The Temple Daily Telegram (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 183, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 19, 1913 Page: 1 of 8
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State
Service
CENTRAL TEXAS' GREATEST NEWSPAPER—LARGEST NET PAID CIRCULATION OF ANY PAPER PUBLISHED BETWEEN DALLAS ANJX HOUSTON.
^RlCE FIVE CENTS
ATTEMPT TO
MONOPOLIZE
OIL TRADE
THESE REPUBLICAN SENATORS WILL
LEAD HOT FIGHT ON TARIFF BILL
WHEN DEBATE OPENS ON FLOOR
state shows connection be-
tween magnolia company"
AND THE standard.
OFF-COLOR METHODS
Whenever and Wbei*vw Possible
Corsloan* Con rem Disorganized
Pierce-Pordyce Hales I>e|>ort-
nvents by Hiring Their Men
3S3MKV*
mmt
tssogfrion
TEMPLE, TEXAS, THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 19,1913.
"-v-
TEXAS FACING INSURANCE
CRISIS; FIRE COMPANIES
THREATEN TO WITHDRAW
New Laws That Co Into'Effect July First Have
Aroused General Protest Among High
Officials of the Big: Concerns Doing Busi-
ness in This State. *
MRS. J. BORDEN HARRIMAN SELECTED
BY PRESIDENT WILSON TO BE MEMBER
OF NEW INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION
DALLAS, Tex., June 18.—The
1^9,000,000 oil trust penalty and
ouster hfiaring here today went into
the business method* of various
Standard Oil companies of the Mag-
nolia Oil company of Texas. It
touched on rising oil prices of the
past year, the state pointing out that
this rise was coincident with the
Magnolia's cancellation of a contract
to deliver certain oils to the Pierce-
Fordyce Oil association, and the de-
fense claiming the rise was due to
unusual uncertainty in the market.
It brought out many details of- an al-
leged campaign of the Magnolia to
break down the Plerce-Fordyce asso-*
ciatlon by taking over the best men
of the latter's sales department.
The state produced evidence that
some Standard Oil products are so
identical, as manufactured by the
various Standard companies, that
they can be purchased interchangea-
bly from which ever point the cheap-
est freight rate is obtainable. The
state again developed testimony
along the line that the Magnolia is
trying to drive out Pierce-Fordyce so
as to get a monopoly of Standard
products in Texas. The defense as-
serted that the Magnolia is displacing
Standard Oil brands as rapidly as
possible, and substituting its own
manufactured products instead.
A. C. Ebie, head of the Magnolia
sales department was on the stand
all day.
Warned Not to Laugh.
Commissioner Charles C. Robey
warned everyone at the hearing "in
all due respect and all kindness" : BISHOP CHANDLER URGES THAT j
NEW YOHK, June 18.—Repre- , to see the new rates before saying
sentatives of sixty of the one hundred that we could not do business under
and eighteen fire insurance com- j them."
panies doing business in the state of This statement was given out by
Texas met in New York this after- Mr. Reese:
noon to discuss the insurance eitua- j "The conference of companies de-
tion in that state, possibly with a felded that at the present time it is
view to withdrawing in the face of i inadvisable to re-establish the fire
legislation which they consider in-' prevention association of Texas and
imical. referred the question to the disposi-
No official action was taken on the i tion of the property now In the hands
question of withdrawing but it was , Of the bureau to the bureau commit- j
said unofficially that a resolution tee of state agents to act under ad-
looking to such action might be con- vice of counsel."
Bidered. The companies object to Unofficial reports were that soma
what is known as the "technical'de- of the companies, dissatisfied with
fense" and the "antl co-insurance ; the "technical defense" and "anti
law" and to recent rulings of the co-insurance" laws recently enacted
Texas state insurance commission. j by the Texas legislature and by re-
May Not Withdraw. i 'cent rulings of the state insurance
WASHINGTON, June 18.—Repub- the sugar schedule, and Senator
At the end of the meeting, late
tonight the chairman, Henry \E.
Reese, vice president of the Aetna
| company of Hartford, Conn., an-
nounced that the companies intended
commission contemplated withdraw-
ing from the state.
Don't Like New Laws.
