Galveston Weekly News (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 13, No. 2, Ed. 1, Tuesday, March 25, 1856 Page: 1 of 5
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HICHARDSON & CO.
'The Will of Hie People Should Rule."
PROPRIETORS.
VOL. XIII.
GALVESTON TEXAS TUESDAY MARCH 25 1856.
NO. II.
I
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Waldo
tt)?:
GALVESTON NEWS
rUEUSHED EYH.T TUESDAY.
BT RICHARDSON fc CO.
W.KICH1RI30V".
rx rjcnxrjfeov
XiTonn to General News Forelfwand Domestic to
ine uominenui iuiciiivuto uum iw
aiaTaYCUlUl aim VIWi awair .-."-. -u..-B
of the country; to the Improvmentt ud discoverlea
that mar be made conduiive to our Acricultanu and
Commercial jiroeperitr. ta Politic our to tor as im
porunt measure of Government an thereby ajToct-
LTi n Uim11niarurtiHM In Tff wnmlAnnr TWtf
htstorr. to Btoeraptdcal hkeicbes of crcat men or
thU and other countries . to Anecdotct and Tales of
humor occasion suj uiraii.iuustuiiijvTcisienraixir
and to personal reflectious on irivate character.
BflTet -TERMS-
OEC0Pl.Iermnniim!nadranc iiui
- " if notp&Mvlthia tix months 4 (U
- " tbrtworean. inadvance 1U)
A deduction of SO per cent will l allow ed Post llas-
mtlnr remittance.
Sinctt subscribers at a distance mar at thuir i lea-
QTB tnuici luiir u uuiMuiua vu ins uuu.i-i
procure SUCH jltivmb iwuicjauvtiuimr' um uiic
eonfldence In as being twin safe aud expodittons.
ADVERTISE G UAlCi I
F v each square f ten line or ..paee fQiaraleut uue
doUarftir the flrst insertion and flrtr cent ftiresch
subsequent .nsprttou. . .
Atctt considerable mluctlou I mad ou adverUse-
Ments tnerud for three six or t five months.
Book and Job Printing:
BLANKS BILLHEADS. CAEDS CIRCULARS
STXAMBOAT bills POSTERS &c
Executed with neatness and on the most liberal
terms.
The JoblVpartinrnt of this Office Is kept ntirtly
separate It bat been Pecrntly nearly doubled in iu
amount of materials pre tc-hsrinj now avr
orwue of difflTi-nt aiws and kinds to will different
.Wriptions of wort lide.i a laxse iw r press -We
believe this Job Office III now compare tn orably
wlUi any in the Smith in pnintof extent and lariety
r material at well a la IU superior at vie trf wort
j.k- j...nt ni hlih It U otttuimL Frits
hare aUw been materially reduced. Mng rarely if
TeraroTeanaKCCTriLUT nm tuusciu.ir- vnrw
We invtu a comparison with other dees in and out
or tne Kate in au reepecsa.
THE OLD LO E.
In the sea of reading we came upon the
following Ulani. Doei it not touch you
reader as singularly beautifnl '
I met her she was thin aud old
She stooped and trod with tottering U et ;
The hair was gray that once was gold
The voice was harsh that once was sneet
Her hands were dwindled and ber eyes
Robbed of the girli&h light or joy
ere dim ; I felt a sad surprise
That I bad loved her when a bo)
Bat yet a something in her air.
Restored to me the vanished time ;
Mv heart grew young and seemed to wear
. The brightness of my youthful prime
I took her withered hand in mine
Its touch recalled a ghost of joy
I kissed it with a reverend sigh.
Fori had loved her when a boy
IE The Houston Tilegnpk has admitted
its majority It is twenty-one years since its
first issue was presented to the people of Texas
During this period the press of Texas of which
the TStgrapk was the pioneer lias grown in
importance and now every county town of im
portance has one or more ncwpapcn( In
Houston the TUegrapJt has from time to time
had compcttiorsand but a short time ago tome
half dozen newspapers were issued weekly
in that city bat the Telegraph survives them
alL It is the first and the last in the advocacy
of the claims and advantages of its tow a and
deserves an acknowledgement of its long and
faithfal services
An Incident of Leap Yeas. The localizer
of the Richmond TVhtgpublishes the following
interesting item:
Martin Wlgand a thrifty German widower
of Sta on ton lately employed a friend to nego-
tiate for the hand of a German lady in Rich-
mond whom never seen The lady accept. d
the proposals and went to Staunton but on ar-
riving there Wigand to her astonishment had
determined that she should continue "in maid
en meditation fancy free1 for ought that he
would do to the contrary and spurned her from
his presence The lady finding him inexorable
slapped a law suit upon him and the gallant
widower may get his eyes open to the folly of
trifling with woman's affections
Pceuc Lands. So no who reads the
newspapers carefully can fail to be struck by
the spectacle presented by our most westerly
States andJTeiritones along the ATjal&ippi
river Such a pressure upon the land omces is
altogether unprecedented In Minnesota j Iowa
and Nebraska there is a constant and extra-
ordinary rush of emigrants. In Iowa Minne-
sota and Illinois this influx of emigrants is so
great as to excite astonishment and w onder
What can be the cause of the phenomenon is
the general inquiry These lands in Illinois
and Iowa were as attractive ten ears ago i
they are now but they filled up slowly The
rush to them now is just at a period when
there Is a great falling off in the foreign immi-
gration so that very little of the result flows
from that source. So far as Illinois is concern
ed the sudden migration thither has been
generally attributed to the rapid completion
of numerous railways. Bat this is evidently
onl a partial reason for Iowa which has vcrj
few railway facilities is filling up even more
rapidly than Illinois did and Minnesota which
has no railways at all. is in the receipt of an
equally great mass There can be bat little
doubt that much of this springs from the vast
distribution of bounty land warrants to pcnous
who participated in the wars of the republic.
This was thought to be an evil by most persons
and was viewed in the light of an indiscriini
nate squandering of the public lands But it
has turned out in the highest degree bmehcial
to the country
By means of land warrants persons are able
to procure farms so cheap that thousands have
rushed to the West with them to locate in the
unsettled districts This location has given a
sadden and Increased value to all the land
near at hand and the sales hae constantly
been enormous. Thus by giving awa a cer-
tain portion of its domain the government has
enhanced the value of all the rest. The abun-
dance of bounty land warrants has stimulated
location and settlement with them and the
vicinage of all such settlements has been soon
thronged by land buyers who pay cash for
what they get. We therefore regard it as
pretty certain that nntil the warrants may be
exhausted he process of settlement of oar
Western territories will surpass in rapidity all
f (receding experience As .hown in Iowa II-
inois and Minnesota the nearest points will
all be filled op before much is done for those
beyond. Until Illinois was pretty well settled
no beginnng was made in Iowa and as long
as the chances of good locations are numerous
in the latter little can be done for Xcbraska
but notwithstanding all obstacles railways
make wonderful progress in the West and
hence Iowa will not long be so fine a field as
It has been for the last few years Minnesota
the next best arena is said to be already
threatened with a deluge of land warrants and
buyers and should the progress there be a
rapid as in Iowa the territories will enter the
Union with a populitiou of two or three hun-
dred thousand souls. The filling up or Iowa
and Minnesota seems tu be necesajr before
the settlement of Nebraska and though the
increase of the latter may be apparently re
tarded thereby it will in the end be greatly
accelerated. The Mississippi river which forms
the boundary line between Iowa Nebraska and
Minnesota is destined to become the highway
of a great and flourishing commerce and iu
valley must become equal to that of the Mis-
sissippi In population and importance Hence
the settlement of the Eastern bank is necessa-
ry to that of the Western.
--
A Factor Bor now Speaker. In the
election of Mr Banks as Speaker the Frtd-
encksbnrgrroW thinks it may say at least
that energy has been rewarded if not integri
ty or character; for wc ocueve mai .air is
has alwavs been somewhat of a slippery noliti
cian generally managing to fall on that kldc
of the fence where the herbage was most luxu-
riant We have in Mr Banks an exemplifica-
tion of the beautrof our republican system
of government there is no office however
high to which a boy however humble of birth
and destitute or fortune may not aspire
Mr Banks began life a bobbin boy in a small
mill at WalthamMass ; his education was that
afforded by the Jew England free school sys-
tem; he is represented as having studied un-
der great disadvantages' and worked against
oddBwith hardly anything tn bis favor save
an indomitable will At the early age of for-
ty two he has-been elected Speaker of the poi-
ular branch of Congress an office scarccU
second in importance to that of any other iu
the United States
In the case of the opponent or Mr Banks
for the Speakership wc and that wealth is not
sufficient to command place however worthy
Us possessor may be in other respects. Gen
Wm Aiken of S. C- was born to a pnnctlj
fortune had everything that wealth could ob-
tain and is represented to be the owner or fir-
teen hundred slates and a half dozen planta-
tions. Whilst we denlore the election nfTtini.
fchould have hailed with lively satisfaction the
election of Aiken we. nevertheless rmiM ...
withhold the great Incentive to exertion of
wuicu we nave a most striKing example In the
case just cited.
