The Canadian Crescent. (Canadian, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 27, 1888 Page: 3 of 8
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THE CANADIAN CRESCENT.
TRTjJTMAir E. KOLEB, Editor h PnVr,
PUBLISHED EVERT THURSDAY AT
CANADIAN- - TEXAS.
GOOD-BYE SWEET WORLDI
Good-bye, sweet world! to me so passing fair,
Despite the misery, the waat and s n
That shadow sunlight and make foul the air
Beyond the fiower-wall that shuts me in.
To me thy sunny side did*st ever turn,
Since of this mortal life I first drew breath,
But not the best thou hadst to give could be
Ought of defense against the serpent-
Death !
In this last hour of passionate regret
My heart doth cling to thee in fond farewell;
Thy smiling face hath power to charm me yet.
Thy changing joys still hold me in their
spelL
From the far land to which I soon must pass,
Shall I not turn with home-sick longing here,
To see again in spring the greening grass-
To hear the birds sing greeting to the year?
Where, all undimmed, the sun in glory shines,
No cool, gray clouds upon the hills will rest;
Or breaking, send the rain in slanting lines
To wake the daisies on the earth's warm
breast.
In that bright region of eternal day.
The summer moon no more my eyes will
meet,
Pouring, midst pleiades and milky way,
Its lucid, silver radiance to my feet.
Shall I not sigh for evening's quiet close,
Where there doth come no night to follow
morn—
To taste the fragrance of the dew-damp rose,
Or pluck pale lilies in the rosy dawn?
Will not my youthful spirit shrink apart,
With sense of strangeness in a world un-
known?
Can those long dead there satisfy my heart.
Whose memory the years have overgrown?
Where Seraphim and Cherubim do cry
In joyful unison—a shining band-
No well-known face to seek with eager eye,
Nor leel the clasp of a familiar hand.
Saviour! Lord! receive my doubting soul,
Home, kindred, friends I lose, to find in
Thee.
My spirit hold in Thy supreme control,
Content to rest through all eternity!
—6'lara Grundy Beirut*, in, Good Housekeeping.
AFRICAN' DWARFS.
Facta Concerning the Smallest
People Extant.
Interesting Accounts by Explorers—Their
Varied Peculiarities and Mode of Life
— Skillful Hunters and Savage
Fighters.
None of the remarkable discoveries
made by explorers in the depths of
Africa has ever excited deeper interest
than Schweinfurth's vivid description
of the Akka dwarfs whom he found in
the northeastern part of the Congo
basin. Living* among tribes of splen-
did physical development, these little
people, from four feet to four feet six
inches in height, are noted for their
courage and agility, for their prowess
as hunters, and for their unusual dex-
terity in the use of the bow and spear.
In a recent lecture in London Prof.
Flower, director of the Natural History
Museum, described them as the small-
est people in the world, and expressed
the opinion, now generally held, that
they and their relatives south of the
Congo are pigmies who were known
to the Greeks, and of whom Herodotus
and Aristotle gave descriptions that
were long believed to be fanciful.
The industry of four great travelers,
who took up the "work of exploration
where Stanley left it, has now supplied
lis with considerable information about
the remarkable Betwa dwarfs, who are
spread in little communities through
the densely wooded regions south of
the great northern bend of the Congo.
They have been found in districts
about four hundred miles apart and in
much of the intervening regions that
are still little unknown. They have
been studied by Wolf, near the Lulua
river, still further east by Wissmann
in the interminable forests which sun-
light hardly penetrates north of the
Sankuru, by Grenfell and Von Francois
on the Bussera and Tchuapa rivers,
and by Grenfell on the Lubilash, south-
west of Stanley Falls. These discov-
eries were made in the years 1885 and
1886, but the explorers were too busy
accumulating facts to prepare them for
public perusal, and we have had only
the most fragmentary allusions to
these unique and interesting little
folks until the writings of Wolf, Wiss-
mann and Von Francois were published
in Germany this summer.
