Texas Almanac, 1990-1991 Page: 414
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414 TEXAS ALMANAC 1990-1991
and treatment for children receiving Medicaid, trans-
portation to and from medical services, and hearing
aids for eligible adults. The department also provides
certain dental services, eyeglasses, podiatric services,
home health services, chiropractic services, maternity
clinic services, nurse midwife services, ambulance ser-
vices, family planning and in-home support services.
COSTS/SERVICES
Costs of most programs are shared by the state and
federal governments. Expenditures and services for fis-
cal year 1988 are as follows:
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE: AFDC, $343,117,626; 504,-
625 recipients per month. Food stamp value, $970 mil-
lion; 1,562,551 recipients per month. Commodities
distributed for child nutrition, $76 million; 1.75 million
children per day. Refugee assistance payments (100%
federal funds), $7.4 million; 1,102 clients per month.
Energy assistance payments, $27.8 million; 338,635
households received heating assistance, 190,000
households received cooling assistance. Temporary
emergency relief, $1,180,775; 105,951 clients.
MEDICAL PROGRAMS: Purchased health services,
Health
The following information has been supplied chief
Department of Health.
As our population increases and technological
advances continue, this field of essential services has
greatly expanded in Texas. Houston, Dallas and other
Texas cities are internationally known for their medical
centers. However, many small communities of the state
have no hospital or access to professional medical care.
As our population ages, access to health care becomes a
greater concern for many Texans, as evidenced by the
coverage of health care issues in the Texas media.
Hospitals
Texas hospitals employed 222,581 full-time equiva-
lent people in 1987 at a record payroll of more than $4.75
billion. These employees were reported by the 553 hos-
pitals with 80,914 beds registered with the American
Hospital Association. One of every 11 U.S. hospitals is lo-
cated in Texas.
The average length of stay in the 461 short-term, gen-
eral hospitals was 6.2 days in 1987, compared to 6.8 days
in 1975. The length of stay in Texas community hospitals
Volunteers Fly Mercy Missions
On a dark afternoon in April 1982, the newly formed
AirLifeLine of Texas flew its first mission of mercy. A
killer tornado struck Paris in Northeast Texas, leaving
at least 10 people dead and 200 injured. The volunteer
pilots of AirLifeLine were there just 45 minutes later,
flying in blood and medical supplies.
AirLifeLine of Texas is a state-wide pilots organi-
zation whose volunteers fly medical missions free of
charge. At the request of health care centers, hospitals,
blood and organ banks, government agencies and phy-
sicians, AirLifeLine volunteers donate their time and
aircraft to fly transplant organs and tissues, blood and
blood components, medical supplies, technicians and
indigent patients wherever they need to go in the state.
These activities are free, performed as a public service.
One of AirLifeLine's largest missions is ferrying
blood from Texas A&M University in College Station to
Wadley Central Blood Bank in Dallas during the univer-
sity's annual blood drive. In one of the largest drives in
the nation, student groups at A&M often compete to see
which can donate the most blood. Blood must be proc-
essed within five hours after it is drawn, or only a small
portion can be used. So volunteers from the Dallas/Fort
Worth and Houston AirLifeLine chapters cooperate to
speed the blood from College Station to Dallas.
During the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988,
volunteers donated an estimated $48,000 of flight costs
in connection with the 482 flight hours and 55,000 nauti-
cal miles flown in 164 missions. The actual cash outlay
for the same fiscal year was less than $2,000. Financial
support comes from volunteers' contributions and do-
nations from foundations, trusts and the public at large.
Funds are used only to assist in covering administrative
costs.
AirLifeLine of Texas' first chapter was organized in
February 1982 in the Dallas-Fort Worth area by Keith S.
Perry and Howard S. Merriell Jr. Today there are also
chapters in San Antonio, Houston, Lubbock, Midland-
Odessa and El Paso, with a state-wide pilot roster of
approximately 150 volunteers.$943,034,903; 890,829 Medicaid eligibles per month. Ven-
dor drugs, $139,605,913; 8,204,282 prescriptions. Medical
transportation, $4,703,769; 590,981 one way trips.
