Temple Daily Telegram (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 133, Ed. 1 Tuesday, March 28, 1916 Page: 1 of 10
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Texas Digital Newspaper Program and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Abilene Library Consortium.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
» PAGES
TODAY '
DAILY TELEGRAM
MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS, CARRYING FULL LEASED WERE DAY AND NIGHT REPORT
LAST EDITION
2:30 A. M.
PRICE FTVE CENTS
UNITED SMS
IF
TROUBLE WITH
TEUTON ALLIES
SUBMARINE ISSUE LOOMS UP AS
RESULT OF RECENT ATTACKS
ON MERCHANTMEN.
TEMPLE, TEXAS, TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH 28,1916.
President Wilson, Always Anxious to
Avoid a Break With the Central
Powers, May Lay the Whole Con
troversjr Before the House and
Senate For Final Action on Matter.
WASHINGTON, March 27.—It was
authorltatlevly stated today that the
president would communicate the
situation fully to congress before
taking any ' definite steps which
might lead to a rupture of diplo-
matic relations as a result of the
attacks on the steamers Sussex and
Englishman.
With all evidence indicating that
the British channel steamer Sussex,
carrying American citizens, was the
victim of a torpedo, it was stated
authoritatively here today that if a
German submarine made the attack
the imperial government would disa-
vow the act, punish the submarine
commander, offer reparation and
satisfy the United States that the
act was In violation of instructions.
Thus it seemed tonight that the is-
sue might narrow down to the ques-
tion of whether the United States
would be willing to accept such a
declaration from the Berlin govern-
ment.
President Wilson is awaiting with
deep concern the receipt of conclu-
sive evidence not only In regard to
the the Sussex, aboard which sev-
eral Americans narrowly escaped
death, but as to the sinking of the
British steamship Englishman. One
American life is said In the latest
official reports to have been lost
when the Englishman went down.
Already it was intimated at the
state department the United States has
In its possession lnformatioh suffici-
ent to warrant the making of an in-
quiry of the German government as
to whether any of its submarines
fired a torpedo at the Sussex or the
Englishman.
President Await* Details.
The president, however, holds the
opinion that all the details avail-
able should be at hand before def-
inite action of any kind is taken.
It is known that the president is
seriously considering going before
congress and laying the entire ques-
tion of submarine warfare before
the members of the senate and
house. Certainly he will communi-
cate the situation fully to congress
before taking any definite steps
which might lead to the severance
of diplomatic relations.
Official expression of the attitude
of the administration was avoided
today, but high officials made no
attempt to minimize the gravity of
the situation which will confront the
United States if it is established con-
clusively that a German submarine
sank the Sussex, an unarmed, peace-
ful passenger carrying vessel.
President Wilson was in constant
VOL. IX. NO. 133
MAN CHARGED WITH MURDER HAS
DUAL PERSONALITY,SAYS EXPERT
IS DENIED
Senate Conference Learns Situation Is Well
in Hand and Decides to Leave Mexican
Problems With the Administration.
METTLE OF U.S.TA00PS
STANDS TEST IN MEXICO
Campaigning Under Difficulties, Officers
and Men Prove Themselves Soldiers to
Manner Born—Villa's Movements,
® fy VNee+i*
£ t/A/pr<Ly*° c^>
Dr. Arthur W. Waite.
t v " 2r r.Ar.thu[ Warren Waite, of New York, is guilty of the murder of
John E. Peck, the millionaire drug manufacturer of Grand Rapids Mich."
This is the statement of Francis X. Mancuso, head of the homicide depart-
ment of the New York state's attorney's office, who has investigated the
case. He says Waite has a dual personality; that he waa .at the same
time a polished, educated gentleman, and one of the worst criminals of th<r
age.
Miss Zola May Cramer, Young Trained Nurse, Is Found
Strangled to Death on Campus of Oak Cliff High
School—Motive For Crime Not Yet Established.
Continued on Page Two.)
NEWS PRINT PAPER SOARS
Higher Prices Brought About By
War Conditions May Materially
Affect Business of Publishers,
WASHINGTON, March 27.—A reso-
lution for an investigation of the news
print paper situation by t'ne depart-
ment of commerce was introduced in
the house today by Representative
Copley of Illinois. Much of the sup-
ply of raw material for print paper
that came from Germany, Norway
and Sweden was cut off by the war.
