The San Antonio Ledger. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 4, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 2, 1867 Page: 1 of 4
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YOL. IIV.
£¡-ofe8SÍoflí|l ©qlrd .
a. J. JONKB..
.. I. a. BOSTON,
JONES & HUSTON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Sah Sntonio, Texan.
Will praotioe in tho District Court of the 4th
Ju<li8ial District, and adjoining counties, in the
Supreme Court at Aastin, and will attend to bus-
iness, generally, aftywhere in the State
in Fronoh's Building.
Office
71-ly
C. UPSON.
Attorney & Counsellor at Law,
OFFICE IS I,INN'S BUILDING,
Opposite the Court House,
al-ly] Sail Antonio, Texas.
jodií BArcoos o. a; wnst
HANCOCK 8l WEST,
Attorneys-at-Law,
s«gl3-79-ly I AU8TINT, TEXAS.
J. S. VAN cleGItAAFF,
attorsey at law,
San Antonio, Tex.
WILL t rap tico in tho Courts of th« 14th
Judicial District. .
(¡3f Prompt attontion given to all business
entrusted to his care.
Office, North side of the Military Plaxa, in
ihe Jacob Linn building. (no. 1-ly
D. C. PROCTOR,
Attorney at Law,
1NDIANOLA, TEXAS.
WILL attend to businoss in the Counties of
Calhoun, Refugio; Goliad, Victoria, Gon-
zalos, Lavaca and Jackaon. deo21-ly
WALKER W. BERRY,
ATTOltXBV AT LAW,
San Antonio, Texas.
'* Office opposite the Court-house, in Jacob
Linos'Building. julyl0-nn64-tf^
T. S. HA It RISOS9
attorney at law,
San Antonio, rl e.vas.
Office in first room, up stairs, opposite the
Court-^ouso. no-
NICHOLAS CLEARY,
Attomey-at-Law,
OrfricB—Trevinio street, opposite the Old
Cathedral; " 72-ly
lott* 8. M'CAMPBBLL. *' c* OIVBNS.
F. rxVST LB ROY.
McCampbell, Faunt le Roy & Givens,
Attorneys and (Jftiiuscllors-at-Law
GOLIAD. TEXAS 71-ty
WM. H. YOUNG,
ATTOItXKY AT LAW.
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
Office— French's Building.
MRefers to furmor feliow-aolJiors throrghout
the "tute. july4-no62-tf
m ES. JLÜMCW,
•HT-. JGk. tXMr W 3E3 BHR. 9
SAN ANTONIO TEXAS.
"""=■• m,.„i«. Af tauii"
I. A. PASCHAL,
Attorney-at-Law,
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
O ¡flee, 111 «I'reiicli'g HiilMliis. |nl-ly
YR0S. J. DRVINH 5_. P. BREWSTER
DEVINE & BREWSTER,
Attorneys-at-Law,')
San Antonio, Texas.
"tTTILL practice in the District Courts of the
VV 4th Judicial District and adjoinlc g Coun-
ties, end in the Supremo Court at Austin.
Office in Frepoh's Building 19tf
J. M'SWEEN, M. D.
OFFERS bis services to the citieens of San
Antobio and vicinity, in the practice of
Medicine and collateral branches.
Offico at the Drug Store of Lindmiller A Co.
táf* lU'sidence—Mrs. Davidson place, Flores
ptreet. jan7-tf
Dr. W. G. KINGSBURY,
í>entifltti
Dfficb: At old stand, near Froneh's Building.
Qreat Improvement in Artificial Teeth!
Dr. K. is prepared to insert teeth on Vulcan-
ite, or Hard Rubber base, an article superior
to gold, and at greatly reduced prices.
Tooth ailed, and nil operations of tho mouth,
porfornod in a superior manner. nl-tf
Dr. J. G. WALKER,
Having located in san antonio,
respectfully tonders his professional áerVicos
to tho citizens. Speoial attention will b« giien
to tho peculiar diseases of Women and Obstetrics.
Having devoted a great portion of bis time for
tho last 25 yoarB to that particular branch ef bis
irofession, ho confidbnfly hopes to give satisfac-
ion to thoso who favor hi in with their patronage.
¿^Office at Lindmiller's 4 Co's Drug Storo.
llesi lenco fourth house above Methodist Church.
ft
CARD.
BY reaion of a failure to fulfill a contract
entorod into with mo by a second party, and
my own pecuniary inability to establish an infir-
mary in this City and at Boerne as oontemplat*
ed. I resumo the praoticoof Physio and Surgery
in San Antonio and vicinity.
July l-no6l-tf WM, MADISON.
GEO. CÜPPLES, M. D.
Office at Mr. F. Kaltoyer's
.ES3?®SIEo
Or pick Hours : 8 to 10 A. A,
San Antonio, Feb. 7, 186B. noil
H
B. V. TEEL, M. V.
. * ..named tho praoticoof Modialne, Obste-
A3 i. - —,ry. i'urtieular attontion
tries and sais-.,.
jail to Boorot diseases. j.,
Offieo at his resldonoe, Nortl)00 1 Part of <"7
fcn Flores street '
Z e. cauothisrs, m. d.