One day Dr. Wolf was pushing
through the forests east of the Lulua
river, when he suddenly came upon a
little glade in which were about twenty
tumbledown beehive huts, the homes
of the Batwa. He had seen a few of
these little people, kept as hunters at
the towns of big chiefs, but this was
the first time he had met them in their
own poorly cared for villages. Some
of them could speak the language of
the Bakuba, the great tribe which
claims this region, but they were so
awestruck by the white man's sudden
advent that they would hardly utter a
word. A crowd of nearly a hundred
coffee-brown little folks, none of them
larger than children two-thirds grown,
stood timidly at a distance and sur-
veyed the visitors in wonder. Dr. Wolf
won théir confidence so far at last
that they permitted him to approach,
and, unobserved by the natives, he
took the heights of many of them on a
spear shaft. These and later measure-
ments by Dr. Wolf of full-grown adults
vary from four feet three inches to
four feet seven and one-half inches.
The average height, according to the
several authorities, seems to be about
four feet five inches. Unlike the
Akka, the Batwa are not unusually
prognathous, nor have they dispropor-
tionately large abdomens, but they are
compact, well-built little creatures,
without any physical peculiarity ex-
cept their small size. Lieutenant
Wissmann, however, received quite an
unfavorable impression of the Batwa
from the few specimens he saw among
the Bassonga, whom he describes as
dwelling in tiny huts, despised by their
neighbors, ill-shaped, and woebegone
specimens of humanity.
All through the great forest region
may be found these nomad hunters. In
little bands of eight or more families
they build their grass huts wherever
game Í3 plentiful, live there a few
months and then move on to other
hunting grounds. Here and there in
the woods they dig pits about eight
feet deep, which they cover with
branches and turf, and in these traps
they catch elephants, hippopotami and
buffaloes,which are often impaled upon
sharp stakes driven into the bottom
of the pits. They also hunt large
game with the bow and spear.
They can not kill an elephant at once
with their weapons, but they seldom lose
an animal they once wound. Von
Francois says that, lying in ambush,
they attack the largest game, and fol-
low it if necessary for days. Whenever
the wounded animal halts it becomes
the target for a fresh shower of spears,
and finally weakened by loss of blood
it falls an easy prey. The cunning
pigmies incur small loss of weapons in
these long chases after elephants and
buffaloes. Their arrow and spear
heads are barbed and can not drop out
of the wound, neither do they lose the
spear shafts, for they are fastened by
stout cords to the head, and if the
animal in his flight brushes against
trees, the shafts, instead of falling to
the ground, merely dangle against his
sides.
It is not usual for explorers to find
the Batwa timid and undemonstrative,
like the first villagers that Dr. Wolf
met. They have earned the reputation
of being very ugly and pugnacious lit-
tle fellows. In war they use poisoned
arrows. They take the warpath at
night, steal noiselessly up to the sleep-
ing village of the enemy, fire the huts,
and kill the people with arrows and
spears by the light of their burning
houses. Their fallen foes and their
prisoners become food at cannibal
feasts, for the Batwa, like the Akka,
are numbered among the anthropop-
hagi of Africa. Their fame as fight-
ers has traveled far, and the natives
who accompanied Grenfell and Von
Francois were panic-stricken when
they first saw a dwarf. One of their
peculiarities is the fact that on their
numerous marches they do not sleep
by camp fires at night, like other na-
tives, but stretch themselves on the
branches of trees, which they clasp
with arms and legs, and there peace-
fully and safely slumber, out of the
reach of wild beasts.
"Don't go near the dwarfs," was
the admonition of the Congo natives
to Grenfell. 44 They permit no one to
enter their country. They poison
their weapons. They are the ugliest
of mortals, and have great heads with
bearded chins upon the smallest of
bodies.'' Sure enough, Grenfell and'
Von Francois found beard on the face
of many a Batwa, but the heads of
the dwarfs are not disproportionately
large, and their features not especially
ugly. Unlike the Akka, who are
nearly naked, the Batwa wear a wide
strip of native cloth around their
loins. Unskilled in any arts, save
those of war and the chase, they
chiefly depend for their weapons,
their grain and vegetables upon the
tribes of large people near whom
they live, most of whom ac-
knowledge their inferiority as hunters
to the 6atwa, and gladly encourage
them to barter their loads of game
for products of the garden, brass wire
and beads. The Batwa use these Euro-
pean commodities to buy wives, and
throughout the wide region tbey in-
habit they are thus becoming gradual-
ly merged with the surrounding peo-
ples. Not a few communities of pure
Batwa have been found, but mixed
breeds are also common. The Batwa
and the Akka, it is believed, are the
remnants of a once very numerous
race, and both are gradually dying
out, victims of the more powerful
tribes around them and of their in-
ferior attainments in the arts of living.