Other material Is being shipped from
this country to Europe for use in the
manufacture of munitions, the reso-
tlon says. An opinion is asked on the
advisability of placing an embargo
on raw material. According to Mr.
Copley, the price of paper has ad-
vanced so far that the lives of many
•mall newspapers are threatened.
WORLD COURT CONGRESS.
To Prevent Future Wars Is Object
of Meeting in May.
New York, March 27.—The world
court will be held in this city May
I, I and 4 Instead of at Louisville,
Ky., the executive committee an-
nounced after a committee meeting
here today. Delegates from every
neutral state in the world are ex-
pected to attend. The speakers will
Includo Win. H. Taft, Alton B. Park-
er and Senators Lawrence S. Sher-
man, Warren G. Harding, Wm. Alden
Smith and Albert B. Fall.
The purpose of the congress will
he to promote the movement for the
establishment of an International
court of justice without reference
to any Issue which deals with con-
ditions prior to the end ©t the war
WWVWWWWWSAAAAAAA^AAA^
OUEKYLIIID li-
HE IN REM. LIFE?
NEW YORK, March 27.—Virulent
disease germs were purchased by Dr.
Arthur Warren Waite, under arrest
here on the charge of poisoning his
millionaire father-in-law, John E.
Peck of Grand Rapids, Mich., accord-
ing to evidence District Attorney Ed-
ward Swann said he obtained today.
Wm. Weber, an attendant at the
Cornell Medical school laboratory, Mr.
Swann asserted, told.him that between
Dec. 17 and March *8, \7aite obtained
from him live cultures of typhoid,"
diphtheria and other diseases, the
young dentist declaring he was a phy-
sician and was experimenting on cats.
Peck died March 21, a d his wife six
weeks earlier, both at Walte's home
hsre. Three days before Peck died,
Waite purchased arsenic, he told the
district attorney. Autopsies on the
body of Peck disclosed substantially
the game quantity of arsenic that
Waite purchased on March 9.
An analysis of Peck's vital organs
will be made, Mr. Swa; n said, to learn
if they show the presence of germs
similar to those purchased by Waite.
Woman in the Case Talks.
. Mr.g. Marguerite Horton, the woman
who shared a "sludio" with Waite at
a hotel here, gave further information
regarding the dentist's interest In
germs. Mrs. Horton was Identified by
Weber as having been with >/alte on
several occasions when ho purchased
germs and she recognized Weber as
the cle.rk who sold then. Dr. Waite
told her, she Informed Mr. Swann,
that he was interested in bacterio-
logical research . work and had put
the germs under a microscope so she
could see them "wipgle."
The authorities are considering
whether to investigate the death of
Mrs, Peck, whose illness was similar
to that of her husband. Mrs. Peck's
body was cremated but Mr. Swann,
said he may . rder a chemical analysis
of the ashes In an effort to find traces
of poison.
Trained Nurse's Statement.
A trained nurse who attended Mrs.
Peck shortly before she died at
Walte's apartments has ma<". • a state-
ment, Mr. Swann said, that on the
evening of Jan. 29, she was virtually
(Continued on Page Two.)
DALLAS, Texas, March 27.—City
and county authorities were com-
pletely at loss tonight to explain the
motive for the murder in a suburban
park last night of Miss Zola May
Cramer, 24, a trained nurse. The
body was found early today In the
park surrounding the Oak Cliff high
school building. Nearby was found
her purse containing $26 and other
articles of Jewelry, indicating rebbery
was not a motive. City physicians,
however, expressed the belief the
woman had been criminally assaulted,
but no official announcement to this
effect was forthcoming tonight.
Miss Cramer's body was found early
today lying on Its back, hands clinch-
ed, and tongue protruding, on the
campus of the Oak Cliff high school
by the Janitor of the building. Her
clothing was disarranged and tlHre
were finger marks on the throat, In-
dicating there had been a struggle.