OFFICE! R. II. Dryden's Drug Store.
Hesideuoo, four doors below tho Drug store,
«n Quinta street, 1n tho house formerly occupied
by John Bowen, Esq.
r Orders left at tho Drug Store at all hours
of the day or night, promptly forwarded and at-
tended to. je4twAw-tf
San Antonio' Lodge No. 11.
I. O. O. F.
MEETS ovety TUESDAY evening over Mr
S. Sampson's store. Commeroe street, near
tha Bridga. All Odd Fellows in good standing
ara respecially Invited to attend.
* A.N.DAÜ0HY, S. G.
Cha ' íjouo. Seot'y In9yl
FENIAN BROTHERHOOD!
THE "O'CONNELL" CIRCLE, of San Anto-
nlo, meets at the Court-house on Saturday
•ri nlngt at eight e'oloek.
All communications relative to the orgVnlia-
tlCB, should be addressed to. the undersigned.
lf8-n-#s Br MeCOBMACK, Ses'y
Plaza Miouse Hotel
W. C. RANDLE,.w ... Propria
WE have leased this well knoWn Hi
and after having repaired and renoval
it for the oomfort aud convenience of tha public,
will takepleasure In accommodating those who
may honor us with their patronage. *
We have arranged to take earo of man and
beast, and will supply our oustomers with the
best tbat the market affords. J2S twly
ZJ*
I 1
etfrs
„Li The
aMd
, SATURDAY, MARCH 2, 1867.
FBAXK W. FB*
OHLER HOUSE,
t,ATB Casiuir Honsi,)1
INDIAN OLA ,{jT EX AS
OIILER t FEE, Proprietors. (70-ly
IS1LND CITY HOTEL,
PRICE, PIERCE & Co., Proprietors.
7'P
JOHN J. PRIOB,
J. F. PIBRCR,
DR. V. A. M'LBOD.
texas.
niytw-tf
INGRAM HOUSE,
WM.-ASHLEY, Propretor.
MAGNOLIA HOUSE.
(LATH dAKTtift HOUSE,)
At the Foot of the Wharf,
INDIAN OLA, TEXAS.
J. I. RUNDELL, Proprietor.
ST. JAMES HOTEL.
JIEW ORLEANS, LA.
CHAS. E. SMEDKS, Manager,
THE Manager will spare neither labor nor
expense to merit a continuace of the liberal
support with which he has thus far been honored.
0 S. KELLEY, formerly of the Ktllty House,"
Houston and Galvoston, Texas, will be found at
the St. James Hotel, dec28-tf
Sfliooji 6q^s.__
TOM. It ENNEDV'S
ON CARCEL STREET,
Opposite tUe Market House,
HAS on hand the best Brandies, Whiskies,
Gin, Sherry, Claret, Por*, and Champayno
Wines, Absynthe, Bitters, Ac., Ac. Also, the
best brands
Cigars and Tobacco.
San Antonio, Feb. 7 h, 1866 nitf
FRANKEL & NEUENDORF'S
EXCHANCE.
O"u od ¡."af^gáb^. buildlng "cently
They always have on hand the best Binm*
dy, Whisky, Gin, Sherry, Claret, Port k Cham-
pagne Wines, &«., in the city. Call and try
them.
oetlOtf
THE COMMERCIAL SALOON
South side of Commerce St.,
SAN ANTONIO.
The choicest Liquors to be had at all hours.
This establishment is under the manngeinent ot
oct3-w.tnw.tf) J. R. MARxMION.
The Gem Bar-Room,
irVHT. SCAJVLJVY,
victoria, texas. 71-ly
CotDhifeglorf
R. Ae VANCE. J.PAYNB. B. F. VANC1
VJtJYCH, PJtlTJYE # Co.
£
-AMP -
Commission and Forwarding
Merchants.
ixdianola, texas. (71 ly
'I
C. MONOD
VANCE'S STÓHES, ALAMO PLAZA
■i« men;
DMCusmoracjatKrT,
DEALER IN DRY GOODS, GROCERIES,
UARDWARE, Ao- oct3-tf
R. M. FORBES & CO.,
Commission & Forwarding Merchants
AND GENERAL DEALERS IN
Groceries & Staple Goods,
LAVACA, TEXAS.
Will make Cash advances on consign-
ments ofCotton, Wool, eto., to our friends in New
Orleans and New York. (67-ly
laTew Orleans.
A. J. WARD & CO.,
Cotton and Wool Factors,
AND —
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
Comer Strand and 24th st.,
GALVESTON, TEXAS.
H U SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY.
EDWARD THOMPSON, & CO.,
Wholesale Grocers,
i* tchoupitoulas street,
nlIy NEW ORLEANS
r. (j. TtntSTALL. 1. r. tuh all.
TÜNSTALL & B RO.,
ginbhal
Commission Merchants.
No. 1.01 Poydraa Street.
New Orleans,
Its Dying Honrs and Struggles.
The Nobility ot'Lee-*The Hepelessnesa
of the Struggle.
