The Galveston Daily News. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 56, No. 44, Ed. 1 Friday, May 7, 1897 Page: 3 of 10
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THE GALVESTON DAILY NEWS, FRIDAY, MAY 7, 1897.
I
TUB HOUSES PRESENTED A LIVELY
SCENE DURING THE AFTER-
NOON SESSION.
MEMBERS CHARGED 11IM WITH FOR-
MULATING RILES AND DE-
FIED THEM.
A LUG nun DISCUSSED
And Referred—Railroad Consolidation
Encountered Strong Opposition
in tlie Senate.
NEWS BUREAU, Austin, Tex., May G.-
The house was in a remarkably unruly
frame of mind this afternoon, and it was
one of the stormy periods of the session. As
a result practically nothing was accom-
plished beyond a vast amount of speech-
making by members and some unpleasant
references to each oth'er. Effort alter ef-
fort to suspend the regular order and take
up some other measure failed and in this
way the afternoon was spent. Members ap-
peared to be in doubt as to what was the
regular order. Mr. Seabury ocoupied the
chair and he had to admit he was con
fused. He stated several times that the
chair was in an embarrassing attitude and
just as often lectured members for their
conduct, at one time requesting a member
to be seated and act like a gentleman. The
ruling of the chair, however, that he would
consider motions to set aside the regular
order and take up other measures dila
tory in their nature, and therefore rule
them out of order, did not have the effect
of placing members in a more lovable and
peaceful frame of mind. On the other hand
it made them more obstreperous and for an
hour scenes witnessed in the house were
characterized by more than one member as
"ridiculous and disgraceful." Twenty mem
tiers at a time would stand up and scream
at the speaker and others would guy their
colleagues. A half dozen members would
talk in loud shrill voices at the same time
and din and confusion held high carnival.
The ruling of the chair above referred to
was denounced as arbitrary, dictatorial and
autocratic and several members served no-
tice on the presiding officer that he would
not rob them of their rights and privileges
with impunity. The chair not only pleaded
embarrassment, but declared that his aim
was to be fair and just to all alike.
The trouble with the house appears to bo
that members have a wild yearning to ad-
journ and go home and don't know how to
turn loose. They say the people are dis-
gusted, they are themselves disgusted and
it is a case of disgust all around. They
say. furthermore, they are willing to do
anything within the bounds of reason to
get away from here. As an evidence of the
confusion and disregard of rules' at the
afternoon session it may be stated that
neither Fisher's appeal from the ruling of
the chair nor the call under which th<n
house was placed were ever disposed of in
any way. They were permitted to go by
default without action.
mission had also recognized the fact and
it was public notoriety.
Adjourned until afternoon.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
The senate met without a quorum pres-
ent, and on account of the immense amount
of work before the free conferonce com-
mittees, the senate adjourned until to-mor-
1'IIK HOI SE.
THE SENATE.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—The senate was
called to order by Lieutenant Governor
Jester, a quorum present.
After the conclusion of the morning call
the joint resolution granting Judge O'Con-
nor of the Twenty-fifth judicial district
leave of absence from the state for a
period of sixty days was passed finally.
Senate joint resolution striking out and
repealing section 10. article lti, of the state
constitution, which reads as follows: "No
corporate body shall hereafter be created,
renewed or extended with banking or dis-
counting privileges," was called up and or-
dered engrossed. The effect of this bill be-
coming a law would be the removal of ob-
struction to the organization of state
banks.
Colquitt called up his bill rmending the
code of criminal procedure relating to fees
in certain cases and expenditures In the
procurement of attached witnesses. The
senate refused to engross the bill.
Senator Harrison called up and secured
final passage of house, bill by Holland of
Burnet restoring and conferring civil and
criminal jurisdiction on the county court of
Lampasas county.
The house bill sanctioning the consolida-
tion of the Houston and Texas Central
with the Waco and Northwestern and
Texas Central railways was laid before the
senate as special order. Senator Presler
moved to postpone further consideration of
this bill until next Wednesday, host—yeas
H, nays 1G.
Senator Presler moved to postpone In-
definitely. Lost—yeds'lS, nays G.
Senator Presler moved to substitute the
unfavorable minority for the favorable ma-
jority report.
Senator Yantis hoped the minority report
would be adopted, as this bill is a violation
of the constitution, inasmuch as it per-
mits the consolidation of two parallel and
competing lines of railroad. He said the
Aransas Pass and the Texas Central rail-
ways were competing lines to El Paso and
San Antonio, and the Aransas Pass is
owned by this same Huntington system.
He read Governor Culberson's veto last
session of a bill similar to this. He said
that by looking at a map of Texas it would
be easily seen that the Texas Central and
the Aransas Pass railways were competing
lines, and that by combining these two
roads it would be in Mr. Huntington's
power to make rates for Waco and sur-
rounding country, and he did not think it
right. Ho again attacked the constitution-
ality of the bill. He said the bill had been
quietly passed by the house during the
absence of one of McLennan county's rep-
resentatives—Mr. Sluder—who was known
to be opposed to the bill, contrary to a mo-
tion to postpone He said he had heard
that Mr. Huntington proposed to extend
the road, but In his opinion Mr. Huntington
was not. a railroad builder, but a wrecker.
Mr. Burns replied to Senator Yantis, and
in support of the majority report he said
the senator had laid particular stress on
the fact that there were lobbyists here,
wining and dining members, trying to con-
trol the legislature. He asked did not mem-
bers of the Commercial club of Waco come
down here and try to lobby against the
bill?
Senator Yantis said they had, but wefe
here only one day and not for two months*
Senator Burns said he saw no difference
between a person lobbying for or against
a bill.
In reply to a question by Senator Beall,
Senator Burns said that the Southern Pa-
cific did not own one dollar's worth of stock
In the Houston and Texas Central and not
any more in the Aransas Pass. There
might be, however, owners of Southern Pa-
cific stock who also own Houston and
Texas Central and Aransas Pass stook.
Senator Burns said he had petitions from
citizen* of every town along the line of the
roads from Waco to Albany petitioning the
legislature to pass this bill.
Lewis' bill relating to the formation of
corporations was called up and the house
amendments concurred in.