Her purse, lying nearby, apparently
had not been opened, while across a
street from the place the body was
found, lay Miss Cramer's watch and
the contents of her suit case, scat-
tered about the street and lawn.
Murdered Early in Night.
Miss Cramer returned from Browns-
boro, Texas, last night the train ar-
riving at 7:30. Her room was lo-
cated within a block of the point
where her body was found indicating
she was murdered at 8 o'clock last
night. She is said to have been on a
professional call to the home of D.
R. Bright at Brownsboro, and on her
homeward Journey to have been ac-
companied by a son of Mr. Bright,
who is supposed to have left the
train at Tyler, 90 mile3 south of Dal-
las.
Several persons in the neighborhood
of the crime told the police today
they had heard a woman screaming
about 8 o'clock last night, but said
they had paid little attention to the
incident.
The body of Miss Cramer is held
here pending Instructions from her
father and sister, who are believed to
live at Maggie, W. Va. Miss Cramer
was very popular at places she was
known in Dallas, having been active
In a local "baby camp" and In work
of charity.
WASHINGTON, March 27.—Fail-
ure of the senate republicans to take
any action at a conference today on
the Mexican situation, left the ■ad-
ministration unhampered in dealing
with the problem.
The conference was called with
the purpose of considering steps to
force the dispatch of additional
troops to the border for patrol duty.
In the face of official advices deny-
ing alarming reports, however, of
General Funston's apparent confi-
dence that ho has enough men for
any emergency, the republicans ad-
journed with some of their leaders
agreeing that there was nothing to
do but support the administration's
plans at this time. .
Official advices confirmed press dis-
patches telling of the physical diffi-
culties encountered by General Fun-
ston in keeping a 200 mile supply
line In operation without the use of
railroads. While there is no short-
age of food or other supplies for
the troops at the front, cavalry
mounts already are on short rations.
Excitemcnt Is Subsiding.
Steps to meet the situation have
been taken by Secretary Baker, as
there Is no indication of an early
agreement on the part of the pro-
posed proctocol providing for the use
of Mexican lines by American troops.
Mr. Baker issued this statement late
today :
"All Information the department
has from the border shows conditions
to be quiet and the excitement of
the last few days somewhat allayed.
We have no dispatches indicating
actual conflict between American
soldiers and any forces of any kind
in Mexico.
"The expedition is, of course, mov-
ing forward and so lengthening the
line of communication. For that rea-
son, General Funston has requested,
and the department has purchased
two additional auto truck equipments
comprising fifty-four cars in all. In
addition to that General Funston
tells us that additional aeroplanes
will be of service, both Jn recon-
naissance work and in carrying mes-
sages from the advance column to
the base at Columbus. Of the aero-
planes already there, two have been
destroyed. Others have need of re-
placing parts, but two of them are
in actual continuous action. The
department is now negotiating for
the purchase of additional aero-
planes, but neither the number nor
type has been yet determined.
Wireless Communication Hampered.
"Wireless communication is re-
ported to be intermittent because of
the stadlc conditions in the clectric
field' there. For this reason addi-
tional importance to the request for
larger aeroplane equipment arose."
The secretary said the destruction
of two army aeroplanes had not been
explained as yet to the department.
Four of the remaining six machines
on tlie border were under repair,
leaving only two of the original eight
in actual service. The army has
plenty of skilled aviators to operate
the machines that will be purchased,
(Continued on Page Two.)
VILLA IRO
American Troops
in Close Pursuit
of Pancho Villa
CASAS GRANDES, Chihuahua,
March 27.— (By wireless to Co.
lumbus)—Villa is flying southwest
toward the foothills of the Sierras.
According to army rciiorts received
here today the rapidity of his flight
is precipitating the American pur-
suit. All arms of the service are
being used 111 an attempt to forcc
the bandit Into a corner.
The Mexican residents of this
section which have been ravaged
time and again by Vllllstas are
freely giving information concern-
ing his flight, supplies, armament
and strength to the American mili-
tary authorities. Willie much of
this information has been too In-
definite to be of value it Is pre-
sumed that the knowledge that the
Americans are kept Informed as to
Ills movements lias influenced the
bandit chieftain to the greatest
haste in his retreat.
