Civilian and Gazette. Weekly. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 50, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 5, 1858 Page: 1 of 4
four pages : ill. ; page 19 x 15 in. Digitized from 35 mm. microfilm.View a full description of this newspaper.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
j * *- •
i. r . ¿
—.
s steamer J. Jenkins, Capt.F. Sneers,
t from Trinity with about «00listas
I tbat Cspt. Jame Lawless is
^ loftbeTetts.
We believe that all our citizens join us in wel-
coming back, one so generally esteemed, and whose
r years of experience on onr coast, insures
against its many dangers. We are anxious to see
retained on "all our steamships, old friends and ex.
perienced men; in either point of view whom could
we prefer to him ?
ty The Victoria Advocate administer a spirit-
ed rebuke to the little class-of people, whdfancy
they can stop the press or smutber free discussion,
by discontinuing their subscription to a newsp -per,
whenever It expresses opinions which do ik#i ac
cord with their own. A paper wbfch depends upon
the support of such men would soon die of itself.
The loss of a few subscribers is a very small item
in the business bf any respectable paper"; but
when a man wishes to Show bia spite towards the
publisher he may do so, and at the same time ex-
hibit his own true character, by ordering bis paper
discontinued, and refusing to pay for the time he
has received it. . An editor ought to return his
thank*publicly when such men leave him.
.«• ■
HI ver and. Bay Improvement*.
From the report of Hon. Wm. Fields, State En-
gineer of Texas, it appears that the following list
comprises all the rivers, bays and bayous for tbe
; of which the necessary private sub-
i raised and returned in time, except
you and the Angelina, Neches and San
I Rivera, upon eaoh of whioh, (except the
last «allied,) the Engineer expected, at the date of
bia report, to let contracts within a short time.
Si—r, dkc. Extinto/ Sectiun. Consideration.
Guadalupe, Up to Victoria, $22,950.00
Matagorda, Es-) From Matagorda Bay)
piritu San to and}- to Aransas Bay and to}- 47,500.00
Say and to
_ the Guadalupe river,.
:into",...... Clopper's Bar, 2-3,725.00
., Bar at the mouth,..... 16,12't.fiO
..Dp to Washington,.... 60,000.00
a,. Canal round raft...... 85,000.00
Canal to Wharton,.... 11,240.55
Cypress Bayou,. .Jefferson to State line,. 21.298 00
Oyster Creek, Oaual to Retrieve 8,388 Id
Sabine, 1 Dp to Logansport 81.450.-i5
" Logansport to Bacon's. 20,000 00
Galveston Bay,. Bed Fish Bar, 6,250.00
Gal. & San Luis,.To G. and B. Canal,... 16,875.00
Tbe Beport states that the work on Galveston and
Ban Lnis Bays, was awarded to Messrs D. S. How-
ard & Co., on the 29th ultimo, but no written agree-
nt was entered into because of tbe unserviceable
i of the Galveston and Brazos.Canal. Tbe
had determined not to expend the State
i opening navigation to the Canal, until the
alitself should be sufficiently enlarged and deep-
l to make it available; and .Messrs- Howard <Ss
i unwilling to take the Bad Fish Bar con-
;h the other one leading to" the Canal. The
ling of these contracts was consequently con-
respects both contracting parties. The
any have promised to raise the neces-
s and put their work under contract at
i when the State work will also be commenced
1 through as speedily as possible,
t Contractors generally have progressed with
■rk as fast as could be expected under tbe
ancee ; high water having materially re-
[ some instances, and in others totally stop-
The Engineer anticipates as ad-
i to result from these improvements that,
low water navigation v.jt3'e secured from
iHaíúr la, to"Ywtothe Guada-
datagorda Bay to Aransas Bay ; from
a,(when the Canal shall be sufficiently en-
deepened,) to Columbia, perhaps to
, on tbe Brazos ; from Galveston to the
ation, on Oyster Creék ; from Gal
^Hariisburg and Houston, on Buffalo Ba-
i Liberty on the Trinity ; from tbe State
on, on CypreSs "Bayou, whenever Red
River *&y bo navigable ; and for a considerable
distanoi up the Colorado, Sabine and Neches, the
extent of which he could net then state. And high
water navigation above the points, on moat of the
rivers, wof.d be greatly facilitated and the dangers
lessened by the removal of snags and overhanging
trees and firobs.
" f
Sk ¡
——
GAL1
- lis _
^jWUon,>e
expressed by many of our
at hia recent course. We t!
at the South attributed
ject of Squatter Sove
pressed^or whioh he
friends aftbe South.
In his speech of Dec. 9tb Judge Douglas says the
President has expressed his deep mortification and
disappointment that the constitution itself has not
been submitted to the people of Kansas for their,
acceptance or rejection, that he has unqualifiedly
expressed bis opinions on that subject in his in?
structions to Governor Walker, assuming as a mat-
ter of course, that the constitution Was to be sub-
mitted to the people before it could have any vital-
ity or validity ; and tells us that tbe example set
by Congress in the Minnesota case, by inserting a
clause in the enabling act requiring the constitution,
to be submitted to the people, ought to become a
uniform rule, not to be departed from hereafter in
any case. On these various propositions Judge
Douglas says that he agrees entirely with tbe Pre-
sident, and is "prepared now to sustain that uní
form rule which he asks us to pursue, in all other
cases, by taking the Minnesota provision as our ex
ample," [it will be observed that Judge Douglas
objects that only the slavery question, and not the
lie can now
secuxe his
.. . , ;*|V i P I
The Smithsonian Aqüíkium.—a fine " marine
aquavivariiun," or " aquaiiuio," has been prepar-
ed at the Smithsonian Insitution, where the pub-
wot its curoui contents. It Is said
( French' ztol'MPst, in order to pro-
is on tbe aartae animals of the
provided hlmslf with a water-
s helmet anobr^thing tubes, that
about under the water, and mark
various criatuts pursuing their
one who will v«t tbe Smithson-
enjoy thfe sati opportunities,
ted with the ^-ange animals
without ci v,g to gaze on
tart erected on a
in %ich flourish
without tny aid, or
™ that ia eeessary is,
¡veen the-nimal and
the one sKn exactly
functions of tbe other. Vegeta
mulus of light, produce^nra ox-
¡princirt of an-
let-the Atable
pi rations counterbalan^ each
Smithsonian aquarinnjH aD
om of tbe sea, composedif gji-
) sand and pebbles. In tHeen-
jjKBs or rock, giving shelter and cofeul-
ment to such aninuls as' like concealment, tile
dotted about are graving specimens of Faei anort-
an. In this miniature ocean oave are about tree
hundred specimens of animal vitality, belonging
some thirty eight specie* of fishes, Mollusoa, Cri
tacea, and Poly pen, Some of these burrow in i
sand, or modestly hi<ft among tbe pebbles; othet
and the
The bottom
imitation of tbe
ver and sand,
whole constitution, prepared by the late convention
in Kansás was required 'o be submitted to the peo-
ple.] He says:
"Sir, what would thiB boasted principle of popu-
lar sovereignty have been worth, if it applied only
to the negro, and did not extend to the white man)
Do you think we eould have aroused the sympa-
thies and the patriotism of this broad Republio,
and have carried the presidential election last year
in tbe face of a tremendous opposition, on the prin-
ciple of extending the right of self-government to
the negro question, but denying it as to ail tbe re-
lations affecting wbite men ? No, sir. We aroused
tbe patriotism of the country and carried the elec-
tion in defenoe of that great principle, which al-
lowed all wbite men to form and regulate their do-
mestic institutions to suit themselves—institutions
applicable to wbite men as well as black men—in
stitutions applicable to freemen as well as to slaves
—institutions concerning all the relations of life,
and not the mere paltry exception of tbe slavery
question."
' Tbe manner of voting on tbe Kansas constitution,
prescribed by the convention, is, "Constitution.with
slavery or constitution with no slavery." Mr. Doug-
las objects that no authority is given to vote against
the constitution itself. "All man in favor of the
constitution may vote for it—all men against it shall
not vote at all." Mr. DougtaB ■ asserts that a large
majority of tbe people of Kansas are opposed to tbe
constitution, and would vote it down, if they were
pe'mitted. He says—
"It is no answer to tell me that the constitution
is a good one and unobjectionable. It is not satis-
factory to me to have the President say in bis mes-
sage that that constitution is an admirable one, like
all the constitutions of the new States that have
been recently formed. Whether good or bad,
whether obnoxious Or rot, is none of my bnsiness
and none of yours. It is their business and not
ours. 1 care not what they have in their constitu-
tion, so that it suits them and does not violate the
Constitution of the Dnited States and the fundamen-
tal principles of liberty upon wbicb our institutions
rest."