Senator Presler. who signed the minority
report, opposed the bill and recited part
of the minority report in opposition. He
said the Huntington system was incorpor-
ated under the laws of Kentucky and
sought to buy up and control railroad stock
all over the country. He read from the last
report of the railroad commission, which
went to prove that the Southern Pacific,
or the Huntington Interests, were Inter-
ested in the control of the Galveston, Har-
risburg and San Antonio, Houston and Tex-
as Central and Aransas Pass roads. He
also read from the governor's veto message
of last session of a similar bill, which called
Attention to the fact thaPthe railroad comr
Austin, Tex., May G.—Dr. Brlggs of this
city Invoked divine blessings on the house
this forenoon.
Smith called up his resolution relating to
mob violence.
Tracy sent up an amendment exempting
from bill of rights those members of the
house who might be tried and convicted
without notice or hearing. Ruled out of
order.
Williams suggested that the resolution be
referred to committee on state affairs, as
it was of some importance.
Drew resisted the resolution, contending
_ majority of cases of mob violence re-
sulted from criminal assault on women and
girls and he wanted the women of Texas
protected at any cost.
Fields of Hill proposed to strike out the
preamble entirely.
Bumpass said he was bound to defend tho
colored race, and proposed to vote for the
resolution because it recited truth. Killing
the resolution would mean the driving of
negro votes out of the democratic party.
Burney (populist) advocated the resolu-
tion.
The house decided to refer by vote of 60
to 44.
Wolters sent up a concurrent resolution
providing for sine die adjournment on the
l$th of May.
On motion of Bailey the resolution was
laid on the table, subject to call, Wolters
rot objecting.
Doyle called up his resolution limiting de-
bate on any subject to ten minutes, time of
no member to be extended for longer peri-
od than live minutes. Resolution failed.
Seabury moved to grant request of sen-
ate for free conference committee on me-
chanic and labor lien law bill and motion
prevailed.
Patterson sent up a resolution providing
for final adjournment on 15th of May, and
it was declared out of order.
Brlgance called up his resolution permit-
ting visitors to come in lobby, and it was
leferred to committee on rules.
Curry called up senate bill authorizing
secretary of state to collect filing fees from
corporations wanting to do business in this
state, and asked the house to suspend the
tegular order, which was the general in-
corporation bill. House declined.
General incorporation bill then passed
finally and motion to reconsider was made
and tabled.
Senate bill relating to settlement of ac-
counts of defaulting officials by county
commissioners' courts, passed finally.
Love called up senate bill prohibiting fire
insurance companies from writinb insur-
ance over the heads of local agents in
Texas and house suspended regular order
to consider the same.
Oliver offered an amendment allowing
companies to insure property in Texas pro-
vided they have no local agents In the
state.
The chair announced as members of the
free conference committee on part of the
house on mechanics' and laborers' Hen law
bill, Meade, Seabury, Dies, Browne and
Peery.
Hill of Gonzales offered an amendment to
the Oliver amendment adding the follow-
ing: "Who will insure at reasonable rates
and as low a rate as may be procured from
agents or companies outside of state."
The Hill amendment failed and the Oliver
amendment was adopted. The bill then
passed finally under suspension of the rules
by a vote of 86 to 18.
McGaughey asked the house to suspend
the regular order and take up bill relating
to local option and the house assented. On
motion the following report of free confer-
ence committee on the bill was adopted:
Section 1. Be it enacted by the legisla-
ture of the state of Texas that article 3384,
of title LXIX, of the revised civil statutes
of the state of Texas be and the same is
hereby amended so as hereafter to read as
follows:
"Article 8384. The commissioners' court of
each county in the state, whenever they
t deem it expedient, may order an election
to be held by the qualified voters of 6aid
county or of any commissioner's or* jus-
tice's precinct or school district, of any
two or more of any such political subdivis-
ions of a county as may be designated by
the commissioners' court of said county, to
determine whether or not the sale of in-
toxicating liquors shall be prohibited in
such county, commissioner's or justice's
precinct or school district, or any two or
more of any such political subdivisions of
such county, or in any town or city; pro-
vided it shall be the duty of said commis-
sioners' court to order the election afore-
said whenever petitioned to do so by as
many as 250 voters in any county, or 50
voters In any other political subdivision of
the county or school district as shall be
designated by said court, or in any city or
town, as the case may be; provided, that if
the precinct or precincts designated em-
brace within the limits an incorporated
town, then such election shall only be or-
dered when the petition for same is signed
by qualified voters, not less than one-tenth
in number of the total vote cast for gov-
ernor at the next preceding general election
in such Incorporated town or city: and in
case an election is asked for a subdivision
of said county, composed of two or more
complete commissioner's or justice's pre-
cincts or school districts, such petition shall
describe such subdivision by metes and
bounds, as well as by the proper numbers
of such precincts or school districts; and
said petition and the description of such
subdivision shall be recorded in full In the
minutes of the commissioners' court, and
such description shall be embraced In the
notice given for such election: provided,
that where a school district, city or town,
may be composed in part of two or more
subdivisions of the county named herein-
before, tlie right to order and hold an elec-
tion in such school district, city or town
shall not be denied; and provided further,
that no city or town shall- be divided in
holding a local option election for any of
the other subdivisions named herein; nor
shall any school district which has adopted
local option be divided in a subsequent
election, held for another of such sub-
divisions, covering a part of the territory
of such school district."
Sec. 2. That all laws and parts of laws In
conflict herewith be and the same are here-
by repealed.
Sec. 3. That the near approach of tho
close of this session creates an emergency
that the constitutional rule requiring bills
to be read on three several days be sBM-
pended. and it is so suspended, and that
this act take effect and be in force from
and after its passage, and it is so enacted.
On motion of Childs. the house concurred
In the senate amendments to the divorce
bill.
Strother called up senate bill authorizing
towns and villages to condemn right of
way for public roads across the tracks of
railroads.
An amendment by Ayers, inserting after
the word "statutes" the words "or by
special charter." prevailed.
An amendmeut by Shelburne with proviso
that there are less than four railroad
tracks to be crossed was adopted.
Another amendment by Shelburne pro-
viding "that county commissioners have
right on petition of twenty freeholders of
any community or unincorporated town or
city to condemn roadbed of railroad for
same purpose," also prevailed.
The bill then passed finally under sus-
pension of the rules by a vote of 87 to 5
and a motion to reconsider was made and
tabled.
Conolly called up the bill providing a pen-
alty for refusal of national bank officials
to furnish tax assessors with sworn state-
ments oC assets, notes and deposits. The
bill passed finally under suspension of the
rules.