Although the Cnlted States
troops are following closely In his
wake so far, it Is stilted no fight-
ing has taken plarc.
Day in Congress
IN THE SENATE.
Republicans conferred on Mexican
situation.
Debate on Indian appropriation bill
resumed.
Senate army bill reported as a sub-
stitute for the House bill.
Thomas Taggart sworn in as sena-
tor from Indiana.
Adjourned at 0:30 p. m. to noon
Tuesday.
IN THE HOt'SE.
Military and naval affairs commit-
tees held hearings on national de-
fense.
Debate on the Immigration bill
continued and a motion to strike out
the literacy test defeated.
Representative Copley introduced
resolution for an investigation of the
news print situation.
Adjourned at G:13 p. m. to 11 a.
m. Tuesday.
!
t THE WEATHER
WWWWWWW^WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW
Forecast.
East Texas: Tuesday fair, warmer
in eastern portion; Wednesday fair,
falling temperature in western por-
tion.
West Texas: Tuesday and WeJnes-
day fair; Wednesday falling tempera-
ture.
FIELD HEADQUARTERS, EXPE-
DITIONARY FORCE, COLON IA,
DUBLIN, Mex., March 26. — (By aero-
J plane to Columbus, N. M., March 27.)
—General J. J. Pershing announced
last night the establishment of a new
base In the pursuit of Villa. The sec-
ond base is mucn nearer the location
where the bandit is reported in pre-
cipitate retreat than the old base at
field headquarters.
The headquarters, it is presumed
will be maintained as an important
link in the supply bases. The bases
forming a strong military line read-
jily defensible, reaching a distance in-
to the interior of Mexico, which is
i considered remarkable In view of the
i fact that the army has had less than
j two weeks to bridge deserts, moun-
tains and many miles of barren land
without benefit of any railroad com-
munication.
Horses, mules and automobiles
have done their work and success
thus far has been on the ability of
| the cavalry to travel fast and far on
light rations. Several cavalry or-
ganizations have been out for con-
siderably more than a week after a
start made on a little beef, salt, cof-
fee and rice or beans. Not a word
of complaint has come back from
these troopers.
Sii|H'rlor N|>cod and Endurance.
Not a sight has been received at
the headquarters that they have any-
where faltered. Reports here give
j good cause for belief that thus far
j the American troopers have proven
themselves the superiors in speed and
I endurance of the Villa bandits.
There is, moreover confidence here
that the cavalry will continue its
good work for at least two or three
weeks, by which time it is hoped that
new organizations can be thrown
into the chase, The headquarters of-
ficers are all the more proud of the
cavalry's record, because it began
one of the longest and hardest
rides an American cavalry division
ever made.
The Americans still in camp here
express growing impationce to start |
southward, although they know that
tn the mountains, the cold is bitter
and the shelter on campaign duty Is
anything but comfortatde.
Villa's Plans Miscarry.
The officers who have ridden over
the various fronts near maintained in
the state of Guerrero, where Villa
fled when the United States expedi-
tion crossed the border, have dis-
covered numerous significant indica-
tions that Villa miscalculated com-
pletely when he expected that his Co-
lumbus raid by drawing an army into
Mexico, would cause a general upris-
ing against Americans in his favor.
The status of the chase today Is that
Villa is retiring contniually south-
ward. trying hard to force recruits
into his ranks, the men feeling the
pinch of hunger occasionally and hop-
ing for an early arrival of summer to
shield them against the cold of the
mountains they have retreated some-
where south of Namiquipa, in central
Chihuahua (the Guerrero district).
The one question of overshadowing
[OFF
HOT ENGAGEMENT FOUGHT FOR
POSSESSION' OF TRENCHES
IN ELOI VICINITY.
HIT imiUEir ACTION
French and Germans Continue to
Pound Each Other's Positions With
Big Guns Northwest and Northeast
of Verdun and in Woerve Region,
as Well as Other Sectors of Front.
(Continued on Page Two.)
S CAPTURE
5 EXPECTED SOON. REPORTS
Left Brownsboro Sunday.
Brownsboro, Texas, March 27.—
Miss 7. M. Cramer, the trained nurse
who was found murdered In Dallas
today left here yesterday afternoon
for Big Sandy, Texas, the Junction
point of the Cotton Belt and Texas &
Pacific railroads, en route to Dallas.
