El Paso Daily Times (El Paso, Tex.), Vol. 25, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 2, 1905 Page: 4 of 8
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Texas Digital Newspaper Program and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Abilene Library Consortium.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
TV-j£“
Wmm
&v
wm
% ■ '
El PASO MORNING
mi
RL PASO TIMES
PRMTBD BVESV OAT IN THE YEA*
BY THE TIMES PUBUSIONQ COMPANY
V.;
PUBLICATION OPTIC* i
THUS BL'tU>IW». ai l SOUTH OHBOON HT.
OFFICIAL PAPER OF THE COUNTY.
OFFICIAL PAPER OF THE CITY.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
By Mas la Advance.
LMlf nod Kunftsz, «*» W-.................*»•*•
D*Hj wd dnllli 1.80
rwtlf »I)J HowUjr. <ro* m«alli................ «5
fb* KswUr Tlnum on* r.»r..................* 00
By Carrier.
Dsilr u4 Hood*?. on* raonin................ Oft
RoWrlMm who foil to fowl** thott popor «*•
lorlj ora nooMtoO to ootilp to* PooIbmo otic* to
U»t *ff*et
(Mn podoOM oOftrMi to hill. Inclodln* 'oootjr
*o4 out*. Horalt bp mooop order, draft or rofl*-
torad lot tor
Addrto* a* c quo it ol cot toot to
TMB TIMBS. BL PASO. TEXAS.
r.Dtond »t (ho PottoAm at SI Poao. Tuna, u
•ocond tlon nail laatur.
Branch Otlicaa.
tuUm Ho.Ioom Offlo*. tt-M 45-4S «7 W-tft-SO.
’ Tli*Tr»«M halldlag," Non York dtp,
Wortorn Bunin*** Otto*. 610-11U 'Triton*
llolUDoit." i'hlroito.
Tho H 0. Bookwllh Pporrlal A«*ncp, Hoi*
AponM Poralio Adr*rtl*lo«.
TELEPHONES
Bunins** Office..............26—2 ring*
editorial Rooms.............28—3 rings
THURSDAY, MARCH 2, 1905.
MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP TICKET.
For Mayor—-J. J. Stewart
For City Assessor and Collector—
J. W. Mtgoffln.
For City Trepeurur—John Brunner.
Fer City Recorder—S. H. London.
For City Engineer—John Wilson,
■or Aldermen from the First Word
—J. J. Mundy end August Meieet.
For Aldermen from tho Second
Word—J. P. Dieter and W. H. Long.
For Aldermen from tho Third Ward
—H. R. Wood and W. W. Fink.
For Aldermen From the Fourth
Ward—H. S. Stevenson and Chas. E.
Pollock.
IDEAL CITY GOVERNMENT.
Tho usual riu* of political pie eater*
of course demand party linos. The
likm of a non-partisan ticket Is an
outrage against their business. Rut
any community Is sure to profit by
setting aside these political leeches
and putting their affairs In the hands
of the best men regardless of polit-
ical affiliations
As a magnificent example of a non-
partisan cHy government In the state
of Texaa wo reprint from Pearson’s
Magazine the following comment:
In. looking over Galveston's record,
one Is particularly struck by the vig-
orous and Intelligent dispatch with
which all plans for the protection of
the city have been carried out: and
in Inquiring Into the causes, one is
led to attribute much of the ^success
to the efficient workings of the new
and Interesting form of municipal
administration, which it Itself a re-
markable outgrowth of the new life,
and deserving of note.
When the city lay so sorely atrlck
en, It was obvious to many that, re-
Uablllatlon was utterly Impossible
without a speedy and radical change
in the existing form of government.
For years, a shocking and disgusting
state of affairs bad existed under the
usual ring of political pie-eaters, with
a consequent depleted treasury, large
outstanding debts and a prostituted
credit. The storm but aggravated
these conditions by devastating
streets, destroying public property
plunging the city into utter bank-
ruptcy.
With such a woeful outlook con
Routing them, the reputable citizens
gathered and voted to have reform,
and have It quickly, it was decided to
put the city government Into the
hands of a few of the ablest and most
patriotic citizens, and to obviate the
danger of a mistake consequent upon
end giving a wider meaning to the
term a public election by remitting th
tenn a public election by remitting
the choice of such men to the state
government.