Recess until 3 p. m.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
Relger called up the bill granting right to
the Chapmans or their assigns to sue the
state for the price promised for sinking an
artesian well at the Terrell asylum. He
spoke at length in favor of the measure.
The following by Ayers was accepted and
adopted: Amend by striking out the words
"on a plea of reconvention* and insert in
lieu thereof "therein and will pay all dam-
ages that may be recovered by state on any
plea In reconvention 1n said cause."
The house refiised to engross the bill by a
vote of 57 to 40.
Blair called up the bill regulating plumb-
ing in cisterns and prDvidlng for the crea-
tion of a state board of plumbers. The
house declined to suspend the regular order,
a two-thirds vote being necessary.
Dies called up the olil relating to the re
moval of county seats and asked the house
to suspend the regular order. The house de
clined.
Ayers requested the house to suspend the
regular order and take up the bill making 't
mandatory that taxes be raid in coin cr cur
rency instead of in scrip. Again the house
refused.
Randolph moved *o susnend the regular
order and take up the bill regulating the
place of holding electlo.is In cities and
towns. The motion prevailed.
Crawley called up tl>e til! disorganizing
Loving county and attaching the same to
Reeves county and asked that the hows ■»
concur in the senate amendments, which
was done.
The election bill then passed finally uncer
suspension of the rules.
Holland asked the house to suspend the
regular order and take up the Fidelity bond
bill, but the house refused
Wood moved to suspend the regular order
«nd take up the bill appropriating $2500 to be
expended in the Texas exhibit for the Nash-
ville centennial. The motion lulled.
The chair stated. Seabury presiding, that
hereafter motions to suspend the regular or-
der would be regarded as dilatory motions
and therefore ruled out of order.
Fisher approached the chair and de-
manded recognition, which he finally re-
ceived. Then lie informed the chair that he
denied the right of the chair to make rules
for the house or to take from him his rights
and privileges on the floor of the house.
Therefore he moved to suspend the regular
order and take up the text book bill, and de-
manded that the motion be put.
The chair ruled the motion out of order
and Fisher appealed from the ruling of the
chair. Before the appeal was made Blair
moved to adjourn, and the motion failed.
Tho greatest confusion then prevailed, the
question recurring on Fisher's appeal.
Evans took the floor and insisted on speak-
ing. Members left their seats and some half
a dozen talked at once; others left the hall
in haste. In the meantime Evans continued
to talk. The chair requested him to be
seated and he declined. The chair repeated
tthe request, but the gentleman from Hunt
contlnud to talk. The chair finally ordered
the sergeant at arms to seat him, which or-
der was obeyed.
The house having been placed under call,
the roll was called and the fact elicited that
while there was a quorum present several
members were absent.
Blackburn sent up a resolution providing
for the "suspension" of all absentees and
the house applauded wildly. The resolution
was ruled out of order, whereupon Black-
burn Insisted on its second reading, declar-
ing if the chair could suspend one member it
could suspend others.
Wolters called up his concurrent resolu-
tion providing for final adjournment on the
18th of May. Beaird offered an amendment
providing for adjournment on Mav 7.
Carpenter lectured the house on'Its unruly
and dilatory demeanor.
The house then adjourned in the greatest
confusion by a yea and nay vote until to-
morrow.
Soelal Club Vote*.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—Following are the
fifty-one members of the house who voted
to table the Llllard amendment, which in
effect provided for the abolition and prohi-
bition of the social clubs of the state: Ay-
ers, Bailey. Barrett, Beaird, Bell, Black-
burn. Blair, Browne, Burney, Burns,
Childs, Crawford, Dies, Fields, Fisher, Gil-
bough, Good, Harris, Hill of Travis, Hol-
land of Burnett, Holland of Harris,
Humphrey, Jones. Kirk, Lotto, McFarland,
McGaughey, McKamy, Morriss, Mundine,
Neighbors, O'Connor, Pfeuffer, Randolph,
Relger, Rogan, Rudd, Savage, Schlick, Sea-
bury, Smyth, Stokes, Strother, Thaxton,
Tracy, Turner, Vaughan of Guadalupe,
Ward, Wilcox, Williams, Wolters.
The forty-eight members who voted
against tabling and in favor of the prohibi-
tion of the social clubs, are us follows, as
shown by the journal: Alexander, Bar bee,
Bean, Bertram, Bird, Bounds, Boyd, Brew-
ster, Brlgance, Bumpass, Carpenter, Coll-
ier, Conofy, Cureton, Curry, Dean, Doyle,
Drew, Evans of Grayson, Ewing, Feild,
Freeman, Garrison, Henderson, Hensley,
Hill of Gonzales, Kimbell. Llllard, Love,
Martin, Maxwell. McKellar, Melton, Mor-
ton, Oliver, Peery. Porter, Reubell, Shel-
burne. Sklllern, Sluder, Thomas, Thompson,
Tucker, Vaughan of Collin, Wall, Wallace,
Wcod.
Free Conference Work.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—Free conference
committees on deficiency appropriation and
fee bills met again to-night. The deficiency
committee agreed upon all of the senate
amendments which Increased the bill over
$6000 but reduced the proposed amendments
for civil court of appeals stenographers from
$1800 to $H00. On the fee bill they came to
some understanding on sheriffs by allowing
them $300 and expenses in serving attach-
ments outside their county; all rewards,
expenses in conveying attached witnesses
and feeding prisoners. In addition to this
they receive one-fourth of the excess. This
is for the larger counties, while the middle
class receives $2500 and the smaller coun-
ties $2000. To-morrow a proposition will be
submitted to pay county attorneys who
also act as district attorneys $2500 per an-
num.
The appropriation committee met behind
closed doors with Governor Culberson,
general discussion on the bill following.
No advancement was made, however, be
yond last night's work.
Wolters* Statement.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—Representative Wol-
ters handed out the following to-day:
Austin. Tex., May G.—'To tin- Public: Dur-
ing the discussion on the appropriation for
the militia it was not my purpose to reflect,
on General Mabry personally, and I take
pleasure in stating this to the public. 1 do
not see the necessity for the department of
adjutant general, but so long as the de-
partment exists I know of no gentleman
more competent to fill It, and I withdraw
any remarks of mine that may have been
construed into a personal reflection on tho
general. Respectfully, J. F. WOLTERS.
