The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 14, July 1910 - April, 1911 Page: 96
348 p. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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96 Texas Historical Association Quarterly.
bonds of the United States held by the state, etc.'1 Nothing came
of this, and by an act of November 13, 1866, the governor was
authorized to have assessed and collected upon all real property a
tax of 28 cents on each $100 of value of such property rendered
for the year 1861, and any deficiency was to be made up from the
state revenue account.2 Nothing came of this measure either, how-
ever, and all that was collected of the tax was that effected by the
United States internal revenue agents in 1865 and 1866. Up to
the time of the suspension of collection by the act of Congress of
July 28, 1866, there was credited to Texas $180,841.51, leaving the
amount uncollected $174,265.16.
More burdensome than the direct tax was the federal tax upon
cotton which was levied from 1864 to 1867. It was 2 and 3 cents
a pound and its collection was rigidly enforced. The total paid
by Texas was $5,502,401.4
Besides the general property tax, the state levied income, busi-
ness and poll taxes. The income tax levied during the war was
not an income tax in the strict sense of the term but was really an
occupation tax. Governor Throckmorton recommended certain
changes in it, the chief ones being that the rates should be grad-
uated and that there should be an exemption.5 His suggestions
were carried out in the act of November 6, 1866." This act pro-
vided that there should "be levied on and collected from every
person, firm, corporation, or association, doing business within this
state, at any time during the year 1866, and in every year there-
after, an annual income tax, as follows: on the first $1000 of net
taxable income, a tax of 1 per cent; on the second, a tax of 1
per cent; on the third, fourth and fifth, a tax of 2 per cent; and
on all taxable income above $5000, a tax of 3 per cent."
'Gammel, Laws of Texas, V, 891.
2Gammel, Laws of Texas, V, 1175.
SHouse Executive Document, No. 159. Forty-ninth Congress, Second
Session; Dunbar, "The Direct Tax of 1861," in Quarterly Journal of Eco-
nomics, III, 450, 453; the Southern Intelligencer, May 10 and June 7,
1866. By the act of Congress of March 2, 1891, refunding the direct tax,
Texas received $180,886.72. This amount was held in trust for, and dis-
tributed to, those who paid or their heirs, until March 2, 1897, when the
balance of $66,197.89 reverted to the general treasury of the state.
451 Cong., 1 Sess., House Report, No. 683.
'House Journal, 11th Legislature, Regular Session, p. 79.
'Gammel, Laws of Texas, V, 1009.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 14, July 1910 - April, 1911, periodical, 1911; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101054/m1/110/: accessed April 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.