Accordingly, a bill was framed pe-
titioning for a new otty charter which
vested the authority in the hands of
live commissiooers, to be appointed
bf the governor; each commissioner
Sewerage, Finance and Revenue; the
fifth officer to be called ‘'president,”
with the executive duties of “mayor.”
The bill met with excited opposition
from the supporters of the old admin-
istration, who contended that the
measure was an attempt to desfroy
the people’s “right of local self-gov-
ernment,” and the bill was finally
amended to provide tor two elective
officers On the board, In which form
It became a law. In the election fol-
lowing, the opposition lost out woe-
fully, the candidates of the commis-
sion supporters winning by a majority
of tour to one. thus demonstrating
beyond n doubt that nearly the entire
citizenship was strong for the com-
mission Idea Thereupon the govern-
ment requested one of the elected
officers to assume the position of
president, and, by utilizing his power
to fill vacancies on the board, In real-
ity obtained four appointments.
The commission has brought order
out of chaos and has won the support,
and confidence of the entire city. As
a result of |ta two years' work In one
direction, the city Is doing business
on a cash basis and Its floating in-
debtedness has been reduced from
*204,074.84, according to the auditor’s
report of January 1, 1901, to a debt
of only *22,000 on January 1, 1904;
and this Js without the Issuance of a
bond or one cent of additional taxa-
tion. In addition, the city has rebuilt
Ita City Mali, engine houses, water-
works, pumping planL and repaired
with brick nearly all It* principal bus-
iness rtreeta, besides purchasing the
city sewerage plant at a cost of *93,-
000, forcing ail citizens to connect,
and running the business on a paying
.basis to yield 11 per cent, on the In-
vestment. The city pay roll and ac-
counts are paid monthly, and the com-
bined revenue from city Institutions
la far In excess of expenditure*, while
the Interest accruing from various
sinking funds, placed In the bank,
forms an income sufficient to meet
the running expenses of the admin-
istration.
The cause for the successful work-
ings of the Galveaton commission gov-
ernment la ascribed first and foremost
to the personnel of the board. Those
composing the commission are: Wm.
T. Austin, president of the board;
H. 0. liange, commission of water-
works and sewerage; 1. JH. Kempner,
commissioner of finance; A. P. Nor-
roan, commissioner of police and fire;
Valerie BL Austin, commissioner of
streets.
'loose gentlemen are among the
most reputable business men and cit-
izens of Oalveston, and tbeir admin-
istration has l»en characterized
throughout by loyalty, Integrity , and.
keen business sense. The president
serves tor a salary of *3,000 a year
and each of the other members for
(COO
In bringing about these positive ro-
for<n* Galveston, has made a mighty
step toward 'Ideal municipal admin-
istration, and the benefits that will
accrue to her from this victory atone
are worth the suffering entailed by
her great misfortune.
m
, . AN ENTIRE
MEDICINE
CHEST
. SLOANS
LINIMENT
QUICKLY
RELIEVES
' PAINS AND
ACHES
Kills Germs
FDR MAN OR BEAST
It will surprise “some of the na-
tives” to know bow many Independ-
ent voters live in El Paso.
Texas Independence will be the
theme of many orators throughout
the state today. Rut the lack of in-
dependence with some El Paso Dem-
ocrats will be much regreted here-
abouts.
The friends of the International
Water company are proud of the plat
form they constructed. It was a great
concession for them to admit there
was a water question, but they failed
to meet the whole issue.
Mr. Carnegie says he always tries
to have about *7,000,000 cash on hand
He Is more ambitious than some of us
who try to get along with a cash
accumulation of about *0,000,007 on
hand.
TffURSiDAY, MARCH 2, 1905
poooooooooooooooooooooooooooooa
MUNICIPAL WATER WORKS
WHAT THEY ABE DOING FOB THE
CITY OF NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE.
A Clear Profit of $43,930 in One Year
and All City Water Free.
■yv: ..... ......"
(Editorial in Naahvilie Daily News of Jan. 24th, 1905.)
rLf.vmsrrts
NASHVILLE'S EXPERIMENT IN MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP.
