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SOIL SURVEY OF KAUFMAN COUNTY, TEXAS 31
productive land, which is subject to severe soil washing when cropped
without protection. It is suitable for the production of crops but
is unsuited to cropping systems consisting of nearly continuous
intertilled crops, which afford little protection from soil washing.
About two-thirds of the soil is in cultivation, and, before the contraction
in the production of cotton, about three-fourths of the tilled
land was devoted to this crop. Oats, corn, and sorghums occupy
about equal proportions of the cultivated land not used for cotton.
The acre yields over a period of years probably are about 150 pounds
of cotton lint, 25 or 30 bushels of oats, 10 or 15 bushels of corn, 15 or
20 bushels of grain sorghums, and 1 to 21/2 tons of sorgo forage.
SLOPING SANDY SOILS
The subgroup of sloping sandy soils includes Crockett very fine
sandy loam, rolling phase, Crockett clay loam, eroded phase, and
Crockett fine sandy loam, steep phase. These are shallow eroded
soils of such low productivity that, for the most part, they are best
suited to pasture. The first two are moderately sloping soils, which
originally were productive but now are severely eroded and infertile.
Crockett fine sandy loam, steep phase, however, never was very fertile.
All these soils are capable of growing good grass when properly
managed. They are soils generally unsuitable for field crops
but productive for pasture.
Crockett very fine sandy loam, rolling phase.-This soil differs
from typical Crockett very fine sandy loam in that it is moderately
sloping, shallower, and generally moderately to severely eroded. The
subsoil is slightly less dense than that of the typical soil. The surface
soil is brown or grayish-brown acid friable though crusty very
fine sandy loam, ranging from 4 to 10 inches in thickness. It grades
through a 2
or 3-inch transitional layer of dark-brown acid friable
coarsely granular clay into a compact subsoil of noncalcareous dense
and heavy clay. The upper 6
to 15-inch layer of the subsoil is
reddish brown mottled with red, but the reddish-brown coloration
gradually decreases with depth, and, below a depth ranging from 20
to 30 inches, the color is olive yellow or mottled yellow and gray. At
a depth of about 4 feet the material in the lower part of the subsoil
gives way to the parent material of yellow and gray slightly calcareous
compact slightly sandy clay.
Owing in part to differences in degree of erosion since the land
was first plowed, the thickness of the sandy surface soil is extremely
variable. A representative area of Crockett very fine sandy loam,
rolling phase, which is still in native grass, occurs 3.6 miles east of
the depot in Terrell on the south side of the Texas