"Why can we not how do what we proposed to
do in tbe last Congress! We then voted through
tbe Senate an enabling aot, called "the Toombs
bill," believed to be jnat and fair in all its provis-
ions, pronounced to be almost perfect by the Sen-
ator from New Hampshire, (Mr. Hale,) only he did
not like the man, then President of the Dnited
States, wbo would have to make tbe appointments.
Why cau we not take that bill, and, out of compli-
ment to tbe President, add to it a clause taken from
the Minnesota aot, which be thinks should be a gen-
eral rule, requiring the constitution to be submitted
to the people, and pass that? That unites the par-
ty. You all voted, with me, for that bill, at the
last Congress. Why not stand by the same bill
now? Ignore'Lecompton, ignore Topeka, treat
both those party movements as irregular and void ;
pass a fair bill—the one that we framed ourselves
when we were aoting as a nnit; have a fair eleotion,
and yon will-have peace In the Democratic party,
and peace throughout the country, in ninety days.
The people want a fair vote. They will never be
satisfied without it. They never should be satisfied
without it. They never should be satisfied without
a fair vote on tbeir constitution. ^
It tbe Toombs bill does not suit my friends, take
the Minnesota bill of the last session—the one so
much eom mended by the President in his message
as a model. Let us pass that as an enabling act,
and allow the people of all parties to come together
and llave a fair vote, and I will go for it. Frame
any other bill that secures a fair, honest vote to
men of all parties, and carries out the pledge that
the people shall be left free to decida on their do-
mestic institutions for themselves, and I will go
with you with pleasure, and with all the energy I
may possess. But if this constitution is to be forced
down our throats, in violation of the fundamental
principle of free government, under a mode of sub-
mission that is a mockery and insult, 1 will resist it
to tbe last.
ing, Bleeping and working together; and rendering
each other mutual service and attention. I have
never seen a household servant that appeared to have
the least conception of being an inferior to the
white members of tbe family. if white, indeed, he
a proper termof distinction, where the masters are
darkened with Indian- blood, and the slaves are
bleached out with the blood of their masters.
As to tbe task imposed upon tbem, I have ebldom
seeD farm bands who performed through tbe year
one half tbe actual labor which gentlemen farmers
with you would think necessary for exercise and
health- They drag their great ebony hulks around
aB if they, were honorary members of the " Lazy
8ociety," hardly pioking as many oranges, or pre-
paring as much farina in a day as would suffice for
tbeir own consumption. It isa fact that I have
known twelve slaves belonging to Capt. Cathoart,
tbe American Consul at Santa Catharine, to spend
the livelong day in outting a oord of wood, and
bringing it home a distance of an eighth of a mile;
and for this wonderful performance the Capt. would
praise them for being smart boys, and treat them
to a-glass of agua ardiente, to recruit their exhaust-
ed energies I .
The labor of slaves must be necessarily lees se-
vere here than at tbe North, for the Bimple reason
that in a climate where .nature brings forth spon-
taneously, there is not so much work to be perform-
ed. As to thetreatmentof servants, though I have
seen children whipped by tbeir fathers, pupils by
their teachers, and soldiers by their officers, yet it
has never been my fortune but once to see. a slave
chastised by his master,'though I have seen scores
who richly deserved it. This lenity is also attribn-
tab le to the climate and soil, which does not allow
laziness, the great vioe of the negro, to prove so fa-
tal to the master's interest as in more rugged lands.
The separation of families, which is certainly the
most objectionable feature in the system, is far lets
usual here than with you. Brazilians Bre not such
a restless, vagabond horde as you Yankees, selling
their birthright for every mess of pottage that comes
in their way, and scattering their families to the
four corners of the earth. On the contrary tbeir
estates, with the servants attached, descend from
generation to generation us a matter of family pride;
nothing but misfortune eyer inducing a Brazilian
Don to bid adieu to his paternal acres.
There is another respect; in which the condition
of tbe slave here ia far preferable to that of his
North American brother. He has the same or
greater facilities for purchasing his liberty, which,
when bougjtt, is worth something to him, instead
curse, as is often the case in the Dnited
n by this that aB soon as he is free
ilutely on a social equality with every
ipire. He cannot indeed be emperor,
iion forbids it; but be may fill every
church or state, provided only that
necessary ability. One of the leading
lawyers of Rio is colored, and if I mistake not was
formerly a slave, while several of the Presidents of
tbe provinces have been black as the ace of spades.
In fine there is not the slightest prejudice, even in
the highest circles against the negro, on account of
his color or race, while in your Northern States, the
seat of abolitionism, he is for the most part cast
out into the world's outer darkness, being dis-
franchised in many States, and forbidden even to
enter within the boundaries of others.
Alabama and the A!a1>amaa.
CoK Piokett has written a letter, in regard to the
origin of the name of the State of Alabama, in
which one of tbe Indian tribes of Texas (now near-
ly extinct) figure largely. The Col. obtains his in-
formation from the journals of the earliest French,
Spanish and English explorers of this country, be-
sides tbe best traditions at command. He says :
When Cortes, three hundred and thirty years ago
invaded and subdued aboriginal Mexico, the tribe
of Indians called the Alabamas were subjects to
Montezuma. They occupied the country of the
Northwest of (he Mexican empire, and, in conjunc-
tion with the Musoogee or Creek Indians wbo
were also Mexican. subjects, unsuccessfully attempt-
ed to repel tbe invasion of tbe Spaniards. After
the tragical death of Montezuma, these two tribes
began to emigrate eastwards. They bad previously
been at war with eaoh other. On Red River tbe
Muscogecs overtook tbe Alabamas, and for a num-
ber of years, while each were journeying eastward,
they had bloody conflicts. The Musoogees being by
far the strongest party wore always successlul cans
ing the ^Alabamas to abandon their new homes,
and to extend tbeir journcy^Tartker towards thi
east At length tbe former tribe ceased to pursue,
like the hcrraitorrf>s,\having taken possession Í and crossing tbe Mississippi established themselves
•.«• -" ™ «■ ** *
tranapdrent, like afthnated particle of jelly; others continued southeast, and established
are enshrined in
"fcoree fish" padd
fin;and a.lethi
enveloped in ahaj
was evidently anu
mediately burrow.
Iv sacrificed> that'
• It is next to imp
of the Inhabitants ol|
we advise all who c
pay them for their
stock of usofnl infor
ally due to Mr. Simj
wonders oonf
Da
ir thick shells. Tbe curious
about with his filmy dorsal
i "clam" protudes its siphons,
^ fringe; a solitary " flounder "
ed when rooted out, and im-
i himself again in the sand ;
crabs fought gallantly over
JTigbt see its golden combs,
ible, though, to give an idea
e Smithsonian aquarium and
to pay it a visit. It will Te-
ible, and will add to their
Our thanks are especi
wbo kindly explained the
[by bis skill.— Washington
RXCIPBOOITT.—Lot
the Chicago Democri
"When the repeal
was agitating the Hoi
arietor of this paf
le night about IS
over from the Senate
a great deal of warmt
the Whigs and Abolit
oonosinff the Admin* ~
■iff.tb
The Alabamas
themselves on
.the Yazoo river. Tbe name Alabama is said to
ave been assume-l at this p«int. It signifies "here
rest," and was taken u«ler the impression that
the troubles of the triby^ere over, but it seems
that om. red ^brethren ~war" not allowed to enjoy
e repose tbat^, of mankind. When the
¿HUJUCÚ
John Wentworth says,- in
>f Saturday :
the Missouri Compromise
of Representatives, and the
ras doing bis part to defeat
look, Judge Douglas came
to bis «eat, and with
'Ton had better join
ists at once, than be thus
i'We tbink Judge
advice he gave us. Hi
Republicans at ouce, thi
ministration.'"
glas should remember the
_ I better 'join the Black
i be thus opposing tbe Ad-
v ft
Ahdkbw Mathisu, whkeame to this country from
with tbe CounVude Grasse, died in Davis
N. C.) rece&tlj, at tbe advanced age of
county (N
ninety-ax years.
ventnre
in 1141 he marched upor/the fort of the Alabamas,
which was strongly defhded by immense logs and
ditch# and 8trong garison. A battle,as sangui
nary 4 almost any oth« which had attended the
raaichW this great Spniard, immediately ensued.
