The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 14, July 1910 - April, 1911 Page: 220
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Texas Historical Association Quarterly
by 1725 possessed concerning them considerable definite knowledge.
From the correspondence of the period thus far covered we can de-
termine the ideas of the soldiers and priests in regard to the loca-
tion, organization, numbers, and general customs of the Apaches
with whom they had been dealing. Up to this time very little dis-
tinction, if any, was made between the different Apache tribes, but
all were included, as has been stated, under the generic name of
"Apaches." Not only were the Texas Apaches included under this
term, but those of New Mexico as well, together, embracing, as they
said, a range of more than five hundred leagues.'
a. Location.--It is clear that during this period the Apaches
known at San Antonio were living far to the northwest. Domingo
Cabello, who was governor of Texas in 1784 and who wrote an his-
torical sketch of the Apaches, says that at the time under consid-
eration they lived along the Rio del Fierro, three hundred leagues
"from the province of Texas." The Rio del Fierro seems to be
the Wichita.2 According to Cabello's statement, the Apaches lived
in that region until about 1723, when they were defeated by the
Comanches, their greatest foes, in a nine days' battle, and forced
to seek safety in flight.8 Going southward, they chose as their
new home the region between the upper Colorado and Brazos rivers,
at a distance of some one hundred and twenty leagues from the
"province of Texas." Even here, says Cabello, they did not feel
safe from the attacks of the Comanches, and began to explore the
land to the south with the view of moving again in case of neces-
sity.4 Cabello's assertion as to the location of the Apaches is
borne out by the various documents of this period. When Flores
made his campaign in 1723 he marched for more than a month
before reaching the Apacheria, going, he tells us, a distance of one
hundred and thirty leagues, or perhaps some two hundred and
sixty miles, northwest from San Antonio. This agrees substan-
tially with Cabello's statement. The length of time consumed by
the woman in her embassy to her people5 indicates that the Apaches
'Auditor's parecer, January 27, 1724, in Autos Iechos. Texas, 32.
2B. MS. Notes.
'Bancroft, in his Arizona and New Mexico, page 239, tells of a great
battle in 1724, when the Comanches attacked the Apaches at Jicarilla.
4Cabello, Informe, -32-33.
'See page 210.220 ,
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 14, July 1910 - April, 1911, periodical, 1911; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101054/m1/244/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.