The ACEF Journal, Volume 3, Issue 2, September 2013 Page: 31
43 p. : col. ill.View a full description of this periodical.
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Hayduk III
Once mobile barriers have been utilized, the next step is to influence pedestrian traffic
flow around the venue. Using low forms of permanent concrete barriers, which are knee-to-chest
high and in architectural agreement with the stadium, can enable venue design to influence the
flow of patrons. These barriers can also double as seating. Statues, monuments, elegant
bollards, fixed garbage cans, and raised plaques commemorating past accomplishments can also
influence pedestrian movement. These permanent structures should give way to open areas
directly before gate entry locations, where temporary barriers can be erected on game days and
removed thereafter. The need to amass temporary barriers and other security materials (e.g.,
traffic cones, signage, etc.) necessitates the incorporation of adequate storage rooms along the
perimeter into the design of the stadium.
An important element to perimeter control is the use of cameras. In recent years, vast
technological improvements to camera capabilities have been made. Stadium designers should
remember to incorporate infrastructure needed to properly supply high-tech cameras with power
and protection from inclement weather. Cameras should be positioned to provide a complete
360-degree view of the venue perimeter. Furthermore, designers must take into account
potential additions and renovations which could be made to the stadium in the future. Likewise,
once renovations or additions have occurred, security perimeters and protocols will need to be
updated.
Another security topic is parking and vehicle entry. Each stadium will have its own set
of limiting factors which must be addressed on a venue-by-venue basis. One method to regulate
vehicle entry is to stagger times when certain classes of vehicles may enter the venue. During
these staggered times, preferably before the event, everything which enters the outer perimeter
(e.g., media truck, food vendor delivery) would get screened beforehand. Once within the outer
perimeter, media and emergency vehicles would remain in stationary locations which do not
impede patron movement or create logistical hazards. Stadium designers should consider
providing access to outdoor power and utilities.
When monitoring vehicles in and around a facility during a busy game day, strict
enforcement of policies and procedures is essential. Stadium managers can effectively control
access to certain roads by utilizing temporary concrete barriers, temporary metal blockades, and
bollards. In addition, creating special entrances for patron vehicles, small-scale delivery trucks,
large trucks, media buses, team transportation, and emergency and medical vehicles can aid
monitoring of vehicles in and around the stadium. Last, vehicle checkpoints should be located as
far away from the venue as possible, along the outermost perimeter; thereby, promoting a secure
venue.
Another consideration involves observing and monitoring spectators as they enter the
venue. Providing venue staff with multiple means to evaluate security is essential because there
is no replacement for human observation. For security officers, portable raised platforms are one
method to gain a birds-eye view across an extended area. It is important to utilize the
surrounding geography and stadium infrastructure when positioning ticket scanning points.
Using natural choke point areas will result in easier crowd observation during entry.
Furthermore, ticket exchange methods (e.g., portable booths on wheels) and "will call" ticket
pickup should be located near entry areas. Utilizing metal barricades are highly encouraged to
direct patron lines as efficiently as possible. Another means to count, monitor, and regulate
patron entry is the use of mobile turnstiles. These physical considerations should be easy to
disassemble to allow for unexpected crowd egress. Therefore, incorporating storage facilities for
these mobile items into the design of the stadium is critical. For situations requiring moreVol. 3, No. 2, 2013
33
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American Clearinghouse on Educational Facilities. The ACEF Journal, Volume 3, Issue 2, September 2013, periodical, September 2013; Stephenville, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth353216/m1/31/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Tarleton State University.