De S<iUr Was suocesstl, and many of the Ala
bamas ware slain. Sasequeutly, they broke up
their establishments in tississlppi, and removed to
the banks^f the noble ¡ver, which has ever since
bore their uame. The established several large
towns and ittlements ton the Alabama river, bnt
their old enemies, the Ipscogees, returned and^J|t
them throng!
the
to the Choctaw
some took
Trinity, where
Col. Pickett
At length
country about
tbe Alabamas
taln'bis a eel .
' lishments on tbe
vere burse of discipline, causing
dispert. Some fied for protection
ChieUsaws and Mobilians, and
theaters of tbe Sabine and
antfof the tribe yet remsin.
ieu from onr childhood
town when Cornwallls
served his country in J
battle* of Napoleon. I
rat, Dan ton, and Bo
"France got drunk on
was a good oiUxen, I"
Frenchman all over.
be inaooently replied,
danced for
ent fiora the Ra-
own Mr. Math-
- He was present at Yórk-
rrendered, and afterwards
i East Indies and in the
was a witness of the Mu-
ñe saturnalia, when
to vomit blood." Ho
Julius Casar, and a
occasion wlien return-
a letter in his hand ,
. "Very good news,"
r muddcr in France is
" dollar 1" and the
(Go.) £n
Uend-
with Iub
as to be a source
neighborhood, in
;ed that the
wife were one.
Hodge, "but if
e at it,
I' \.l
5 col d
A peace was ooi
were allowed to remar
subject to tbe Nat ¡on«
tbeir peculiar customs
Other vanquished
their towns on the Al
were removed in '86 !
cogeea or CreekB.
settled the
the Chiefs of
ville, to ob
oned estab-
rcain their
the Alabamas
Confederacy,
but to Tetam
also allowed to
1 tbev returned to
|ver. The Alabamas
nsas witb the Mub-
A jddoi in Ind
for contempt of <
tempt for thee
tyv«h*-3ic
atened to fine a lawyer
►expressed no con-
) laaer, on tbe contra
leelingfl."
|>r what vouare," said
|a day or two ago, to
ore hair tban brains,
they can,t see
Dr j
who I
nustard, snl
After
sugar,
; any poi
dined
dinner,
him if
"."said
iet me
ike two tablespoon
* a tumbler o! water,
srates' drink coffee
two will act as an
a Scottish lady
the Doctor had
good. "I'¡8
Doctor. " Prayi
you to some
¡ become malig-
eryi-Kr*
correspondent of the Newbury-
the following picture of slavery
Tbe Boston Journal copies
a word of comment
■el much that I have never
slavery,M instí;-"-"'
«%sHSH
Bous of its ex^
_ it seem blended with
, tbe productions, the organiza
~ iron and tbe government, and
ir of things in a physical, so
It stands hot out as an evil,
as a moral gangrene pn the body politic, as in some
of the more northern slaveholding StateB of your
Republic; bnt it seems as much a domestio institu-
tion as the relation «f husband and wife, or father
and son. In the country, where I have had the best
opportunities of observing it, on account or the
more democratic manners, which admit of a freer
intercourse of all tho. infpibers of the family, 1
have never noticed any marked distinction between
the servants and the children; the fullest intercourse
and kindest relations subsistí Dg between tliemj eat-
of próv
for the
he has-
Cunningham, Felder,
Bin k ley, Jones, Dick
Smith, Codüdge, Mem
grove, Crxier, Strong, Codlidge,
pie, Gray, Riddel), Wrigbtand
Bleekely, Clark, Gibson, Mrs. Hindman,
comb, Mrs. Broack, Mrs. Sbeppard, Jones,
Currington, Grimes, Close, Hiss Close, 2 colored
gentlemen and ladies in tbe Cabin and 10 on deck.
W The steamer Island, Capt. J. H. Sterrett,
arrived last night from Houston with 881 bales cob-
ton and the following passengers:
Messrs. Booze, Wier, Hathaway, Cruger, David
son, Moretz, Blaylock, Millward, Spencer, Poage,
Warsham, Perkins, Whitwell, Taylor, Thompson,
Noble, O'Conner* Hennessy, Sheppard, Young, O'-
Connor, Journey. Sealy, Bailr, Pipkins, Mrs. Stiles,
Cavitt and lady, 8 negroes and 1 horse.
Mi ■
I
m
i
5 1858^4
steamer Neptune, C pt. P.
" I Houston,
sand and lady
and 1 buggy.
Church and
at nine
;h the fol- i
£3P~ We omitted to announce tbe arrival of
Messrs. Hendley & Co. 's fine ship, the National
Guard, wbicb came to tbe wharf last evening.
She is 168 feet long, 23 feet wide, 19 feet deep,
and measures 1,046J^ tons. She is the largest ship
that ever came into tbis port, and will carry from
2,300 to 8,000 bales ootton. She belongs to tbe
Texas and New YoTk line of Packets, of which
Messrs. Hendley & CO. are Agents.
tar The Citizen says that the stage left Colum
bus a few nights since, withont taking the Galves-
ton mail, causing a detention of that mail two days
beyond its usual time.
Effects of a Social Glass.—The telegraph in
announcing the last of tbe murders committed in
Louisville on Chrismas, says,
" This makes three murders just oommltted in
this city, tbe victims and murders in each case being-
friends, and all intoxicated."
Capt. Pittfikld, U. S. Supervising Inspector of
steamers lor the 4th District, in answer to a letter
from the Collector of this port, sayB that be expects
to visit Galveston at tbe end of the present week,
He intended to have done so at an earlier period;
but was detained at other places much longer tban
he expected. He returned from a visit to.Georgia
and Florida on the 20th inst., where he left tbe
matters under his supervision in good condition,
and tie expresses the hope that he shall fiud them
in the same state in Texas.
tarit is stated that M. Gabriac, French Charge
d'AffairB in Mexico, bas asked for bis Government
a naval reinforcement in the Gulf, for the protec-
tion of the national commerce therein. Whether
be apprehends danger from filibusters or Mexicans
does not appear.
Slow Preachebs.—Dr. 0. W. Holmes, in the
December number of the Atlantic Monthly aays—
'It is an odd idea, that almost all our people
have bad a professional education. To become a
docter a man must study some three years and hear
a thousand lectures, more or less. Ju-t how mucb
study it takes to make a lawyer I cannot say, but.
probably not more than this. Now most decent
people hear one hundred lectures or sermons (dis-
courses) on theology every year,—and this twenty,
thirty, fifty years together. They read a great
many religious books beside. Tbe clergy, however,
rarely, bear any sermons except what tbey preach
themselves. A dull preacher might be conceived
therefore, to lapse into a state of quasi heathen-
ism, simply forwant of religious instructions. And,
on the other hand, an attentive and intelligent
bearer, listening to a succession of wise teachers,
might become actually better educated in theology
thah any one of them. We are all theological
students, and more of us qualified as doctors of
divinity than have received degrees at any of the
universities.
It is not strange, therefore, that, very good people
should often find it difficult, if not iuipcsaible, to
keep tbeir attention fixed upon a geruion treating
feebly a subject which they have thought ligorousíy
about for years, and heard able men disciss scores
of times. I have of'en noticed, however, that a
boplessly dull discourse acts inductively, as electri
cians would say, in developing strong mental cur-
rents. Iam ashauied to think with whataccom-
panimeut and variations and fioriture I have some-
times followed the droning of a heavy speaker—
not willingly, for my habit is reverential—tut as a
uecessary result of a slight continuous im(ression
on the senses and the mind, which kept koth in
action without f irnishing the food tbey required to
act upon. If you ever saw a crow with i king
bird after him you will get an image of a dull
speaker and a lively listener. The bird it sable
plumage flaps heavily along his straight forward
course; while the other sails round him, ovei him,
under him, leaves bim, comes back again^ tweaks
out á black feather, shoots away once more, lever
losing sig^t of him, and finally reaches thectow's
perch at' the same time the crow does, having cut
a perfect labyrinth of loops and knots and spiials,
while the slow fowl was painfully working from one
end ol his Btraight line to the other."