THRILLING ACCOUNT BY AN IMPARTIAL
OBSERVER.
From Ihe London fortnightly Review ]
It is said by Coleridge, tbat no man
thrown to tbe surface of human affairs
ever succeeded in simultabeously gain-
ing distinction and .affection, unless he
possessed something of an opicene nature,
that is to say, a mixture of masculine
and feminine qualities. Without claim-
ing for Gen. Lee in tbe highest sense of
the title "great," it ia impossible to deny
tbat bis memory will be cherished by
those who in the crisis of his three years
trial, stood and suffered by bis side, as
an exceptionably dear and precious pos
session. Few soldiers, if asked whether
they would rather have served under
Lee on the one- band, or under Cromwell,
Frederick the Great, Marlborough or
Napoleon on tbe other, would hesitate to
prefor the four famous generals. to tbe
disoomflted Confederate. Yet it is doubt-
ful whether any of the four a'ter they
passed away, and had oeased to commu-
nioate tbe electrio shock of their presence
and contact—of eye, voice, character and
influenoe—to others, possessed such hold
on the affections and esteem as were in-
spired by Robert E. Lee.
The truth seems to be that tbe great-
est men aro nscsssaiily and intensely sel-
fi*h. All great men aro monsters, says
a German proverb, and it may, I think,
be conceded that when a man is playing
a conspicuous role in life, aud is gener-
ally loved, he is not in tbe world's high-
est sense, great. He has tbe thought-
fulness about others, the unobtrusive*
ness aud renunoiation of self, tbe truth-
fulness, purity, modesty, charity, guile-
lessness which cannot long be unnoticed
by those around him, and which lay firm
held upon'1 their hearts. But to the
great, to till a very large space, in the
world's eye during a mairs few brief y ears
upon earth, be must throw modesty and
unobtrusiveness overboard; be must be
grasping, aggressive, discreetly greedy of
praise, covetous of a large share of bor-
or, judiciously envious) must know how
to undermine troublesome rivals, with-
out being found out, and to help useful
friends without being supplanted. Hear-
tily agreeing with. Coleridge that where
distinction and affection bave been won
coincidently, there must be the epicene
element in their winner, Í venture to
doubt whether man's affeotion is ever
won by tho greatest, or, in other words,
whether in the greatest, any of tho wo-
man is to be found, The men who are
brave from tendernessl are braver than
.i - wno are bravo, from priJo.
the men who, to encourage or mare Oili-
er , ar« gratuitously brave, are not sel-
fish enough to be great. The calm judg-
ment of posterity, especial)} if assisted
by the pen of Mr. Carlyle (who is said
to bold that Washington stands too high,
and Who if I am tightly informed, con-
templates lowering his penestol,) will 1
think reverse the verdict ot Air. Everett's
well known lecture, and will pronounce
that Washington was not greater than
Peter, or Frederick, or Marlborough, as
Mr. Everett contends, but was simply
more estimable.
l'he exceeding lovablcncss of Lee, be-
came more patent as your conscibusneás
that as a politician he lacked vigor and
self-assertion became more irreaistable.
This lovableness was based upon a never
tiring unselfishness, a o >ntagioui endur-
ance of hardship and danger, a shrink-
ing modesty, and abounding tenderdess.
The child and the young girl, who had
never seen him before, ran to him in-
stinctively as to a friend. His look
spoko of honesty, directness, kindliness,
courage. IIíb smile was irresistibly win-
ning. But the stuff which made Crom-
well, Napoleon and William the Silent,
greater as politicians than as soldiers,
was lacking in Lee. All tbat there was
of true and bravo in the people whom ho
so nearly made a nation, called on liitn
by signs that he who ran might read, to
put Congress aside, to control the pre ,
to bo dictator indeed; and yet be would
not! Nevertheless, in the belief that there
is no more powerful stimulant to a noble
ambition than the study o'f such a char-
acter as Lee's, I desire to throw my stone
upon tho cairn by gathering together a
few notes, for the general accuracy of
which I can entirely vouch, exhibiting
the main features of the eventful six days
which intervened between the evacuation
of the Confederate lines around Peters-
I urg and Richmond on the night of April
2d, and the surrender of Lee's army on
the morning of April 9th.
In order'rightly to understand these
six day.1-, it. should be premised that the
federal cavalry, massed ünder Gen. Sher-
idan, numbering about 15,000 sabers,
'idly equipped, and converted by
their able commander into a body of
military hoTseiLen, upou whom an Aus-
tria or French tabreur might bave look-
ed without disdain, moved southwards
down the valley of Virginia between the
1st and 10th of last March, and encoun-
tered a scratch Confederate army of
3000 men, under Gen Early, at Waynes-
boro. Gen. Early, distrustful of his men,
who were equally distrustful of him,
planted them wnu bscks to a deep river,
in order to make retreat impossible.—
Tbe result is easily forseen. Gen. IBher
¡dan bagged two thirds of biSj enemy's
foroe and most of his enemy's artillery.