Many of the Batwa children die for
lack even of such imperfect care as
most savage mothers give their off-
spring. There seems to be little ma-
ternal affection, and in flight the tiny
mothers have often been known to
abandon their babies to their fate.
At the furthest points reached on
both the Bussera and Tchuapa rivers,
about two hundred and fifteen miles
apart, the continued advance of the
little steamer Peace was rendered
impossible by the frantic hostility of
the Batwa and their neighbors. Von
Francois, one of the most graphic
writers and accomplished geographers
who have visited Africa make a lively
picture of the howling little demons
on the shores of the Bussera, showing
hundreds of arrows that, slimy with
poison, dashed against the steel net-
work which protected the steamer or
stuck in the wooden sun roof. He
gives us a vivid idea of the agility and
acrobatic accomplishments of these
people two hundred and fifteen miles
away on the Tchupa. He saw the little
warriors clamboring along precipitous
slopes abo^« the river, where there
seemed hardly a foothold; saw them
swinging like monkeys from limb to
limb of trees, and climbing out on
branches overhanging the water so
that they might speed their arrows at
shorter range against the pufiing and
impertinent monster that had dared to
intrude upon the privacy of the little
folks. He heard their ear-splitting
yells, which were wholly out of pro-
portion to their physical insignifi-
cance. Grenfell is a man of peace,
and, unlike some other explorers, he
did not choose to shoot lead at them.
A few blank cartridges, however, had
an excellent moral effect when the
enemy took to canoes and seemed bent
on making a prize of the little vessel.
What is the past history of these
most unique and extraordinary of Af-
rican races? We are not likely to have
a complete answer to this question.
As yet we have had only a glimpse of
them, and the study of their languages,
traditions and habits may throw light
upon their past. All our present evi-
dence points to the probability that
they have descended from the earliest
inhabitants of the continent. We
know something of the migrations of
the tribes around them, and there
may yet be fonnd evidence to show the
correctness of the hypothesis that the
Akka north and the Batwa south of
the Congo, the Doko, of Abyssinia; the
Obongo, of the Gaboon, and the bush-
men, of South Africa, are remnants
of one great family.—N. Y. Sun.
THE PRESIDENT'S LETTER.
SENSELESS REPINING.
A Feeling Which Betrays Weakness of a
Most Despicable Character.
When we are suffering under the
pressure of our distresses, whether
they be of regular continuance, or
have come upon us of a sudden, we are
apt to imagine that no individual in
the surrounding world is so unfortu-
nate as we are, or, perhaps, that we
stand altogether by ourselves in calam-
ity, or, at the most, belong to a small
body of unfortunates, forming an ex-
ception to all the rest of mankind.
We look to a neighbor, and, seeing
that he is not afflicted with any open
or palpable grievances, and makes no
complaint of any which are hidden
from our eyes, we conclude that he is
a man entirely fortunate and thor-
oughly happy, while we are never
free from trouble of one kind or an-
other, and, in fact, appear as the very
step-children of Providence.
For every particular evil which be-
sets us we find a contrast in the exact-
ly opposite circumstances of some
other person, and by the pains of envy,
perhaps, add materially to the real ex-
tent of our distresses. Are we con-
demned to severe toil for our daily
bread, the«i, we look to him who gains
it by some means which appear to us
less laborious. Have we little of
worldly wealth, then do we compare
ourselves with the affluent man, who
not only commands all those neces-
saries of which we can barely obtain a
sufficiency, but many luxuries besides,
which we only know by name. Are
we unblessed with the possession of
children, we pine to see the super-
abundance which characterizes another
family, where they are far le«s earn-
estly desired. Are we bereft of a suc-
cession of tenderly beloved friends or
relatives, we wonder at the felicity of
certain persons under our observation,
who never know what it is to wear
mourning.
In short, no evil falls to our lot but
we are apt to think ourselves its al-
most sole victims, and we either over-
look a great deal of the corresponding
vexations of our fellow-creatures, or
think, in our anguish, that they are
far less than ours.