Measure of Responsibility.—From the official
returns it appears that the money sent abroad last
year for Bilks was $28,699,681, embroideries $4,-
443,176, trimmings and laces $1,129,164, shawls
$2,246,351, bonnets and hats $2,246,928. Total,
$86,518,961, ladies' account. For brandies and
liquors $3,963,726, wines $2,381,282, cigars and
tobacoo $5,579,932. Total, $11,924,908, gentle-
men's account. Balance against the ladies $24,•
594,053.
Gov. Wise says that the state of Virginia owns
more than 2,000square miles of oysters and other
shell-fisb, yielding annually mote tban thirty mil-
lions of bushels, and employing nearly 100,000 tone
of coasting vessels. He proposes to make this bu-
siness a source of revenue to the state.
Proposed Increase of thk JIrmt.—Gon. Scott,
in his late report to the Secretary of War, reoom-
raends an augmentation of at least one regimen t of
horse, (dragoons, cavalry or riflemen.) Tbis aug-
mentation, he says, would no more than furnish the
reinforcements now greatly needed in i'Iorid*, Tex"
as, New Mexico, California, Oregon, Washington
Territory, Kansas, Nebraska and Minnesota, leaving
not a company for Utah.
He says that the present force is too small for the
large scope of country it is required to defend, and
for the constant labor required.
YijoAtan.—Campeaoby papers to the 12th inst.,
cohtradiot the report of tbe surrender of that city.
It not only still holds out, but the besiegers would
seem to make do headway whatever. The Daily
Bulletin; tahnts them with "inaction," with spend-
ing tbe $100,000 forced loan " for nothing."
Shrevepoet.—The Caddo Gazette, 19th inst.,
gives a very flattering picture of the "season" in
that town:
Our levee is New Orleans in miniature. The
magnificent, steamers, with pennants waviDg, and
with whistles screaming, stir the blood of tbe most
phlegmatic. The innumerable cotton wagons from
the distant praries of Texas crowd our streets from
"early morning till dewy eve." By sunrise Texas
street and the levee are jammed with ox wagons,
and tbe teamsters are presenting their samples of
cotton.
lb New York, last week that an e:
bout starling from that city to join Walker in Nl-
Marabal Bynders was on tbe scent, and,
would seize upon tbe wbole cora-
Tbe Washington correspondent of tbe Bal
ti more 8un says that decisive orders went out to the
squadron, on tbe Nicaragua coast, by the steamer
f tbe 2ftb. Tbe sqnadron would, by tbe time of
arrival, consist of tbe Saratoga, Wabash and
Susquehanna. Tbe only other war vessels at San
Juan are the British ship-of the line Brunswick,
and the steamer Leopard.
At New York Deo. 22th the bark Alnah, having
fifty passengers for Nicaragua, with filibuster in-
tensions was seized ou information from the De-
partment of State at Washington
Guowxns Live Oak.— Tbe Attakapas Begister
learns from Col. Claiborne, U, 8. agent for the con-
solidated district of Louisiana and Mississippi, that
the Secretary of the Navy and Commodore Smith)
chief of the bureau of yards and docks, think fa-
vorably of the proposition to establish entensive
plantations of Live Oak, on reserved lands in that
section of Louisiana, similar to the one in West
Florida.
It is alleged that in twenty years trees can be
grown, from the acorn, ready for the axe of tjie
ship carpenter. It appears from the same paper,
that several companies are now cutting live oak,in
large qnantities, in that and adjacent parishes of
Louisiana. It seems strange that no attention is
paid to the live oak of Texas.
Galveston Institute—The Houston Telegraph
pays a merited oompliment to this Institution. Tbe
editor of that paper is a fine Bchplar himself, and
praise from him, on snob a subject, is worth more
than ordinary newspaper puffing. He says-
Prof. Thompson has had a number of years xe-
perience in teaohing, and is a gentleman of fine
education, being a graduate of one of the oldest and
best Colleges in the conntry, as well as of dignified
bearing and high moral character. Tbe course of
study in the lnstitnte is well calculated to develope
the mind and to secure a practical knoweldge of
the branches taught. Indeed we have not seen so
well selected a course in any school hitherto in this
State. It evinces not only a thorough training on
the part of the teachers, but a thorough knowledge
of the wants and capabilities of the young mind.
The Texas Mails appear to be interrupted to a
great extent by high water in streams usually
fordable. We have received bnt little mail matter
from tbe Interior the last two days. The Houston
Telegraph says: K
A "Scatering" mail from Washington county
was received yesterday, but no Austin mail yet.
By last Saturday's cars we have only partial
mails. We have Austin dates to the 21st, three
days hehind time; Waco to the 20th, no Washing-
ton mail,and no eastern mail beyond Hnntsville.
The only papers received were tbé Waco Southerner
of the 19th, and the Huntsville Item, printed the
24th. We shall be glad when the floods subside
enough to admit of the regular transportation of
tho mails, and perhaps better pleased when our
rallroTds are extended over the rivers that- now can-
not be crossed in high water. The time will cme,
though we may all be gray before we see it.
The rivers of Alabama and Mississippi have been
unusually high of late. The Grenada Republican
says the Yalobusha river and tributaries were higher
during the recent heavy rains than known for many
years. The Little Bigbee, at Aberdaen, also reached
the highest mark remembered by the oldest citizens,
and the whole country round about was inundated.
The Vicksburg Whig says—
Tho river has been rjsing very rapidly for the
past two weeks. For sOnie days it has been rising
at tbe rate of from two to two and a half feot in
twenty-fonr hours. The river is full of drift wood.
Somebody's woodyard must have been overflowed,
judging from the Quantity of cord wood floating
down.
Tbe papers of Mobile Bay that thé Bigbee and
and Black Warrior are Btill out of their banks.
Boland'b Bread Machine. — Notwithstanding
its being a foreign production, tbe managers of the
late Fair of the American Institution, in token of
great superiority, awarded the large silver medal to
this apparatus. The machinery consists of amé
chanical kueader for preparing the dough and a
hot air oven, with a revolving floor, for baking.
The mechanical kneader oonsists of a hollo# cyl-
inder, or wooden trough;- within which, fixed to an
axis, revolve curved iron plates, which latter mix
and knead the dough, at tbe rate of a barrel of
flour in fifteen minutes, to a perfection impossible
to be attained by the band or any other process.
The kneader is Simple in construction, almost im-
possible to get ont of order, requires but little space,
works nois 'lessly and r-gularly, is easily propelled
by a stout lad, and witbal causes no waste of ma-
terial. The ovrn is heated by aú independent fur-
nace; thus the cinders, smoke, and gas are banish-
ed from its interior, and an.y combustible material
—Tbayypn^e. hot-air. &c., aro
carried around, above and —- ■"—
. .....Jü lo PJB
and cavities; the proper temperature, which is in-
dicated by the thermometer, maintained, and the
baking continued at will.' As the whole floor of
the oven is readily revolved, the filling and dis-
charging are most conveniently accomplished and
each loaf ¡9 precisely similar in color.
Manufacture of Porcelain Ware in Europe.
It appears almost impossible for American manu-
factures of porcelain wares to attain that degree
of perfection in the appearance and quality of the
frticle which characterizes those made in Europe;
if further progress is ever to be made, in our coun-
try, it must be by selecting the materials with
greater care—it being nccessary that the compound
should remain perfectly white after exposure to
heat. It is also requisite that it should endure a
very high temperature without fusing, and at the
same time acquire a semi vitreous texture, and a
peculiar degree of translucer.cv and toughness.