Sweeping {[rapidly onward toward the
James liiver between Bichmond and
Lynchburg, Sheridan found himself con-
fronted by a swollen and impassable
stream. Ho fell back, rounded the left
wing of Lau'a army crossed the Pamun
key river atthe White Houso, (where he
reoruited bis strength by picking up
twelve hundred fresh horses, which await*
ed him there,) and opon tbe 25th of
March joined Gen. Grant in tbe Hues be-
fore Petersburg. To Sheridan's untiring
and sagaoious activity in the subsequent
opt rations, more than to tbe agenoy of
any other man, is doe the completeness
of the federal triump—the seemingly in-
explicable collapse of the Confederacy.
It was not long before Grant's acces-
sion of strength was felt by Lee.
Uf on tbe evening of Saturday, April
1st, Gen. Longatreet, who had lotig de-
fended Bichmond by commanding tbe
Confederate forctl to tbe north of Jaaei
river, received information from Lee tbat
Grant bad detached Sheridan's cavalry
and two corps of infantry, (about 25,000
men in all) to act against the Soutbslde
railroad. Before oouimunicating with
Longatreet, Leo had dispatched Pickett's
and Busbrod Johnson's divisions, Huger's
battalion of artillery, and Fitzbugh Lee's
division of cavalry, (in all about 17,000
men,) Lee bad so weakened bis Unes-be-
fore Petersburg, tbat there was but one
Confederate left te every fifty yards.
Under those circuoptauoes, Lee called
upon Longstreet formen. But at dawn
upon the 2d of April, before Longstreet
had bad time to obey Lee's orders, Grant
descried from his wooden tower of ob-
servation the weakness of the Confeder-
ate lines. He immediately threw a very
heavy column, consisting. I believe chief-
ly of GiBbon's corps, upon the weakest
spot. The federals carried with very
slight loss, the out line, thinly held by
Heath's division of Confederates, snd
bulged inward until they struck two of
the detaohed forts, whereof a string or
system ran behind the whole length of
the Confederate outer works. These two
detaohed works, which were of course de-
signed to cover eaoh other, Were named
Forts Gregg and Alexander.
The offioer in command of Fort Alex-
ander which was farthest away from the
on-coming federals, deemed it more im-
portant to save his gunB than to try and
help Fort Gregg. Receiving no assis-
tance from its twin-brolher, Fort Gregg,
manned by Harris's Mississippi brigade,
numbering 250 undaunted men. breasted
intrepidly the tide of its multitudinous
assailants, Three times Gibbon's corps
surged up, and around the work—three
times, with dreadful carnage they were
driven back. I am told that it was sub-
sequently admitted by Gen. Gibbon, that
in carrying Fort Gregg he lost from five
to six hundred men;* or in other wordst
that each Mississippian Inside tbe works
struck down at least two assailants.—
When at last the work was carried there
remained, out of its 250 defenders, but
thirty survivors. In those nine memor-
able April days there was no episode
more glorious to tho Confederate ytns
than the heroio self immolation of tbe
Missifesippians in Fort Gregg, to gain
time for their comrades.
Fort Gregg fell about seven o'clock on
tbe morning of the 2*1. After a delay of
two or three hours, tbe federals swept
onward in the direction of Petersburg,
taking the Confederate lines en reverá.—
At this moment Longptreet, accompa-
nied by Booning's brigade of Field's di-
vision, about 170 bayonets strong, met
the on pouring flood, and ohnckod it long
enough to onable fresh troops to hurry
up in his rear, and to forts a fresh line in
front if Petersburg. Simultaneously in
an attempt of Heath's division to re-es-
tablish their lines. Gen. 4L P. Hill, (who
commanded tbe corps tot which IIontYs
division belonged,} lost <# litio y;;,;— ,-ur
nearly four years ho hud unflinchingly
exposed to nearly a hundred of his coun
try's battles. About the same moment
was dispalched^He -memorial telegram
which surpm^FJlr. Davis in church,
snd announcedjthat the last day of that
heroic resistaqJa whica had made Rich-
mond the inoal notable of beleaguered
o i ties bal at length arrived. The delay
purchased by tho obstinate defense of
Fort Gregg, and !>y Longstreel'e bold
handling of Benning's brigade,' saved
Petersburg until the tobacco and cotton
stored in that city oould be burned, apd
until leisurely preparation for its evacua-
tion could be made.
It is remarkable that no further on-
slaught was made by the federals thrru^h-
ou t the day, or during the evening, al-
though the flamos springing up in many
part of the town must have told their
own tale. At nightfall on tbe 2d all the
Confederate troops, about 4000 strong,
which remained under tlio command of
Gen, Esvell, to the north of James river,
fell back from their lines, and passed
through the bewildered streets of Bich-
mond, traversing, before daybreak, the
bridges over the James river, which were
so soon to given to the flames. About
eight on the night of the same 2d, the
Confederate troops also commonced leav-
ing Petersburg, their retreat being cov-
ered by Field's division under Longstreet.
Purfuit there was uone. It is probable
that already Giant was bending all bis
energies to get round and cut off Lee's
rotreat. The Petersburg section c f th-
Confederate troops, full of vigor and elan
orossed to the north side of the Appomat-
tox river on a pontoon bridge, and made
sixteen mileB during the first night of re
treat.