Ordered Printed.
Austin, Tex., May 5.—The free conference
committee on the general appropriation
bills met to-night and considered the first
portion of the bills, including the comp-
troller's department. Nothing was final.y
agreed upon, and in order to get the
amendments, about two hundred, properly
before the committee, both bills were or-
dered printed.
Ueeanie a Law.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—The house bill au-
thorizing certified copies of instruments
conveying land in Archer county recorded
in Jack county from August 10, 1866. to Au-
gust la, 1870, to be admitted in evidence in
all suits where secondary evidence Is neces-
sary became a law to-day without execu
tlve approval.
Colquitt Hack Tax Law.
Austin, Tex., May G.—The comptroller is
sending out copies of the Colquitt back tax
law as amended and passed by this session
of the legislature. He says under it all de-
linquent tax lists covering a period of ten
years will be complete I within thirty days.
The bill takes effect ninety days after the
adjournment of the legislature.
San Jacinto l'urclinsc.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—The executive to-
day signed the bill appropriating $10,000
with which to purchase the San Jacint
battle ground, and It Is now a law. As _
consequence Senator Burns Is receiving
numerous congratulations and is much re
jolced.
Linn's Fish Rill.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—Senator Linn of
Victoria introduced a bill prohibiting the
taking of fish from waters of the state
other than by regular hook and lines and
trot line, and prohibiting the shipping of
game fish out of the state.
It 0
OF THE HOUSTON AM) TEXAS CEN-
TRAL WITH THE WACO AM)
NORTHWESTER \
in mil1
(itnnt'H Home Clnb.
Sherman, Tex., May 6.—Last night, In
answer to the expressed desire of National
Committeeman John Grant, in his interview
with The News special correspondent at
Washington, for the people, and especially
the republicans of Texas, to give expression
to their wishes in the matter of distribution
of federal patronage, the McKinley-Hobnrt
club met. They unanimously dictated the
following telegram, which has been wired to
Mr. Grant:
Sherman, Tex., May 6.—John Grant, Mem-
ber National Committee, Washington: Four
hundred members McKinley-Hobart club
have met and unanimously passed resolu-
tions indorsing your stand against com-
promising, which, if effected, means years
of disruption and strife for our party in
Texas. GEO. W. JOHNSON,
D. W. PORTER, Secretary. President.
BRENHAM BUDGET.
A Labor Riot.
Brenham, Tex., May 6.—There was an In
cipient labor riot at Hempstead to-day. The
hands who have been employed putting In
the new waterworks and electric light sys-
tem demanded higher wages. Contractor
Ellis refused their request, discharged the
men and employed others in their plaoes<
This morning the discharged hands request-
ed that they be re-employed, but their re-
quest was refused. Several rocks and bricks
w"ere thrown at the newly employed men,
but nobody was hurt. The officers quickly
que-lled the disturbance
Piie Majority and Minority Report*
Refore tlie Senate—Southern Pa-
ciiic Fight Continued.
Austin, Tex., May 6.—The following are
the majority and minority reports on the
consolidation bill of the Houston and Texas
Central railway with the Waco and North-
western railway and the Texas Central
railway:
MAJORITY REPORT.
Committee Room. Austin. Tex., May 4,
1897.—Hon. George T. Jester. President of
the Senate: Your committee on internal
improvements, to whom was referred house
bill No. 673, a bill to be entitled "An act
to authorize the Houston and Texas Cen-
tral railroad company to purchase and op-
erate the railway extending from near Bre-
mond to Ross and from Ross to Albany,
and to regulate reports of such properties,"
have had the same under consideration,
and I am instructed to report the same
back to the senate with the recommenda-
tion that it do pass.
COLQUITT, Chairman.
MINORITY REPORT.
Comfhittee Room, Austin. Tex., May 5.
18y7.—Hon. George. T. Jester, President of
the Senate: The undersigned members of
your committee on internal improvements,
to whom was referred house bill No. 673, a
bill to lie entitled "An act to authorize the
Houston and Texas Central railroad com-
pany to purchase and operate the raiilway
extending from a point in or near the
town of Bremond in Robcrtv-on county, to
a point in or near the town of Ross in Mc-
Lennan county, with its franchises ami
appurtenances, and the railway extending
from a point in or near said town of Jioss
to a point in or near the town of Albany,
in Shackelford county, with its franchises
and appurtenances, or any part or parts
thereof, and to authorize the owners there-
of to sell the same, and to authorize a
corresponding increase in the authorized
aggregate of bonds and stock of said Hous-
ton and Texas Central railroad company,
and to regulate reports of such properties
and the operations thereof." beg leave to
dissent from the action of a majority of
said committee in reporting the above bill
favorably, and to submit a minority report
thereon with the recommendation that tho
bill do not pass.
We also beg leave to preface this report
with the statement that with a full at-
tendance of the members of this committee
said bill could not have been reported fa-
vorably, as the majority of the members
thereof are opposed to tlie policy of fur-
ther permitting and encouraging the South-
ern Pacific railroad company in acquiring
control of a great number of roads in tills
state, some of which are parallel and others
are competing lines, and operating them
substantially under a common management
and control, In violation of article 10, sec-
tion 5, of the constitution of Texas, and of
article 4246 of the civil statutes of this
state. Said article and section of the con-
stitution provide as follows: "No railroad
or other corporation, or the lessees, pur-
chasers or managers of any railroad cor-
poration, shall consolidate the stock, prop-
erty or franchises of such corporation with,
or lease, or purchase the works or the
franchise of, or in any way control any
railroad corporation, owning or having un-
der its control a parallel or competing line,
nor shaCl any officer of such railroad cor-
poration act as an officer of any other rail-
road corporation owning or having control
of any parallel or competing line;" and ar-
ticle 4246 (old number) of Sayles
Texas civil statutes provides: "It
shall be unlawful for any railroad
corporation or other corporation, or
the lessees, purchasers or managers of
any railroad corporation, to consolidate the
stock, property, works or franchises of any
other railroad corporation owning or hav-
ing under its control or management a
competing or parallel line, nor shall any
agent, manager or lessee or purchaser or
such railroad corporation act as or become
an officer, agent, manager or purchaser of
any other railroad corporation in leas ng
or purchasing any competing or parallel
line " The railroad commission ot this
state, in its annual report for the year 1805,
calls attention to the fact that "there are
apparently fourteen railroads in this state,
of the aggregate length of 2705 miles, sub-
stantially under a common manage-
ment and control, a few of them par
control the operation and management of
our railroads as to build up tlie interests of
our seaport towns.
