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[Mexican Family Sits to Eat #2]
Postcard image of an unidentified Mexican family -- two women, one young female, and a man -- seated in a semi-circle on the dirt ground in front of their tent. On the ground in front of them, there is a cup near the man's feet (at left), a stack of homemade tortillas on top of one of the larger cooking pots, and a coffee pot. The postcard is post marked March 13, 1914, El Paso, Texas. The postcard reads: "Note the 'shoes' on the man. The whole family wore the same kind. Tortillas (corn or flour - water & salt) for dinner. A small ball of dough is slapped into a pancake and cooked on a piece of tin over a camp fire". The postcard is addressed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Hallowell, Maine, Loudeu Hill.
[Refugees Attending Mass]
Postcard image of Mexican Refugees attending outdoor mass at the refugee camp in Fort Bliss, Texas, ca. 1914. Most of the men and women in this photographic event are kneeling. Visible in the background are the tents that housed the refugees. According to research, the 'Mexican War Refugee Camp' (31° 49.335′ N, 106° 25.728′ W), was located inside of Fort Bliss, Texas near the present day location of the Fort Bliss Museum - 1735 Marshall Rd, Fort Bliss, TX 79906. More details about the history of Mexican War Refugee Camp can be found on the Historical Marker Database at: https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=94263 This postcard is addressed to: Miss G. M. Horne, Box 365, Portland, Maine. The message reads: 'Squaring up for their cussedness.' W [signed Walter Horne]. From vocabulary.com Cussedness - deliberate and stubborn unruliness and resistance to guidance or discipline.
[Mexican Refugees Arrive in El Paso, Texas]
The back of this postcard reads: 'Four thousand, nine hundred eighty-seven Mexican Refugees arrived in El Paso, Texas [sic] yesterday & today. Probably one thousand of them women & children. The most pitiful sight I ever saw in my life. They are now in a govern camp at Fort Bliss, Texas [sic]. This is one of a number of photos I will send you. Look it's [sic] good news today.' This postcard is post marked January 23, 1914, El Paso, Texas and it was mailed to G.M. Horne in Portland, Maine. The author of the postcard is Walter Horne.
[Children of the Mexican Revolution]
Postcard image of an unidentified group of a children going about their daily lives during the Mexican Revolution. This image features four young girls, two young boys, and a young female who is facing away from the camera. The two boys appear to be in good spirts as they are smiling at each other. The young girl at the far right is using a wash basin. There is no information about the identities for the children in this image nor any information on the exact location of this event. This postcard was mailed by Walter Horne to his mother Mrs. Horne who was living in Hallowell, Maine.
[Mexican Prisoners Under Guard at Fort Bliss]
The postcard caption reads: Mexican prisoners under guard at Fort Bliss. These two U.S. Army soldiers are transporting these men in this open wagon to an unknown location - presumably in the direction of Fort Bliss, Texas. According to the information from the postcard, the men in the back of the wagon are Mexican prisoners. Three of the 'prisoners' are holding shovels and one man is holding a broom. This group of men or 'prisoners' is most likely part of a wok detail. Two mules are pulling the wagon. The soldier in the foreground is holding a Springfield style rifle. Some of the men in the back of the wagon appear to be holding cans of paint. This postcard is addressed to G.M. Horne in Portland, Maine and was sent by Walter Horne himself.
[Bidding Farewell to their Native Land]
Postcard image of an unidentified woman and two small children standing along the Rio Grande river. According to the caption, the family is looking back towards El Paso del Norte and are bidding farewell to their native land. El Paso del Norte is now known as Ciudad Juárez. There is no corroborating information about the identities for this small family. We also do not know if the woman is the mother, grandmother, or someone else related to the children. The family appears to have all of their belongings with them. Two men can be seen in background. The Mexican Revolution displaced many families along the U.S. Mexico Border and some families never returned back to their beloved homes.
[Mexican Women - Cooking]
Postcard photograph image of Mexican women. According to the creator of this postcard, the Mexican women are preparing food and cooking. A young girl is also part of this group of women. On the back of the postcard: '(One of many groups of women who follow up the Mexican Army, preparing dinner. Note the pool of filth - the flies don't show.) Will write soon. Very busy just now. Soldiers pay day tomorrow. Hope you are ok, I am. Yours, Walter.' This postcard was mailed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Lauder Hill, Hallowell Maine. This postcard is post marked El Paso, Texas, September 2, 1912. This postcard has a 1 cent green Benjamin Franklin stamp on it. The Benjamin Franklin stamp is ca. 1909. There is advertising on the wall behind the women.