Dallas, Tex., June 18.—Coupled
with the statement that the insur-
ance leaders are meeting
liean leaders In the senate are work- Smoot will command the anti-free tQ continue in bu8ine8B ,n the 8tate
ing hard in preparation for their wool debate. Senator La Follette,! „ . , . . .... - . . ,
fight against the tariff bill now being who has amendments which amount th COmnanfes°:from Tpim hheTn ' v*C'1 dera are meetinS Jn New I
1 rounded into shape for debate. Sen- practically to a new bill, plans to ! 9 ^ TeXa8 h*d b6#B 1°* the announcement that
ator Penrose of Pennsylvania, rank-1 make a speech that will extend over What • been digcU88ed fae ad- attornev^'onhL waTto Tex'""
ing Republican member of the f,n- a week. Others who are prepar-, ded wag wfaether e prevention
ance committee is to lead the oppo- ing long tariff arguments include j a88ociation of Texas> with headquart.
sition on the floor after the b.ll is Senators Borah, Cummins. Week., at Da shou,d bg _
reported. The measure may no Lodge. Root Burton, .McCumber and ed in yjew Qf legislation uklng from ,M wi„ consen* tQ ^ 7no "d on the
reach the senate until the end of Gall nger. The minority members of the companie8 a voice ln rate mak_1 outlook PHvatelv theHay that the
June. Senator Smith of Michigan is the finance committee are already at ing - ' aieiy mey say tnai me
%
m
<$
■■ *
NEW Fl
judge robert s. lov
summoned to tell w \
he knows.
SENSATIONAL PAPE1
Correspondence Shows That Beet
Magnate and His Assistant* Work-
ed Hard to Pack Senate Commit-
tee on Philippine Free Trade
make a personal investigation of the
fire situation and the new laws.
preparing to lead the fight against , work on their report.
SCORES CARNEGIE
AND PROPOSED GIFT
TO VANDERBILT
TO CROSS ATLANTIC
IN A DIRIGIBLE
Some of the companies, he as- new law, which is effective the first
serted, had thought it would be well , of July, has aroused a most general
to revive the association which has /protest among the high officials of
! been inactive for several years so
J that fire insurance companies might
act through it in concert should ac-
tion become necessary hereafter.
Will Obey the Law.
"We intend to obey the law in
Texas and go right on doing busi-
1
Count Zeppelin Believes That He Can
Make the Voyage In Three
Days.
many insurance companies of the
north and east that do business in
Texas.
"I am not disposed to make pre-
dictions," said one general agent,
"but I would not be surprised if
many of the companies will decide
neaa as before," Mr. Reese said. "Of j that it is impossible to do business
course, we don't expect to sell gold under the new law. Our policy con-
dollars for 75 cents. We should want; tracts will be practically of no avail."
WASHINGTON, June 18—The
senate lobby investigation reached
out into new fields today wh-an the
senate, acting on a resolution by
Senator Norris ordered the commit-
tee to subpoena Judge Robt. S. Loy-
ett, chairman of the board of direct-
ors of the Union Pacific railroad, to
explain a statement credited to him
yesterday in Netv York that loobyista
had sought to secure employment
from the Union Pacific on the ground
that they would be able to influence,
a settlement of the Union Pacific
—-Southern Pacific dissolution case
in Washington.
Earlier in the day the committee
had made public, over the pretest of
a lawyer representing Henry T. Ox-
nard and Truman G. Palmer, a series
of letters written by these two beeti
WASHINGTON, June 18.—Mrs. J. | tion of the import duties on house- ! sugar representatives showing a long?^
Borden Harriman of New York has hold necessities. The industrial continued effort to influence iegisla-**"
been selected for appointment as a commission is to be composed of tion in Washington; to control con-
member of the industrial commis- nine members, of whom three are to gressional committees, and to direct
sion. It was said that no woman represent the public at large, three j national political affairs in Bupport
ever had been appointed to an of- to represent capital and three to rep-] of the continuance of a protective
fice of the same character and im- resent labor. It is supposed that Mrs. sugar tariff.
portance. Mr6. Harriman married a Harriman will be one of the repre- j New Witness Summoned.
