The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 41, July 1937 - April, 1938 Page: 133
383 p. : maps ; 23 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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The Journey of Pedro De Rivera, 1724-178
The enemy Indians of the province were the Apaches, Pharaones,
Natajees, Gilas, Mescaleros, Coninas, Quartelexos, Palomas, Jicaril-
las, Yutas, Moquifios, and others. They engaged in war and sought
peace as their inclinations suggested. Every year the wandering
Comanches, never fewer than 1,500 and from nowhere in particular,
invaded New Mexico to fight any or all other nations. The in-
vaders brought field tents, made of buffalo hides, and some large
dogs, bred for war purposes. The men's clothing was waist high,
the women's of knee length. After securing the desired number
of animal hides and captive children, and killing the adult pris-
oners, the Comanches usually retired from the province until
"another time."
Lieutenant Colonel Barreyro shared his chief's favorable views
concerning New Mexico, and described it similarly.10 The engineer
too named Las Boquillas, south of El Paso, as a boundary point
common to Nueva Vizcaya and New Mexico. In his opinion, the
Indians of New Mexico excelled all others of New Spain in ap-
pearance and achievement. The lands were more nearly level,
fertile, and pleasant than any others that he had seen during this
tour, and more nearly like those of Europe. In Santa F6 and in
the northern pueblos of Taos, Picuries, and Pecos, the climate
was very cold in winter, and the brief summers were far from
hot. The pueblos of Santo Domingo and Galisteo marked the
region of former mining, abandoned because of the poor quality
of the minerals. His list of Christian Indian nations in New
Mexico was the same as Rivera's with the omission of the Xeres
and the addition of the Apaches and Navajos. Rivera named the
Apaches among the enemy nations.
When Rivera left El Paso the second time he went southwest to
visit one presidio in northwestern Nueva Vizcaya, one in Sonora,
and one in Sinaloa. From there he returned to Nueva Vizcaya and
crossed it to Saltillo, which was then the eastern limit of Nueva
Vizcaya but is now in Coahuila. His two visits to Nueva Vizcaya
were a year apart. He left the province in the summer of 1727.
From mid-July to mid-August, 1727, Rivera traveled north and
loFrancisco Albarez Barreyro, Descripzion de las Provincias Internas de
esta Nueva Espaia, Mexico, February 10, 1730 (San Phelipe y Santiago
de Sinaloa, January 12, 1727), Archivo General de Indias, Audiencia de
Mexico, 61-2-12, University of Texas transcript (Dunn, 1723-1729).133
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 41, July 1937 - April, 1938, periodical, 1938; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101103/m1/149/: accessed April 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.