Among the first of the proceedings of the
American Convention JL. O. Brewster of
Mass offered the following resolution "Where-
as the 11th section of the platform adopted
b the American Council in Jane 1855 was
neither proposed by the South nor sanctioned
by the Jiorth therefore said section is hereby
stricken ont" A B Ely of Mass offered as
an amendment that after the words stricken
out the following words should be added:
"That as regards the subject of slavery we
abi 1e by the principles and provisions of the
Constitution of the United States yielding no
more and claiming no less " The resolution
and amendment were adopted by thirty-nine
majority and It is expected that the South-
ern members will withdraw it iVeie England
Farmer.
That is it was expected at the Xorth that
the Southern -members would withdraw on the
rtpetl of tho 12th section
EE7" We copy the following article from the
Railroad Record published la Cincinnati ; and
we invite ourreaders. throughout the fatateto
girejit their careral consideration for we
donU whether wc hate ever published an
article that naturally suggests more important
reflections to the people of the South Wc
txv otten thought that by the proper
application of science and chemical sUII with
the aid of all the latct improvements in the
manufacture of cotton seed oil millions of
dollar might U caved to the Smith annually
In regard to the value or the cotton fibre
which adhere to the seed andu now thrown
away with it we cannot t-pcak with equal
confidence Hut we trut thl article will
chciixoine discussion among oor planters who ps enaiur.iiizaiioniaw to twenty
areso deeply interested in the subject and one3ear
that some valuable imrormation to the public Q-Tiit Buktu hat generou offer-
ma) lie the result id a beneht to the Howard Association I.ct
toil mi cdaiitiM iims
Invoking mer the annual report of the .
iriiirLs of this credt stank one cannot fail '
tnnlirre that the onlv oroduct of the cotton
crop cxtcnMve as it now is is the fibroas f
now bf no absolute value cacti to manure i
the fields And -when it 11 considered that
.ln.75?"ir'1SH:S:
coveting it mil be rcadilj conceded that the
picsenl cultivation 01 couonprcscuisanauoui- tom aoom miumgm on the ni"ht or the Slh
aly in agriculture and one which analogy anj Hle atUnda not u
wouia lead b to suppose could hardly exist .... . lo "cr"e
What If the producer of flax should throw " Mb. orOth ihould hac thehon-
awavffor onejear only the ripe seed orhislors the matter wa. coinpronned b) adding
plant would it not be a commercial calamity ! both dajs together ind fixing on the 17lh
If the grower of wheat or corn or oats
should content himself with the product of his
farm in chaff would not civilized nations at
once'eondemn his folly and compel a chance
of policy It is true that the value of chaff
in thb one case and flax in the other would
illy repay the labors of the cultivator but if
they "paid him a thousand fold wonld he not be
equally unwise to waste a large portion of the
product with which the bounty of nature has
repaid his toil ? He has sown his seed nature
hascirenthe hanc&t. and the wise man will
make as much of it as he can And so we
ZCtT
portion or tne return 01 me sou yet it is at "' "" " nu "htc not in-en men
present thconly portion that has value be- ! with our State (toverament whoarenotawarc
cause tht oulj portion applied to the arts or ' that they poesd any laluL But we under-
made to minittr to tin wants of man . i .. .1 . -ButisthcrefusLofthecottoncropcfnoalm.
stauUu-1t under the present law for the bcttle-
Is there no purpose in the widt range or art nicnt of the Texas debt all these liabilities if
or manufacturcto which It canbe applied and genuine will be paid ut the United States
be a source of profit to the planter t In seek- Tpi .. . 11.fc . .
Ingthe solution of this question wc thill con Trtaur "epj-rtnient pro rata the same as
sider first the amount of this rcfu-e at the certificates audited by our State authorities
present moment and afterwards the u-.ls to The holder have only to send them on in the
which itmay be applied t . mon(v . .
hbw ini nmniint ni inn riinu m timi
cotton crop As near' as can be ascertained
about 5000000 acres of land are planted with
cotton the average product of this land is a
little over 300 lbs. to the acre baled cotton
maVfnrmrrnrdinp' to the author of Hnttnti u
King in 1853 a toUl production of 1000000-
000 lhs of baled cotton Xow one pound
onlvof baled is obtained from threeand one-
third pounds of the rough product W e have
then the following btatcment of the cotton
product of the country in 1&3
Total nroduct of the field o.333 000.000
baled union -- iuwuwuoo
Refuse thrown to watc 3733000000
Thisthen develops the remarkable fact that
thenfiweo'i'Aecoi'fOrtO'oi ik vettrht. tico
and one third timet at great as the present
ara italic product of the cotton culture If
Cotton is King now when only thirty per cent
of the fruit of cotton plant is made available
what w ill be the importance of this great sta
pic when the plantation shall icld one per
cent of valuable and available product?
Second The uses to which the nfu-t of
the cotton crop auj be applied. The refuse
of the cotton crop consists of the teed and a
residue of fibre still adhering to it in the ratio
of about 40 per cent of fibre and GO per cent
of seed
Tul iiEitL. The hire imuicdiatch cover
ing the oeed h worthless to the vpinntr but
may nevertheless be made available in tht
arts for ja-t such purposes as the worn out
fabrics of the manufacturer are now employ-
ed and will supnl a commercial want that
has long been felt and for which ingenuity
misdirected has long sought. This worthless
fibre subjected to proper preparation will fur
niih a valuable supply of material for paper
making Assuming the value of this to be the
same as the cheapest rags in market and wc
hac
Tolalrcfu-e 3733000000 IW
Fibre 40 per cent 1493200000
Value at one cent per lb $14932000
Now allowing 20 iwr cent for wattacc in
manufacture the usual allowance of paper
makers and the quantity of paper made annn
ally from this refuse would be as follows
Fibre 1493200000 lbs
t aste 20 per cent - 23SG40000
Paper 1194500000 lbs
Estimatinff this as common wrapmnir naner
at the average price of wrappintr paper per
pound and we have
1194 5C0000lbspapcrat5ccnts $59723000
And when it is conculered that at leist two-
thirds of thia material is suitable for the man
nfactureof fine printing paper worth from 11
to 14 cents per pound tins will be found to be
a low estimate
& 1irra tinrfinii nf tliA linftf- aP 41.... ......
-. ipi jiuitiuii l a.in. iiiuui Ul lain IU4111U I
facture would accrue to the cotton growing
btates. us the labor nccesaryto be bestowed
on pMiwr making is comparatively little
To paper makers and thoe connected with
the pre- who know tne commercial want of
uch a material we need say nothing of the
value or such a supply at the present momtut
The wo-t careless observer cannot fail to Tier-
cei e the important bearing which such a av.
mg annnaiiv would nave ou this portion of
our agricultural manufacturing anlpublih-
Ing interests
The seed The seed of the cotton plant is
in it-elf by no means a worthless material
Likeflaxand othcrsceds it conUinsa large
rZUBLLl"irtl toK
cent experiments have shown that Cotton t-ecd j
vii i3 uuc ui iuc mu'k uiuauieior uom inn i
minatln:
respects it ranks equal to the best Sperm oil.
..v.twUQ i:U3v3. 'uiuifr..
bnt in calculations of its value we bhall put
It as equal to the cheapest grease in the New
1 or market
Cotton seed when compressed. Yields 30 ier
cent of oil and 70 per cent of oil cake As
suming the same data as before thcjieldof
oil would then be as follws.
Total refuse of crop 3733000OOO lbs
Clean seed GO per cent --2429800000
Oil30percentoflastaniount G71 940000
Oil cake 70 per cent 1.5G78GOO00
Valces
The cheapest jrrease offered in the New
York market now sells at ten cents per pound
Assuming this to be the talue of Cotton seed
oil and we have the following result
C7I940000 lbs of oil10c $07194000
The value of this oil reduced to callons
would be 75 cents per gallon The cheapest
lard oil in the Cincinnati market at the pres-
ent time Is 90 cents
Cotton seed oil contains the Stearic pnn
ciples of other vegetable and animal oils and
is therefore suitable for the manufacture of
star candles
The rendue after the extraction of the oil
is oil cake and is valuable for feed Other
oil cake sells at one cent per pound Wc
shall estimate this at one half cent per pound
11s ra iuc men is
1567800000 lbs c per lb S7839300
But there is another method by which the
oily matter of cotton seed may be extracted
which is more applicable to the purposes of
the manufacturer as requiring less labor and
less mechanical outlay and skill; we refer to
the met. 10 1 of chemical saponification recent-
ly invented bj Edgar Conkiing Eq. of this
city The advantages possessed bj this
method are Its simplicity and greater produc-
tion of oily matter If this method were
universal! adopted by Southern manufac-
turers of soap no portion of the world could
compete with the South in the manufacture of
that article It yet remains Tor chemists to
show whether the refuse of the oil maker maj
not yield starch in abundance and a valuable
dye. We already know that the present
residuum is an excellent manure
Conclusions It would seem then from
the considerations already mentioned that wc
annually waste 3 733000000 lbs of aluablc
vegetable products the value of which may
lc bnefl summed up as follows
Paper $A72000
Oil C7194000
Oilcake 7839300
$1347C1300
Allowing one half for manufacturing and
there would still remain a clear gain to the
rftiintrv ns nrofits and for cost of material
$C7380C30 over fifty per cent of the present
value 01 me couon crop
APerilolsTijie at Sla Captain Johu
Roberts a 2f ew Jersey pilot who was taken to
sea in a vessel ne ooaraeu ou oaum hour.