nephew of the late E. H. Harriman. sentatives of the people. The com- ! Chairman Overman had iiot de-
She has been prominent as a social mission w ill undertake an exhaust- | termined tonight when the iailroad
worker, and the president is well ac- ive investigation of the relations be- phase of the investigation would be
quainted with her activities in that j tween capital and labor and indus- opened. A summons was sent today
direction. In the last presidential trial and economic conditions gener- \ to Chas. B. Warren of Detroit, preai-
campaign Mrs. Harriman was in ally. Mrs. Harriman is a member of dent of the Michigan Sugar com-
charge of the woman's section of the .the National Civic federation, the pany, to whom many of the Hamlin
democratic national committee, her Child Welfare association and the ; letters, produced yesterday, were ad-
particular task being to impress on New York milk committee. She is [ dressed, to appear before the com-
the women of the country the ad- acquainted with all of the prominent ! mittee tomorrow. He may be asked
_
I
vantages to be derived from a reduc- ; labor leaders in the country.
that there must be no laughter such
as there was yesterday.
Richard Maury then formally re-
quested Robey to instruct the Mag-
nolia employes present specifically
not to try to influence the proceed-
, ings by outbursts of any sort. Mr.
Terry of the defense objected to
Maury's statement going into record,
and it was not recorded, Maury say-
ing he was not speaking for the
record. Robey said his ruling ap-
plied to everyone. Assistant Attorn-
ey General Sweeton relieved the
' growing tenseness by remarking
that "I smile all the time and want
to be permitted to continue."
Mr. Ebie testified that from 188(5"
to 1910, before coming to the Mag-
nolia's employment he worked eith-
er for the Standard Oil company of
New Jersey or its subsidiaries. It in-
cluded the Waters-Pierce Oil com-',
pany for which he worked for a
time as Oklahoma division manager.
While working for the Standard Oil
company of New Jersey in -1910
he was called to 26 Broadway, New
York, where he received the offer to
come to Texas, this offer, he said,
leading to his present position.
At Standard Headquarters.
At this 26 Broadway meeting Ebie
said R: P- Tinsley, treasurer of the
Standard Oil company of New York
- called him in and introduced him to
E. R. Brown, who is vice president
and general manager of the Mag-
nolia. Brown made him the offer
to come to'Tfexas. Ebie said he or-
ganised the Magnolia's present mar-
keting department. When he began
this work, he hired as chief clerk,
E. D. Smith, who was then a travel-
ling auditor for the Waters-Pierce
Oil company. He got Smith from
St. Louis. Smith supplied a few
of the Waters-Pierce forms as models
for part of the Magnolia's marketing
department forms. Ebie said part
pf the Magnolia's barrels had been
purchased from the Standard Oil
company of New Jersey and some of
its tank wagons from ihe Standard
Oil of Ohio. / . ^ " »
J. Q. Tabor of Houston, manager
of the Magnolia's southern Texas
sales department came to the Mag-
nolia from the Pierce-Fordyce Oil
association and at increased salary.
Ebie said Tabor formerly worked for
the Waters-Pierce Oil company.
Tftbor began with the Magnolia at
16,000 per year and now draws $5,-
600. ^ i
Mr. Sweeton for the state, here
brought out the point that the pres-
ent sales department north Texas
division manager, E. M. Hackett, also
earn*'from the Pierce-Fordyce Asso-
ciation. Hackett's predecessors in
this position. Ebie said, were res-
[. \ pectiv«ty A. W. Wheeler, who. once
worked for the Standard Oil com-
pany ail a salesman, and W. O. Hause,
formerly a Waters-Pierce and Pierce-
million dollar dona-
tion be rejected.
SEVERE IN CRITICISM
Charges That "Steel-Monger" is Mak-
ing Shrewd Attempt to Get Pos-
session of Part of the Uni-
versity Property.
LONDON, June 18.—"Count Zep-
pelin a..d his technical staff at Fried-
erfchshafen are convinced that the
modern dirigible airship can cross
the Atlantic," says a Berlin dispatch
to the London Express, "and it is
probable that a voyage from Ger-
many to New York will be under-
taken this summer."
Count Zeppelin i9 said to
been in communication with
German government,
HENWOOD CONVICTED
SENTENCED TOBEATH
have
the
Denver Society Man Found Gnilty on
Second Trial and Highest
Penalty is Assessed.
THE WEATHER COTTON SEED POOL COAL DIGGERS
(Philosophical Pbellx.)