Some of the French and English porcelain, especi-
ally that made at Sevres and Worcester, is extreme
ly white and translucent, but is more apt to crack
by sudden changes of temperature. The colors to
be employed in painting porcelain are the same
metallic oxides used lor coloring glass, and in all
the more delicate patterns they are laid on with a
cainel-bair pencil generally mixed, previously,
with a little nil of turpentine. Where several col-
ors are used, they often require various tempera-
tures for their perfection; in which case tboee that
bear the highest beat are first applied, and subse
quently those which are brought out at lower tem-
peratures. Tbis art of painting on porcelain, or
in enamel, is of the most delicate description, much
experience and skill being required in it, aud with
every care being frequently attended with failure;
it is' attended with considerable expense. The
gilding ot porcelain is generally performed by ap-
plying finely divided gold mixed with gum-water
and borax; upon the application of beat tbe gum
burns off, and the borax virtrifying upon tbe sur-
face causes tbe gold firmly to adbere. The patterns
upon ordinary porcelain, which are chieily in blue,
inconsequence of the facility of applying cobalt,
are generally first printed off upon paper, which is
attached to tbe plate or other article wnile in the
state of biscuit; tbe color adheres permanently to
the surface when heat is properly applied. Other
mineral colors are also occasionally employed in
the same way.
i—
the doctrine, that there were three
a man should be allowed to apeak
,Tii: "The bench,the pulpit,
EST" The New York Tribune, in its reportB of
the Cattle Market, makes it a practice to disparage
Texas beeves. At the last accounts a lot of fifty,
which bad buen u fed on Jacob Strau's farm two
years," were in the market; yet the Tribune ridi-
cules them, with about as much sense and reason
as it does every thing elee from the South. Brother
Greely evidently has no fellow feéling for any thing
Southern except negroeB.
Alpacas.—A drove of 42 bead of Alpacas direct
irom Peru, were at New York at tho last accounts.
3hey are imported to establish tbe breed in this
cenntry, for the fleece, as they have been found pro-
fitable in England-
< ««« :—
3ZT It appears strange that the great wealth and
opamerce of Mexico do not serve to build up a large
city on the seaboard. The total population of Vera
CrtK is 10,658—5,099 males and 6.559 females—yet
thejity counts its age by centuries; and wealth
enótgh has flowed through It to build up half a
dozm first class cities in the United States. War,
vom'jt, and greasers, however, do not appear well
adapted to the growth of commercial cities. Gal-
veston is now as large as Vera Cruz ; and, in a few
will hft Tnrmh .
AVabioe.—The London correspondent of the Bos-
ton Post, writing about Mr. Morrison, who recently
died in England leaving propurty to the amount of
f 20,030,000, says:
Mr. Morrison retired from active business several
years since, without withdrawing bis capital from
the merchantile liouso, and though managing his
vast fuudu himself up to the time of his death with
all the sagacity of earlier days, he has for the last
three years been possessed with the idea that he
should come to want. More than two years ago he
c'lmmt-nced doing day labor upon a farm held by
one of his tenants, for which be received twelve
shillings a week, and this he continued up to the
time ot his illness. For the last eighteen months
he has been a regular applicant for relief to the par-
ish, assembling twice a week with the town paupers
at the poor of the ''Union," and receiving witb each
onie of "them his tv/o shillings and a quartern loaf.
His friends have indulged bim in these fancies on
the ground that it was the best choice of two evils.
The truth is, money was his tod, and the idea be-
came at last too great for him and broke him down.
And yet he issaid to have made a most judicious
will, and his investments up to the last are charac-
terized by great good sense. Tbe probate duty on
his will axeeeds ¿6100,000.
The Slave Trade.—The Navy Department has
received despatches from Commander Conover, of
the African squadron, dated St. Paul de Loando,
Oétober 13. Commander McBIair had left the day
before, having received information with regard to
American vessels lying in the Congo river, supposed
to be engaged in the slave trade, which induced bim
tp leave immediately for that place. The Com-
mander sends a list of American vessels that have
been captured by her Britanio Majesty's cruisers
daring the last 'bree months. Tlié Commander had
addressed a note to the British Commissioner resi-
dent at Loando, asking for information of the cir-
cumstances under which vessels purporting to be
Amerieau had been boarded and seized by British
era wers. He nays the slave trade appears to be car-
ried 011 at present to an unusual extent, and seams
principally centered at or near tbe mouth of Congo
river. He had ordered tbe aloop-of-war Dale, with
four montos' provisions, to cruise along the South-
ern const. He also informed the department of the
absolute inefficiency of the squadron, composed as
it is entirely of sailing vessels, for any effectual aup-
pression of the slave trade. / He also calls the atten-
tion of the Department to the legalized traffio in
native Africans which is at present being carried on
la the name of the Frenoh Government.
Virginia has an aggregate of228 miles of canal,
•nd 1,830 miles of railroad, at a total cost of near-
ly un** miUiotu of dollars!
[Proceeding oí tbe City Council.
Galveston, Dec. 2Sth 1867.
Begular Meeting: — Present, Mayor L. ¿ .
Thompson, Aldermen Atchison, Beisener, Jul is,
Franklin, Lufkjn, League, Sbeilds and Sorley. The
minutes Of the last meeting were read and approved.
Aid. Sorley having been duly elected and qualified
—took his seat.
The petition of Messrs. Berleth, Pitt and others
was read and referred to the Committee on Streets
and Alleys.
The report of the Street Commissioner was read
and adopted and bill passed for payment.
The report of the Fire Department Committee on
the " Alarm ¿ell" tor 3d Ward, and the following
resolution were received. Beport adopted. Beso-
lution as amended by Aid. League, extending the
appropriating from four to five hundred dollars,
was passed.
Resolved, "That the sum of five.hundred dollars,
or as much therefore as may be required, be and the
same is heretofore appropriated for the purpose of
procuring and mounting aFire Alarm Bell to be
placed in Ward No. 8."
Tbe report of the Finance Committee was read
and adopted.
On motion an appropriation of $25, for fixing (be
Market Bell, was made to be expended under the
direction of the Marshal.
On motion Aid. Sorley was added to the follow-
ing Committees ; Hospital and Health. Finance
and Bevenue, and Printiug.
On motion of Aid. Atchison it was.
Resolved, That the Committee on Police take into
consideration the expediency of abolishing the night
watch and report thereon at the next regular meet-
jng.
Aid. Atchison offered the following resolution
which was passed :
Resolved, That the Aldermen of the 8d Ward, as
a Committee, be required to examine Public Sq are
No. 880 and report to the next meeting how fur the
contract, for improving said square, has been exe-
cuted.
On motion of Aid. Atchison it Was,
Resolved, Tbat tbe Committee on Streets and Al-
leys inquire into the expediency of passing a sp«eia!
tax Of one fourth of one per cent, to be applied sole-
ly to the improvement of our streets and report
thereon at the next regular meeting.
Mr. Atchison presented the claim of V. Dolton
and moved the payment thereof. Claim rejected.
On motion of Aid. Sorley it was,
Resolved, That His Honor, theMaybr, berequest-
ed to communicate with the Hon. John H. Brown
on the subject ot the application, said to be before
the.'Legislature at its present session, praying for
a grant of twenty five acres of Pelican Flats for the
purpose of a Dry Dock Compauy—and to remind
him that the title to said Pelican Island and flats
is already vested iii the Corporation of the City of
Galveston.
Aid. League oifñred the following resolution,
which was, on motion of Aid, Atchison, referred to
tbe Committee on Streets and Alleys.
Resolved, Tbat the sum of three hundred dollars,
or so much thereof as may be necessary, be and the
same is hereby appropriated to fill up and Curb the
public square in Ward No. 2_known as Block 820.
On motion of Aid. Sorely it was,
Rrxclvtd, Tiint a Committee Of two be appointed
to confer with bis Honor the Mayor and the City
Surveyor and report a practicable prospect for the
protection of the City front from the damage done
by the waters of the Bay.
The bill of the Civilian Office was read and refer-
red to the Committee on Printing
The following bills were audited and passed for
payment:
E. M. Brock, Fire Dept. .$80,00
H. L. Conner, Night Watch....... 4.20
" " " Office Expenses..... 645
Brown «fcKirkland, Fire Dept.... 2 80
E.Drew, Streets 28,00
Mr. Atchison presented the claim of Mr. V. Dol-
ton for Taxes and expenses upon Lot No.— in Block
879, which waB rejected by the Council.
Tlu) Committee on Finance and Beveune was ord-
ered to make a report of the compensation of the
Officers employed by the Corporation.
On motion Council adjóuriied till next regular
meeting. Cbs. E. THOMPSON, Seety,
Philadelphia, an.Thursday evening, and from a
sketch given iu the Ledger wa take the following:
Tbe government of Japan is shared b
tical and military sovereigns. The spiritual sover-
eign's court is held at Macao., tbe religions capita)
of tbe oountry, and consists of 20 000- priests, wbo
have in charge 4,000 temples in that immense city.