As an additional objection to the pass-igo
of this bill, we cite the fact that the Hous-
ton and Texas Central has at this time a
bonded indebtedness ot about $40,»Oi) to tlie
mile, or nearly double the value of its prop-
erty and franchises, as found by thi rail-
road commission: that the Waco and North-
western has no bonded indebtedness ;.t all,
and the Texas Central only such bonded in-
debtedness as has been allowed by the rail-
road commission, not exceeding the present
value of the road, and that the bonds1 of the
last named company are still in the hands
of the stockholders of that company, yet to
be sold and the proceeds used In the further
construction of that road; that the effect of
consolidating these two last named roads
with the Houston and Texas Central would
be to virtually extend the immense bonded
indebtedness of the Houston and Texas Cen-
tral over the 229 miles of road of the Waco
and Northwestern and the Texas Central,
and in fixing freight rates for the consoli-
dated system this bonded indebtedness
would have to be considered, ami that
practically the result would be an Increase
of freight rates to the patrons of the last
named roads; that so far as> the promises
made by the Houston and Texas Central to
extend the Texas Central is concerned, we
wish to say that we have no confidence in
them at all and believe that they are made
for the purpose of getting support for the
passage of this bill, with no intention what-
ever of carrying them into effect. In this
conclusion we are supported by the facts,
that it has not in the past been the policy
of Huntington and the Southern Pacific
company to extend and build railroads, but
rather to manipulate, buy and operate ex-
isting roads. They are railroad wreckers
and manipulators, and not builders.
We submit that viewed from any stand-
point of public policy, this bill is hostile to
railroad building, to the development and
prosperity of Texas, and ought not to pass.
PRESLER,
ROGERS,
• BOWSER,
YANTIS.
Crests, Coat of Arms, College and Club Emblems,
Society Emblems, Monograms, Address Dies,
Crests and Monograms of Celebrities
FOR COLLECTORS, FRAME, FAN AND BRIC-A-BRAC DECORATIONS.
2000 New and Original Designs. Stamped in Assorted Colors—Gold,
Silver, Assorted Bronzes and Richly Illuminated.
Sample Sheet of 1 « Different Designs. Stamped
lu i.oKt, and Our Descriptive Catalogue for
10 Cents in Silver or Stumps.
ARTICLES FOR A NEW
HAVE IIEEN DRAWN
t' VPITALISTS.
R VIF.WAV
I H BY
Houston and Texas (Vn.tral, I.anrastel' Taj,,
Louisiana Western Extension, New \ork,
Texas and Mexican, Sabine and East Texas,
Saai Antonio and Aransas fuss. Texas and
N*«w Orleans, Texas Transportation, fexas
Trunk, to which It is now proposed to add
the Waco and Northwestern anil the Texas
Central." Continuing, the cornmiis'lon says:
"Part of the evidence of this Joint owner-
ship, control amd management consists In
the following facts, as shown by the sworn
official reports of the railroad companies
above mentioned to this commission, show-
inn thai one person is president and director
of live of thesf railroad companies, lirst
vice president and director of two more of
them, and director in still three others of
them, and there are no less than twenty,
eight other persons who are either directors
or officers, and in many instances both in
from two to eight of these companies. Tlx?
names of the petfons can be readily ascer-
tained by ail examination of the list of tho
directors and officers of the railroads re-
ferred to, which appear ill exhibit 4 of the
appendix to this report. While it is not con-
tended that these railroads are consolidated
under any Texas charter, we understand
that they are dominated and controlled by
means of the ownership of their stock and
bonds or otherwise by the Southern Pacific
company, a corporation created by the leg-
islature of the state of Kentucky, liy tho
terms of its charter it is provided that said
corporation shall not have the power to
mate joint stock with, lease, own or oper-
ate anv railroad within the state of Ken-
tucky.'' Prom the above statement it can
be readily seen that the Galveston, Harrls-
burg and Sun Antonio, together with the
Houston and Texas Central, comprise a part
of the Southern Pacific or Huntington sys-
tem of roads In this state, and with refer-
ence to the matter of competition, giving
the Galveston. Harrisburg and San Antonio
and the Aransas Pass, the Houston und
Texas Central and Waco and Northwestern
to the Southern Pacific company, we have
by these consolidations and Joint operation
four lines of railway, viz., the Galveston,
Harrisburg and San Antonio, and the Aran-
sas Pass, and the Houston and Texas Cen-
tral, and the Waco and Northwestern, tak-
ing Houston and Waco as terminal points,
operated practically a» one railroad, to the
injury and detriment of legitimate competi-
tion; and again, taking Waco and 101 Paso
as terminal points, we have now two Inde-
pendent and competing lines of travel, viz.,
the Aransas Pass and thie Galveston, Har-
risburg and San Antonio; or, by the Waco
and Northwestern, Texas Central and Texas
and Pacific, and it can be readily seen that
to permit the Southern Pacific company to
absorb the Waco and Northwestern and
Texas Central would have the effect of par-
tially destroying the competing line with
the Aransas Pass, and Galveston, Harris-
burg and San Antonio. We submit tha a
state policy which permits such a corpora-
tion as the Southern Pacific company, a cor-
poration not chartered for the purpose of
building railroads at all, but for tile pur-
pose of buying, manipulating and controll-
ing roads, to come into this state, and group
together a large number of our railroads,
but partially constructed between the points
given in their charter, suspend all further
construction ot^said roads, grouping them
together and operating them practically as
one road, Is In a high degree inimical to
the development and prosperity of this
state. It should rather be the policy of tlie
state, taking partially constructed lines liko
the Texas Central as a nucleus, to oppose
consolidation of such existing railroad sys-
tems in this state, and encourage the build-
ing up of new and Independent trunk lines;
and it Is a serious Question whether or not
a railroad company should not bo required,
within a reasonable length of time, to build
on the terminal points given in its charter
or forfeit its charter and franchises. With
reference to the operation of the Southern
Pacific company In this state, we submit tha
further charge that this system has been
operated in thie Interest of New Orleans us a
port, diverting the commerce that should
legitimately go to the seaboard of Texas,
and it should be the policy of this state to sot
SHERIFFS' DEPARTMENT.