GRABBED OKLAHOMA
DENVER, June 18.—The Jury in
the second trial of Harold f. Hen-
which is dis- i wood for th® killing of Geo. E. Cope-
land, returned a verdict of first de-
\fj
prescribed the death penalty.
Henwood Bhot Copeland, Sylvester
Von Phul, of St. Louis and James W.
ATLANTA, Ga., June 18—Charges1 . I „ .. Atkinson iu the bar Toom of a local
that the recently announced gift hy ' u eppe a . hotel on tjj8 night of May 24, 1911.
Andrew Carnegie to the Vanderbilt e»iev^s that with good weather the j c0p«»land and Atkinson were by-
university at Nashville, Tenn.' "is j voyage could be made within three j standers and were hit by stray bul-
posed to regard his plan favorably gree murder late thteVa*ternoea and
j and in the event of*the voyage being
' undertaken several German warships
| would be stationed in the Atlantic to
not a donation but a shrewd attempt j days,
to get control of part of the Uni-
versity property," and that the re-
tired iron master is "dangling money
before the public with the purpose
of influencing legislation pending
over the university," are made in a
statement given out here today by
Bishop W. A. Candler of the M. E.
church, South.
Bishop Candler characterizes Mr.
Carnegie's offer of a donation to the
University as an "impudent proposal
of an agnostic steel-monger."
BUNCH OF NOMINATIONS
Among Those Appointed Wednesday
is A. P. Abies, Poetmaster at
TerreU, Texas.
WASHINGTON, June 18
^ w»«°° «».
Candler's statement related, "ap- 8enate a lon8 list of nominations, i»-
pears to be no gift but a shrewd j eludings
attempt to get control of a part of Minister to Portugal, Meredith
the property o fthe Vanderbilt uni- j Nicholson of Indiana
versity in order to set up a medical , ^
school fashioned according to the e°eiver of Public money at Lit-
reculiar ideas of Mr. Carnegie. }tle R°ck. Ark., a. M. Ward.
lets. Copeland and Von Phul died.
In the first trial Henwood was con- j
victed of murder ln the second de-
gree and sentenced to imprisonment i
for life. The Colorado supreme court
on February 1, 1913, reversed the
decision and remanded the case for
a new trial. Following this decision j
of the supreme court, sttorneys for j
Henwood secured the dismissal of !
the information in charging the mur-
der of Von Phul on the ground that !
"V\\\VUN'
N\_\_ DM
' »-
L'nder the Name of the "Sons of
Plato" the Business in that State
Was Well Monopolized.
GUTHRIE, Okla., June 18.—How
the cotton territory of this section
of Oklahoma was divided for the
purpose of controlling the cotton
seed situation and how agreements
were made with Arkansas, Missouri,
Illinois and Tennessee cotton seed oil
mills to let them have s certain ton-
nags of seed to keep out of this ter-
ritory. was told today by O. Brown,
a former bookkeeper for the W. H.
Coyle company, whose president, W.
H. Coyle, with others is on trial
charged with forming a cotton
"pool." Brown testified as to the
method of operations of the '"Sons
of Plato," the name the "trust" was
known by, and how the New State
OF WEST VIRGINIA
DECIDE ON STRIKE
FIFTEEN THOUSAND
WILL DROP THEIR PICKS
NEXT WEEK.
SENATORS CLOSE INQUIRY
Taking of Testimony at Charleston
Suspended and Committee Re-
turns to Washington—Mar-
tine May Be Investigated
CHARLESTON, W. Va., June 18.
for more details of the beet sugar
| publicity campaign.
I Late ln the afternoon the cOBtnlt-
! tee abandoned temporarily the sugar
j protection lobby and took up free
I sugar, calling Frank C. Lowry, of
j New York who directed much of the
I free sugar publicity un4er the ae-
I sociation name of the "committee of
j Wholesale Grocers."
Mr. Lowry admitted he * as em-
ployed by the Federal Sugar Refla-
j ing company and agreed that free
sugar would benefit the cane sugar
MINERS ; refiners.
The Oxnard-Palmer letteis were
the chief feature of in exciting day.
They covered a period from 1906,
when Philippine free trade come up.
through the balance of the Roosevelt
administration, the political cam-
paign of 1908 and into the Tsrft ad-
ministration.
The Ox nard Letters.