Such repining is weak and senseless.
Whoever finds thai he is becoming ad-
dicted to it should resolutely brace up,
and compel himself to take a morr
cheerful view of things.—N. Y. Ledger.
The Stereotyped Answer.
Mr. Inkling (who aspires to author-
ship and matrimony, to his intimate
friend, bitterly)—Well, I've seen her.
I did it; it's over!
44 Ah, indeed, and what was the re-
sult?"
"Oh, just the same as usual: 'De-
clined, with thanks.' "—Life.
—In giving some hints to writers for
the press, The Writer lays down one
rule that will meet with unanimous
approval among journalists: "Before
setting out to roll a manuscript always
commit suicide."
What Some of the Leading Papers of the
Country Say About It.
New York Times (Ind.): We are deeply mis-
taken as to the spirit of the American people
if this letter does not command general re-
spect and secure the adhesion to it of many
voters whose minds have been hitherto unde-
cided.
Pittsburgh Post: The letter as a whole is a
strong document It is clear, sharp and
forcible. Not too prolix nor unnecessarily
abbreviated. It will rank with Mr. Cleveland's
other utterances as a fearless, able and char-
acteristic production. There is no effort to
dodge any thing.
Cincinnati Enquirer: Those who have long
predicted that Cleveland's letter would exhibit
a retreat from the doctrine of his last annual
message will be sorely disappointed. Those
who have hoped that it would recede not an
inch from the ground then taken will be pro-
foundly pleased. There is no shadow of waver-
ing, no suspicion of weakness, in its whole con-
tents.
New York Herald: Mr. Cleveland might have
permitted his Administration to speak for itself,
and, like General Grant, being content with a
brief, courteous letter of acceptance. With
consummate tact and candor the President
keeps the campaign upon its one true line.
Mr. Cleveland's attitude will recall that of
President Jackson when he was nominated to
the Presidency. * * * President Cleveland
now declares his intention to rearrange the
tariff for the purpose of stimulating domestic
industries. That is the very essence of pro-
tection, and the statesman who is governed by
that motive is, in the strictest sense of the
word, a protectionist.
St. Louis Republic: Mr. Cleveland's letter of
acceptance is a genuine Cleveland document-
clear, emphatic, straightforward and unainbig
uous. Upon no single point can the charge of
hedging or evasion be made against it. It re-
inforces the demand for tariff reform and tax
reduction and states with luminous clearness
the reasons why such reform and reduction are
necessary. The paragraph on trusts places
the commander-in-chief of the Republican
party far down at the bottom of an abyssmal
hole, and the treatment of the "free-trade"
scare is refreshing in its appeal to the judg-
ment, the understanding and the conscience of
plain citizens.
Chicago Times: If there could have been any
doubt about the issue of the pending campaign
heretofore there can be none now. It is, shall
or shall not the present unjust and excessive
tariff tax be reduced? That it has not been re-
duced, the President takes pains to show, has
not been the fault of his Administration or his
party. That it* will be reduced is clearly
pledged in case it is ever within the power of
the President and his party to make the reduc-
tion. For the first time in twenty-eight vyears
the issue is thus squarely and irrevocably made
and the neoole must decide it.
Nashville (Tenn.) American: President Cleve-
land's letter of acceptance is a clear, concise,
correct and able enunciation of the principles
and purposes of our Government. It is the
work of a statesman who loves his people and
his country, and whose regard for their welfare
overshadows all other purposes; indeed, it
seems that he almost rose above party differ-
ences in considering the questions that are be-
fore the public mind for settlement in the
Presidential election. His position upon every
question and the purpose and policy of the
Democracy in their adjustment under his ad-
ministration and the benefits to be derived
therefrom are clearly defined.
New York World: The President's letter of
acceptance has lost nothing in courage, clear-
ness and comprehensiveness by his delay,
though it might perhaps have gained in brevity
by coming sooner. Yet the letter is not too
long to be read carefully by every voter who
really desires to see an able and honest state-
ment of the Democratic position upon the
great issues now before the country. Tax re-
duction through tariff reform is, of course,
the chief of these issues, and upon this the
President adheres to the lines of his message.