(No matter accepted for this column that
does not bear the signature of a member of
the Sheriffs' association of Texas.)
(The attention ol' sheriffs and others enti-
tled to the use of this department of The
News is called to the fact thut 110 notice or
communication calling for the arrest of a
person or persons by name or description
will be published unless such notice or com-
munication states that the party whoso
name is signed to the same holds a warrant
for arrest against such person or persons
for the offense with which they may be
charged. No exception in any instance will
be made to this rule.—The News.)
llrazoN County.
Bryan, Tex., May 3.-Who wants a brown-
skinned negro? Calls himself Mies Wilson;
5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, weight 135 or 110
pounds. 25 years old, has mustache, claims
his home to be Slireveport, La., but claims
that he has not been there in nine years;
claims he worked on the Southern Pacific
railroad and at Beaumont, Houston and
Dallas; ho has red lips, wears No. 8 shoe,
inclined to be a little dish-faced. I hold him
under misdemeanor charge. Told a great
many different stories concerning his
whereabouts. If wanted, let me know at
once. T. C. Nunn, sheriff Brazos county.
Lee County.
Giddings, Tex., May 4.—All officers took
out for following stock: One bay mare,
about 15 hands high, scar 011 back part of
left thigh, about 13 years old. no brand; one
gray horse, 3 years old. about hands
high, no brand, sink in right side of neck;
one black mure mule. 2 years old. no brand,
had on bell when last seen. The above
stock were last seen: on May 1 and am sat-
isfied are stolen. G. C. CarroJl of Lexing-
ton will pay $10 for horses and I will pay
$20 fflr Ihlet if stolen. J. W. Sparks, sheriff
of Lee county.
ItockwuU County.
Rockwall, Tex., May 4.--Strayed or stolen,
April 20. from three miles west of Rockwall,
light chestnut sorrel mure, 5 years old, 1-1V2
hands high. 4 white feet, bald face, had on
bell when she left with rope collar, brand
on one shoulder, but don't reineinber it.
Brown more, 4 years ohl, 14% or 15 hands
high, had on web halter, scar on breast from
harness, no brands. Pete r Propes will pay
$5 for stock or information leading to re-
covery. If stolen I will pay $10 for thief In
any-Jail In Texas. Address J. S. Vernon,
sheriff Rockwall county.
llouNtini County.
Crockett, Tex., May 4.—Look out for one
hay horse, about 10 years o>l, about 15
hands high, good saddler, good work horse
.shod In front, no brand, has small feet, had
011 a half sized saddle, been usetf about two
years, sold by K. A. Nlckles. Crockett. Tex.
The above horse and saddle were taken
from a hitching post at this place on th
night of the 3d. Five dollars reward will
be paid for any information leading to the
recovery of horse and saddle. G. M. Wal-
ler, sheriff of Houston county.
HIIIm County.
Waxahaehie, Tex., ivtaiy G.— Stolen Inst
night, a clay bank horse. (I years, about li
hands high, no brand, foretop c.ipped re
cently. been clipped all over, tine saddle and
harness horse, been foundered, had on old
Hat saddle, red blanket, bridle had round
reins and headstall, surcingle for girth.
(Jus Thompson offers liberal reward. Ad
dress J. W. McCue, sheriff of El.Is county
llfiNtrop County.
Bastrop, Tex., May 4.—Stolen, on the
night of May 2. one bay horse, about 15
hands high, no brand, a large scar in right
llank and two fresh cuts in the breast. TI10
owner will give $5 for any information lead-
ing to his recovery. 1 will pay $10 for f '
In any Jail In Texas. Address J. B. Wat-
son. constable. Red Rock, or G. W. Davis,
sheriff of Hastrop county.
lied Hiver County.
Clarksville, Tex., May 4.—Strayed or sto-
len about April 1, light iron gray mare, (1
years old, about 15 hands high, dark mane
and tall, in thin order, has scar under ey
branded JL (connected). I will pay $5 for
return or information. Address .1. W.
Thompson, Annona, Tex., or S. T. Dinwid-
die, sheriff Red River county.
l)iilIn* County.
Dallas, Tex., May 6.—Strayed or stolen
black horse, hind feet white, no brands, in
good condition, short and chunky, weight
about W0. Mr. Mackintosh will pay *.*> tor
recovery. Address H. T. Mackintosh, 17."
South Akard street, Dallas, or Ben JO. Ca-
bell, sheriff. _
WEATHER AND CROPS,
Trinity. Trinity Co.. Tex., May G.-Raln
here, which was badly needed by farmers
and gardeners.
Midway, Madison Co., Tex., May 3.—Th
rain which fell here last Tuesday night was
followed by a brisk norther, which last
for three days, which did corn and cotton a
good deal of harm.
Bastrop, Bastrop Co., Tex., May 5.—Crops
aro reported fine. The weather has been
all right for a week, but this morning ;i
very drying and trying north wind set in
and is still blowing with fury.
Columbus, Colorado Co.. Tex., May 5.—
Crops have Improved very materially hen
in the last few day*, owing to the fuvorabli
weather which has prevailed. The pros
peets are much better than they were two
weeks ago.
Lullng, Caldwell Co., Tex., May 6.—A nice
rain fell here Wednesday night; while It
was not heavy, was enough to help the
growing crops very much. The crops in this
section are line for this season of the year.
The rains have fallen just about right In tlie
past few weeks.
Germantown. Qollad Co.. Tex.. May (J.—It
is dry here. Corn needs rain lust now. Cot
ton Is doing well enough. Rain Is needed
for grass and in some places for water lor
stock. Several light showers liavw fallen
the past week or two. but they did very lit-
tle good, as they were followed by high
winds.
Crockett, Houston Co., Tex., May 5.-—The
crops m this section of the county, while
looking well, are not as forward as they
would have been had It not been for the ex-
cessive rains and cold weather. Cotton seed
is vcrv scarce and on that account there
has not been as large an acreage of cotton
planted as would have been.
Fairland, Burnet Co.. Tex., May 5.—A
light rain fell here to-day, but was not
much needed. Tho wheat and oats crops
are more promising in this section than lor
several years. Corn is also In good condi-
tion and much of it will l*e "laid by" this
week. The weather has been too' wet and
cool so far to suit cotton; bad stands in
some places and some Injury by cut worms.
The cotton acreage will be larger than last
year.