Most of the Oxnard letters were
written in longhand and signed
"Henry T. Oxnard." Some of the
Palmer letters were typewritten
carbon copies, but were identified by
Harry Austin, clerk in Palmer's of-
fice.
Assurances that certain fenatnrs
would be on the senate Philippine
committee, "that ho stone wts beln;;
left unturned to get real protection-
ists" on the house ways and m<
Tl
Washington, June 18.—Forecast:
East Texas—Local thunder show-
Brokerage company was organised to A general strike of miners in the New committee; and that strong pre
pr"'- a Fruur eioud"
A" 'dUSto £ h,V6 tiei r"W* '" Tex^LocI thmdor .how-
land case dismissed on a plea of! ^ . . j
' . . , ., . v ers Thursday; Friday fair and
former jeopardy failed.
N<
In
empipye.
9r Wheek
oil business when they
l her Wheeler, nor Hause were
■■^■'we»
ON PAGE THREE*
"The Vanderbilt university be-
longs to the Methodist Episcopal
Church South. The church's owner-
ship having been denied, suit was
brought sometime ago to settle the
question and the chancery court de-
cided every point in the church's
favor. From that decision an ap-
peal was taken and is now pending
ln the supreme court of Tennessee.
"To this Mr. Carnegie makes allu-
sion in,his letter, putting his offer
in such relation to this suit as to
make it tantamount to dangling
(CONTINUED ON PAGE THREE)
Registerer of the land office at
Little Rock, John W. Allen.
Postmaster, A. P. Abels, Terrell,
Texas.
Other Texas postmasters nominat-
ed today were: Thos. A. Stafford,
Robstown; Edward Kennedy, Anson;
Annie F. Higbee, Slaton; B. P.
Porter, Dekalb; N. F. Farmer, Gra-
ham; Robert W. Bennett, Kennedy;
Alice C. Cheney, Mount Pleasant; L.
H. Slater, Stanton; Tom R. Stewart,
Whitney. \W <.
TO MAKE BAD BOY GOOD
OPERATION IS PERFORMED
PHILADELPHIA, June 18—An , good boy when he first went to school
operation which the surgeons declare
will make a good boy of eight year
old Claire H. Jameson was perform-
ed yesterday in the West Philadel-
phia homeopathy hospital, where a
piece of bone about two inches long
and one inch wide was renloved from
the boy's sknli.
- The child, it yas stated, was a
three years ago. His second year
he was not quite so good and Bince
then he has been a terror, to hie
teacher, parents and other children.
An.x-ray operation disclosed the
fact that there was a depression in
his skull, probably the result of »
fall or a blow which the surgeons some lect'
«sy caused the change in the hoy's
deportment ~ -
In both trials Henwood took the
stand as the prfncipal witness for the
defense. He admitted the killing and
pleaded self-defense.
Henwood testified that his quarrel
with Von Phul resulted from an at-
tempt he made to secure letters
which had been written to Von Phul
by Mrs. John W. Springer, a Denver
society woman and wife of a banker
and stock raiBer. Mrs. Springer was !
divorced by her husband after the
shooting. In the secon4 trial just
closed, Springer took the stand in
behalf of Henwood.
NEW UGHT ON ALAMO
Gov. Colquitt Says Defenders Made
Last Stand in Court Yard,
Not in ChapeL
warmer.
4 EDITORS ARRESTED
Four Seattle Newspaper Men Are
Charged With Criminal Libel—
Indictments Secretly Returned
continue the work of the "Sons." , River coal field, district No. 29, Unit
Letters between members of the, ed Mine Workers of America, will,
brokerage company were read by
Attorney General West.
"Always remember the big stick,"
wrote Coyle to Mr. Page, another
member, and also "we'll put in a lit-
tle wedge this year and drive it in
next year." -
SAN ANTONIO, Tex,, June 18.—
New light was shed,.on the battle
of the Alamo by Governor Colquitt
here today. The famous "last stand"
of the Alamo defenders, says the
governor, "was made in the long
court yard of the fort and not in
the chapel, ak history and tradition
have said anfa as Texans have lonf
popularly beMeved.
The governor said he would give
ln the state to "ra-
the people concerning
liably inf
the Xi«hU"
SEATTLE, June 18.—Four editors
were arrested here today on secret
indictments charging criminal libel,
returned last night by a special grand
jury.