[Letter from John J. Herrera to John B. Connally - 1962-06-09]
Onionskin paper carbon copy of letter from John J. Herrera to Gubernatorial candidate John B. Connally, inviting Connally to the LULAC Convention in El Paso, at which Robert F. Kennedy would be a speaker. Herrera suggests that Connally's attendance would help garner the Latin American vote for him in the governor race and would certainly introduce him to all the LULAC delegates and guests.
A Proposal from Dorrance D. Roderick to the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) for the establish of an Institute of Inter-American Relations in El Paso, Texas
Document titled "A Proposal from Dorrance D. Roderick to League of United Latin American Citizens for the establishment of an Institute of Inter-American Relations in El Paso, Texas." The report was submitted on December 1, 1961, and includes the proposal, purpose, approach, implementation, and financing plans.
[LULAC 33rd National Convention name tag of John J. Herrera, June 22-24, 1962]
LULAC 33rd National Convention name tag for John J. Herrera, Past National President, Council #60. The nametag has the LULAC emblem and lists the conference as taking place in El Paso on June 22, 23, 24, 1962.
[Envelope from John J. Herrera to LULAC National Office]
Envelope with no postmark from John J. Herrera addressed to League of United Latin American Citizens National Office in El Paso, Texas.
Five Point Plan of Paul Andow
Document is titled "Five Point Plan of Paul Andow ; Candidate for League of United Latin American Citizens National President." The document describes Andow's experience and details his plans for LULAC.
[Letter from John J. Herrera to Mr. and Mrs. Roberto Vasquez - 1963-05-30]
Letter to Mr. and Mrs. Roberto Vasquez, typed and dated May 30, 1963. The letter discusses the convention of the League of United Latin American Citizens.
[Letter from M. J. Romo to Joe Garza - 1963-09-27]
Letter from M. J. Romo, Advertising Manager of LULAC News, to Joe Garza, Texas State Director, dated September 27,1963. The letter requests that Garza send a photo of himself to be printed in LULAC News and that each director should sell advertisements to local merchants to pay for the printing.
[Letter from William D. Bonilla to John J. Herrera - 1964-07-13]
Letter from William D. Bonilla to John J. Herrera, dated July 13, 1964, regarding travel and administrative plans.
[Letter from Paul Andow to Irene Zermeno - 1964-07-30]
Letter from Paul Andow to Irene Zermeno, dated July 30, 1964, regarding an invitation to the "Rey Feo" dance on August 21, 1964.
[Letter from Albert Armendariz to the Board of Directors of National LULAC Homes, Incorporated - 1964-08-31]
Onionskin carbon copy of a letter from Albert Armendariz to the Board of Directors of National LULAC Homes, Incorporated, dated August 31, 1964, regarding the board's decision to terminate Armendariz's legal services due to what the board saw as a conflict of interest.
[Letter from William D. Bonilla to Nick Salmon - 1964-09-09]
Letter from William D. Bonilla to Nick Salmon, dated September 9, 1964, regarding a brief concerning Emilio Salmon, filed with the Court of Civil Appeals in El Paso, Texas by Albert Almendarez.
[Letter from William D. Bonilla to Guillermo Villarreal - 1964-09-17]
Letter from William D. Bonilla to Guillermo Villarreal, dated September 17, 1964, regarding management of the LULAC Home.
[Letter from John J. Herrera to J. C. Machuca - 1964-09-24]
Letter from John J. Herrera to J. C. Machuca, dated September 24, 1964, regarding an investigation concerning a LULAC apartment in El Paso, Texas.
[Letter from J. C. Machuca to John J. Herrera - 1964-09-29]
Letter from J. C. Machuca to John J. Herrera, dated September 29, 1964, regarding legal issues concerning ads sold by Jesus Romero and Rudy Pena in the July, August and September issues of LULAC News. Machuca alleges that Romero and Pena endorsed payment checks from advertisers to LULAC News and then pocketed the money for themselves.
[Letter from William D. Bonilla to Corporation Court Judge - 1964-10-07]
Letter from William D. Bonilla to Corporation Court Judge, dated October 7, 1964, regarding an incident involving the Pasadena Police and Rodolfo Rodriguez on October 4, 1964.
[Letter from F. J. Frohoff to William D. Bonilla - 1964-10-09]
Onionskin carbon copy of a letter from F. J. Frohoff to William D. Bonilla, dated October 9, 1964, regarding the operation of the Villa Del Norte Apartments.
[Letter from Frank M. Valdez to the Chairman of Villa Del Norte, Incorporated - 1964-12-07]
Onionskin carbon copy of a letter from Frank M. Valdez to the Chairman of the Board of Villa Del Norte, Incorporated, dated December 7, 1964, requesting information to be used to compile a report by the Committee to Investigate LULAC Corporations.