dnnnir a violent frale on the 8th or Januan
last has just returned home from Bermuda
which port they finally reached after being
uuueicu auouiatsea lorseveuieeu ua iuhb
were nine on board in all and the food during
the whole time consisted chiefly of dried cod-
fish. There was no fire wood nor coal on board
and most of the spare spars were cot and
burned for the purpose of cooking There
were no leds nor bed coverings and before
entering the gulf stream the cola was so in-
tense that the cabin floor w 3 s cov ered with ice
ana a number of chickens within that apart
ment were all frozen to death Ml the crew
were more or less frozen and the captain quite
A dispatch from Portsmouth Va dated 8
r x on the 7th Inst says
"A tremendous conflagration is now racinc
& oar town at the Wood wharf The entire
block with the old saw mill are In a blaze
ana the destructive clement has been raeinc
With nnntiaf A fn fn 41.- Ia i V.
... .j mc iiat lwo aours
- .
Ignoring- the Platform The Lynchburg
rgtnian (Know Nothing) says of the new
Philadelphia platform that " it contains some
things that are sound some that are silly and
"" hb niw ucver jmaeut IO
TUESDAY MABCH l"8 I85G.
EscarED The Crockett Printer gives an
amusing account of the escape of Dr Jasher
Pea who was charged with adulter before
the District Court The accused found nu op-
portunitj to walk out of the Court Hone un-
noticed and escaped
Tut Canvass CoiiMEvcEn On the adjourn
raent of the District Court at Crockett to'
T W.Blake candidate for Presidential elec-
tor on the American ticket addressed the peo-
ple and was replied to by Col A I' UiLtr
of Huntsville
Tlit clmf point in controtr was the policy
ourcitiztns beliUral on ihn occasion and
Te tIe ""-alng hoiiat
.. " --
&T antics: IH cterda March
17th was tht annnersar of the demUi of
ici luch occiirrcil iu A I) 433
The ttorj or his lurth on 17tb i j of course a
f" -- the mtrthM inonrt.
lnatdaywa. .elected; namclr that he mis
Wchu hwrl ihcologUiw disputes
cas to the
form of Christianity taught b St Patrick
andwc remember n Rcurnd gentlcmin who
once nuilt a gool argument to proc that the
Irish Saint was a I'resbjtcnau However
tradition ascribe- to bunt Patrick manj
public senice- be-idcs banishing the snakes
and toads To him the introduction of the
Roman letters and Latin language is ascribed.
''" Tas rtd bad. Mar money
-
the caecof thevenote- no power of attorney is
required as in case of certificates Wc would
remind our rctders. that Mr Wji Fields 0f
Libtrt count) will leave for Washington by
the middle of April so is to be there in time
(that is bv tht 1st of Max. to fill. 1I the evl.
denccs of debt that inaj I e given him for col
lection mi that he can get the nionc b; the
firt of June
ll? me state umes sajs there hac Ken
several cases of scarlet fever of a mild form
in Austin
Tlie same paptr states that the mails haic
been irregular in consequence of high water
m
F M ItiBMiN has been elected Major of
Richmond W Avpkis Recorder and J II
I cPtrt Trctvurtr
t.ul.cltm Hi prcicntutiMt.
Iihtuis m In view or the peculiar
Mtustioii of our touutn when the dark clouds
of dictation are gathering over the land
when the old parties that oiuc aimed at the
prosperity of the wholt Union are now dmd
ing and tubdit idmg and stem to hat c 110 fixed
objects In Mew but rational and fanati
cal aggrandizement to accomplish while
man mjcih to di-rcgard the obligations of the
Constitution or the peace and quietude of the
country hall wc as citizens of one of the
most important counties and decidedly the
most commercial point in the State permit
ounehcs to be unreprtsmtcd in bcr councils
upon the all absorbing question of the coun-
trj a qutstion upon which wc are bound to
actas a unit however much wc maj dmde
upon other questions which wc may do with-
out inflicting any iiijurj upon our State ? But
the great question of the institutions of the
South demand our united our uudn ided effort
spy from au enemy s camp w ould be as ad-
misMblc iu the presence of tht deliberations
of our councils of war as au inctn to our in
stftutious would be 111 the councils of our
State
Sir in itw of tht-e fatts and acting upon
the gnat republican principle that a major
it (-hall rule hate wc not a right to demand
the resignation of one of onr Reprtaentatives
. fc . ..
in tUc ISiture if Mr Bnous does not
represent the people of (alvcstoiuount; upon
this vital question then he ought to resign his
. T . . f "-3e"
tnist to tllL leollci and let them tend to the
legislature omc one who will truly rtprtscnt
them Vnd the amt -hould apnH to Mr
. ... .
"Ll U0D la "Quest men tnej are bound to
acquiece in tiiesc pnuciplcs ilien if this is
a Iree boil community let the fact be known.
. . . .. '
kll'aUcst0" OCCOW hcr truc Ption in the
State But if we are a pro-slat ery communt
tj let the black stigma that now hangs ocr
-. - -ped aa3 let it be obliterated Will
r BroffN aud Ir Shepwoop submit their
ciaims ui rem nil ug to .lusiin to a Uecision OI
their constituents 7 If so. will the Aldermen
of the Cit Council dev ie a plan for the as
certaining or the will of the people ?
Sir this is a question that rises above all
Xartie or party biases The aboc named
;entlcmi art the representatives of this
count therefore the representatives of every
citizen in the count regardless of part
Therefore it becomes the duty of ever good
citizen to express his opinion upon this great
this paramount question without regard to
party Sir tin is no political trick for I do
not belong tu the part that elected these gen-
tlemen I ncv er have belonged to it nor I never
intend to support the measures or that party
But ata citizen who expects to live and die
in Galveston I want to see her represented by
men who will reflect the true character o!
their constituents Vnd if Baal be God then
serve him who will or leave K X
ff In regard to the so tailed apolog "
or Great Britain Lord Palmcrston explains
it as follows.
"n expression of resret not rccrct. as
the honorable and learned gentleman as
that the laws of the United States had been
violated because we did not believe that such
a violation had occurred but regret that an -thing
should have occuned which could be
considered by the Imcncan Government to
amount 10 sucn a violation
It will thus be heen that it amounts to no
apolog at all The "rtgrtt or the minis-
ter means simpl that he regrets that our
Government -boull have taken any notice or
hi gross violation or our laws Hence Mr
Roeblck had good reason for saying that he
had accomplished his object
--
The following is extracted from the law dc-
finiug the 1st Judicial District and affixing
the times for holding the courts in the same
It goes into effect on the 1st of August nevt
lc 2d I rom and after the taking effect of
this Vcttlic District courts in the first Judicial
District shall commence and beheld as follows
to-wit
Moada in March and the 4th Monday in Sep-
iiiuucr oi cacn ear ana may continue in
acf-iuii vuv nt't'av
1 41i A.. f W 1..4M ..41 vir
" tut. wmiy ui "U4UVU uu iuc lirab .aiuil-
da after the hecoud Monday in March and
luc iiisi iiuiiiiii- aincr iuc lourtu juonuayin
September and may continue In session one
week
In tht county or Colorado on the ieeoud
Monda after the second Monday iu March
and the second Monday after the 4th Monday
in September and may continue in session tw o
weeks
In the eountv of Lafav ettc on the fourth
Monday after the second Monday in March
and the fourth Monday after the fourth Mon-
day in September and may continue in ses-
sion two weeks.