Sho was accompanied by Ben Bright,
son of D. R. Bright In whose home
(Continued on Page Two.)
QUERETARO, March 27.—The
minister of war. General Obregon, to-
day received advices from General
Gavira describing another severe de-
feat inflicted on the Villa bandits In
the neighborhood of Namiquipa. The
date on which the defeat was admin-
istered is not mentioned, but Villa and
his followers were said to be sur-
rounded.
In the skirmish the advices say
thirteen bandits were killed and 100
horses and a number of stands of arms
were captured. General Gavira op-
timistically declared in dispatches
that Villa was being so closely har-
rassed as to make his capture a ques-
tion of only a short time.
General Cesarlo Castro, with all his
forces left here this afternoon for
Mexico City, where he will succeed
General Pablo Gonzales In command
there. It is reported that General
Carranza, members of his cabinet and
other high government officials will
leave here for Mexico City in a few
days. The trip will be in the nature
of a visit only at the present and his
party returning shortly to Queretaro,
which will remain the provisional
capital of the republic.
Mexican Troop Movements.
Douglas, Ariz., March 27.—General
Arnulfo Gomez, commanding a col-
umn of 2,000 de facto Mexican troops
arrived in Agua Prieta late today for
a conference with General P. Elias
Calles, military governor of Sonora.
Gomez left his column In the vi-
cinity of Cumpas and Moctezuma, ap-
proximately 150 miles south of the
border.
The new troops will be stationed at
Esqueda, 85 miles south of Douglas
and at Cabullona where General
Calles previously had established his
forces retaining but a small number
In Agua Prieta, opposite here. The
new troop movement is said by Mex-
ican officials to be for the purpose of
establishing a mobile force in a po-
sition where it can strike rapidly
either northeast or southeast in pro-
tecting the Chihuahua border from
any attempt on the part of Villa to
enter Sonora.
Esqueda is the railroad station for
El Tigre, situated 35 miles eastward
and that camp can be protected also,
it was stated. It was not said whether
the new forces are bringing any ar-
tillery.
Sheriff Harry C. Wheeler of , Co-
chise county denied late today that
he intended to go to Cabullona to In-
spect the Mexican troops stationed
there as had been reported.
the Harlingen, Texas, border patrol.
The entire border in this section is
reported quiet.
A party of American army officers
made a tour of Mexican dance halls
on the Texas side of the river In this
vicinity tonight and reported Ameri-
cans and Mexicans mingling good
naturedly at those places, which us-
ually are the centers of disorders.
American Ranch Raided.
El Paso, Tex.. March 27.—The
ranch of C. E. Ivelley, former mayor
of El Paso, thirty-two miles east of
here, was raided tonight by Mexican
bandits, who drove off a number of
cattle and badly beat the caretaker.
The British and Germans have
been fighting fiercely in the region
of St. Elol, five miles northwest of
Arras, and the British, through the
explosion of a big mine and by ln-
I fantry charges, have captured or de-
stroyed a considerable portion of the
German trenches.
The British infantry stormed and
took first and second line trenches
along a front of 600 yards, London
officially announced, and Berlin ad-
mitted that German trenches in this
region were blown up to an extent
of 100 yards and that "casualties
were caused among the company
occupying the position."
Again the bombardment has be-
come Intense to the northwest and
northeast of Verdun, and consider-
able activity by the big guns also
has been shown in the Woerve re-
gion southeast of the fortress. The
time seemingly is not ripe, however,
for an infantry attack, and the men
of both sides have lain idle in their
trenches awaiting the moment for
attack and counter-attack.
French Positions Shelled.
Tito Germans, after a period of
comparative quiet, have again be-
gun shelling Bethincourt, L© Mort
Homme and Cumieres, west of the
Mouse, and are keeping up with in-
creasing volume their bombardment
of the French positions In the region
of Veattx and Douaumont, which
have been stumbling blocks for sev-
eral weeks in their attempts to gain
ground northeast of Verdun.
French shells are falling on the
German positions in the Argonne and
northeast of the St. Michael salient.