[Letter from Frank M. Valdez to the Chairman of the LULAC National Home Committee - 1964-12-07]
Onionskin carbon copy of a letter from Frank M. Valdez to the Chairman of the LULAC National Home Committee, dated December 7, 1964, requesting information to be used to compile a report by the Committee to Investigate LULAC Corporations.
[Letter from Frank M. Valdez to J. C. Machuca - 1964-12-07]
Letter from Frank M. Valdez to J. C. Machuca, dated December 7, 1964, requesting information concerning Villa Del Norte, Park South, and the LULAC National Home.
[Letter from William D. Bonilla to James B. Sedillo - 1964-12-22]
Letter from William D. Bonilla to James B. Sedillo, State Director of LULAC for Arizona, dated December 22, 1964, concerning the LULAC State Charter in Arizona and a request for materials to be published in LULAC News.
[Letter from Belen Robles to John J. Herrera - 1965-12-07]
Letter from Belen Robles, LULAC National Secretary, to John J. Herrera on December 7, 1965, regarding congressional approval of the proclamation and observation of LULAC Week during February 13, 1966 through February 19, 1966.
[Campaign brochure for Romeo Vera for Texas State Director of LULAC - 1966]
Campaign brochure for Romeo Vera for Texas State Director of the League of United Latin American Citizens, 1966. It includes biographical information, a summary of his qualifications, and his running platform.
[Letter from Douglass Carter to Mrs. Belen Robles - 1965-01-28]
Letter from Douglass Carter, Special Assistant to President Lyndon B. Johnson, to Mrs. Belen Robles, dated January 28, 1965, regarding the proclamation of National LULAC Week.
Monthly Bulletin, El Paso LULAC Council Number 132, Volume 3, Number 31, August 1951
Monthly Bulletin of El Paso LULAC Council No.132 of El Paso, Texas, dated August, 1951. References John Herrera's decision to give the deciding vote to his opponent in the LULAC Presidential election.
[Postcard from Luciano Santoscoy to John J. Herrera - 1952-08-12]
Postcard from Luciano Santoscoy of El Paso, Texas, to John J. Herrera, dated August 12, 1952. After sitting in on a school board meeting in Pecos, Texas, Luciano is encouraging LULAC to take a serious look at the local issues.
[Letter from John J. Herrera to Ivey Gonzalez - 1953-01-08]
Onionskin carbon copy of letter from John J. Herrera, LULAC National President, to Ivey Gonzalez, Superintendent of the Identification Bureau, Police Department, Wichita Falls, Texas dated January 8, 1953. Herrera inquires about setting up a meeting to discuss LULAC and possibly organizing a LULAC council in Wichita, Falls. Herrera mentions the eight new councils set up so far in his presidency of LULAC: El Paso; Port Arthur; Wharton; Seguin; Smeltertown, and Victoria, Texas; and Deming and Los Alamos, New Mexico.
LULAC Week to be observed in El Paso during Feb. 15-21
Newspaper clipping from "The El Paso Times" with article and photograph regarding proclamation of Mayor Fred Hervey that the week of February 15-21 will be "LULAC Week" in El Paso to commemorate the 24th anniversary of LULAC.
[Letter from S. R. Mickelsen to Price Daniel - 1954-09-03]
Letter to Senator Price Daniel from S. R. Mickelsen, the Major General at Fort Bliss, Texas. Mickelsen notifies Senator Daniel that Private Abel Cisneros was unable to present acceptable evidence required for a hardship discharge. The letter is signed by General Mickelsen.
[Letter from S. R. Mickelsen to Price Daniel - 1954-09-03]
Copy of letter sent to Senator Price Daniel from S. R. Mickelsen, the Major General at Fort Bliss, Texas. Mickelsen notifies Senator Daniel that Private Abel Cisneros was unable to present acceptable evidence required for a hardship discharge.
[Letter from Jake Jacobsen to John J. Herrera - 1954-08-20]
Letter from Jake Jacobsen to John J. Herrera informing Herrera about a telegram received by Senator Price Daniel. The telegram was from the Commanding General at Fort Bliss regarding the hardship discharge application for Private Abel Cisneros.
[Letter from Abel Cisneros to John J. Herrera - 1954-06-13]
Letter from Private Abel Cisneros at Fort Bliss, Texas to John J. Herrera in Houston, Tex. Pvt. Cisneros provides Herrera with an update on his family and financial matters.