In the county of Austin on the MXth Monday
after the second Monday in March and the
sixth Monday after the fourth Monday iu Sep-
tember and may continue in session two
weeks
In the county of Ion Bend on the eighth
3tonday after the second Monday in March
and the eighth Monday after the fourth Mon
day in September and may continue in ses-
sion tw o weeks
In the county of Brazoria on the tenth
Monday after the second Monday in March
and the tenth Monday after the fourth Monday
In September and may continue in session
two weeks
li
It is stated that the celebrated banking
house of the Rothschilds loaned daring the
past car 5515000000 as follows : England
SSO000000 Turkey $40000 X Sardinia $10-
000000 Austria $120000000$ Russia first
loan $130000000 Russia second loan $100-
000 000 Englind on exchequer bills $35000-000
ew Orleans March 15 1S5G
Editors News Onr city is crowded with
Btrangcrs and business is decidedly 'looking
up" the lather of Waters is himself again
and rolling down in all his majesty exciting
serious alarms of ov crflows and crevasses c
have all kinds of amusements theatricals
panoramas lectures JLc The Gaiety opens
under the management of Mr Cnisr Mr
TnACkLKi has been disserting on his Georges
to crowded houses considering the very disa-
greeable weather we have had I think Mr
TiiACkLiur thcauthorof thccKomeswas
more the attr iction than all hi Georges
The Democratic Convention met at Baton
Rouge md elected delegate to the National
Convention at Cincinnati The strife was con
fined to the ins and outs of office the former
curling themselves to continue the present
administration the latter us a matter or
course consider an change will be for the
liettcr I'm ni. borLL e Minister to Spain
J I Jjtwi- our Mayor and others irere
elected delegates The majority I said to be
favorable to the nomination of Doi glass
The ewitenitut in relation to our late Treas-
urer has settled down into the desire to as-
certain to what figure he swindled us Our
vcr able and energetic Sua nee committee re-
port his operation miicc 1852 up to the pres-
ent time and the find the total deficit $235-
Glft CI To this I to be added missing bill
receivible and missing ta bills They sup-
pose it possible that Garlan d might be able to
furnish partial off setts were he in u position
to settle his accounts with the city This re-
port reflects strong. on our Comptroller but
onl as regard- neglect of duty The con-
sider the cvistingstatutcsandordinuneesfully
adequate with integrity and honest In our
officials and without this qualification bond
and law are or no avail Garland is still
in jail Recorder Bright sent him down and
fixed lus bail ut halt a million of dollars but
aftcrwurds rceeivcd instructions from the Dis-
trict Court to accept no bail a thing quite
nnuceessar I shoull think in the faee of that
sum
The cit attaehttl his proper! but an in
junction was taktn out and it wu ordered to
let go that luggage Ac Our Cit At-
torney cou-idirs that the city will lose but
little us Gam and has nearly enough to sat
isf our tlaiins against him There can be no
doubt of that but I fear the city will never
get hold of it.
The Savings Bank oi which lit was Presi-
dent closed for a few da s but it has now re-
sumed business Notwithstanding all our
backsets property is still valuable V few
das igo two houses (stores) on Caual street
were sold at auction for $50000 and one
house on thi oposttc feide for $20700
The present Legislature ha remodelled our
Charter and improve 1 it in miny respects
Our Police Board consisted of the Mayor and
three Recorders This was fouud to answer
badl the responsibility was too much di
vided The Legislature gives the Mayor full
control and appointing power with the ap-
proval of the Council so I trust wc will have
less of this thuggcr (the Delta talks to much
about) in future
The last news from Europe i somewhat ex
citing but it seems to have little effect on
our people The cannot llicve it possible
that the men at the head of affairs arc w icked
enough to plunge two of the most civilized
nations ou the face of the earth into war for a
trifling misunderstanding about the affairs of
his Satanic Majest but hold that maybe
treason However from ill descriptions Ins
Majesty GLoruL Whliim Claplnce rcem
bles that gentleman so much it must lc difli
cult to tell w Inch is w Inch and the mM ike i
or ought to be pardonable lours J B
-
IIou Icnus hihI retail ItallroaiU
l a ltd in Jjontlou.
W l have been permitted to copy the follow
ing txtrct front a private letter dated at Lon-
don leb 5tlu written b a gentleman who
lately reside 1 in Te as aud before the action
of our Legislature on the Debt Bill was known
on other side of the Atlantic
"I trust tint long ere this rtaebes ou the
Debt Bill will have passed vour Leirislatnre.
notwithstanding our gloom forebodings
Next to war the defeat of this measure would
be the greatest impediment in the way of do-
ing anytheng ou this side of the Atlantic to
promote the development or our State by
obtaining assistance towards the completion of
your works of Internal Improvement. I can-
not say anything in favor of the Loan Bill
The facility given to corporations by a loan
of G000 dollars per mile would be fully counter
balanced by the injur done to other loans in
consequence of the State retaining a priority
mortgage upon the road Second mortgages
are unpopular and the very necessity or ex-
plaining to every one that the first one being
for an inconsiderable amount onl and there-
fore w ould not materially injure a tccond one
is an unpleasant feature and would be calcu
latcd to render the transaction more difhcult
and complicated than by letting the roads rest
upon their own merits munificently endowed
a they are by the State with donations of
public laud It implies also a conviction
that as the charter formcl stood they were
not worth of the consideration of capitalists
and that the State hcrcself felt the necessity
of giving additional inducements Such is
not the case however Twelv e mouths inter-
course with inone ed men In Europe teaches
me that Texas has done all that is required
to foster her works of Internal Improvement
Under the liberal charter already granted all
the essential wants of the people or Texas can
be supplied but what has been a dead clog to
past cilort was the absence of all confidence
in the integit of the State owing to her fail-
ure to meet the subject of the Public Debt in
what is here considered u fair and upright
spint and capitalists will continue to be not
only opposed to investing their own money
there but mil also use every means at their
command to keep others from doing so until
this subject i satisfactorily disposed or
Another difficult has been that the pro-
posed works In Texas have not been placed
in the hands or parties whose inluence at
home would have enabled them to be repre-
sented abroad in a manner to inspire confi-
dence It is one thing to have a political or
litcrar reputation or even to be presented as
a gentleman or integrity but another to come
as a man of standing favorably Known among
business men The latter is the character
requisite for this sort of work and such onl
can get the cart out of the quagmire into
which our fane men and political wirc-
workcrs have run it
----
Morl Indian MeKDtrsi South Florida
The Charleston Courier pubh"hcs a letter
dated ForOIyersHa Februarj 2G giving an
account of another inassjcrc b Iudians The
writer sas
A Mr Hudson a resident of this post ac-
companied by his negro Sam left here some
fifteen davs since for the oster banks in
Charlotte harbor with the intention of gath-
ering a load of ostcrs for this place Their
prolonged stay excited suspicion that some ac-
cident had befallen them and consequently on
Saturday lastCapt despatched an armed
boat party in search of them They proceeded
to the bank and found their vessel i schooner
of tn cntv ton burden dismantled of her sails
and the dead bodies of Hudson and hi negro
on deek horribl mutilated near by another
boat burnt to the waters edge was discover
ed and on shore the body of an oystcrman
named Martin wasdiscovcrcdiuthc same con-
dition of the other two
Tut Price oi Vlllrmln The buffalo ik-
p libit c tells the following good stor of one
or the aldermen or that cit which applies
with singnlarcorrcctncs to man or our own
Board with the singular exception that our
new aldermen sell themselves much lower in
fact so low as to render them actually con-
icmpiioie man uiu iuc oiu ones uut ucre is
the story
The grand jury summoned Aldermin
before them for the purpose of asking him
some question He came ind the following
conversation occurred
"Vlderman ha auv one ever offered
on an money in the shape of a bribe since
your cieciion r
ics sir"
Who wa it? ' said one of the grandjurv.
" Vnd how much did he offer ou ? inquired
one ui iuc uiucr jururs
Twenty five dollars" responded the alder-
man with a curl of his lip
"Did vou take it ? ' said the foreman
(Emphatically) No sir "
Mr the briber was sent for
llf. . - A..1 .
"" jvu uiiti .Yiucriiiuii
twenty five dollars as a bribe forvotlng so and
so?'
"im air"
'Did be take it1
"No sir n
"Why did nt he take it ? ' said one of the
jurors much surprised
" en ne sata mat ne com an t sen nimscif
for twenty five dollars as that was the old
price of aldermen the new ones range
nigutr- icu? iqtk raper
TnE Texas Rocte for a R iukoad to the
Pacific Major Hcintzeham of the U S
Army after many tars spent in the West
publishes a letter in the Cincinnati Railroad
Recorder advocating the Texas route for a
railroad to the Pacific The Recorder adds a
tabic of distance showing that even Cincinnati
is 471 miles nearer to the Pacific by way of
Texas than by its most formidable rival line-
through the southwest pass on the parallel of
41 degrees. The Recorder thinks that it wonld
moreover be impossible to run through the
Rocky Mountains in winter
THURSDAY MARCH 20 185G.