FAMILIES & CHILDREN SERVICES: Protective ser-
vices for families and children, $132,848,856; 65,966 inves-
tigations, 109,616 clients. Family planning services,
$28,661,638; 279,711 clients. Child day care services,
$34,865,492; 13,264 children per day. Early periodic
screening, diagnosis and treatment, $18,166,050; 92,996
medical screenings, 128,950 dental treatments. Family
violence services, $2,624,306; 23,805 residents. Employ-
ment services, $9,156,071; 408,990 employment regis-
trants. Licensing of child care facilities, $9,193,907;
25,609 facilities registered or regulated.
AGED & DISABLED SERVICES: Long-term institu-
tional care, $526,110,336; 55,800 clients per month. Inter-
mediate care for the mentally retarded, $79,158,770;
7,514 state school clients, 4,254 community facility cli-
ents. Community care, $162,523,166; 54,314 clients per
month. Adult protective services, $7,820,170; 18,896
investigations, 5,192 clients per month.
Care
ly by the Texas Hospital Association and the Texas
was one day less than the U.S. average and the average
cost per admission was $3,496, which was 10 percent less
than the U.S. average of $3,850. Admissions to short-
term, general hospitals totaled 2,007,347 or 89 percent of
the total admissions to all Texas hospitals. There were
16,470,585 out-patient visits in 1987, of which 10,446,100 or
63.4 percent were provided by short-term general hospi-
tals. Psychiatric/substance abuse admissions of 49,156
represented a little more than 2 percent of total
admissions in 1987, slightly more than the national aver-
age of 1.8 percent. Of the total 310,707,332 births in U.S.
hospitals in 1987, 296,920 were in Texas hospitals. There
were 46,620 RNs, 18,378 LVNs and 3,945 health care pro-
fessions trainees working in Texas hospitals in 1987.
Allied Health Training
Hospitals are the leading source of allied health edu-
cation in Texas with over 90 percent of all allied health
personnel either completely or partially educated in a
hospital clinical, internship or residency program.
Texas continues to experience a shortage of workers
in health care fields. Student enrollments and the num-
ber of graduates have increased steadily over the past
five years. However, there is still a great demand for
physical therapists, occupational therapists, respirato-
ry therapists, medical records technicians, medical
technologists, radiologic technologists, pharmacists
and registered nurses. In the forseeable future, these
demands will continue, due largely to the population
growth and the expanding requirements for health ser-
vices.
The Texas Health Careers and Health Occupations
Research programs, sponsored by the THA Hospital Ed-
ucation and Research Foundation, P.O. Box 15587, Aus-
tin, Texas 78761, collect information and report on the
supply and demand issues in health care delivery and
provide free information to anyone interested in a ca-
reer in the health field.
Nursing
For nursing professionals, the Texas Organization of
Nurse Executives, Texas Association of Operating
Room Nurses and the Texas Society of Infection Control
Practitioners offer opportunities for continuing educa-
tion and networking with others in the profession.
These societies are affiliated with the Texas Hospital
Association, the principal advocate and leadership
organization for hospitals and health care providers.
The Association helps the industry better serve Texans
through representation, education and services.
Schools of Nursing
There are currently 71 schools of nursing in Texas
accredited by the Board of Nurse Examiners for the
State of Texas. Forty-three offer associate degree pro-
grams, 23 offer baccalaureate degree programs and 3
have hospital diploma programs.
The associate degree programs include: Alvin Junior
College Department of Nursing, Alvin; Amarillo College
Associate Degree Nursing Program, Amarillo; Austin
Community College, Austin; Lee College Associate
Degree Nursing Program, Baytown; Lamar University
Associate Degree Nursing Program, Beaumont; How-
ard County Junior College Associate Degree Nursing
Program, Big Spring; Frank Phillips Junior College As-
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Kingston, Mike. Texas Almanac, 1990-1991, book, 1989; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth162512/m1/416/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.