Nashville is several sixes smaller than New York and may be
said to lag behind that metropolis In several particulars besides crime
and corruption. On one line, however, It bsa progressed beyond New
York, and has set that greet city an example In municipal thrift and
efficiency. Municipal ownership of public utilities bss had a fair trial
in Nashville, and the report sbowa that the experiment of over two
years ago is an established success today.
While New York has a big lighting scandal on her hands, Involv-
ing secret contracts, extortionate charges and corrupt corporations,
Nashville shows a nice profit In her electric light and water works
departments. The lighting service of tbla city has been trebled dur-
ing the peat year, while the cost per arc lamp has been reduced more
than half. In the water work* department the showing Is even more
gratifying. ■ A clear profit of *43,930 has been made by the city, over
and above all expenditure*, and omitting the free water fnrnlshed
the city.
Nashville has had surely no cause to regret the progressive step
taken by her municipal administration nearly three years ago. It baa
worked for economy, profit, and stands today as the chief among the
progressive features of the city.
OUR BOOKLET : 3
IS ISSUED.
TIE TIMES’
M
%
^.‘Av
SOUVENIR IRDITION
y Briefly ExpSaiias fhe
IFtossfMlftl©© off TMs Seottffom
I
T is full of information, and tells more
about £1 Paso and the Southwest, in few
words, than any other recent publication.
It is a poor religion that Is always
talking about a bigger church and
never thinks Of « better city.
Automobiles, roller chairs and Jin-
rikashas will furnish Intramural
transit at the Lewis and Clark expo-
sition.
=
MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP PARTY.
PLATFORM
or THE
ABOUT CITY LOANS.
The "United States Investor,” one
of the strong financial papers of the
country, offer* a suggestive artlole on
the best way *or municipalities to
borrow money. It calls attention to
tho custom so long prevalent of mak-
ing long loans and leaving those who
may be around at maturity of the
loans to make good. The later notion
and one that is gaining ground fast
Is t make bonds redeemable serially
from their first issue so timing the
redemption and tho small tax neces-
sary for the steady retirement that
the whole Issue shall be paid off when
the laat come due.
The essential difference between
this policy and the long-bond policy,
when tho latter 1* accompanied by a
sinking fund, Is that sinking funds
are liable to loss through a dozen
cause* while the regular payment of
so many bonds each ,year out of mon-
ey raised and on hand for the purpose
gets Just so many bonds out of the
way. The first objection to the serial
bond was that the Investing com-
munity prefers a long bond; It gives
a certain Income for a fixed period
and saves the necessity and risk of
reinvestment.
But it has developed that there 1*
a constant and sure demand for short-
time bonds. There are always cus-
tomers ready to take these as they
would take business paper. Then the
banks are glad to find something safe
and sure which doe* not tie up their
finds for a prolonged period. There
are moneys In hand for a year or two
years or three which cannot afford
to pay high premiums tor a good
thing. These can take the early ma-
turities of serial bonds and be where
their custodians want them. The idea
Is sound and la growing In popularity.
Whoever reads over the details of
bond offerings will be struck with the
Increase of this sort of borrowing.
Hartford Currant.
charge at a
depart-
ment of city affairs, divided a*
lows: «re .*1 Police. Streets
PuMlc Property, ' Waterworks
Get on the water wagon, bat not the
bogus cart of the Water Trust.
Vote th* non-partisan ticket arid
keep politics out of our city affairs.
It Is not the candidate* for elective
offices who keep up politics, that fs
th# work of the “small potatoes” who
want to be scavenger, attorney or
mMi
“We, the Municipal Ownership Party, be-
lieving that the health and prosperity of the peo-
ple of El Paso, and the welfare of the city is
imperiled by the present water situation, aud
appreciating this crisis, we appeal to*all voters to
rise above partisanship, to be controlled by pub-
lic duty rather than party servitude; and we
present for their support our ticket pledged to the
following principles:
1. We demand mesa water. *
2. We insist that no more franchises for
water works be granted and that no existing fran-
chises be extendod in time nor modified in forsn.'