D" A locomotive has been built in Phila-
delphia for Mexico Hi to run ou the rail-
road from Vera Cruz which has beenconstruc-
ted Tor a distance or fifteen miles
EC" A miscreant who plated obstructions on
the Atlanta and La Grange railroad in Gcor
gia has been sentenced to the Penitentiary for
fifteen 3 ears
--
W iiisklv On the opemiT or navigation
twelve thoiisind barrels of whiskey were
shipped in one week from Cincinnati for the
Southern States
Postage to r i ance. B a recent arrange-
ment with h ranee an 1 England printed matter
can be sent b British mail vcsselsfor I-ranee
on the prepayment of the United States
postage alone
The United States postag isf wo cents each
on newspapers and one c nt an ounce on
pamphlets music sheets etc
Suoonv. Stveral i-aoN were exchanged
between some of the ofhctrs of the law in San
Antonio and a man nanel OBhiln They
attempted to take OBiikss horse which
was claimtd by another ptrw n and he resist
ed The Texan j from which wt obtain these
particulirs doe not say that any damage
was done
Nli.ro Killed Two negroes enraged bv
jealous had a fight recently in Brcnham and
oneof them (owned by Mr W II Camack)
was Killed The other fled So savs the
BrenJiavt Enquirer
-t -
SittTiL Ah-air Two pcrsoas with their
fates bhekened entered the house of a man
named Winn near San Vntonio about two
weeks ago and beat Ward andhis wife ma
shoiKinginauner
-
Iortv Livts Lot It is stated that not
Its than fort persons were drowned by the
sinking or the steamer Lefts In the Ohio
river This ad catastrophe was caused by a
collision with the steameriiWaVnearl cwis-
port Bid Roads From every quarter we have
reports or the almost impassable condition
of the roads A gentleman informs us that
he w as eight da s on the wa from San Vn-
tonio to Indiauola Wagoning being difficult
and expensive ou account of the roads and
swollen streams together with the scarcity of
grass this 1 ite Spring such supplies of goods
us have to be hauled from the coast arc much
w mted in many portions of the interior
-
vw Rliorii V bill ha been pre-cutcd In
the Louisiana Legislature to establish a new
court for New Orleans composed of three
judges to preside over the trial of jury causes
vvuerc the amount in controversy exceeds three
hundred dollars The testimony is not to be
written down as i the case in other courts of
the State
Wl observe that man practitioner in the
law court of the country are in favorof abol-
ishing juries in civil eases except where dam
ages are to be assessed
Artesian Well in Nlw Orleans The
Board of Aldermen of New Orleans have re.
solved to discontinue the boring of the Vrtcaian
well as the appropriation is exhausted Seve-
ral small vein or water have been pierced
aud the last one gives a flow or mx gallons per
minute from the top of the tnbe It is pro-
nouuetd identical with the water of Blandon
Spring Vlabama It is thought a large supply
of water can be got at a depth ofnme. hundred
reel and the papers recommend a St ilc appro-
priation to carry on the work on the ground
that it is au experiment in which tho State is
interested
- A
A Rlnau ir TilukLsS llie riauTviuoiiitT
Texan kdsa. man with loug gray hair and
beard about sixty car old traveling in com-
pau with a mulatto was arrested on suspi-
cion between San Antonio and Castroville
The man made hi escape afterwards and the
mulatto dressed in men clothe turned out
to be a woman and was soon delivered of a
finebo of which she sas her companion
Drei-b i the father Sho give hcr name as
Rhoda sas she belonged to Mr Henoerson
of Johnson county Missouri which place she
left iu Nov ember last and had been traveling
ever since for Mexico In company with
Dkeish
The Wiu with Rcssia It appears that
one good effect will result from the war
between the Allies and Russia and that is
Turkey will be open to Christians The Sultan
hasgnehis sanction to a reform bill tolera-
ting all rehgons permitting Christian to
hold State offices and abolishing punishment
for change of religion
The Suit m lately attended aball given by
the British mbassador and conformed to
Christian customs in many respects much to
the astonishment of his subjects. A great
change i certain to take place la Turkey. Her
fertility invites foreigners whose enterprise
will supplant the lazy natives and society
will speedily conform to the manners of
Christian nat ona
-
)n As uu el Smith We had the pleasure
of meeting this gentleman in our city a few
da sago The Doctor was one of the most
efficient advocates or the Debt Bill which
passed the Legislature. He and all tho3e
gentlemen to whom we are indebted for the
removal of the incubus which weighed on our
State and occupied the time of our Legisla-
ture have done well and although they have
not passed man bill that one was of more
consequence than a host of the small fry ' left
on the Speaker s desk
-
KF"Afew days since we published an in-
stance of spontaneous combustion of cotton
seed and consequent loss of considerable prop-
ty by fire A friend has since handed us a
letter from CoL Groce written from hi plan-
tation on the 10th inst.in which he says
" I came near having my gin mill and thirty
or fort bales of cotton burnt up a few day
since by the pile of cotton seed that had been
thrown out taking fire in consequence of be-
ing ov erhea ted Fortunate. some hand who
were working near b discovered the smoke
and gave the alarm Mr Lamotul hastened
to the spot with all his force; and with hoes
and water the succeeded In putting out the
fire but not without the greatest difficulty
Thcyhbortd from 9AM till I P.M before
the l! anas were subdued Mr L deserves
much credit for his great exertions Would
it not be well to have planter put upon their
guard against the great risk they run in per-
mitting large heaps or green cotton seed to
accumulate around their gins ? '
There is indeed no doubt that many or the
fire by which cotton gin and large amount
of cotton arc frequently consumed originate
from this cause
--
EC?" W e are not in the habit of commenting
ou communications which appearinour paper
As wc claim the right of expressing our own
opinion on all matter of public interest so
we concede the same right toothers through
our columns though wc may not concur in the
sentiments expressed We hope always to be
able to restrict ourselves to the use of decor
on and respectful language in the discussion
of important public questions and wc impose
no other restriction on those who desire to
participate in such discussion We insert the
communication or Mr DcYoing to-da as wc
did another or a political cast in our last
simply because they discus matter or concern
to our readers in language to which wc can
take no exception
W vr Ahead V long war and a desperate
one is to occur very shorthl if Rev d Mr
BALDwiN.wboi lecturing in New Orleans is to
be believed lie undertake to prove from the
Scriptures says the N O JJttltetm that the
United States pointedly recognized In pro
phesy and that a great battle is just ahead of
us in which wc arc to meet and whip the en-
tire globe with the assistance of France I This
great fight it seems is to be all over by 1878
so that w e have not much time to lose in pre-
paring and wc suggest that prompt measures
be taken by our military to give theenemya
warm reception as it appears wc are to be
invaded by the Russians Turks British aud
all other barbarians and the thing is to be de
cided in the valley of the Mississippi pro-
bably just below New Orleans where the
other fight was 1
HOOKS.
Ccu i A new w ork on Cuba will I shortly
issued from the press by Debut JL Jackson
publishers New York entitled the Island of
Cuba by Alexander Hcsiboldt translated
from the Spanish with notes and a prclimin
ary essay by J S Thrasher bringing down
the history to the present time The price
I J mo with a map will be $125 and the
work now first presented to the public by a
man whose position has given him every Tacil
it to throw new light upon a siiljcct so
widel popular will doubtless cause it to have
a wide circulation c-peciall in the Sonth
whero the acquisition of the 11 md b the
United States has become such an universal
theme for di-cus-Iou
Amecicin Jocrn vr oi Km cation The
March jNo or this new work opens with an
article headed ' Debating a means of educa-
tional discipline ind following it another en-
titled Teaching a mean of self-culture -There
arc numerous articles ou public librane-
school books and sstems of instruction
The periodical Is designed to fill a vacancy
by furnishing the current educational intelli-
gence or the worIt N A Cilking publisher
348 Broadway New York terms $3 per ear
DeBow s Re iew The March number con-
tains a number or valuable articles which will
well reward the reader It information m
reference to Southern trade agriculture inter-
nal improvement and education is of value to
Texas readers
Ldinubirg Rlvilw Mers Scott Ji Co
hav e sent us the first number of the forty fouth
volume of this review
The index which null we have had time to
read embrace some ver interesting subjects
lT7 Gen P F.Suirn arrived from Imlt.in
ft 111 tills InnrnintT bv till f inior Mnrirn .m.1
leaves this evening for New Orleans We
regret to learn that he is in feeble health
Editors oi- tul ew lam not iu the
habit of makiug remark for publication in
the Newspapers I am an unpretending me-
chanic and claim to be nothing more
I should not resort to this communication
if I had not deemed niself together with nu-
merous others of ni fellow citizen to have
been insulted by a paragruph that appeared
in the Civilian just after our charter election
I have waited for some one else better able
then myself to take Dp the subject but as no
one seems disposed to doit I feci compelled
b man reasons to allude to it
It wa stated In the CttiUan I suppose by
Mr Brown himself that some of our fellow
citizen had voted against him In consequence
of their being tender footed on the subject of
slavery and for the reason that they disap
proved of his. course towards Mr Sherwoou
In the Legislature or language to that import
Now I wish to state that I did not vote for
Mr Brown
I will give my reasons for my course
In the first place Mr Brown is not a man
to iny liking Hi speeches at the time he
was a candidate for theLegislature were to
say the least offtnsiv e to good taste and this
was commonly repeated by our citizens at that
time I went along with the rest of the Demo-
crats and voted for him but uot without mis-
