Notes on the Newer Remedies: Their Therapeutic Applications and Modes of Administration, Second Edition Page: 109
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H YDRA S TINE.
HYDRASTINE.
One of the alkaloids of the common " golden seal"
(Hydrastis canadensis). This principle has the chemical
composition C21H21NO6.
Physical Properties.-This alkaloid is a white crys-
talline body made up of four-sided rhombic prisms; it
also occurs in an amorphous form.
Solubility.-Hydrastine is soluble in alcohol, ether,
and chloroform, but insoluble in water. The salts, such
as the nitrate, the sulphate, the tartrate, and especially
the hydrochlorate, are all soluble in water.
Physiological Action.-Local Action.-Locally ap-
plied, hydrastine acts as an anesthetic.
Nervous System.-Small doses increase reflex action
by stimulating the spinal cord; large amounts lessen the
same by first stimulating Setschenow's centre and then
by paralyzing the cord. This drug causes convulsions
of spinal origin; it also destroys the excitability of both
motor and sensory nerves.
IMuscular System.-This alkaloid at first slightly in-
creases, but afterward diminishes and finally destroys,
the excitability of the muscular system, including the
cardiac muscle.
Circulation.-It is said that minute doses of hydrastine
increase the arterial pressure, but that larger amounts
decrease the arterial pressure by an action upon both the
heart and the vaso-motor system. This alkaloid in small
quantities increases, but in large doses diminishes, the
pulse-rate, the result of an action on both the heart-
muscle and the cardio-inhibitory centres.
Respiration.-This drug at first increases and after-
ward diminishes the respiratory movements, and finally
kills through failure of the respiration.
Bile.-Hydrastine markedly increases the biliary
secretion.
Pupil.-Locally applied, it causes contraction (due to
irritation) followed by dilatation of the pupil.Iog
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Cerna, David. Notes on the Newer Remedies: Their Therapeutic Applications and Modes of Administration, Second Edition, book, 1894; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth143542/m1/108/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting University of Texas Health Science Center Libraries.