[Envelope from Abel Cisneros to Dolores L. Cisneros - 1954-06-12]
Envelope sent by Private Abel Cisneros at Fort Bliss, Texas to his wife Lola Cisneros in Wharton, Texas. The envelope is postmarked in El Paso, Texas on June 12, 1954.
[Letter from Abel Cisneros to Dolores L. Cisneros - 1954-06-10]
A five page handwritten letter from Abel Cisneros to his wife, Lola. Abel provided Lola with an update on his activities in the Army.
[Letter from Rudy Vara to Paul Andow - 1964-03-22]
Letter from Rudy Vara to Paul Andow on March 22, 1964, regarding the completion of Form 990 and Form 1024, required by the Internal Revenue Service for all LULAC councils.
[Letter from Luciano Santoscoy to Mary E. Vega - 1955-04-30]
Letter to Mary E. Vega of Kansas City, Missouri, from Luciano Santoscoy April 30, 1955. Santoscoy thanks Vega for her interest in starting a council in the state of Missouri. Santoscoy informs Vega of the fee each month per member, $.50 a member per month. Santoscoy also lets Vega know that he will be sending more information and a copy of the LULAC News publication.
[Letter from John J. Herrera to Luciano Santoscoy - 1955-05-17]
Onionskin paper carbon copy of letter from John J. Herrera to Luciano Santoscoy, sending greetings and to inform Santoscoy that he was in Bryan, Texas for the inauguration of Bryan Council No. 221's home and ball park. Herrera also talks about his participation in the commemoration of San Jacinto Day (April 21) at the San Jacinto Monument. Herrera gives a bit of history about himself: "I am also a member of the Sons of the Republic of Texas due to my relation to Pedro Herrera, who fought at San Jacinto, Blas Herrera of Bear County in San Antonio, who was a scout for Sam Houston, and Francisco Ruiz, alcalde [mayor] of San Antonio during the Texas Revolution, and one of the two native Texans who signed the Texas Declaration of Independence." Herrera praises Santoscoy in the remaining portion of the letter on a job well done on the LULAC News publication.
[Letter from Luciano Santoscoy to John J. Herrera - 1955-03-17]
Letter from Luciano Santoscoy to John J. Herrera. Santoscoy thanks Herrera for his support on the LULAC Refugio Council. Santoscoy informs Herrera that Tony Campos, of Lubbock, Texas, was interested in the formation of a council and asks Herrera to follow up with Campos to give guidance and more information on the formation of a council. In a handwritten note at the bottom, Santoscoy says, "P.S. Please give me your valued opinion on the LULAC Committee their Duties and Functions booklet that I wrote and National Office distributed to all councils."
[Letter from Luciano Santoscoy to John J. Herrera - 1958-03-19]
Letter from Luciano Santoscoy to John J. Herrera, handwritten on Popular Dry Goods Co. letterhead, dated March 19, 1958. Santoscoy asks Herrera for his opinion about a LULAC candidate.
[Envelope from Popular Dry Goods Co., Inc. to John J. Herrera - 1958-03-19]
Envelope from Popular Dry Goods Co., Inc. to John J. Herrera, postmarked El Paso, Texas, March 19, 1958.
[Envelope from John J. Herrera to Albert Armendariz - 1977-01-31]
Envelope from John J. Herrera, as LULAC National Legal Advisor, addressed to Albert Armendariz and postmarked January 31, 1977. The envelope shows that the letter was returned as "Not Deliverable" on February 3, 1977.
[Letter from Manuel Gonzales to William D. Bonilla with mailgram from William D. Bonilla to Manuel Gonzales - 1977]
Copy of letter from Manuel Gonzales, League of United Latin American Citizens National President, to William D. Bonilla, LULAC National Foundation Treasurer, dated June 9, 1977. The letter refers to a $10,000 grant from El Paso Natural Gas Company and requests half of the money be sent to LULAC Nation Office to pay the Internal Revenue Service. The mailgram from William D. Bonilla to Manuel Gonzales is dated May 7, 1977. The telegram states "Received letter of May 5 cannot act upon request alone...."
[Letter from Eduardo Morga to Ralph Murillo c/o Bobby Perez - 1977-09-02]
Letter from Eduardo Morga directed to Ralph Murillo care of Bobby Perez, dated September 2, 1977. The letter indicates that the recipient has been selected as a member of the panel to hear the charges against Joe Velez and gives details of the charges and date, time, and location of the hearings.
[Letter from Eduardo Morga to Ramiro Robles - 1977-09-02]
Letter from Eduardo Morga directed to Ramiro Robles, dated September 2, 1977. The letter indicates that the recipient has been selected as a member of the panel to hear the charges against Joe Velez and gives details of the charges and date, time, and location of the hearings.
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