His council is composed ot 200grand high priests -*
tbe firtrt rank, who occupy with bim a portion
the palace.
he Siog
form the legislative body, who' regulate taxation,
The Siognn, or Emneror; resides at Jeddo, and
assisted by a oouncil of hereditary princes, wl
commerce, public works, police, criminal justice.
The country is divided into 8 provinces, 28 prin-
cipalities,68 departments, and 822 districts. The
provinces and principalities are governed t>y heri- To-Morrow being a grand holiday, no paper will
ditarv princes amotlg-whom a kind of feudal system . . ,. .. _
prevails. The department and distrie's are gov- l66ue" from 'bis office.
prevails. Tbe department and districts are gov
erned by a chief and four vice governors, who are
assisted by as many,secretaries, ajjd watched by as
many spies. Government spies pervade every por-
tion of theempire, and are attached to every im-
perial office, and are always in their presence. Tbe
imperial officers are kept in office during good be-
havior, and are promoted according to merit with-
out regard to dates.
The higher class of people are generally of a
light olive complexion, medium stature, very
muscular, sn ail hands and fcét, black bair and
eyes, and have beautiful teeth. Their custom of
going áboht with their heads uncovered, and ex
osed to the rays of the sun, make their com
pltxion appear much darker than is natural to
tbeir race.
There are several distinct classes or grades of so
ciety. Hereditary princes and high military officers
stand highest in the order of nobility. Govern-
ment and imperial officere stand next. Magistrates
lieB and soldiers stand next in the order mentioned
be nobility always wear their insignia or coat of
arms on their dress.
Tbe city of Jeddo is, he said, without exception
the largest in tbe world. It contains 1,500,000
dwellings, and tbe unparalleled number of 5,000,000
of people. Some of its streets are 16 Japaneseries
in length, which is equal to thirty-two English
miles. The commerce of Japan is immense, and
tbe sea all along their coast is covered witb tbeir
ships. Their vessels are laden in the Southern por-
tion of the empire with rice, tea, sea coal tobacco".
Bilk, cotton and tropical fruits, all of whioh find a
market in the North, and then return freighted
with corn, salt, oil, isinglass and other productions
of the North—which fiud a market in tbe South.
Under our present treaty with Japan our trade
with that empire will be limited, iuasmucb as all
our business transactions with their merchants have
to be made througbh government agents, hut, with
a libera) commercial treaty, our trade will, in im-
portance, be next to China, and second to none
other in the world.
Attack on the Britibh Minister in Mexico.—
The night previons to the coup d'etat, as Mr. Lett-
eom, H- B. M. Charge in Mexico, was passing from
tbe city to his house in Tacubaya on horseback, he
was attacked by a baud of robbers, and came near
losing his life by a pistol shot.
The robbers took from him his horse and watch,
and also thi; horse from his servant.
The Government has expr- ssed a strong willing-
ness to arrest the perpetrators of tbis villainous at-
tack Upon the representative of ber Majesty; but
we consider it extremely doubtfuf.if tbe efforts of
tbe Government turn cut successful.
No Morí Rancid Better.—A writer in the
Journal of Industrial Progress recomends tbat but-
ter should be kneaded witb fresh milk, and then
with pure water. He states that by tbis treatment
the butter is rendered as fresh and pure in flavor
as when recently made. He ascribes this result to
the fact that butyric acid' to which thuancid taste
and odor are owing, is readily voluble in freetynilk,
■nd thus removed.
' * '■ '--v.
Another Mexican Revolution.
Perhaps, considering the long interval since the
last, we should have delayed the press yesterday
to announce the recent, revolution in Mexico. It
appears tbat the new constitution has been over-
thrown the Federal Counoil dissolved ; and Comon-
fort declared sole and absolute Dictator, with powers
to call an extraordinary Congress. The following
particulars we glean from the translations of the
Picayune.
The only forewarning, indeed, tbe Congress or
the people had of the contemplated overturn was,
with most unexampled hardihood, given by Gov.
Baz himself, the day before. That day, personally
present in the Chamber of Deputies, he was made
the object of very severe criticism ; and numerous
charges were made against him. So far, however,
from deigning to reply to them, he rose in his seat,
and, after renubing the Congress in general terms
for their puerile course, from the opening of the
session, openly and plainly told them that that was
the last day they would ever meet in those cham-
bers, for the next tbey would be swept away.
None, however, seem to have believed him. But
the next morning, at 6 o'clock, the roar of cannon
in the heart of the^city showed it was no idle threat.
Soon after the brigade "Zuloaga," one of the most
trusted corps, conveniently stationed at Tacubaya,
came marching in and took possession of the cita-
dels' Garita, and otherB strong-holds, amid salvos of
artillery, which proclaimed that a new order or
things had begun.
No resistance whatever seems to have been made ;
indeed, there was no time for action on the part oi
the opposition. On tbe contrary, the bells of the
city rung out, rockets were sent up. and everything
evinced the joy of the people. The tumult, how-
ever, having somewhat subsided, the following plan
or proclamation made its appearance :
v _ proclamation.
Considering : Tbat the majority of the people
have not been satisfied with the fundamental con-
stitution (Carta,) which was given them by their
leaders, because it has not proved sufficient to pre-
serve pr.-gress with order and liberty; and, further-
more, on account of tbe obscurity of many of its pro-
visions it has become tbe source of oivil war.
Considering : That the Bepublic requires.institu-
tions analogous to its manners and customs; for the
development of its elements of riches and prosperity
— the true fountain of public peace—and the aggran-
dizement and respectability to which it is entitled,
both at home and abroad.
Considering : Thai tbe army ought not to sustain
what the nation does not wish, but, oh the contrary
should be the sustainer and defender of public will,
expressed in so many ways ; it is hereby declared :
1. That from this date the constitution of 1857
will cease to be observed throughout the Republic.
Respecting the unanimous vote of tho people,
expressed in the free eleotion made by them of Hi
Excellency President Don Ignacio COmonfort, for
Supreme Magistrate of the Bepublic, he shall con
tinue in charge of the supreme command, with full
powers to pacify the nation to promote the improve-
ment and progress of the same, and to regulate the
different branches of public administration.
8. Three months after the adoption of this plan
by the States, into which the Bepublic is now di-
vided, the person in charge of the Executive Power
shall convoke an extraordinary Congress, without
any further object than to form a constitution which
may agree with the wish of the nation., and guar-
antee the true interests of the people. This consti-
tution, before being promulgated, shall be submit-
ted to the vote of the inhabitants of the Bepublic.
After being sanctioned by this vote, it shall be
published, aud immediatly afterwards Congress
shall issue the law for thee'ectlon of the constitu-
tional President of tbe Bepublic. In case that said
constitution should not be approved by the major-
ity of the inhabitants of tho Bepublic. it shall be
returned to be reformed according to the sense of
that majority.
5. Whilst tbe constitution is being made, his Ex-
cellency, the President, will proceed to name a coun-
cil, composed of one principal and one substitute
member foi^aoh one of the States, which shall have
the attribt^^ established by a special law,
6. All tbe authorities that fail to second this plan,
shall cease in the exercise of their functions
Felix Zologa.
General-in-Chief of the Brigade of Tacubaya,
Tacubaya, Deo. 17, 1857.
The arrests do not seem to have been very num-
erous, but among them were men of distinction :—
Benito Juarez, President of the Supreme Court ;
Senor Olvera, President of the Congress, and a few
of the leading members of the opposition.
A private note, written on tbe morning of the
19th, two days after the revolution at tbe Capital,
and the latest possible, says, "everything goes on
well;" by which is doubtless meant that the city
was quiet and the dictatorship fully established.
Advices from Vera Cruz also,the 21st inst., state
that that city was quiet. As to the pronunciamen-
tos there and at Puehla. they do not differ materi-
ally from- those of the Capital It seems to have
been a well concerted movement, and probably was
coextensive with the Bepublic. At Vera Cruz and
Puebla, üb doubtless other points, ail that was nec-
essary was for tbe garrisons to quietly transfer their
allegiance from a government, now no more to a
more absolute dictatorship. The new order of things
however, seems to have everywhere been favorably
received, especially at Vera Cruz.
ST Bishop ]
preach this ev
hold a watch 1
o'clock.