It would bo difficult to conceivo any
thing brighter or moro hopeful than the
tone of Gen. Lee's spirits on the morn-
ing of the 3d, "1 have got my army safe
out of its breastworks," be said, "and,
in order to follow me, my enemy must
abandon his lloea. and can derive no fur-
ther benefit from his railroads or from
the James river." There can be but lit-
tle doubt that Leo's design was to recruit
his army with rations which he hoped to
find in abundance at Amelia Court Ilouae.
and to fall iu detail upon the federals
who, breaking up into bodies of one or
two army corps, wire scattering all over
the ooantry with a view to a vigorous
pursuit. Two days rations at Amelia
Court Hovso for 40,000 mea would pos-
sible ImVé made a great difference in the
immediate, though, as I belie te, none in
the ultimate history of tbe continent of
North America.
There is little satisfaction in dwelling
in detail upon tbe five subsequent days,
for which a parallel must be sought on
tho banks of the Beresma, or in other
similar passages of military anguish.—
It is hardly necessary to state that at
Amelia Court House, Lee found not a
ration. I shall not piuse now to distrib
uto blame, or to investigate who was at
fault. All that I have to Btate Is tbat the
fault was not Lee's, whose orders on this
subject fur a fortnight past bad been ur-
gent and preoise. It became necessary
for Lee to break nearly balf his army up
into foraging parties to get food. The
country through whioh he was passing
was a tract of strajrgljng woods and pine
barrens, with occasional little'patchcs of
olearIrga. The foraging parties had to
g i to far a field in quest of food that they
were taken prisoners by wholesale. In
tbe faoe of such suffering as tbey left
behind, It can not be wondered at if some
of the poor fell^wajcourted capture.
■Those foragers who returned to Lee
brought little or flothinj with them. The
sufferings of the men from the pangs of
hunger has not been approached - in the
military annals of the past fifty years.
But the sufferings of the mules and the
borses must have been even keener; for
the men assuaged tbelr craviug by pluc-
king tbe btids and twigs of trees jnst
shooting in the early spring, wbereas the
grass had not yet started from its winter
sleep, and food for the unhappy quadru-
peds there was none. As early as the
morning of the 4tb Lee sent off balf his
artillery toward theJ}railroad te relieve
the famished horses. The artillery ma-
king slow progress, thanks to the exhaus-
tion of the horses, was captured by the
ferráis on tho 8th, but not until General
LiflLay Walker had buried many ot his
guusSwbich were of oourse subsequently
exhumed (seventy of them at one haul)
by their captore
It is easy to'see that the locomotion of
an army in such plight must have been
slow and slower. Th i retreat was con-
ducted ia the following fashion: About
midnight the Confederates slipped out of
thtir busty works, which tbey had thrown
up and held during tbe previous day, and
fell back until 10 or 12 o'clock the next
morning. Then tbey halted, and imme-
diately threw up ewrthworks, for their
protection during the day. It was not
long before the wolves were again on their
heels, and from their earthworks the
Confederates exchanged a heavy firewltb
their pursuers throughout the day. De-
layed with the necessity of guarding an
ammunition train from thirty-ÜVe to 40
miles in length, enfeebled by hunger and
sleeplessness, the retreating army was
only able to make ten miles each night.
The delay enabled the active Sheridan to
get ahead with his cavalry, and to destroy
tbe depots of provisions along tl)4 rail-
road between Burkeville and IJanville.—
Upon the 5th many of the mules and hor-
ses ceased to struggle. It becamo neces-
sury to burn hundreds of trogons. At in-
tervals the enemy's cavalry dashed in,
aud struck the interminable ammunition
train hero and there, capturing and burn-
ing dozens upon dozens of wagonB. To-
ward evening of the 5th, and all day of
the6lh, hundred of men dropped from
oxhaustien, and thousands let full their
muskets from inability to carry them any
farther.
The scenes of the 5th, 5th, 7th and
8th, were of a nature whioh o:.n bo up-
prehended in its vivid realty only by men
who are thoroughly familiar With tho
harrowing detiils of war. Behind, and
on either flank, an ubiquitous, and in-
creasingly adventurous enemy—every
mud hole aud every rise in tho road chok-
ed with blazing wagons—the air filled
with the deafening reports of ammunition
exploding, and shells bursting when
touched by the flames—dense columns of
smoke ascending to heaven from the
burning and exploding vehicles—exhaus-
ted men, and worn out and Dorses,
lytbg down side by tide, eeunt famine
glaiing hopelessly from sunken lack-lus-
ter eyes—dead mules, dead horses, dead
men everywhere, deoth, many tinto.'
welcomed as God's blosslng in dlggnise
—who can wonder if many hearts, tried
in the fiery furnace of f >ur years unpar-
alled suffering and never hitherto found
wanting should have quailed in presence
of starvation, fatigue, sleeplessness, mis-
ery—uifintemitted for five or six days,
and culminating in hopelessness?