He has never failed to show the full courage of
his convictions upon any question in which he
was interested. Those who looked for any
flinching or dodging on the question will be dis-
appointed. Upon the other issues of the cam-
paign the letter is equallv explicit and sound.
NOTES AND COMMENTS.
Brother Blaine, the Republican
Bull of the Woods, continues to defend
€
the trusts; but the trusts, Blaine and
the Republican party will have to go.
—Atlanta Constitution.
The taxation of luxuries pre-
sents no features of hardship, but the
necessaries of life, used and consumed
by all the people, should be greatly
cheapened.—Cleveland?s Message.
With an unalterable hatred of
all such schemes (trusts) we count the
checking of their baleful operations
among the good results promised by
revenue reform.—Grover Cleveland.
If trusts are "private affairs,"
with which it is improper for the au-
thorities to interfere, why wouldn't it
be well to put pocket picking in the
same category? We can't have too
much of a good thing.—N. Y. Herald.
The rejection of the fisheries
treaty by the Republican Senators is a
tame and feeble mode of attacking
Canada compared with the vigorous
scheme propounded by the Democratic
President.—London {Eng.) Standard.
Certain great North American
trusts can not help shedding tears
when they read Mr. Blaine's ingenious
defense of them. They are like the
thief who never realized what a deep-
ly-wronged man he was until he heard
his lawyer's arguments before a jury.
—Chicago News.
The presence of the Chinese in
our country, although it might be ad-
vantageous as furnishing a set of
cheap and efficient laborers, carries
with it such disadvantages that they
more than countervail ail the benefits
we could derive from their presence.
—Allan O. Thurman, in Senate, 1879.
Of the twenty leading trusts in
this country all but three deal in and
seek to control articles protected by
the tariff. But for the high duties for-
eign competitors could supply out peo-
ple when the trust puts the price up
to an exorbitant figure, as the jute-
bagging trust has done. The tariff
promotes and protects six-sevenths of
all the trusts, and yet Mr. Blaine says
they are "largely private affa|rs"
having 44 no place in a National cam-
paign." The voters will see about it.
—N. T. World.
BLAINE AND TRUSTS. "l
—
Jingo Jim Mulligan's Latest Direct, Clear
Unequivocal JLie.
Take the Mills Dili, that the House or its
committee had under consideration for seven
months, in which they were seeking to do the
most radical things with our revenue laws thjft
they dared. That bill, after its seven months*
incubation, left the House containing forty-
one sections, sixty-seven octavo pages,4"more
than 1,600 lines and 15 000 words, and it does
not contain a section, or line, or word, or
syllable relating, directly or indirectly, or in
any way whatever to trusts. The seal with
which the President started off to ¿addle the
whole of the unpopularity of trusts on the
protective tariff and upon the Republican
party seems not even to have been heard of in
Congress. *
These words are from Blaine's latest
deliverance in support of " trusts."
There seems to be no occasion to
mince matters with this man. His
statement quoted is a direct, clear, un-
equivocal lie. In the speech from
which the words quoted are taken,
Blaine had something about "a class
of editors who think that contradic-
tion means argument, and that impu-
dent denial will take the place of sober
fact."
Contradiction on the part of Blaine
will not serve the purpose of ar-
gument any more than it will an-
swer for any "class of editors," and
"impudent" assertion does not lose ona
whit of its impudence because it comes
from a beaten and dishonored candi-
date for President.
The Mills bill does directly relate to
trusts. It deals with them so vigor-
ously that the trusts and their repre-
sentatives in Congress fought ft at
every stage of its progress and are
fighting it still in the columns of Re-
publican newspapers and in one New
York newspaper which has tried to
defeat two Democratic candidates for
President, and falsely fiying Demo-
cratic colors, is bound up to trusts this
year. Here are the "sober facts"
which we put against the 44 impudent
denial" of Blaine:
1. The steel rail trust is now u protected" by
a tax of seventeen dollars a ton. The Mills
bill reduced the tax to eleven dollars.
2. The nail trust is now "protected" by a
tax of one and one-quarter cents a pound. The
Mills bill reduces the tax to one ceut.
3. The iron nut and washer trust is new
44 protected" by a tax of two cents a pound.
The Mills bill reduces the tax to one and one-
half cents a pound.
