Soil survey, Kaufman County, Texas Page: 45 of 80
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SOIL SURVEY OF KAUFMAN COUNTY, TEXAS 43
The Cahaba series includes soils that are developed from parent
materials of alluvial origin and that have light-brown, light-red, or
pale-yellow surface soils and reddish-yellow friable permeable subsoils.
The characteristic profile is similar to but less thoroughly
leached than that of the Ruston soils, and the relief is generally much
smoother.
The Kalmia soils, also developed on stream terraces, have a soil
profile very much like that of the Norfolk soils.
Soils of the Mvatt series are developed on very flat old stream terraces,
and their profile is almost like that of soils of the Lufkin series.
The light-colored sandy soils of the forested lands are included in
three subgroups on the basis of relief and drainage, as these factors
are related to, and to some extent determine, their profile characteristics,
agricultural values, and capabilities for use. These groups
are (1) smooth well-drained soils, (2) sloping soils, and (3) very
slowly drained soils.
SMOOTH WELL-DRAINED SOILS
The subgroup of smooth well-drained soils includes Tabor fine sandy
loam, mound phase, Leaf fine sandy loam, Cahaba fine sandy loam,
Norfolk loamy fine sand, and Kalmia loamy sand. Owing to the
smooth relief of these soils, erosion has not been serious. Surface and
internal drainage are good. Probably nearly one-half of the areas of
these soils is in cultivation, but about one-third of the land formerly
cultivated is now used only for pasture. Cotton and corn are the
principal crops. Fruit, truck crops, peas, and peanuts are also grown
to a small extent.
Tabor fine sandy loam, mound phase.-This is a smooth forested
sandy soil, the surface of which is dotted with small sand mounds.
The surface soil in virgin areas to a depth of about 3 inches is brown
fine sandy loam containing a small quantity of decomposed leafy material.
In cultivated fields the surface soil, to a depth of about 6 inches,
is grayish-brown or light grayish-brown acid fine sandy loam containing
very little organic matter. This passes into pale-yellow strongly
acid fine sandy loam, which, below a depth ranging from 12 to 24
inches, grades through a transitional layer of yellow sandy clay loam,
about 1 inch thick, into yellow very heavy strongly acid clay. Yellowish-red
spots, from one-sixteenth to one-fourth inch in diameter, are
numerous in the upper 6 to 12 inches of the subsoil and decrease with
depth. The subsoil is compact and only slowly pervious to moisture.
Below a depth ranging from 24 to 30 inches, the subsoil material is
olive-yellow dense noncalcareous clay slightly streaked with light gray.
The parent material of pale grayish-yellow or gray compact noncalcareous
slightly sandy clay is reached below a depth of about 45 inches.
The numerous low sand mounds have a 2
to 4-inch surface layer of
light-brown fine sandy loam underlain by a 24
to 42-inch layer of paleyellow
loamy fine sand and, in turn, by a subsoil of yellow sandy clay
more or less mottled with red spots and light-gray streaks. The
mounds occupy from one-tenth to one-half of the surface in areas of
this soil. The areas mapped as this soil also include small spots of
many other light-colored sandy soils, especially Lufkin very fine sandy
loam and Susquehanna fine sandy loam.
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Soil map, Kaufman County, Texas (Map)
Map displays soil types, creeks, lakes, towns, churches, schools, roads, railroads, and Texas Land Office survey lines. Includes legend and symbols. A polyconic projection, North American Datum. "Horizontal control by Texas State Reclamation Department. 10000 foot grid based upon Texas (North central) system of plane coordinates."
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Templin, E. H. (Edward Henry) & Huckabee, J.W. (John Walter). Soil survey, Kaufman County, Texas, book, June 1940; Washington D.C.. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth19775/m1/45/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.