CLARKE & COURTS. Engravers,
GALVESTON.
tee; J. T. Harmer. clerk and comptroller;
C. A. Browne, treasurer and transfer agent;
H. R. Nickerson, general manager; W. A.
Frost, auditor; J. 11. Hendrick, assistant
treasurer.
Simla Fe Shop*.
Austin, Tex., May 5.—-Congressman Pen-
dleton and Colonel J. S. Miller of Belton are
h«M*e for the purpose of interviewing Santa
Fe officials on the location of the general
shops of that road, which rumor says will
be removed from Galveston.
11
Mot 11 Competitor of the K. C., I*. & (*.
t.oli Term In UN Not Marie Public.
The Northern Itoute.
Kansasi City, Mo.. May 6.—(Special.)—A
new railroad from Chicago to the Gulf of
Mexico, passing through Kansas City, is
under way. The articles of incorporation
the road have been drawn up and
igned by a number of the capitalists in
Kansas City and towns in Missouri and
Kansas, who are organizing the company,
rho articles, thus partly signed, were sent,
esterday to New York city to be signed
>y tho organizers there. When signed by
ill interested they will be tiled at Topeka
incorporation. J. J. Squler, former
>resldent of the Interstate national bank
md a capitalist owing large property ln-
erests in Kansas City, Mo., and Kansas
City, Kan., is one of the incorporators
and will be president of the road. John V.
Andrews, president of the Merchants' bank
of Kansas City, Kan., and Attorney W. J.
Fuller of Kansas City, Kan., and Senator
Burns of Plattsburg. Mo., are other incor-
porators.
The preparations for incorporating the
new railroad have been carried on with the
greatest secrecy. Those interested refuse to
talk to any great extent. .1. .1. Squier said:
It would be best not to publish anything
about our plans now, but I suppose the
plans will leak out soon anyhow. The new
railroad, as projected, will run from Chi-
cago to the gulf, crossing the Missouri river
011 u bridge to be built at Quindaro, lour
miles above Wyandotte. It will tap many
rich farming counties of Iowa and Missouri
that are greatly in need of a. railroad, and
between Chicago and Kansas City wUl cross
and connect with important east aim west
trunk lines, as you can see by looking at
any map. its trains will enter the union
lepot here over the licit line tracks. From
Kansas City south it will be In 110 sense
a competitor of the Kansas City. Pittsburg
and Gulf or any other road. Where it will
reach tho Gulf of Mexico will not be made
public now. The road has much eastern
and western capital behind it. More than
that. J do not care to say."
Attorney Fuller of Kansas City, Kan.,
said the road would certainly be built and
that the work of construction would begin
within a year. Already, he said, the right
of way for most of tin track through Kan-
sas City, Kan., had been given. Mr. Fuller
said enough capital to build the road a good
part of the way was subscribed In New-
York and the. west and representatives
were negotiating with London capitalists
for the balance needed.
For Mountain Climbing.
Topeka Journal.
The two mammoth consolidated engines
which have been In the course of construc-
tion at the Santa Fe shops in this city for
tho past four months were turned out of
the paint shops yesterday and went on a
trial trip to Argentine. As soon as thor-
oughly tested the engines will be sent to
Raton, N. M., for service on the mountain
division of the Santa Fe.
Tho engines were bfiilt especially tor
mountain service, and are two of the larg-
est locomotives ever constructed In the
west. They arc of the consolidated type,
adapted for mountain climbing, and were
built after original plans prepared by Su-
perintendent ot Machinery John Player and
other members of the Santa Fe mechanical
department. Their construction was in a
sense an experiment, as, if they prove sat-
isfactory in heavy mountain service, a num-
ber of similar engines will be built.
With the except Ion of the engine now pull-
ing tin* "plug,'' these are the tlrst engines
to be built at the Santa Fe shops in tbi ,
city since the Player engines were built
several years ago.
Dnionpee l»y Flood.
Kansas City, Mo., May 6.—Though the
Missouri river is gradually falling here, sev-
eral railroads whose tracks run close to the
Missouri near the mouth of the Big Blue
river, about two miles below here, iri
much concerned over a threatened loss of
roadbed. At that point the Missouri is rap-
idly cutting the banks, and the tracks of
the Air line have already been undermined,
even after 200 tons of limestone had beten
thrown In to protect the banks. The Air
line, the Missouri Pacific and the Santa Fe
companies have combined their forces In
an attempt to stem the current.
SoutlieiiNtern Co ml net orn.
Houston. Tex.. May 6.—Tho Atlanta spe-
cial passed through to-day, bearing the
purty of railway conductors to Los Angeles,
Cal., to attend the meeting of the grand
division of the Order of Railway Conduct-
ors. There were seventy conductors and a
majority had their families with them.
They were from Atlanta. Savannah, Macon,
Way cross, Augusta, Montgomery,/ Selma,
Knoxvllle, Birmingham, Memphis, Jackson,
Chattanooga and other points In that sec-
tion.
Palestine Note*.
Palestine, Tex., May 5.—Colonel T. M.
Campbell, general manager of the Interna-
tional and Great Northern, came in this
morning from Austin.
J. II. Hill, manager of the Galveston,
Houston and Henderson, spent yesterday in
the city.
J. C. Gregory, division superintendent of
the International and Great Northern, went
over the northern portion of the road yes-
terday.
Mexican Central tltlleerN.
Boston, Mass., May 6.™The board of di-
rectors of the Mexican Central railway to-
day elected these oftlcers; A. A. Robinson,
president; Robert R. Simonds, vice presi-
dent; R. Rollins Morse, second vice presU
dent and chairman of the finance commit-*
Stimulate tlie SIiiukInIi Kill 11 ey*.
In addition to its tonio and cathartic prop-
erties, Hostetter's Stomach Bitters exer-
cises a benetlclal Influence upon the kidneys
and bladder, when they are inactive, by
stimulating them to renewed exertion, thus
reopening, as it were, a sluice for the es-
cape of impurities whose regular channel
of exit Is the organs of urination. Among
these aro certain abnormal and Inflammato-
ry elements, productive of irreparable Injury
to tho system It not entirely expelled. The
kidnevs and bladder themselves are also
benefited by this stimulus, as their inactivi-
ty Is usually a preliminary to their disease
and disorganization. They also experience,
in common with other portions of the sys-
tem. the potent Invigorative effects of the
Bitters, which furthermore corrects disor-
dered conditions of tho stomach, bowels and
liver*
A TEXAS BUILDING.