givings of his usefulness as a member or the
Legislature I coull see but little in Mr
BrowN at that time to admire or that was
calculated to give confidence
In the next plate I regard Mr Uuuwn s
course toward 3Ir Sherwood as very repre-
hensible It wa equally censurable to have
imposed upon and misled the constituency
that elected them both When Mr Brown
introduced hi protest against the speteh or
Mr SnEawooD he was warned by Mr Sher-
wood that he had misconceived the speech
Vi hen he repeated the request to put the pro-
test ou the journal or the House he was
charged directly by Col D incy with Misrepre-
sentation Xhl appear from the printed
speeches or those gentlemen
It wu sufficient in my mind to have caused
a prudent and fair man to hesitate before
leading off in an accusation in the least un-
founded on a subject of such a nature I have
read over Mr Sherwood speech several
times I am unable to sec anything in it that
should have produced excitement Ihavc
heard it said that if a southern mau or a man
raised in the South had made thi speech it
would have passed without censure I saw it
stated in the Ctitltan that Mr aUEi.wooD
had probably gone no farther than TlloXS J Er-
ilrson or Henri Clai
If this is so I would inquire whether men
who are regarded n sound as Jeifirson or
CLAvon the subject of slaver arc to be
treated as traitors to the South branded with
epithets and insulted by the unthinking and
unscrupulous part of the commumt For my-
self I profes to be a Jefftrsonian Democrat
Asa Democrat I would hide my head before
I would censnrc Mr Sherwood and ask a
neighbor to vote for Fraklin Pierce AY ere
I a member of the American Party I would
do the same before I would solicit a vote for
Millaed Fillmokf Men ma cry "mad dog '
as much as they please but the dog may not
be mad after all
I have penned these remarks and request
their publication because I wish to express
my dissatisfaction as to the course pursued by
Mr Brown I think he has done much to sow
dissention in the Democratic Party His con
duct has already produced it and dissatis
faction will not be healed by a repetition of
the errors he has already committed I am in
no respect fearful that the false clamor will
impair Me. Sherwood s usefulness nor do
I believe that this community will seek to
condemn a man who has ever been devoted to
its Interests JOHN De i OU.NG
t--
Intelligence from Austin We copy the
following Items from the State Gazette
Tits Murderer of Chris topk JLtesgen We
learn that the parties accused of the murder
of the unfortunate Moesgen near New Braun-
fels were convicted at the last term of the
court and sentenced to nine years confinement
each In the State l Penitentiary They consist
of the wire and daughter of the deceased and
the daughter husband It was said that the
daughter held the candle while the son in law
murdered her own father Wc have not seen
or heard of the evidence adduced in the final
trial but doubt not that the punishment inflic-
ted was richly merited The expense to the
county of Comal f6r keeping these prisoners
securely has been nearly one thousand dollars
dcaje of limes the Incendiary It will
excite tonio sensation when it i known that
thcauthorof the destruction of the. Adjutant
General s Office has escaped from the guard of
tnosiicrlii ana w now at nueny
it anncars mat me auerin was aumonzed
to employ ample guard for the safe keeping of
ine prisoner a uu iuai uu nua uuuer guaru
when he made hi escape
There were four guard emp!oed by the
Sheriff and the prisoner was placed in a room
of Mr hwenson new buildius At the time
of his escape three of the guard were absent
ami iuc iounu gave no account oi nis c-cape
Thee.scanc of this prisoner and the utter
inability of the State to bring to justice the
accessories call loudly for a. radical reform in
our criminal laws It seems to be utterly hope-
less to do an thing in thi case in the present
state of things Eren if Ilincs should be
cauirht and brought hack we have no assur
ance that justice will be done The admis
sion is a deplorable oner truly but such ccm
to be the fact and it is time that wc looked the
matter in its tmc light and effect some
remedy
nANit the guard on duty when Hinls
escaped w is arrested examined by u magis-
trate aud discharged but has -mcc been ar-
rested again
VGoud Winding Ur The Hon Miss Mlu
ra winds up her book on the United State
w ith the following sentence .
' One mizhtas well hope to improve the mor
als and increase the happiness of au idiot by
turning him out of an asylum as to hope for
benefit for the negro from abolitionism '
A o wonder the Vbolitionists arc up iu arm
against one who utters the simple truth m
such a plain spoken way
1--
It I believed that coffee can be cultivated in
some of our Southern States as successfully as
in Brazil Java and Jamacia That its cultiva-
tion in our country would be invaluable may
be inferred from the fact that it cots us no
less than $15 700000 annually as an importa-
tion -The coffee tree it is well known hves to
a great age provided the soil Is kept well
drained and bezin to bear when three vtars
aid; increasing in fruition till seven years of
oge it is to oe nopca mac ine experiment
will speedily be tried in some of onr Southern
State
1--
It is estimated by the Hon Mr McDougal
of South Carolina that in 1853 there arrived
at ban Francisco $100000000 worth of mer-
chandise at an arsrrecatc cast for freights and
ins j ranee of $286b6O0O That the passenger
travel amounted to $36300000 and govern-
ment transportation $3739000 making an ag
gregate of over $70000000 for expenses of
traveling mercnamuse ana stores irom tne
Atlantic to the Pacific States This would have
been done on a Pacific Railroad
one-tl
Rome February Cth IsjG
Editori Aews On the evening of our
arrival In Rome the rain poured down iu tor-
rents the atmosphere was cold and piercing
which during the night of the 20th December
turned the rain into snow and ice a very un-
usual sight in Rome we w ere informed
Our first visit on the following morning w a
to the famous Cathedral of St Peters From
the Piazza in front of the Church wc passed
between the magnificent colonade or 345
columns and pilasters surmounted by a heavy
entablature and 192 colossal statues of Saints.
In the centre of the piazza is an Egyptian
Obelisk 13J fret high with a beautiful foun-
tain oucuch side throwing large stream of
w ater some 20 feet high the spra of which
with the reflection of the sun causes a perpet-
ual rainbow In front on a small eminence
is the gigantic edifice of St Peter and on
the right of it the enormous mass of build-
ing of the Vatican Palace We ascended the
flight of steps between the two colossal white
marble statues of St Peter and Pall and
entered the graftd vestibule of the Cathe-
dral 4SJ feet long at cither end the eques-
trian statues of Emperors CoNsxAxriNEand
Charlemagne
We entered one of the hve grand portal
and stood aniazed in the centre of the rtat
vault looked down the immense nave of
niort than Cuo feet in length the largest
grandest and most majestic of all christian
temples beautiful in it simplicity and perfect
harmony of it architecture We could m
part form un imperfect idea of it gigantic
scale by wandering with our eyes over it
length breadth and height anl compare
distant colossal statue on the pier with those
ncarua the height of the magnificent ave
is ol feet it Is vaulted and decorated with
rich gilt stucco paunel the piers are embel-
lished with two Corinthian pilaster" and
niehes between them contain colossal statues
of saints Corresponding with the great
arches of the Nave are the chapels in the side
aisles the altar of which are decorated with
magnificent mosaics between two rich por.
phyry marble column the wall or the pier
and aisle are faced and panncled with costly
marbles and medallions of bo relicf- and
studed with innumerable sepulchral monu-
ment of various device and architectures.
We passed along the middle of the nave on
the superb mosaic marble pavement to the
immense transept 4G0 feet long and then
looked upwards at the greatest object of ad-
miration the majestic Dome raised upon lour
colossal piers to the height or 405 feet from
the pavement to the summit of the cupcla
which is covered with mosaic representing
the Savior the Twelve Apostle and Vngcl.
Immediately under the great dome is the high
altar or balalachmo supported by four spiral
columns of solid bronze ornamented with rich
gilt foliage and capitals of the composite
order Under the altar i the supulchre of St.
Peter to which a double fiight of step leads
The shrine of the saint is of bronze gilt around
which 120 hue gilt lamp are suspended and
kept burning day and night. In front of the
altar is the Tribune exceedingly rich in orna-
ments In it centre i the famous bronze
chair of St Peter supported by the four Fa-
thers of the church and within the bronze
chair i said to be the identical chair u-ed by
St Pltei. and man or hi successors
On the last pier on the right or the nave is
the bronze statue or fat Peter siting in a
chair with his right foot extended which the
faithful ou entering the church kiss three
time and pre their forehead against it after
each salutation The million of kis"c the
saint his received during so many centuries
has completely worn off the first joint of his
big toe although the balance will last Tor
many hundred year to come with the. same
usage
Having been presented with a written per-
mit to go on top of the ht Peter bybur
banker wc accordingly took the advantage of
the first clear day and ascended the broad
paved spiral staircase which lead to the roof
by so gentle an ascent that horses might per-
form the journe On arriving upon the roof
which is flat and covered with cojper we
found on it fountain playing and quite a
village of little house occupied by tenants
that pursue the usual occupation of life
From the roof wc ascended several winding
stair cases between the double dome ror only
then we found there wa a dome within a
dome entered it tncccsslv c internal galanes
looked down upon the pavement and saw
ladies and gentlemen walk about like toy
figures Wt still ascended until wc reached
the top of the lantern from the balcony of
which we enjoyed one of the finest views over
Rome and it3 environ ; its desolate conipagna
bounded on one side by the snow covered
chain of the Appennmcs and on the other by
the Mediterranean We ascended from this
point up to the copper ball by an iron ladder.
