Texas Almanac, 1992-1993 Page: 98
This book is part of the collection entitled: Texas Almanac and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Texas State Historical Association.
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these ants. Several experimental baits are quite effec- the South. During the summer of 1984, male gypsy moths
tive, and one may soon be registered for ant control by were trapped for the first time in Texas. Since then a few
the Environmental Protection Agency. Other pests in moths have been trapped each summer. To date, no es-
pine plantations include pine tip moth, pine sawflies, tablished gypsy moth populations are known to occur in
gophers and rabbits. Texas, but summer trapping programs continue. A task
Fusiform rust has been recognized for many years as force of leading entomologists in the state has been
a severe problem on both slash and loblolly pines in the formed to coordinate trapping efforts in Texas and pre-
southeastern United States. The disease has its greatest vent the gypsy moth from becoming a serious tree pest
impact in young pine plantations. The TFS has been in Texas.
involved in periodic surveys, initiated in Texas in 1969,
which have indicated that fusiform rust is most severe in Forest Fire Protection
slash pine plantations in southeast Texas. Loblolly pine
is not seriously damaged. The severity of the disease in- Organized fire protection is provided by the TFS
creased dramatically between 1969-1980, but appears to with some financial assistance from the federal govern-
have increased only slightly since 1980. The TFS also is ment and from landowners. Texas first qualified for fed-
evaluating forest management practices and producing eral assistance in protection against forest fires in 1916.
rust-resistant seedlings that will reduce losses caused by A division of forest protection, now the Forest Fire Con-
the disease, trol Department, was established at Lufkin in 1925.
Public concern is increasing over the extensive mor- From 1925 through 1990, 174,573 forest fires were re-
tality of oaks in the Hill Country of Central Texas. The ported and suppressed in East Texas by TFS. In 1990,
vascular wilt organism, "oak wilt," is the major causal 1,577 fires burned 27,644 acres, averaging 17.5 acres per
agent of live oak mortality in Central Texas. fire. For the past five years, the average annual acreage
In 1988 the Texas Forest Service, Texas A&M Univer- loss to wildfire was 0.15 percent of the area protected.
sity, USDA-Forest Service, Texas Agricultural Extension Causes of the 1,577 fires in 1990 were: debris burning,
Service and City of Austin initiated a cooperative oak 48 percent; incendiary, 34 percent; smokers, 2 percent;
wilt suppression project to combat the disease in Texas. campfires, 2 percent; and lightning, miscellaneous,
A concerted education and information campaign was equipment use, railroads and children amounted to 14
launched. Also cost-share funds are available through percent.
the Texas Forest Service for establishing control treat- For 57 years, from 1916 to 1975, basic rural fire-fight-
ments of this disease on private lands. ing responsibility was confined to 48 counties, or the com-
Texas Forest Service entomologists are also asked to mercial forest area of East Texas. Since 1975 however,
evaluate insect and disease problems in other areas of TFS has used its wildfire suppression expertise to assist
the state. Assistance has been provided regarding wind- with major wildland fires anywhere in the state, and un-
break trees in the High Plains area and problems in con- der a mutual aid compact, TFS also lent its help several
iferous forests in the mountains of West Texas. times in other states, including the California Fire Siege
The gypsy moth has been a serious defoliator of of 1987 and the Yellowstone fires of 1988. In March 1988,
hardwood trees in the northeast United States for many the Texas Forest Service organized the effort that con-
years. In the past decade this insect pest has been trans- trolled the largest wildfire in modern Texas history.
ported to many other areas of the country, including the Known as the "Big Country Fire," it burned 300,000
West Coast, the Great Lakes area and various parts of acres in Shackelford and parts of two adjacent
Total Timber Production and Value by County in Texas, 1989
Stumpage Delivered
County Pine Hardwood Total Value Value
Cubic feet Thousand dollars
Anderson ........................ 6,029,200 1,077,776 7,106,976 $3,878 $6,300
Angelina .......................... 29,981,605 3,470,003 33,451,608 16,076 28,058
Bowie ........................... 6,558,615 3,085,292 9,643,907 3,008 6,775
Camp ............................ 1,302,092 455,544 1,757,635 830 1,454
Cass ............................. 17,978,828 9,999,046 27,977,874 8,247 19,573
Chambers................... ..... 2,153,204 526,080 2,679,284 1,425 2,359
Cherokee ................. ....... 21,665,841 5,037,238 26,703,079 11,947 21,573
Franklin................... ..... . 31,185 576,584 607,769 136 376
Gregg ................... ......... 1,940,610 1,683,142 3,623,752 1,251 2,627
Grimes .................. ......... 4,015,178 15,280 4,030,458 2,241 3,624
Hardin .................. ......... 28,961,667 13,068,380 42,030,047 16,321 32,087
Harris................... ......... 6,146,445 119,228 6,265,673 3,761 5,846
Harrison .................. ........ 13,253,924 5,119,515 18,373,439 5,740 12,969
Houston .......................... 17,403,838 1,497,462 18,901,300 9,677 16,339
Jasper ........................... 27,847,797 5,537,664 33,385,461 14,666 26,866
Jefferson ......................... 1,522,229 1,662,880 3,185,109 1,024 2,263
Leon ................... .......... 307,074 108,326 415,400 215 357
Liberty ............................. 20,314,807 6,481,127 26,795,933 11,958 21,679
Marion ............................. 7,431,502 3,024,927 10,456,429 3,547 7,557
Montgomery ................... .. 20,638,901 1,198,028 21,836,928 10,741 18,515
Morris ............................ 4,347,560 2,189, 088 6,536,648 1,929 4,504
Nacogdoches ..................... .. 17,982,562 4,162,352 22,144,914 9,482 17,610
Newton ............................ 24,382,747 4,560,466 28,943,213 12,520 23,170
Orange ............................. 7,466,232 1,856,033 9,322,266 4,113 7,511
Panola ........................... 7,444,286 1,948,687 9,392,972 3,603 7,168
Polk ............................ 28,740,622 4,112,906 32,853,528 14,614 26,577
Red River ........................ 1,017,234 294,110 1,311,344 630 1,104
Rusk ............................. 9,887,241 3,810,873 13,698,113 5,977 10,929
Sabine ............................. 12,674,120 1,484,364 14,158,485 7,921 12,739
San Augustine ..................... 14,832,548 4,127,818 18,960,367 8,692 15,559
San Jacinto ....................... 13,471,107 327,259 13,798,366 6,873 11,768
Shelby .......................... 17,238,223 3,656,504 20,894,726 7,779 15,678
Smith ............................ 4,534,892 1,987,972 6,522,865 2,237 4,714
Titus................... .......... 526,519 570,077 1,096,596 269 711
Trinity .................. ......... 17,417,449 99,979 17,517,429 9,342 15,420
Tyler ........................... 19,497,325 2,064,988 21,562,312 9,823 17,842
Upshur.................. ......... 8,818,278 2,088,679 10,906,958 4,371 8,439
Walker .................. ......... 10,735,455 171,888 10,907,343 5,405 9,268
Waller ........................... 1,212,237 0 1,212,237 655 1,079
Wood ............................ 1,873,055 203,654 2,076,709 1,183 1,883
Other Counties .................... 2,572,854 1,315,833 3,888,687 1,266 2,773
Totals ........ .......... ........ 462,157,091 104,777,048 566,934, 140 $245,374 $453,31498
TEXAS ALMANAC 1992-1993
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Kingston, Mike. Texas Almanac, 1992-1993, book, 1991; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth279642/m1/102/: accessed April 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.