3. Wo favor the earliest forfeiture of all
existing private water franchises, and the instal-
lation of a water works system to be owned and
operated by the city.
4. We favor public improvements and es-
pecially do we favor the improving of streets and
sidewalks.
5 We denounce political rings* who dictate
candidates regardless of public sentiment by re-
fusing the people a voice in selecting tickets.
6. We denounce political corruption, the
herding and buying of voters, and the illegal
purchase of poll tax receipts, and we promise a
strenuous prosecution of persons guilty of these
offenses.
FOREIGNERS BECOME STUDENTS.
Seventeen Yeung Natives of Argen-
tina to Enter American College*.
New York, Feb. 27.—Seventeen
young natives of Argentina have ar-
rived here to be Wit In a tour year*’
course of study at various American
institutions. Their ages range from
18 to 20 years and they will study
agriculture, mining, civil engineering
and mercantile engineering.
All but two at the young men are
sent by the minister of public Instruc-
tion, and after their course of study
their government lias made claim for
tbeir services for two years in the
branches In which they expect to be-
come adept. Those who are here of
their own seeking are Maxim Roca,
a nephew of former President Roca, of
the Argentine republic, and Valerin
Masjoan. Roca will enter Cornell uni-
verslty and take a course In agricul-
ture and mining, and Masjoan will at-
tend Columbia university to study na-
val architecture
Several of the young men have at-
tended the National Agricultural and
Industrial college at Buenos Ayres
ane tlhe National collages. Ten of the
party are to be enrolled at Cornell'
university, three to go in an agricultu-
ral Institution at Columbus, two to a
similar school at Madison, Wfs., and
one Is to be Installed at Guelph, Ont
The young men are sons of lawyers,
merchants and Urge land owners, and
all empress anxiety to begin their
work at once. Today they will visit
the consul general for the Argentine
republic and there receive their for-
mal government instructions.
MRS. CHADWICK'S INDICTMENTS.
Counsel for Defense Files Motion to
Quaoh.
Cleveland, Ohio, Feb. 27.—Attorney
J. P, Dawley, counsel, for Mrs. Cassio
L. Chadwick, sprang a surprise on the
government today by filing a motion
to quash the Indictments against her,
"We are not quite prepared as yet
to go ahead In this matter," said Mr,
Dawley. “The hearing will be rather
long and borides we want to furnish
some proof.”
Tomorrow morning at 9 o’clock was
fixed for the hearing. The other in-
dictments met the same fate. Daw-
ley moving to quash mil of them. In-
cluding the one In which his client is
Jointly Indicted with Cashier Spear
of Oberlin.
WITNESSES FROM BEAUMONT.
Summoned to Austin to Testify !i
, Bribery Case.
Beaumont. Feb. 20—Many promi-
nent lumbermen and citizens of Beau-
mont went to Austin today, where
they have been summoned as wit-
nesses In the case of W. W. Moore,
who is on trial at Austin on the al-
leged bribery charge growing out of
the suits instituted some time ego
against the Kirby Lumber company
for alleged violation «f the anti-trust
Uws, and which were dismissed by
the state. There Is much Interest be-
ing felt locally In the progress of
these cases and especially among the
lumbermen, all of whom express the
opinion that John Henry Kirby will____
UM^pflEStS
is
NAVY DEPARTMENT GRATIFIED.
Return of Paroled Ruaelan Naval Of-
ficers Will Avoid Complications.
Washington, Feb. 27.—Announce-
ment that the Russian government
has directed the three naval officer*
who broke their parole and escaped
from the ixma at San Francisco to
return to that ship was received with
gratification at «b* navy department
principally because Admiral McCalls,
who Is directly responsible for the de-
tention of the Lena’s personnel, will
be relieved rrmm otherwise might be
a disagreeable necessity of abridging
the shore leave of the Lena’s officers
and crew in the future.
The action alao relieves the state
department frog* making apologies to
Japan for a breach of neutrality, such
aa might be properly charged !® Rus-
sian sailors, detained under condi-
tions imposed In the Lena case, were
allowed to escape.
SENATOR CLARK # WM»«-
Yeung Woman Undergo** Operation in
New York Hooptte).