Yet there was not wanting occasiona'
episodes which recalled something of the
old pride of former memories; and remin-
ded men that this hunted, famished
crowd was etill the samo army that had
won two Bull Runs, which had twioe (ill
pursuit of a fatal policy) trodden its ene-
my's soil, and had writtenFredericksburg,
Cbaucellorsville and a dozen other glo-
rious names upon its banners. On the
Gtli a largo body of federal cavalry, hav-
ing got ahead of Lee's of my and occuplcd
Race's station, was attacked by some
Confederate horse under Gon. Apsser,
who drove them off', capturing 680 pris-
oners. On the 7th, a heavy attack was
made upon Malione's division, and the
prowess of this active Confederate gene-
ral, so frequently exhibited during the
(act twelve mouths of the war, was main-
tained to tbe end, inasmuch as a federal
brigade, getting entangled in a ravine,
was surrounded by Malione's men, and
literally disappeared. On the evening of
the 7th, Gen. Gregg, with six or seven
thousand federal cavalry, mado a desper
ate attempt to' capture all the wagon
trains, lie wes gallantly met by two
thousand horsemen under Fitzliugh Lee.
and defeated. Grogg himself was cap-
tured.
Throughout these g'oomy days, rb an
offset to the countless Confederates cap-
tured while foraging, by tho federals,
numerous federal prisoners wore taken
by the Confederates, and beocme partici-
pants ol|i hunger and sufforing of which
they had no previous conception. I uiay
as well mention now that as the surren-
der becamo more inevitable Generals
Fitzbugh Lee and Rosser, with about 2000
Confederate cavalry, tacitly determined
not to be included in it, and started off
toward Lynchburg. On their road they
fell in with a federal supply train, and
burned 800 wagons. The scanty and
partial rations which weio issued on the
nigi t of the 9th to the starving Confede-
rates by their captors, were apoligized for
by the federals on the'ground of destruc-
tion of theso 800 wagons by Fitzbugh
Lee.
Tbe reader will have gathered that
when Gen. Lee found hts depots along tbe
Danville road destroyed by Sheridan be
bad no alternative but to make for
Lynohbutg. He still hoped to get rations
and return suddenly upon Grant, whose
army was dispersed into many columns.
Tbe fatigue of tbe pursuit, though unag
gravated by famine, was beginning to tell
upon the pursuers. But iu. pressing for
Lynchburg, Lee found himself in a dan-
gerous predicament. He was on a strip
of land, not more than seven or eight
miles broad, between. Ihe James and the
Appomattox rivers. On the afternoon of
the 7tb, Gen. Lee'i situation seemed so
unpromising that Grant, for the first
time, sent to propose surrender. Lee at
once replied tbat bis circumstance* did
not teem to him soch as to justify his
entertaining such a proposal. On the
morning of tbe 8th. Grant renewed bia
solicitations. Lee did not decline, but
debated the matter, calling a council of
war in the evening. No determlns'tion
was arrived at on the 8tb, and at midnight
the usual dreary retreat was resumed..—
Tbe springs of energy and will, unstrung
by long want of food, had run down iu the
men like tho machinery of a broken clock.
Hitherto tho retreat had been coverod by
Longstreet ajd Gordon alternately, hiit
now the federal force which bad got ahead
of Lee, and was obstructing his retreat,
had become so considerable that Gordon
was thrown out with two thousand men
in front, while the ' old bull dog," Gen'l
Longstreet, whose pluck neither hunger,
nor fatigue, nor depression could abate or
subdue, still cover id the rear.
At daybreak on the Otb a courier from
Gordon annouueed to Lee that a large
body of federal cavalry (in other words,
Sheridan's army) was ¿cross the road at
Appomattox oourthouse. At the same
moment a heavy finca of infantry uuder
Grant was pushing Longstreet vigorous-
ly in the reir. Butwi-oo Loúgstreet and
Gordon were tbe remaining wagons, iir.d
clinging to them thousands 'of unarmed
and famished stragglers too weak to carry
their muskets. Lee sent orders to Gor-
don to cut bis way through, coute quil
coute. Presently catno another 0 >urier
from Gordon annouuoiog that the enemy
was driving him back. Lee had at this
moment less than 30 000 men with mus-
kets in their hands. The futal moment
had indisputably come, Hastily douuing
his bust uniform, and buckling on his
sworJ, which it was novcr bis fashion to
wear. Gen. Lee turned sadly to the rear
to seek the final interview with General
Grant.
Tbero is no passage of history in this
heart breaking war which will, for years
to corito, be more honorably mentiuned
and gratefully remembered than the de-
meanor on the 9tb of April, 18G5. of Gen.
Grant toward Gen. Lee. I do not so
much allude to the facility with which
honorable terms were accorded to tbe
Confederates, as to the bearing cf Gen.
Grant aud of tho officers about him toward
Gon. Lee. The interview was very brief.
Three commissioners upou either side
were immediately appointed. The
agreement to which these six commis-
sioners acceded is known.
