Soil Survey of Jackson County, Texas Page: 24
vii, 147, [2] p., 50 folded p. of plates : ill., maps (some col.) ; 28 cm.View a full description of this book.
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Soil Survey
The hazard of water erosion is moderate.
Included with this soil in mapping are small areas of
Dacosta and Marcado soils and small areas of eroded
soils in drainageways. Dacosta soils are in landscape
positions similar to those of the Laewest soil. Marcado
soils are on narrow side slopes along creeks and rivers.
Included soils make up less than 15 percent of the map
unit.
This Laewest soil is used mainly as range or pasture.
The characteristic native vegetation is open grassland
dominated by mid and tall grasses.
This soil is well suited to crops. Grain sorghum and
corn are the main crops. Maintaining favorable soil
structure and tilth is difficult. The soil can be cultivated
only within a narrow range in moisture content. Good
management practices include leaving crop residue on
the surface, applying a system of timely and limited
tillage, and using proper crop rotations. Incorporating
crop residue into the soil helps to maintain favorable
soil structure and tilth and increases the rate of water
intake. Terracing, farming on the contour, and
establishing protected terrace outlets are necessary
management practices in places. Applications of
fertilizer are needed to increase yields.
This soil is well suited to improved pastures of
bermudagrass and Gordo bluestem. Applications of
fertilizer, weed and brush control, a controlled grazing
system, and proper stocking rates help to improve and
maintain productivity.
This soil is poorly suited to most urban and
recreational uses. The very slow permeability is a
limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields. The
clayey texture, the very high shrink-swell potential, and
low strength are limitations affecting building
foundations and streets and roads. The high corrosivity
to uncoated steel is a limitation affecting the installation
of public utilities. The very slow permeability and the
clayey texture are limitations affecting recreational
development. Most of these limitations can be
overcome by proper design and careful installation.
Areas of this soil provide habitat for dove and quail.
The Attwater prairie chicken inhabits a few well
managed areas of range. Mottled ducks inhabit some
areas, primarily for nesting cover.
This soil is in capability subclass lie and the
Blackland range site.
LaD3-Laewest clay, 5 to 8 percent slopes,
eroded. This very deep, moderately sloping soil is in
drainageways and coastal bays. Areas are long and
narrow and range from 30 to 200 acres in size.
Undisturbed areas have gilgai microrelief characterized
by microknolls and microdepressions. In most areas
some of the original surface layer has been removed byerosion. Most areas have rills and shallow gullies that
are 5 to 15 inches deep, 3 to 10 feet wide, and 50 to
200 feet apart. Many areas that once had shallow
gullies have been smoothed and planted to
bermudagrass.
Typically, the surface layer in the center of the
microdepressions is slightly alkaline, black clay about
12 inches thick. The subsoil extends to a depth of 64
inches. From a depth of 12 to 24 inches, it is
calcareous, moderately alkaline, very dark gray clay;
from a depth of 24 to 42 inches, it is calcareous,
moderately alkaline, grayish brown clay that has
brownish mottles; and from a depth of 42 to 64 inches,
it is calcareous, moderately alkaline, light gray clay that
has brownish mottles. Below this, from a depth of 64 to
80 inches, is calcareous, moderately alkaline, light
brownish gray clay that has yellowish mottles.
This soil is moderately well drained. Permeability is
very slow, and the available water capacity is high.
Water enters the soil rapidly when the soil is dry and
has cracks but enters it very slowly when it is wet and
does not have cracks. The root zone is deep, but the
content of clay impedes the movement of air and water
and the penetration of roots. Surface runoff is very high.
The hazard of water erosion is severe.
Included with this soil in mapping are small areas of
Dacosta and Marcado soils and areas of soils that have
short, steep, narrow slopes. Dacosta soils are in the
higher positions on the landscape. Marcado soils are in
landscape positions similar to those of the Laewest soil.
The short, steep, narrow slopes are 10 to 15 feet high.
They are along bays and river channels. Included soils
make up less than 20 percent of the map unit.
The Laewest soil is used mainly as range or pasture.
The characteristic native vegetation is open grassland
dominated by mid and tall grasses.
This soil is poorly suited to crops. Careful
management is needed to increase the rate of water
intake and to help control runoff. Good management
practices include leaving crop residue on the surface to
control water erosion and conserve moisture. Terracing,
farming on the contour, and establishing protected
terrace outlets are necessary management practices.
Applications of fertilizer are needed to increase yields.
This soil is well suited to improved pastures of
bermudagrass and Gordo bluestem. Applications of
fertilizer, weed and brush control, a controlled grazing
system, and proper stocking rates help to improve and
maintain productivity.
This soil is poorly suited to most urban and
recreational uses. The clayey texture, the very high
shrink-swell potential, and low strength are limitations
affecting building foundations and streets and roads.
The high corrosivity to uncoated steel is a limitation24
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Miller, Wesley L. Soil Survey of Jackson County, Texas, book, May 1997; Washington D.C.. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth224539/m1/34/: accessed April 23, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.