The Carriers of the Civilian propose to keep
np the ancient practice of calling on their patrons
on New Year's Day, and trust to receive the usual
evidences of welcome and appreciation, in response
to tbeir Annual Address.
fefy J. O. Shook, Esq., has retired from the
publication of the Waco Southerner, and is suc-
ceeded by Mr. W.D Chambers, wbo announoes tbat
the politios of the •' Southerner " will hereafter be
thoroughly Democratic. His salutatory is well
written, and we doubt not tbat the Southerner will
continue to be one of the beet papers in the State.
pg* Rev. if. S. Thrall, having been appointed
Presiding Elder of Austin District, we presume that
he will remove his home from tbis county. How.
ever cbcerfully he may himself be able to follow
the path of duty wherever it seems to lead, there
are many persons in Galveston, outside as well as
inside of the church, who will part from him with
regret. We have bad some oppertunity, in time
past, to observe tbe practical working of his faitb,
and if an enlarged benevolence; a charity that di-
vides its last loaf with the needy orphan; anda
zeal tbat walks by nigbt as well as day amid pesti-
lence and death, cheering the afflicted, and admin
istering the last consolations of religion to the dy-
ing, are evidences of piety and worth, he bears
them all. Free from all arrogance, cant and pre-
tension , but possessing more than ordinary judg-
ment, intelligence and reasoning power, and never
wearying in his great vocation, he is well calcula-
ted to be useful, and to win confidence and esteem,
wherever he may go.
Louisiana Scgar Crop. —The Thidodaux Miner-
ra says that the rolling season is nearly over, many
planters having already finished; and tbat the su
gar crop will fall far sbort of the anticipated 300,-
000 of the past summer aud early in the season.
In many cases the yield has been but little over five
bundred pounds per arpent, and tbis when nearly
two- thirds of ihe cane rolled, was plantcane. There
are some tew exceptions but the rule will be a
short crop 1
New Year's Dat.—Our citizens appear to be di-
vided on the question of devoting this day to calls
by the gentlemen and receptions by tbe ladies.
Some find it inconvenient to spend the day in either
way, and others object to tbe license and dissipa-
tion encouraged by the use of wines, whioh many
are unwilling to discard. We are told that, as far
as the gentlemen are concerned, in Paris, Vienna,
and other European cities the practice of making
calls on that day has greatly ceased, and in i's place
there has originated a custom, which we t¡ ink we
shall inaugurate here. A person who is unwilling
to spend tbe necessary immense amount of time in
visiting his friends, or in sending cards to them,
devotes a sum of money to a certain benevolent ob-
ject; and is thereupon entitled, by common oonsent,
to tbe same rights and privileges as if he presen-
ted himse I ves at each house in person. We pro-
pose to acquit ourselves of the duty of making the
usual calls by paying the grocery bill of a certain
poor man, whose name modesty forbids us to men-
tion, but for which we shall be able to exhibits
receipt. This fashion, we suspeot, would be highly
popular with a large elass of our citizens engaged
in trade.
Boot and Shoe Trade or Massachusetts.—The
Lynn Directory contains some curious statistics on
the Leather and Shoe business of Massachusetts. It
appears that there are 218 wholesale and jobbing
boot, shoe and leather dealers in Boston, whose
Yearly sales amount to.;........ $84,100,000
106 hide and leather dealers, whose
yearly sales amount to................25,650,000
To which we add tho sales of retailers
&c 1,890,000
And we have tbe sum total of. $61,140,000
W hich is the gross amount of yearly sales of all
shoe and leather houses who havé offices and stores
in Boston. Of the shoe houses,
4 do a business of over $1,000,000 annually
2 " " 800,000 "
600,000,
Of the leather houses
" do a I
8
7
34
Boston is now
world.
Arizona Coming.-
Gwinn, of California, 1
tion to introduce a bill
Territory of A-iZóoS."
be the Messilla Valley!
brace-about 27,000 square mi]
New Mexico on the north, and tb<
vinces of Sonora and Chihoahns on
extending westward to the Coiorad
leman who bas repeatedly trave
of it, says tbat it abounds in goli
per—ha« many spots of "
adapted for the propagation of
and especially tbe grape, and |
phere which 'it is a physical 1
Colorado city, opposite Yuma, i
the Gila and Colorado, and at t
navigation on the latter river.
ing into the Territory. The
last year consumed $100,000 wo
from San Francisco alone, and 1
of tbe Colorado. A week never j
sailing fit vessels from California to t
Aid to the Navy—The policy of the United
States, to rely upon tbe citizens, and not a standing
army, for the protection of the country, seems like-
ly to be exténded to the ocean. Commodore Jones,
in a communication to tbe National Intelligencer,
urges an appropriation to provide armaments aud
munitions for a volunteer navy, to bo ready in the
emergency of war. He says :
^Without entering into any and very minute cal-
culations as to the ultimate cost of such prepara-
tions as I have ventured to suggest, I think the
military equipments for one thousand privateers aud
letters of marque would not exoeed $2,000,000
which might be convouiently divided into ten an
nual instalments, and thus at acost of a little more
than the Niagara man-of-war, of very doubtful ef-
ficiency, we should have a volunteer navy afloat
which would bid defiance to all the navy's of Eu-
rope, and leave to our own aallant little navy the
houor of keeping our own coast and harbors clear,
and keeping open our seaports free to ingress and
ogress of commercial neutrals and the prizes of war
taken on the ocean by our public and private arm-
ed vessels.
A Fact Worth Considering.—Tbe Houston Tel
egraph says that, after it had given its readers
warning, that a dangerous counterfeit, on the Com-
mercial and Agricultural Bank, at Galveston, had
made its appearance, and gave a minute description
of the bill, sufficiently so to have put any one
on his guard it heard ot persons being taken in by
the counterfeit, but in no instanoe have they been
subscribers to the Telegraph I
This is not an isolated instance. Wo can scarcely
suppose a case in which a man in business will not
save m-'re, iu the course of a year, than the price of
subscription, by taking a paper published in his
own town or city. An exchange says truly—
Every citizen should take an interest in bis local
paper, which if property supported would be made
an object of pride; to bim.
Every dollar expended upon a local paper is
immediately returned into the local channels ot
trade, whereas when those sums are spent on other
journals, it leaves the locality never more to return.
New Ynrk city is enriched at the expense of the rest
of the United States to the extent of over half a mil-
lion of dollars yearly by subscription to two week
ly papers alone.
Mining for Timber.—.Professor Cook, of Bul-
gers College, New .Brunswick, New Jersey, one of
the state guelogi&ts. at the meeting of the Scientific
Convention at Montreal, in August last, read a pa-
per on the subsidence of the land on the coast of
Long Island aud New Jersey, a printed "copy ol
which he has been so kind to send me. Maj. Deala
field, of the U. S. Engineers, has given attention to
i hat subject, and so has Professor Benwick; the
two latter with particular refe.rence to the pre serva-
tion of the harbor of New York. The subject is
one of great importance as connected with naviga-
tion and the preservation of the harbor of New
York, aud we are very glad that Prof. Cook has
taken hold of the subject, which bis researches in
making a geological survey of the sea shore portion
of New Jersey, has enabled him tbe better to uu
derstand.
Professor Cook says: " At several places in
with!
in this m
told Oat in
f's eve to ceremonia
In Germany every one site '
the old and: j
Year. In England the bells of
rung from a little before, till
convivial parties, "watch out
tbe new one In, and soon after :
resting place under the table." la
tries, the lower order of people I
atltious faucies and rites with the tima.
lines of Alexander Smith are sufficiently e
and sober for the time:
Ah,year by year, file's Are burns out,
And year by year lite'sstream runs dry;
Tbe wild deer dies within the blood,
Tbe faloon in the eye.
And Hope, who sang miraeulous songs
Of what should be, Tike one inspired,
How she should right the ancient wrongs,
(The generous fool 1)grows boarse and tired;'
And turns from visions of a world renewed,
To dream of tripled renta, lair miles of stream and
wood.
The savage horse, that leads
His tameless beard across tbe endless plain,
Is taught at laBt, with sullen heart, to train
Beneath bis load, nor quiver when he bleeds.'
We cheat ourselves witb onr own lying «yes,
We chase a fleeting mirage o'er tbe sand, . :
Across a grave tbe smiling phantom flies.
O'er whiob we tall, with a jain clutching hand,
What matter—if we have laborious breath,
And craok our hearts and sinews, groan and weep
The pain of life but sweetens death—
The hardest labor brings the soundest sleep.