In tho meantime, immediately that
Gen. Lee was seen riding to the rear,
dressed more gaily than usual and begirt
with his sword, tho rumor of immediate
surrender flow like wildfire through the
Confederates. It might belmagined that
an army, which bad drawn its last reg-
ular rations on the 1st of April, and,
barrasscd incessantly by night and diy,
had boon marching and fighting until the
morning of the 9th, would bave welcomed
on) thing like a termination of its suffer-
ings, let it come in what form it.might.—
Let those who idly imagina that the finer
feelings aro the prerogative of what are
called the "upper classes" iearu from thie
similar scents to appreciate "common
men." As tbe great (Juufederntc Captain
rode back from his interview with Gob.
Grant, the news of the siirrcr.urr acquired
shu¡:e and consistency, ami could no
longer bo deulefl. The effect on the worn
and tattered troops—some of whom had
fought since Aprd. 180], and (-parse
survivors of butacombs of tullen com-
rade ) had passe.i u iscatbed tinou^li such
huriicanes of shot as within fouryeaiB
no otlier men had vver experienced—
passes mortal description. ,
Whole lines of battle rushed up to their
beloved old chief, and, choking with
emotion, broke ranks and struggled with
each other to wring him once more by the
hand. Men who had fought throughout
the war, and knpw what the agony and
humiliation ufthat moment it must bo to
htm, strove with a refinement of unsel-
iiíboess and tendcruess, which lie alone
could fully appreciate, to lighten his bur-
den and mitigate Ins pain. With tears
pouring down bjth cheeks. Gen. Leo at
length commanded voice enough to say,
'•J en, we havo fought through the «al-
together. 1 have done the best that 1
could for you." Not an «ye that looked
on that Bceno was dry. Nor was this the
(motion of sickly sentimentalists, but of
rough and rugged men, familiar with hard-
ship, danger and death iu a thousand
shapes, mastered by sympathy and feel-
ing for another, which they never expe-
rienced on their account. 1 know of no
other passage of military history equally
touohing, unless, iu spite of tho melo
dramatic coloring wbich French historians
have loVed to shed over the soor.e, it can
be found in tht! Adicux ds Fout inblcau.
It remains for me briefly to notice the
Inst parado of un army whereof tho ex-
ploits will buread with piideso long as
the English tongue is spoken. In pur-
suance of an arrangement of the six com-
missioners, the Confederate army march-
ed la divisions, on tho morning of April
tho 12th, to a spot on tho Appomattox
court house, where they stacked arms
and deposited accoutrements, Upon this
solemn occasion Major General Gibbon
resented the United States authorities,
itli the same exalted and conspicous
S3
r*p
Wi
portion to the reader's estimate of the
sustained heroism with which Gens. Leo
and Longstreet, for four years boro up and
stood erect under such a burden as uever
yot was laid upon man, will be his ap-
preciation of tho circumstances and the
emotions under which their parting in-
terview took place.
FRANCIS LAWLEY,
A Wisconsin court lately dfffi!Jad that
a man has a right to chastise his wife to
a 'reasonable extent."
If the man is to be thejudge as to what
is a ' reasonable extout," many a poor
woman, Willi a brute of a husbaud, will
suffer in the flesh, Wisconsin is a v^/y
progressiva State. Another evidenco of
this fact is to bo found in tb.i Legislature
of that State instructing Senator Doolit-
tle to reiigu because no refused to do
wrong. The court and tho Legislatura
must be well matched.— [Ex.
delicacy which he had exhibited through-
out these closiujj-scene . Gon. Grant was
not again visible after his final interview
with Gen. Lee. About 7800 Confederates
marched with their musket in their
hands, nnd they were followed by about
18,000 unarmed stragglers, who claimed
to bo included in the capitulatirn. Each
Confedeiate soldier was furnished with
printed form of parole, which was filled
up for him by his own officers, and a
duplicate handed to a designated federal
officer. By the evening of tbe 12th tbe
paroles were generally distributed, and
tbe disbanded men began to scatter thro'
the couutry. Hardly one of thorn had a
farthing of money. Soma of them had
from 1500 to 2000 miles lo travel, over a.
country of which the scanty railroads
wreutterly annihilated. Many an inter-
esting diary of the adventures of these
individuals, ts they journeyed from Eas-
tern Virginia to Western Texas, or pos-
sibly to Alexioo, may well liavo been
written. It is to be hoped that one or
two such will yet be given to tho world.
Shortly after noon on tbe 12th, Gen.
Lee, escorted by a guard of honor el
federal oavalry, mounted his horse for the
last tiuie, and started for Richmond.—
On the road he arrive! about evening at
the bssdqusrtsrs of bis ''old wsr horse,"
Gen. Longstreet, snd the last and saddest
of their many interviews took place.—
i'hey are scenes which are too aacred and
sffeciing for description, even though tbe
pen were guided by a Macaulay or a Hoff-
man. Jf ever there were two gonuine
simple minded men upon earrti to whom
anything melo dramatic or theatrical is
utterly abhorrent, they are tbe men of
« ho I am now writing, I close this brief
chronicltt with tho remark that in pro
JosU Hilling on the Mule.