The ball i eight feet in diameter and large
enough to hold 10 person though from below
it docs not appear larger than au ordinary
man head Wc were fully impressed as wc
left with the stupendous size and proportions
of the fat Peter Next we directed our steps
to the Vatican Palace one of the most inter-
esting historical buildings in the world. It is
composed of an immense pile of Irregular
building constructed at different period and
by different pontiff during ten or fifteen
centuries without any plan of uniformity un-
til now it I said to contain upward of 4400
rooms twenty courts and more- than 200 stair
cases It contains beside the residence of
the Pope the celebrated Vatican Museum
library and picture gallanes. The Museum
contain the largest and most valuable collec-
tion of antique sculpture sepnlchral tablets
sarcophagi statue and busts of deities
vases and other household utensib? from Egyp-
tian Etruscan Pagan and Roman nation
many from two to three thousand years old
commencing with the kingly period of Rome
753 cars before the birth or Christ an I show-
ing the gradual Improvement during the king-
ly republican and imperial governments from
which time some or the rarest and most beau-
tiful productions are brought down to ns to
the admiration or all and attracting artists
and architects from all part of the world to
congregate and study them
In the picture gallery there are some of the
rarest and finest specimens of art In the
known world. Raphael's Transfiguration
hi Coronation of the 3Iadona lc Ac. the
Communion of St Jerome by Doiienicuino
the Crucifixion of St pETEr by Giido
which have no equals much less superiors.
The Libra r of the Vatican contains some
J5000 valuable and interesting manuscripts
in all know n languages some a early as the
fifth century a fine folio Bible in capital Ut-
ters from the sixth century; many MSS
from the reformation besides some 100 000
volume or printed books from the earliest
period of the invention of printing
Wc next visited the Papal Mosaic Factory
where the large 3toaic picture and likenesses
are manufactured for government account
They are made of small pieces of enamel of
various colors to produce the requisite light
and shade uet in cement upon stone and after
ward polished until they produce an even sur
face Many of the pictures require from five
to twent years' wort. an 1 contain thousand
of different tints or smalt
The part or the Palace occupied by the Pope
is rigorously guarded by the fawiss Halber-
dier Strangers arc only admitted as far a
the large hall or ante chamber from which
ladies are strictly excluded. Wc examined
the beautiful frescos on the walls and met one
of the Pope Mlivcncd bod servant or cham-
berlain dressed in rich crimson silk damask
whom wc induced by a bm.no marie to show
us some of the Pope private apartments.
The first we entered from the ante-chamber
was the grand reception room where the Pope
receive the crowned head ambassadors Ac.
Ac a truly very noble apartment hung with
rich crimson damask the floor covered with
heavy green biize the doors covered with
crimson cloth the ceiling of rich carved gild
ing with the Pope a coat of arms in the cen-
tre The walls were decorated with fine gobe-
lin illustrating scenes from the New Testa-
ment The adjoining rooms were similar
furnished Tor council and committee room
Ac Ac
After seeing the interior of tho Vatican to
our satisfaction wc had the curiosity to ex-
amine the exterior or minor parts traversing
several of the court yard and visiting the
Papal stables and carriage houses In the
way "of fine horse and gaudy carnages the
pe certainly oat-shines all the crowned
44 we have seen yet "W examined one of
s - fcaaiiaaaalaa
the carriages of State of which the wheels
andnmning gears were all heavily gilt the
body nf the carriage exquisitely painted and
around the top was a heavily gilt cornice and
the inside most gorgeously lined with figured
silk velvet One of the custodians informed
us this was only Major Dorao's; the Popes
carnage of State was much superior
Christmas day Ceremony at St Veter's'
We were informed that ii order to get ad-
mission to the Logia near the tnbune on
chnstraas day nt the St Peters ladies had to
appear in black dres-e" with black veils over
their head in place of bonnet and gentle-
men in black dress coit3 and white cravat
Wc equipped ourselves accordingly and ar-
med at the Cathedral at 9 o clock a m
The ladies were conducted to seat upon an
elevated platfrom near the High Altar the
gentleman on the opposite side we preferred
to stroll about the church At half pat 9
o clock a large bod of Irench infantry was
marched into the church and stationed on
each side of the INave shortly after a com-
pany of bwtss Halberdiers arrived and were
stationed outside anl around the Tnbune
after these last but not least a detachment
of the Pope s noble guard a very fine set of
men very richly equipped were marched in
anl stationed inside the Tribune Immedi-
ately after the Pope arrived. He wa earned
on a portable throne in iokmu procession
into the chnrch dressed exquisitely in rich
white satin embroidered with gold On hi
head he wore the triple crown and before him
were ca med two large fan of ostnch feathers
with the eye of pcacockTs feathers set in
them then followed the cross-bearers Thnn-
fers Deacons Bishops Patriarchs Prelates
Cardinals Senators Ac Ac Ac Surrounded
by the Noble Guard andSwi. Halberdiers
The procession moved through the Hall of the
church hi Holiness giving his benediction
to the multitude a he was earned along to
the Tribune where he dismounted and acen 1-
ed the throne erected for the occasion After
some chanting from the choir his Holmes
unrobed and clothed for the celebration of the
mass which wa3 performed in a most se'emn
manner with the assistance of Prelates Dea-
con and Cardinals At the conclusion of
which his Holmes wa again earned from
the church in the same manner a he was
brought in the Cardinal and other dignita-
ne of tho church had their carriage of State
and livened servant in waiting and drove to
their respective palace; the military with-
drew and so did we satisfied with what we
had seen
Beside St Peter Rome has some 3G2
churche andBaaihcas one richer and more
gorgeouslydecorated than the others with fine
statues printing and marble 3Iany of them
have costly marble column and pilasters
brought from Egypt or Greece from older edi-
fice Other are or peculiar architecture
having been onginally dedicated to classical
God and subsequently adapted ror christian
worship Several contain sepulchre of
Saint and martyrs and are interesting in
connection with the history of the church.
We hive visited upward of one hundred of
the most interesting churches at different
hours or the day but invariably found them
deserted except a few foreigners or sight-
seer like ourselves and a legion of beggars
who beset the doors and are so clamorous and
Importunate in their supli cation that we are
often obliged to give to get rid of them.
The number and variety of convents and
monistcne form another interesting part of
Rome e have been credibly informed that
upward of ten thousand Ecclesiastics reside
in and about Rome and the number and
variety of order that daily crowd the street
and place of attraction from the poor thirfty
pclegnns or pilgrims to the pnncely Cardi-
nals' equipage l truly astonishing
Rome i entirely supported by stranger
Sa.ng scaianj Hurt ura &$ many us tw euty lo
thirty thousand thi year there arc but few
and among the few Amenca i for the first
time largest represented Among the distin
guished Americans i our Ex President Fill
more who had a reception at the residence of
Mr C-ts our Minsster on the 8th Inst. to
which all liucncan citizens were invited and
numbered some 400 A few days ago 31 r
Fillmoe had an audience with the Pope who
it was said received our Ex Chief 3Iagitrate
standing and offered bini a scat a most ex-
traordinary honor at the Pope s Court.
The ruin and antique buildings form an-
other most important feature in this city
e have been trotting about this last month.
from early till late examining them. The
most antique arc the Maronotine pnsons
which existed more than ix centunes before
Christ andin which church tradition says St.
Peter was imprisoned but liberated by the
supernatural appearance of an angel Next
in antiquity are the substructions and Doric
portico of the Capitol the temple of lortuna
VirilN wa the Armenian church of Santa
3IAR1 v Egizziaca the ruins or the temple of
Herclles Custo the enclosure of the
Island in the Tiber m the form of a ship
and the building of a temple to Lcllapius
the God of 3Iedicine the tombs and Sarco-
phagus of the Scipio family Ac are all the
works of the Republican time from one to
five centuries before the birth of Christ
The most magnificent monument we now
ee and admire arc those from the imienal
reign commencing thirty years before Chnst
Ruin of the C t in Palaces which occupied
the ground of a large city are now a desolate
mas-s partly covered by vineyards anl gar-
dens also various classical templse arcade
and theatres in the forum of which some
magnificent column and porticos stand yet
and are the pride and admiration of architect
the great sepuchral pyramid of Caiur Ces-
tius the stupendiou arches of the aque-
duct of Clodius 25 mile in length built in
the year of A D 40 the Coliseum or Amphi-
theatre one of the noblest ruin m Rome
built in the reign of Vespiciin A D 70
after the taking of Jerusalem by the hand
of many thousand of captive Jews danag
ten ears tune four stone or 157 Teet high
the thicknes of the wall are over 50 Teet
the diameter of the building is upward of
GOO feet covenng an area of over G acre
and capable of holding 100000 spectator
and the place where many thousand of the
early chnstian were devoured by wild beasts
the magnificient arch of Titus built by the
Senate to commemorate the conquest of
Jerusalem in the year A D.9G the Pan-
theon the forum and magnificent column of
Truin to commemorate the battle of the
Danube V D 117 the works or iDRiAVof
the second century arc all marked by their
gigantic scale as hi tombs nowthefamou
Roman fort of St. Anoelo the temple of
Venus of Rome Ac Ac Ac
In the third century the baths of Cavacalla
surpaa In grandeur anything m Rome and
excite the urpnse or every traveler In the
fourth century the stupendous baths of Diocle-
tian which covered an area of twelve acres
and are said to have been bmlt by 40000
christian who suffered persecution under him
and hi successor. The ruin of the grand
temple of peace or Ua-nlica 0r Constantine
which like many others was converted into a
chnstian temple by that Emperor after hi
conversion to Christianity These arc a few
of the antiquities that show us the extended
idea of the former Romans and lead u to
draw comparisons between Rome a it wa in
the days of it grandeur and Rome as it now
l. a city of poverty and filth without com-
merce manufacture or agriculture that now
has to hire foreign military to preserve order
among a degraded ignorant population ol
which two third cannot write their name
for since our sojourn in Italy we have not seen
the first sign of a public school and very few
pnvatc one excepting for the education of
Feclcsiastics.