4. The barbed-wire fence trust is now 14 pro-
tected" by a tax of six-tenths of a cent a
pound. The Mills bill reduces the tax to four-
tenths of a cent.
5. The copper trust is now "protected" by a
tax of two and a half cents a pound. The
Mills bill puts copper on the free list.
6. The lead trust is now ''protected" by a
tax of one and a half cents a pound. The Mills
bill now reduces it to three-fourths ¿of .a cent.
7. The slate pencil trust is now 4'protected"
by a tax of thirty per cent, ad valorem. The
Mills bill reduces the tax to twenty per cent.
8. The nickle trust is now "protected" by a
tax of fifteen cents a pound. The Mills bill re-
duces the tax to ten cents.
9. The zinc trust is now "protected" by a tax
of two and one-half cents a pound. The Mills
bill reduces the tax to two cents.
10. The sugar trust is now "protected" by
taxes averaging eighty-two cents on the dollar.
The Mills bill reduces the taxes to sixty-seven
cents on the dollar.
11. The oil-cloth trust is now 44protected" by
taxes of forty per cent, ad valorem. The Mills
bill reduces the tax to twenty-five per cent.
12. The jute bag trust is now 44protected" by
a tax of forty per cent, ad valorem. The Mills
bill puts jute bags for grain on the free list,
and reduces the tax on bagging for cotton to
three-eights cents a pound.
18. The cordage trust is now 44 protected " by
a tax of thirty per cent, ad valorem. The Mills
bill reduces the tax to twenty-five per cent.
14. The paper envelope trust is now 44 pro-
tected " by a tax of twenty-five per cent, ad
valorem. The Mills bill reduces the tax to
twenty per cent.
15. The gutta percha trust is now 41 pro-
tected" by a tax of thirty-five per cent, ad va-
lorem. The Mills bill reduces the tax to thirty
per cent.
16. The castor-oil trust is now 44 protected "
by a tax of eighty cents a gallon. The Mill
bill reduces the tax to forty cents a gallon.
17. The linseed-oil trust is now "protected"
by a tax of twenty-five cents a gallon. The
Mills bill reduces the tax to fifteen cents a
gallon.
18. The cottonseed-oil trust is now 44 protect-
ed" by a tax oítwenty-five cents a gallon. The
Mills bill puts cottonseed oil on the free list.
19. The borax trust is now 44 protected " by a
tax of five cents a pound on borax and boracio
acid, three cents on crude borax and borate
of lime and four cents on commercial boracio
acid. The Mills bill puts all of these on the
free list.
20. The ultramarine trust is now 44 protected"
by a tax of five cents a pound. The Mills bill
reduces the tax to three cents.
Here are twenty specific cases in
which the Mills bill deals directly
with as many trusts, the existence of
each one of which is, we believe, a no-
torious fact. We do not claim that the
list above is complete. It will suffice
as "sober fact" against Blaine's 4'im-
pudent denial," and will serve to show
that Congress both heard and heeded
the following words of President
Cleveland's message concerning trusts:
In speaking of the increased cost to the con-
sumer of our home manufactures, resulting
from a duty laid upon imported articles of the
same description, the fact is not overlooked
that competition among our domestic; pro-
ducers sometimes has the effect of keeping the
price of their products below the highest limit
allowed by such duty. But it is notorious that
this competition is too often strangled by com-
binations quite prevalent at this time, and
frequently called trusts, which have for their
object the regulation of the supply and price
of commodities made and sold by members of
the combination. The people can hardly hope
for any consideration in the operation of these
selfish scheihes. The necessity of combination
to maintain the price of any commodity to the
tariff point furnishes proof that some one is
willing to accept lower prices for such com*
modity, and that such prices are remunerative*
and lower prices produced by competitios
prove the same thing. Thus where either of
these conditions exist, a case would seem to be
presented for an easy reduction of taxation.—
Albany («y. Y.) Argus.
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-The workman's value in Candi-
date Harrison's estimate is one dollar
per day. A corporation attorney ii
worth $1,000 per week.—Denver New**
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Miller, Freeman E. The Canadian Crescent. (Canadian, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 27, 1888, newspaper, September 27, 1888; Canadian, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth183580/m1/3/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Hemphill County Library.