New York, Feb. *7.—Mrs. WilUam
A. Clark, the wife «t Senator Clark, of
Montana, is in a private hoapkni hare.
Shortly after her retorn three week*
ago from Pari# she we* taken there
by order of the
and an operation
aer re**™
a she was taken there
, Clark family physician
ion was performed.
^tsmass
' 'to. tmm
puhlte.
Although
hot of »
ANTI-IMPERIALIST DIES.
Georg* 8. Boutwell Expires at Hie
Horn* In Massachusetts.
Croton, Mass., Feb. 27.—After an
Illness of a few days George Sewall
Boutwell, former governor of Massa-
chusetts and former United Btates
secretary of the treasury, died at his
home here today, aged 87. For more
than sixty years Boutwell has been
In public life, beginning bis career as
a lecturer at the age of 19, He was
a personal friend of President Lincoln
and an outspoken abolitionist. Hie
was secretary of the treasury
President Grant's cabinet.
Mr. Boutwell was among the most
earnest opponents of the Spanish
war. Ih fact, so strong was his con-
viction that after war wa* declared
he left the Republican party and with
the formation of the Anti-Imperialist
league became Its president, whlfch
office he held at the time of his death.
Major & Fewel, grain, hay. coal and
wood. Phone 1479.
PAUPER DESCENDANTS OF*OLI-
VER CROMWELL.
■■ reufi
The report that the last lineal male
descendant of Oliver Cromwell, the
protector, has died In a l-ondon work
house, although It can scarcely be
literally true, la Interesting aa recall-
ing one of the most dramatic stories
in all the history of great families.
If the man who has recently died
a pauper could not rightly claim to
be Cromwell's last male descendant.
It Is a fact that several persons who
coiild trace a direct lineal descent
from the dethrener of a king and the
ruler of a .great kingdom have ended
their days In poverty Just as great
and even within workhouse walls. The
story of the decline Of this famous
family is so dramatic and so little
known that it may be worth telling
In some detail.
The protector himself, as la well
known, was a cadet of a knightly
familv. which for generations had held
lta bead high in Utc world. He was
the grandson of Sir Henry Cromwell,
who himself sprang from a nephew
of Thomas Cromwell, earl of Essex.
Hi* ancestor* had owned thousands
of broad acre* la Huntingdonshire,
and one of them had played the host
to no less a personage than Quean
Elizabeth, so that when Oliver found
himself practically raised to the emi-
nence of a throne he had no reason
to he ashamed of the house from
which he sprang.
But great as was hi* rise In the
world, it was but the prelude to a
still greeter fall for those of his blood
who came after Urn. “
A Few Copies
have been set aside for mail distribution to those
who are writing ns daily, asking for them.
PttBtoaidLAt m (Semite
y.»'
to any address in the United States or Mexico.
Address: % f
Times PuiMisMirag Co,
IHL PASO, - TEXAS.
than many others. Sir Oliver Crom-
well, my grandfather’s uncle and god-
father’s estate that was, la now let for
about 50,000 pounds a year.” And
a few years later still Henry was re-
duced to such financial straits that
when he petitioned the lord lieuten-
ant of Ireland to give him any kind
of employment, he prayed to be ex-
cused from accompanying his excel-
lency to Ireland, on the ground that
he was In want of the necessaries of
a gentleman to appear in his suite.
Thomas, one of Henry’s sons, was
apprenticed to a London grocer, and
served tor many a long year-behind
the counter of hla shop on Snow Hill,
within living memory of days when
his great-garndfather was virtually a
sovereign, and while hla great-uncle,
Richard Cromwell, also protector, was
still alive. Thomas’ son Oliver quali-
fied as an attorney, and was for many
years clerk to St. Thomas’ hospital,
and when he died In 1821 the male
line of the family of Oliver, lord pro-
tector, came to an end.
/’ Other descendants of Oliver Crom-
well, through his younger son Henry,
fared still worse. One became the
wife of a shoemaker at Soham, near
Cambridge, and another married her
Me,Are a far i
WHERE WE STOOD
TEN YEARS AGO
MUNICIPAL OWNE18SKIP
THEN AND NOW.