Col. Ilrooker Working In the Interest
ol' the Tennessee Centennial.
Colonel W. 11. Brooker of San Antonio,
who is one of the commissioners appointed
by the governor of Tennessee to represent
the state of Texas at the Tennessee cen-
tennial, arrived here yesterday evening. One
of the objects of his visit is to interest
the business men of Galveston in behalf of
the Texas exhibit* Colonel Brooker said:
"l have but recently returned from Nash-
ville, Tenn., my visit there being for tho
purpose of obtaining a site for the Texas
building 011 the grounds. The managy ment
of the centennial at once offered us lirst
choice of lots, and we selected one in a
very good location. We have entered into
a contract for the faithful reproduction of
the Alamo as the representative building of
Texas. The cost of the building will bo
$2000, and the contractor has agreed to have
it finished within ten days. About $1000
will he required to properly decorate the
Interior. The building will provide splen-
did facilities for a good display of the ex-
hibits and resources of oup state. We aro
of the opinion that the present crop and
fruit prospects will permit1 us to make one
of the finest exhibitions at the exposition
of any of the southern states. In order
that we can adequately do this we aro
making an appeal to the business men of
the cities for material aid in this enter-
prise. Galveston, as the great seaport city
of the state and of the south, will, we be-
lieve, receive considerable benefit from such
an advertisement."
Colonel Brooker went on to say that Tex-
as was the great state for the homeseeker,
and an exhibit worthy of tin* state would
turn many of them in this direction. The
settling u|t of the land meant greater im-
ports and exports through the ports of
the state, lie Is desirous of meeting the
business men of the city to ascertain if
some concerted action looking to the ad-
vancement or the enterprise can not be
brought about.
DEVLIN REFUSES.
He Will Not Aeeept 11 Position on the
Hoard of Appraisers.
When the city council at its meeting on
Wednesday night elected Messrs. Fen Can-
non, I. Lovenberg and Harry Devlin as the
new board of appraisers those gentlemen
had not been consulted as to their wishes in
the matter and were entirely ignorant of
such selection. They were seen yesterday,
and stated that they had heard of their ap-
pointment through Tho News for the first
time. Mr. Fen Cannon. In answer to tho
question as to whether he would serve, re-
plied that he thought he would under tho
circumstances. Mr. Lovenberg also stated
that he would serve If the other appointees
accepted the trust. When Mr. Devlin was
approached, however, he stated emphatical-
ly that he would not serve. He said in ex-
planation that he had served on the board
of appraisers once already and did not de-
sire to do so again.
Tho refusal of Mr. Devlin to act will ne-
cessitate another meeting of the council to
(III the vacant place.
City Assessor Jennett stated yesterday
that as far as tlie assessments which have
already been made are concerned, he in-
tended to act according to ht» best judgment
in each individual case. Where he found. In
his opinion, that the assessments should be
lowered, ho Intended to do so. and the same
when he thought they should be raised. So
far about 2100 property holders have exam-
ined their assessments. Of this number
about 1*00 had accepted them without ques-
tion. while about ;luo complained of them
being too high.
IteKlNtration ol' Voters. 1
Voters to the number of 154 registered
yesterday, making a total of 1323 for the
three days the registrar's office has been
open. _
IMurrlime License.
Orloff Claude Marr to May Bell Branard.
World's Columbian exposition was of vaN
ue to the world by illustrating the improve-
ments in mechanical arts, and eminent phy-
sicians will tell you that progress In medl-
dual agents has been of equal Importance,
and as a strengthening laxative that Syrup
of Figs is far 1n advance of all others.
BEAUTIFUL
SKIN
Soft, Whtto Hands with Shapely Nails, Loin-
riant llai r with Clean, Wholesome Scalp, pro-
duced by Cutiooka Soap, tho moat effective
akiu purifying and beautifying soap in the
world, as well as purest and sweetest, for
toilet, bath, and nursery. The only preventive
of inflammation and clogging ot the Pores.
(uticura
Soap la «old throughout the world. Potti* Dbco An
Cu«m. Co hi*.. Sole i'ropi., Bo*ton, U. S. A.
UJT " How to l'urlfy and Beautify th* Skin, S«aJp»
aud Hair," mailed free.
DADV UIIMHDQ Itching and icaty. Itatantfy i*-"
DnD I nUIYlUKO Ueved oy Cuticu«a Riudibs.1
AUCTION SALE).
SPECIAL AUCTION SALE JmX
Bv Fritter & Perry, 2210 p.o.st.
On account of our Mr. Fritter having t<5
sell the Winnie land sale on Saturday, wo
will se.l to-day pes. Cottonades. slightly
damaged; 50 boxes Assorted Dried anil
Canned Fruits. Sardines, Tobacco, etc.
Household Furniture of all descriptions.
Goods received up to hour of sale.
LHUAL NOTICES.
NO. 2670.—THE STATE OF TEXAS—T®
the Sheriff or any Constable of Galveston
County- Greeting. Alice Welch, adminis-
tratrix of the estate of Mary Garrlgan, de-
ceased. having tiled in our county court her
tinal account of tho condition of the estate
of the said deceased, together with an ap-
plication to be discharged from said ad-
ministration. you arc hereby commanded
that, bv publication of this writ for twen-
ty days In n newspaper regularly published
lu the county of Galveston, you give due
notice to all persons Interested in tha ad-
ministration of said estate to tile their ob-
jections thereto, if any they have, on orN
before tho May term of said county court,
commencing and to be holden at the court
house of said county, in the city of Gal-
veston, on the third Monday In May, A. D.
1887, when said account and application will
bo considered by said court.
Witness. Geo. 11. Law. jr., clerk of tho
county court of Galveston county. Given
under" my hand and seal of said court, «t
my office In the city of Galveston, this 14th
day of April. A. D. 18i»7.
(Seal.) GEO. H. LAW. JR., Clerk County
Court. Galveston Co., by G. F. BURGESS,
Deputv Clerk. A true copy. 1 certify. HEN-
RY THOMAS. Sheriff Galveston County. bj|
JOHN A. K1RL1CKS, Deputy Sherift
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The Galveston Daily News. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 56, No. 44, Ed. 1 Friday, May 7, 1897, newspaper, May 7, 1897; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth442336/m1/3/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.