Alden J. Blethen, editor of tfie
Seattle Times and his son, Clarence
B. Blethen, managing editor, are
charged with having criminally
libeled Joseph Jarvis, a socialist agi-
tator, by printing an article alleging
that he had absconded with party
funds.
LeRoy Sanders, editor of the Seat-
tle Star, ia charged with having crim-
inally libeled a county official during
the grand jury investigation Of
charges against the county commis-
sioners.
Edward Clayaon, Sr., editor of the
Patriarch, a weekly paper. Is accused
of having eriminally libeled the
judges of the superior court by mak-
ing attacks on their
Currency Reform.
Washington, June 18.—Representa-
tive Glass called at the white house
tonight to submit the results of an-
other day's work on the draft of the
administration currency reform bill, j some of the operators will grant
It was said that the president would J terms agreeable to their employes,
probably begin tomorrow his proposed In alj instances, it is intimated,
conferences with the members of the
senate and house banking and cur-
rency committees.
could and was being brought to be
upon members of both housen to ja< -
be called next week, according to an compllsh various ends, appealed fre-
announcement tonight of Thomas quently in the series of letters. Chalr-
Haggerty, member of the Interna- ; man Overman's first effort to read
tional miners' board, fifteen thous-i one of the Oxnard letters when the
and men are employed in the New j committee began its sessions, brought
river field.
The decision to call a general
strike was reached today at Beckley,
West Virginia. Whether 15,000
miners will be idle depends upon
what concessions may be granted by
the operators. It is believed that
(CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO.))
SHEPPARD DISCOVERS JOKER
IN UNDERWOOD TARIFF BILL
UFi '
ife
lit -
•• '■ i ••
mm
WASHINGTON, June IS.—An
eleventh hour discovery that the
sugar schedule of the Underwood
tariff bill had a "joker" in it, which
would have operated to make all
refined sugar dutiable at two cents
a pound and nullify the provision for
free sugar after three years, resulted
today in an amendment by majority
members of the senate finance com-
mittee.
Elimlnatira in the Underwood bill
of the Dutch standard of color, it
was discovered, made applicable to
all refined sugar a paragraph from
the Payne-Aldrlch hill relating to
confectionery, which Included the
(oUowing words, "sugars after being
IIIIiIm
refined, when tinctured, colored or
ln any way adulterated, two centa
per pound." * ~
Senator Sheppard of Texas, who
was petitioned by the chamber of
commerce of Greenville, Texas, to
look into the provisions which they
believed might defeat the purpoee of
the administration and the majority
ln congress as to ultimate free sugar,
called attention to the matter. It
was suggeeted that the bill as it
stood be so construed aa to apply to
all xsflaed sugar which is colored
with ultra marine.
The Dutch standard, which was
taken out ln the house bill, stipu-
iCONTINUED *ON PAGE TWO)
a protest from John Tyrkes, an at-
torney representing Oxnard and
Palmer. HuT*declared the committee
had no right to go into "privute cor-
respondence" dated before the pres-
ent session of congress. The com-
mittee decided that the letters bore
dlgectly upon the attempts of Oxnard
Palmer to influence legislation
they were at onee made public.
The committee teelght granted the
quest of Melrille BKStone, of New
ork, general manager of the As-
sociated Press, who asked to be al-
lowed to teatlfy tomorrow regarding
claims made la sonlaof the Hamlin
letters, produced yesterday, as to the
public!, y ihe beet sugar Interests
hoped to eecare through the Asso-
ciated Prees. ' W,
Free Traders Heard.
The free sugar forcee, which
fought Oxnard, Palmer, Hamlin and
other anti-free sugar men for many
years, got their first innings, when
Lowfy took the stand. He teetlfied
that he was general sales sgent df
the Federal Sugar Refining Com-
pany, that his salary was ft*,*00 a
year and that commissions brought
nis total earnings close to $17,000
per annum.
He said he really
Smith Mid Shipper of k York,
are
He thought
*6,000 of hia
the
paid
mtr)
m ** i.
Sr.
.. ■ ■r. ,«j
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Williams, E. K. The Temple Daily Telegram (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 183, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 19, 1913, newspaper, June 19, 1913; Temple, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth471836/m1/1/: accessed April 23, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.