The Germans arc obstinately re-
sisting the Russian attacks between
Dvinsk and Vilna, but the Russians
have captured two lines of their
trenches to the northwest of Poatavy.
Twenty bombs have been dropped
by German airmen on the town of
Dvinsk.
In the Black sea littoral the Rus-
sians are still making progress
against the Turks. In the operations
between the Italians and Austrians
in the Gorizla region the Austrians
have captured an Italian position on
Podgora heights.
Submarine Situation Tense.
Washington is waiting with some
anxiety the investigation into the ex-
plosion that damaged the cross chan-
nel steamer Sussex and the sinking
of the British steamer Englishman.
The possibilty of breaking off of dip-
lomatic . relations with Germany i3
being discussed In the event the
steamers are shown to have been
torpedoed by a German submarine.
President Wilson .however, will com-
municate the situation to congress
before taking steps which might lead
to a rupture.
All the Americans on board the
Sussex were saved, but several were
injured. One American is believed
to have been lost when the English-
man went down.
Four more vessels have been sunk
by German submarines, the most im-
portant of them being the British
steamer Manchester Engineer, bound
from Philadelphia for Manchester.
Her crew was rescued.
Closing In on Vllllstas.
El Paso, March 27.—Both the Car-
ranzistas and the American forces are
constantly harrassing Villa, who Is at j
El Oso, according to a telegram re-:
celved by General Gavira at Juarez
today from General Bertani com-
manding at Madera. Bertani added
that of the government forces, Colonel
Cano was the closest in touch with
the bandit.
Quiet on Lower Rio Grunde.
Brownsville, Texas, March 27.—
The first ripple of excitement among
Mexicans in the lower Rio Grande
valley over the American punitive ex-
pedition Into Mexico has completely
subsided, according to a report re-
ceived at Fort Brown tonight from
Colonel R. L. Bullard. commanding
RELIGION FOR WAR PRISONERS.
American Missionary Will Spread the
Gospel 1/ Russia.
Mr
Boston, Mas/ .March 27.—The
Rev. Dr. FredjglpBIaggard, for six-
teen years secretary ot the American
Hi ptist Foreign Mission society, with
headquarters In this city, said today
that he had accepted a special ap-
pointment to Russia under the di-
rection of the International commit-
tee of the Young Men's Christian as-
sociation. Dr. Haggard's work Will
be In connection with the plans In-
augurated to bring spiritual and phy-
sical comfort to prisoners of war
confined In camps tn European and
Siberian Russia. Efforts will be
made to establfsh and conduct or-
ganizations along the lines of Young
Men's Christian associations In va-
rious centers where more than a
million Teutonic soldiers are said to
b® concentrated.
French Official Statement.
Paris, March 27.—The official com-
munication issued by the war office
tonight reads as follows:
"Between the Somme and the Avre
in the neighborhood of Maucourt
after an intense bombardment the
Germans attempted a sudden attack
on one of our first line trenches but
this completely failed.
"in the Argonne the activity of our
artillery continued at various points
along the enemy front, especially in
the sector of the Oheppy wood. Our
long range guns shelled troops mov-
ing In the direction of Exermont Chat-
tel and exploded ammunition depots.
"West of the Mouse the bombard-
ment was quite intense on our front
comprising Bethincourt, Le Mort
i i i I
(Coutlnuod ou Page Two.)
"Cyclone" Is Too Breezy
For Members of House
WASHINGTON, March 27.—The
house today expunged from the
Congressional Record the vitu-
perative and denunciatory" lan-
guage Inserted under the leave to
print privilege by Representative
Davis of Texas in a speech on
Texas politics.
"Amen," chorused the house M
the vote was taken.
Representative 1)«tIs sprinkles
■11 the debates with "aniens."
*
ara
,?>
L
I
-m
I
;fp
it
\
I
•ml
I
:§1
Jffl
1
m
;Sj§gl
I
■ ■
m
m
i
it'
I'
l4
., •......
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Williams, E. K. Temple Daily Telegram (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 133, Ed. 1 Tuesday, March 28, 1916, newspaper, March 28, 1916; Temple, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth475233/m1/1/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.