Josh Billings has finally got after the
mule,¿and discourses of bim widely:
The mule is buf boss and haf jacka«g,
and then comes to a full stop, nature
having diükovcred hor mistake. Tha
weigh moro akordin to their heft, than
onny other kireter, except a crowbar.—
Tha kant hear enny quicker, nor fulher.
than a hoss, yet their ears are big enuff
for snow shoes. You can trust thorn
with enny one whose lif« aintworih enny
more than the mules. Tho.only wa lu
keep them into a paster, is tu turn them
into a modder fencing, end let them
jump out. Tha aro redd y for use ju=t as
soon as they will do tu abuse. Tbey haut
got enny friends, and will live ott kuckcl
berry brush, with an occasioual cbanse at
Ktiuada thissels: Tha are a iuoden| iu-
vensbun: 1 don't think the bible deludes
tu them at all. Tha sell for more money
than enny other domestic aaimal. You
kaut tell their age by looking into tbeir
mouth enny more than yu ku!d a Mexi-
can cannon. Tha never bave no diseaso
that a good club wont heal. If tlia ever
dio tha must kum right to' life again, for
I never heard nobody sa "ded mule.,,
Tha are like eoine men. very corrupt at
harto, ivo known thorn tu bo good for 0
mouths, just to get a chance tu kick
somebody. I never owned one, and nev-
er mean tu unless tbero is a United
States law passed requiring it. tho ouly
reason why tha arc pashunt, is bokase tha
uro ashamed of themselves. 1 have seen
edi'saled mules iu a sitkus. Tba could
kick, and bite treinonjus. I wuild not
say what I am forced to sa agin tho mulo
if b¡3 birth wuiit an ( Utrtige, find man
want tu blamo for it. Enny mau who is
willing tu drive a mulo, eug-ht to bo ex-
empt by law from running for t^; if ;-*
latur. Tha ','ue strongest creeters on
earth, and heaviest akordmg tu their sise;
I herd toil of one who oph from tli.e two
path ou tho £rio kauawl, and Bunk as
soon rk lie touched tho bottom, but lie
kept right on towing the boat in the uext
sfashum, breathing through his oars,
which stuck out about 2 feel 0 inches,—
I didn't seo this docd, but an auctioneer
told me ov it, and I never knew an auc-
tioneer tu lie unless it was absolutely
convenient.
«-.<•
Massachusetts Slavery
A few yenrn ago slavery was tolerated
in Massachusetts, and the newspapers fill-
ed with advertisements relating to negroes
l'he following specimens, gathered .from
old Massachusetts papers aro furnithed
by Air. Moore, librarian of the NowYork
Historical Society, snrl recently publish-
ed by him. Oueof them offers for sale:
Very good Barbadoes rum nnd a young
uegro that has hod tho smallpox.
Another trade offers:
Likely Negro men and women just ar-
rived.
Another has:
Negro men, new, and negro boys, who
have been in tho country for same time;
also, jusc arrived; a choice parcel of negro
boys and girls-
Mote marvelous is another of the fol-
lowing tenor:
A Negro child soon expected, of a good
breed, may be owned by any person in-
clined to tako it.
Here is one sample more, to complote
the assortement:
To be sold, an extraordinary likely ne-
gro woman, seventeen years old; she can
je warranted to be strong, healthy aud
aood-natured; bus no notion of freedom)
has been always used to a farmer's kitch-
en and dairy, and is not known to havo
any failing but being with child, which is
the only cait o of her being sold.
The New Haven Register says: ''It
seeu.s that in those very pious days of
Massachusetts, it was cheaper to buy ne-
groes there, ready grown; than to pay far
feeding arid clothings their infants while
too young to woik. Their good men
were loo stingy lo pay for taking rare of
helpless children, and so sold tlio moth-
ers into slavcrj to get lid of them. They
were not then up to tho modern Massa-
chusetts ways of getting rid of children,
by which, their statistics show, the pres-
ent native peculation, though four times
as largo as the foreign residents of that
Stato bare annually, a less number of lh«
children burn ulive, tbau have the small
foreign population.
WnoKsows Bkst?—Wo were highly
• mused lust evening, says ait exchange,
at hearing the following story told by a
person in illustration of tha peculiar logic
of an opponent: The speaker said a few
years ago he was living in Missouri, and
his neighbor had it negro named Ephe,
who was a regular attendant at churoh,
and was proud of his bibl#earniog. Ho
was Sawing wood one day, while his msB'
ter's son, a lad of about twelve year , was
looking on, aud now and tbeu asking
question .
"Which of the apostles does you liko
best?" asked-Ephe.
'■Well, I don't know," drawled the
boy.
"I likes Sampson," said Epbe; "be was
>o strong, aud piled up dem wicked folks
so."
•'Why, Ephe," replied the boy," Sam*
son was not one of the apostles."
Ephe put down his aaw, and looked at
tbe vouDgster a moment in amazement,
and then be asked him, with an air of
triumph. "Look here, white boy, how old
am you?"
OTwehe,'' replied the boy.
• "Well, 1'so forty; now, who ought to
know beet? I ax jsu dst."
f
Jk_..
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Thompson, S. C. & Thompson, H. C. The San Antonio Ledger. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 4, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 2, 1867, newspaper, March 2, 1867; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth179472/m1/1/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.