Having heard so much or the famous Carni-
val of Rome we concluded to remain and sec
it anl consequently with a party of others
hire I a balcony for thirty dollar
The Carnival commenced on the 2Cth ult and
continued every day Sunday and Friday ex-
cepted. It I confined to the prindpal street
called the ia Carso about one mile in length
At two o clock every afternoon the discharge
of a piece of ordnance and the parade of a
military band of music announce the Carni-
val open immediately after the masqueraders
both on foot and in carriages pour in from
every direction dressed in eTery Imaginable
antastic costume that of the military and
daaradrtacqtrit Mch are .Wcllypro-
YfitsA FtlT Tnnn(iMil ta n-mrliliul wU
u..nw. .j .. rv.u1.u ..
In bonqnet of fine flowers confectlonaries and
confitl which Is small bean coated with
-1...1T. . at-.. -VlJr a.ak.an - m
I cbalfcam. nr yh'
fusely at each other as well a the fair occn
pants of the windows and balconies after ex-
changing flowera a.nd confectionanes At
five ? clock P M. the discharge of another
piece of ordnance gives the signal to clear the
street which is lined by infantry for the horse
races they consist of eight horses being fantas-
tically painted and draped and are made to
run without riders amidst the shout3 of the
thousands from one extremity of the street to
the other for which the best receive prizes.
The prizes as well as the expense attending
these races are paid by tne Jewisn population
of Rome for the privilege of residing In the
eternal city and is derived from an ancient
custom when so many Jews had to perform
the race for the amusement or tne uomans.
Last evening Shrovetide all the hoises along
the course were illuminated and the mas-
queraders formed a torch light procession
trying to extainguish each others lights
The Carnival wa wound np with fancy
masquerade ball which were attended by all
classes either as performers or spectators
To-morrow we shall depart for Naples from
which city you will hear again from
Yonr J A. S
-!
rexiit "Uilltary Institute.
REPORT OFTIIEBOmi OFENAMINERS.
Galvestov March 1 15G
The undersigned having been invited by
Profesror Forsuet to superintend the semi
annual examination of the Cadet of the Mil-
itary Institute athi place deni it proper to
publish a statement of it progress and result.
The Institute is under the management and
proprietorship of it founder Professor Caleb
G. Forhet A.M a pupil of the Military
Vcademy at West Point and U superintendent
with the rank of Colonel.
Major William EL Bcrnet A B a grad-
uate of the Kentucky Military Institute is
Commandant of Cadet
As Professors these two gentlemen alter-
nate in giving instructions to most of the
classes. A cadet assistant aids in the Aca-
demic department ; and the community
throughout the State may rely that additional
Professora of the highest capacity will he
employed as the number of cadets increases.
The number of cadet is now forty-eight
ranging from twelve to nineteen years old.
The following I the programme of the ex
amination which continued for three days
Academic Department
English Grammar 31 cadets
History of United State ZZ cadets.
Geography 29 cadet
Arithmetic section 1st 17 cadets.
" 2d 22
Natural Philosophy 17 cadets.
Latin Grammar and Reader 11 cadet
Collegiate Department
Indent languages 3 cadets
French " "
Logic and Rhetoric " "
Algebra and Geometry 1 1 cadets.
Book Keeping 15 cadets
Whole Institute
Lectures (explanation of the Daily Morning
Lecture Drill School of Company and Bat-
talion )
The examination on these subjects occupied
the 12th 13th and 14th instant
The 15th was occupied in Declamations
Recitations Original Essays and Oration.
ending with a humorous original Colloquy
A very large audience wa present and the
interesting exercises held them nntil a late
hour
The dement list was read to the public and
the number rcorded against each cadet was
given with hi name. Of the 48 cadets there
were 13 who had no dement as follows
James Chapman Alexander Compton
WilterC Hunter Robert Jon Crockett
M KingSterlingMcVeill RobtA Park
fcELix 11 Robertson- Edwin C Rice Wm
L. Thornton Dcgat William Rtde-X
GRibsarand Wm-I-ield And by the ap-
plication of the rule to remit the demerit of
those having not more than fee in a session.
or ten- in a year three other names are added
namely. Edmund B Gatle Julius W Ma
nek and Enoch D John The average de-
ment of the corps was 32.
The Infantry Dnll of the cadets was wit
nessed by the Board and a large concourse of
citizen and gave perfect satLsfaction. The
want of arm i to be regretted and the Board
only repeat public opinion as far as they have
heard It in recommending a supply of cadet
arm and accoutrements by the State They
deem it needless to argue the point as it is an
established rule with mauy of the States and
i manifestly wise and politic Professor For
suet as Colonel and Professor Burnet a
Lieutenant Colonel exhibited the corps in all
the important manujuvres of the Battalion
Dnll and in addition to their opinion of its
value as a physical hygiene in youth and a
mean of national defence in manhood they
regard the military organization as of incal-
culable value in instilling the principles of
honor in the intercourse of pupil and professor
and among one another instead of the usual
relation of suspicion deception and trickery
In this light It cannot be regarded too highly
and the State owes much to the talented and
public spintedhead of this Institute
The exercises in 3forian Hall on the evening
of the 15th justly attracted the general at
tention of the city The original essay by
cadet Williams on the Spanish Colonies and
by Chapman- on Great Men were sensible
and creditable productions for Cadet just
entered into the Freshman das. The oration
of cadet Thornton on the Beautiful and
Sublime was tasteful polished and able
Cadet Robertson s oration on the Effects of
Political Depravity was sensible animated
and patnotic in a high degree
Declamations by cadet Fields Collins
HOLBROOK SUATTCCr ALLET LUBBOCK a
Hatne and Coffee a Webster Ricuard-
sox and Suermax recitations of pdetryby
Paschal Park and Wm John Hohen-
Linden by cadet Siiaw in English and Latin
vere anda speech of Telemaciius in French
byG W Fnosn; "LocHiEL"byAxGELLand
Gkigsbt were the regular exercises
Thompson Thornton CiiApxixand An-
gell closed with a colloquy
An interesting incident of the evening was
the call the cadets made for Gen. Sherman-
and the request that he be Invited to the stand.
a the hero of San Jacinto the bearer then
and custodian now of the onl banner present
on that day the only flag that survived the
Texas Revolution. He was escorted to the
rostrum by Major Burnet and introduced by
Professor For3uet with thunders of ap-
plause to the cadets and audience That
banner had a prominent place among the
tasteful decorations of flags pennants eagles
and banners about the rostrum and the col
umns of the Hall
After the exercise terminated Dr Awheel.
Smith of the Board of Examiner" addressed
the cadet in a patriotic appeal to their pnde
and suggestions of daty
Dr. Smith among other topics alluded to
the value of a high physical development
from ancient history showing that the nnnv
allcd succes of the Greek and Roman people
was due mainly to this trait in connection
with intellectual culture.
Prof r or-hey ad lresed a few words to the
audience to this effect First expressing hw
grateful thanks to Maj Burnet for his able
assistance and co-operation in all the duties
of the past session and next that flattenng
a the members in the school appeared to the
unblic ther did not meet hi expectations fi.-
justify hi expenditure ; far from dioura ied
However ue ucicruuncu to succeed bnv
he said that he was in receipt of invitations
from various parts of the State to remove-
thi Institute and accept bmldings grounds
Ac free of rent; that if the people or Gal-
veston desired to retain the bool among
them they must at least offer as much hat
no teacher could expect to build & college or
pay the Tent of one; that he could sustain
one If he had these but not without Ac
Cadets neeetsanty expend sy $300. In the
Academic and 400 in Collegiate I'epartment
and It would Ukenccessanly say an average
of 400 per year
For 50 Cadet this is $ JO0Ott and for 100 the
expected number in another year $40000 add
S10000 for the amount expended by parents
friends and stranger visiting CajVls and w
have 50000 per year spent in the city which
would be lost if the school be removed.
Then an attractive school add to the popu-
lation families of wealth and taste and gives
a reputation for literature and manners which
always Induces population.
The snm of 4000 or $5000 would purchase
the present Institute and secure perman-
ently a good school perhapa be euflident fo
Ta the Texas 3fihtary Institifieaa Prof
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tan... u V
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Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Galveston Weekly News (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 13, No. 2, Ed. 1, Tuesday, March 25, 1856, newspaper, March 25, 1856; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth79852/m1/1/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.