Texas Almanac, 1996-1997 Page: 40
672 p. : col. ill., maps, ports. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this book.
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Texas Almanac 1996-1997
the East Texas militia in August 1844 and forces the
two sides to sign a treaty of peace.
1840 - Council House fight in San Antonio between
Comanches and Texas government during peace
negotiations.
- Texas Rangers and volunteer army defeat
Comanches at Battle of Plum Creek near Lockhart.
1841 - Santa F6 Expedition, launched without Texas
Congressional authorization by Pres. M.B. Lamar,
attempts to establish trade with and solidify Texas'
claims to territory around Santa F6. Members of group
are taken prisoner, marched to Mexico City and impris-
oned. They are finally released in 1842.
1842 - German immigration to Texas, organized by
German society, the Adelsverein, leads to founding of
New Braunfels, Fredericksburg and other Central
Texas communities.
- Archives War in December consists of Austin's
citizens keeping the state government's official records
from being moved to Houston.
- Unauthorized invasion of Mexico by Texas volun-
teer troops reaches town of Mler, where 176 men are
captured and imprisoned. After an attemted escape,
every tenth one, selected by the drawing of 17 black
beans, is executed.
1845 - Baylor University founded in February.
- United States admits Texas as 28th state on
December 29.
1846 - Battle of Palo Alto near Brownsville on May 8,
is the first major battle of two-year war with Mexico.
- On May 9, Battle of Reaca de la Palma, also
near Brownsville, ends with U.S. victory under Gen.
Zachary Taylor.
1848 - Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the War
with Mexico; the Rio Grande becomes a permanent
international boundary.
1850 - First railroad is chartered by the State of
Texas - the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos and Colorado. It
begins operation in 1853.
- In the Compromise of 1850, Texas gives up its
claim to land that includes more than half of what is
now New Mexico, about a third of Colorado, a comer
of Oklahoma and a small portion of Wyoming in
exchange for the United States' assumtion of $10 mil-
lion in debt; Texas keeps its public lands(see map on
previous page).
1854 - Two reservations are established for Indians in
West-Central Texas: one for Comanches on the Clear
Fork of the Brazos in Throckmorton County; the other
for more sedentary Indian groups, such as Tawakonis,
Wacos and Tonkawas, near Fort Belknap in Young
County.
1856 - First camels arrive in Texas for an experiment
using them for the military in the arid American West.
1857 - Southern route of the Butterfield Overland
Mail crosses Texas on its way between East Coast
and West Coast. Route. Discontinued with the out-
break of the Civil War and never resumed.
1859 - Clashes between Juan "Cheno" Cortina and
Anglo lawmen lead to series of altercations around
Brownsville area. Texas Rangers and federal troops
eventually halt the so-called "Cortina War."1846 - Irish potato famine at its height.
1846-1848 - War with Mexico fought by United
States.
1848 - Seneca Falls, New York, is site of Convention
for Women's Rights.
- Communist Manifesto is produced by Karl
Marx and Friedrich Engels.
- California Gold Rush begins.
1853-1856 - David Livingstone explores Africa.
1854-1856 - Crimean War.
1855 - Mexican government under Benito Juirez
begins period of reform.
1856 - Gold Is discovered in Fraser River basin in
Canada.
1857 - Dred Scott decision by U.S. Supreme Court.
1859 - First commercially productive oil well is
drilled at Titusville, Pa.
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Ramos, Mary G. Texas Almanac, 1996-1997, book, 1995; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth162514/m1/40/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.