. Brewster; A. T. Emison............... 6251
56. Presidio: W. H. Cleveland.............. 37,411
57. Val Verde; W. E. Whitehead............ 61,400
58. Val Verde; Roger Gillis .............. 23,086BIRDS OF TEXAS.
More than 600 kinds of birds, local and
migratory, are found in Texas, according
to authorities. More than 300 are listed
by George Finley Simmons in his book,
"Bird Life in the Austin Region."
Practically all species of the wild duck,
with the exception of the Labrador kinds,
either migrate through Texas seasonally,
or else winter in this State. The principal
wintering area is along the Gulf Coast,
but ducks are found throughout the win-
ter around the numerous lakes of the
wooded portions of East Texas. Geese,
brant and grouse also migrate through
Texas seasonally, and large numbers win-
ter within the State.
Ducks and Geese.
Among the species of ducks that com-
monly winter in Texas are the canvas-
back, redhead, pintail, mallard, gadwall,
green-wing and blue-wing teal, baldpate
and wood duck. The white-front, snow
and Canada geese also commonly winter
in Texas. Geese and ducks enter the
State from the north with the first
"northers" of the autumn, settling around
the lakes, and advance southward as the
season grows colder, some of them flying
on to the countries to the south, others
staying until spring on the coast and in
East Texas.
The dove is plentiful throughout Texas
during the warm season and there are
some wild pigeons. Quails are found
throughout the State also, especially
where there is cover, and the blue quail
is plentiful in many parts of West Texas.
The wild turkey is found throughout
Southwest Texas, particularly in the vi-
cinity of Kerr, Kimble, Mason, Bandera
and contiguous counties. This bird has
become almost extinct at several times,
but multiplies rapidly under well en-
forced protective laws. Another valuable
game bird is the prairie chicken, which
is found most commonly in the Pan-
handle and South Plains, but which
ranges as far south as the Edwards Pla-
teau. This bird was almost extinct a few
years ago, but has increased very appre-
ciably under well enforced laws restrict-
ing its slaughter. The chachalaca or
Mexican pheasant is found in Southwest
Texas and along the Rio Grande. The
upland plover, or snipe, formerly very
plentiful in Texas during the autumn and
spring, as it passed through on its sea-
sonal migration between Canada and
South America, has almost disappeared,
due to slaughter in Texas and other
Western States.
SALT AND FRESH WATER FISH.
There is a large commercial production
of fish, oysters and shrimp from the coast
waters of the Gulf of Mexico, and there
is a small annual catch of crabs. The
tarpon is the largest and the commonest
game fish. Other salt water fish are the
drum, sea trout, sand trout, Spanish mack-
erel, kingfish, red and black grouper,
flounder, redfish, bluefish, angelfish,
snapper, pompano, seapike, Jewfish and
sheephead. Constructive work has been
done during the last several years in
study of the' marine life of the Gulf
Coast under direction of the Texas Game,
Fish and Oyster Commission.
In the fresh waters of Texas are found
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The 1928 Texas Almanac and State Industrial Guide, book, 1928~; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth123786/m1/139/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.