Httimo® off THaos© Wlh® W©r© Wiltitig to S®4
Aside PmttlssmsMjp: amd PriaMdsIkips
to So4*v® fill City in n Pro-
girssaiv® Movo. -
^ .yv. ‘■"1 (■ •• " m - m r -n i ,,.>r . _ ^
(From the El Paso Timas of March 20110895.)
The following document appears on pag* 7 of that Issue of this
paper;
Believing it necessary tor honest man. regardless of party, to
unite to elect officers at the ensuing April election, pledged to aa
economical and honest administration of the city'* affairs, and to se-
cure city ownership of water work* for which *200,000 has been voted
by the people, Are, the undersigned, hereby agree to unite 1a nominat-
ing a non-partisan ticket to be selected by an equal number of repub-
licans and democrats, the populists to be represented pro ret* accord-
ing to their strength, and to vote for said ticket; this agreement to be
binding when signed by on* hundred democrat* and on* hundred re-
publican* or more. Signed:
H. A. True
H. B. Stevens
R. M. Harmer
Howard Thompson
W. G. Wal*
William J. Glenn
N. M. Baker
W. C. Madden
H. F. Bloom
C. W. Chrlstley
C. F. White
E. H. Vogeley
M. Ainsa
F. Moo*
R. B. Patterson
W. H. Fenchler
O .W . Bernard
George R. Harvey
A. O. Foster
Alward White
H. S. Beattie,
W. M. Price
W. H. Long
W. H. Shelton
Q. L. Hoyt
G. Buchanan
W. B. Black
J. M. Ruts
H. F. Stacy
J. B. Watson
w. c,
8. T.'
MM
Waters Davie
W. R. Martin
John Brunner
C. C. Black
WilUam Oser
J. L. Whitmore
J. Sorenson
A. V. Stevenson
M< Stewart
Z. T. White
Geo. H. Higgins
C. H. Helm
H. M. Patterson
I. 3. Crawford
J. F. Crosby
Charts* T. Race
ft. C. Lighthody
Wank Htckeraon
Juan 8. Hart
John C. Voaz
John 8. Hood
S. A. Shelton 4
W. H. Vilas
W. A. Into
a t. Price
H. ft Stevenson
Henry L. C*p*U
H. M, Hood
H. P. Roake
W. O. Hama
A. W. Moreland
J. H. Lohner
A. Atom
F. Haaiard '
M. C. MoQlenaon
H. Feist
A. ft McKie
A. J. Schut*
W. 8. Illton
5/sssi
A. H. Holme*
A. J. Wens
Geo. H. Cranston
Cheater Reeves
Elbert d. Ban
Frank W. Brown
S. J. Gatlin
Johns. Akin
W. T. Hixson
US
S. G. Sharard
Jame* Clifford
H. C.
C. L. SlmUas
HLCta?41
XT.mS^a
A. W. Susan
Q. ft Boren
W. H. Burges
CHPurteU
a/p.oKi
a-
J
4
: i
fellow-servant, who was the son of a
small butcher called Saunders. In
still later years many of the protec-
tor’s descendant* sank to the lowest
depths of destitution; some were re-
duced to begging the very bread that
kept life in them, and one died a
pauper after following her husband
from a workhouse to a pauper's
grave. To such tragic depths fell the
proud family of Cromwell. lordB of
Hinchinbrook, which had produced
one of the most splendid figures In
history.
There are probably hundreds of
Oliver’s descendant* alive today,
many of them, no doubt, ignorant of
their distinguished descent. The best
known of them all is an English
clergyman, Rev. T. Cromwell Buah,
who (a the proud owner of a most re-
markable museum of relics of bis
great ancestor.' Mr. Bush possesses
the very hat, broad of brim and high
crowned, which Cromwell wore when
he ,ao summarily dismissed the long
parliament; the fcelmdt that he wore
at the battle of Naseby; his stirrups,
of beautifully chased brass; his pow-
der horn with his name engraved on
It and a number of awords, one of
which also bears the protector’s name.
iHi
v:.*
f n
111
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
El Paso Daily Times (El Paso, Tex.), Vol. 25, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 2, 1905, newspaper, March 2, 1905; El Paso, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth580183/m1/4/: accessed April 23, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.