Another Hdmbuo Exploded.—Our readers will
recollect the parade whioh was made last summer
in regard to the establishment of a Yankee oolony
in Virginia, whioh was to show the superiority of
free over slave labor, ahd revolutionize tbe institu-
tions of tbe Ancient Dominion, while it made the
fortunes of the advauturers from Massachusetts,
who engaged in it. Eli Thayer, tho founder of the
scheme, waB looked upon as a deep and dangerous
man ; but it appears that he was so only to
Northern brethren. His city of Ceredo does norip-
pear to flourish equal to Deseret. The Springfield
( Mass.) Bepublioan si ys that the accounts it has re-
ceived from the settlement11 are anything but fa-
vorable." Tbe Bepublican gives the names and
statements of persons who have returned ; and all
" agree in stating that the representations by which
they were induced to go to Virginia, proved to be
false and deceptive. Instead of the population of
Ceredo being four bundred, it is only about fift^.
Tbe village site has been flooded three times by the
Ohio river since 1820, fogs rise before sundown and
rarely olear up before nine or ten the next morning,
and fever and ague is the standing oomplaint. The
buildings of the city consist of one old farm house,
one barn and three frame houses-is process oT er-
ection.
Most of those who have gone to Ceredo have
left disappointed, while some remain only because
they have not tho means to got away."
Whether the name Ceredo is derived from "cered"
(to smear with melted wax,) does not appear, but
it seemB certain that people do not stick to the
place.
The Laxas, which recently arrived at New York
from Peru, were carried by the brig Drumuioad,
from Aspintfall. Tbey were purchased by a French
gentleman, sent out by a New York company to
South America bst Spring, and are a choice lot of
the breed ca'icd "Auchania." Tbey wore brought
from tbe Coi diberas to Guayaquil and thence ship-
ped to Pauania. Seventy-one were shipped on
board the Drummond, but owing to heavy weather
on the passage twenty-nine died. The brig put
into Key West on the 4tb inst., where the animals
were much recruited. They are now in goo4 con.
dition. The following description of these anln
may interest many of our readers who have never
seen them:
Tbe lama belongs to the group Ruminantjal,
which is divided into four families, tbe camel, gir-
affee, deer and antelopes and oxen. The genus
Auchania differs from tbe camel iu being destitute
of bumps on the back. Tbe legs are shor ter than
in tbe camel. Tbe neck is long—luoie vertical.
The ears and hoofs are long.
Tbe toes are separated, or not united, as in the
camel, by a callous sole. The actual species oi tbis
genus belong to this continent exlusivciy, wiiure
they represent the camels of the Eastern. They
are confined to tbe mountai: ous regions of South
America. The lama, the most common of the
species, is as large asastag, and was known ut the
time of the conquest of Peru by Pizarro, in 1634,
and indeed was the only domesticated animal, be-
ing for the inhabitants of tbat couutry what the
reindeer is to the Laplanders. The importation,
we perceive, is a speculation, the design being, no
doubt, to introduce them in tbe elevated portions
ol New England, where sheep ami alpaca - flourish.
**" '1 animal is extremely hardy, aud is snid 'o
breed rapidly. They will be valuable oniy for their
wool. lüi
amount of
in the salt water
business
splitting it
rod the work-
and then re
tbey manage to
Southern New Jersey an
white cedar timber is foand
sound and fit for ustf, and
is carried on in mining tl
into shingles for market.
By probing tbe marsh wi
men find where tbe solid tii
moving the surface sods and
work in tbe mud and water with íong'one handled
saws, and cut off the logs, which as tbey are loosen-
ed, rise and float, and of course are easily managed.
Tbe timber is not water-logged at all, but retains
its buoyancy, and the removal of tbat neatest tbe
surface, releases tbat which is below, and It rises so
that Q>ew supply is constantly coming up to tbe
Ian. In this way a single piece of swamp
iabelow tide level, has been worked for fifty
—' and still gives profitable returns. The
every direction, some ap-
>wn down by the wind,
id Allen after it was par-
in the marsh at Dennisville, a
sh mud was forced through, and
or .muck q-. ite down to the
Most of the timber found was
_the bottom amffast in tbe bard ground
ilia. On the boarders of On
other
• Wheeler for
Court,
of Judge
Tfliblic salines now are,,
stumps beneath tbe
.—The Brenbam Enquirer
Education begins the gentleman, bat 1
gjDod company and reflection most fit
Peanuts, which are easily grown in Texas, are
$8 40@$8 76 per 100 lbs. in France, where tbey
are largely used in tbe manufacture of oil. This
oil resembles that known in this country as sweet
or olive oil, and for tbe manfacture of fine soaps is
preferred to any other seed oil. The following is
the process pursued for its manufacture:
The shell is not removed, but is crushed with
the kernel. In the process of extracting tbe oil,
the nuts are subjected to several operations. They
are first passed through a series of crushing cylin-
ders, and th'n arc crushed again under millstones.
After being thus crushed, they are placed in wrap-
pers made of bog's or goat's hair, and then put into
hydraulic presses, which express tbe oil, which
flows off into a bucket. In tbe centre of tbe bucket
rises a tube nearly tb the height of the rim. which
tube passes through the bottom of the bucket, and
fits as a socket upon a large lube or pipe, fiom
which the oil is constantly being pumped into very
large casks, holding from 8,0OU to ltí,000 pounds
of oil. Tbe use of the tube in the bucket is to cause
tbe heavier parts of tbe oil, together with all refuse
matter, to sink to tbe bottom, while nunc of tbe
purer parts of tbe oil pass into the large tube or
pipe. There is no process of clarification. Tbe oil
remains in the casks from six to ten days without
being touched, at tbe end of whicb time it is found
to be clear
The nuts are crushed and pressed three times.
At each pressure the superior nut yields a different
quality of oil, and it is only after tbe third pressure
tbat the cake is formed. Tbe oil resulting from the '
first pressure is used lor eating, and is worth $11
87i the one hundred p'unds ; the oil from the se-
cond pressure is used for burning, and is worth J
$11; the oil from tbe third pressure is used for
making soap, aud is worth §1U 25.
There are two factories in Marseilles, which pro-
duce each 6,000 barrels of oil a day, aud the de-
maud is greater than the supply. Among, the
ether aricles used, for tbe production uf oil are the
sesatne seed, coprah (orsmall cocoa nut) and colza,
or rape seed. The great ialling off iu tbe returns
of the whale fisheries, f- i tho high price of ail
animal oils, gives interest to t-i ióquirles in regard
to the supply from other suui ces. Mineral and re-
ge table oils are largely on tbe increase.
Hkbki.w Confirmation. — Tbe imposing and
touching ceremony of conflmation accor-ting to tbe
Mosaic rite was performed on Saturday morning,
at Har Sinai Temple, on High street. At an early
hour the bouso was filled to its utmost capacity, and
the service woa opened with music choir, accom-
panied by tho organ. Tbe parties to be confirmed,
six girls and four boys, occupied seats inside th^: %
altar. At the approprite time the ark of the cove- '
nant, which is immediately in tbe rear of the «speak-
er's desk, was opened, and tbe scroll containing the '
law ot Moses placed on the chancel altar. Bev, Mr.
Einhorn then ascended tbe pulpit and delivered a
discourse in tbe German language, after whloh, in
the presence of the wbole congregation, the candi-
dates for eonfimation pledged tbeir lives to the ser-
vice of the God of Isreul. This concluded, tbe can-
didates took their poeition in front of tbe ark oí
covenant, wbicb was again thrown open, when the
r.tfí0¡*t¡ng rabbi laid bis hands on their beads and
Utased them- Tbis part of the ceremony was very
touching, so much so tbat tbe whole of the congre-
gation ept. The vow are tbe same, except for tbe
observance of ceremonial law, as in the daya of tbe
Jewish prosperity in Palestine, and anterior to that
date, when Aaron and his sons were consecrated to
tbe sorvioe of God, under tbe direction ot Mosea.
Tbe whole ocromony occupied about two bctua.and
was lull of interuBt throughout.
A short time since Joel Rchoonbczen, 100 yeanjBh'-
— was discharged from Sing Sing State Prftt~
ving been pardoned by tbe Govtmor. He
"" 1 for Ufe for arson* lie is a native
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Civilian and Gazette. Weekly. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 50, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 5, 1858, newspaper, January 5, 1858; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth177383/m1/1/: accessed April 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.