San Marcos Free Press. (San Marcos, Tex.), Vol. 17TH YEAR, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 17, 1890 Page: 1 of 4
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Free Press
an i
PEOPRIETOE.
"Prove All Things I Hold Fast that which Is Good."
NUMBER yg
SAN MARCOS HAYS COUNTY TEXAS THURSDAY APRIL 17 1890.
l7rH YEAR
M AT
m m mm
viarcos
ygBB PRESS.
" -i.i Maw ilnllellnar. Mass
1H0. T " " " from
.ale Biro..
S5fg0 wBKKLt AND KNTBB1SD AT TUB
fC11 . RAM MARCOS. TEXAS ABBEO-
(!W Oli"
... ulfTKl.
-TTfifoV SUBSCRIPTION.
wyear iadro...::::;r:l BO
siI months. t 4Q
.hove .rote. Include the prepayment
j potae by us. Sample copies sent tree.
i 0f our irmuuo " w".- -- - -r
! Jtvt niving n the names of any per-
hT.ithfn their knowledge who woulcj be
to subscribe for the Fbee Press bo
J we may "end BPoimen 00l)ies t0 8Uch
person
-TTnTTHTNa RATES.
Ai"""" " 7 .1
f ..i and Transient Advertisements wil
Legal anu for the
SitaSrtlon aud Fifty Cents per square
M0 . - .. innh. Fractional squares
.ulbe counted as full squares.
fiUDBcu". ... Bxinhcation.
aUyorby leUer as to advertising
ffitfJSriod.. Terms liberal.
"Sess Cards one inch orless one year
4 Cards iu Business Direotory one year
- !.... -nCnaatvilltiAcharced
S five Icemsper line for each additional
mertion. '
"general direotory.
"OFFICIA.!' WtRKCIOUY.
.....ma-iiTii dihtuiot:
... I W. Moore of Fayette County
loo. u."- BgAt0lljBtB distbiot:
Ion.W.H. Bargea ot Guadalupe uo.
BrBSIITATJV.
. uahna. of Uava Co.
JT BllUon. of Caldwell Co.
.B'u";..ii.. Pr..ldlniJadKe. LaGrange
fg Bethany. Attorney Austin Co.
nana or H0LD1MO 0OOT.
gltlst Mondays In idarcb and September. May
nBtiiiue three weeks.
oovt orrtcBHB.
Id I Kone Judge Oonnty Court.
J.I.Q. Storey. County Clerk.
.' i p.. i ni.triot Clerk.
B.McBride. County Attorney.
J.I. Davis suerin.
f. H. Johnson County Treasurer.
. s ifAriiun. AssesBor.
Otto Groos Surveyor. .i.inK.l.
T. K. Fourquren OommlBiloner Preolner bo.i.
1. T Goforlh " a"
J. W. Thorn .. 4
B..WIIhlle. ..." . 1.
I. J. Smith Juetloe or tne rose. rrj.v. v -.W.
Bennor " ' .. .. V
1. 0. Rowe .
f.B.M.Klroy " " .. S
ileinneweber ContBble preclnotHp. 1
u. hoiii .
J.Mgirer. .
T.f. Obr. "
Ti.r n.ani.nilia OOD1ITT AMD PB01KOI COOBTll
Cnty Court for Crlmlol.01vll and ProbBte b-
tin 4th Uonatys in j.no.rjr
rJmmi.Innr'Conrt id Uondsyi In r ebruBry
by Ausuat and November. in
juitloe Court Preolnot No. 1 Lait Monday In
etch month at San Harcoa. luutmiv
Precinct No.-ad Friday in eaon mou.u
33(1 " fT IU1U1I - -
" 4 4th Saturday Dripping SpTlngi.
fllTV b.aflCBBB.
iTor-Hammett Hardy. .
Oounoil W. u.nooa.n. . ""'-'"-p- V n
ion L. H. Browne Kd. J. L. Green P. O-
linlth Dan Bofheina and Wm Qleaen
liuuor and Collector D. P. Hepklna.
Varsbal J. M Turner.
I.et Commlaaloner ? J. CbaeUin.
Council meeta tne nrai " " u
it Bohonl Trnsteea meet Brat Tueaday In each
month at the Uaxor'a olfloe. .
CIIIIKCIIKS.
..n.n.n.. t .11.. tha Uethodiat Church
rj Sabbath t 11 . m. and 7-30 p. m Kev. J
Bcott Pastor. Bonaay ouw. -- --
. l a Tnuihera moot
jlQf 3-30 p. m. Prof. J. K. Prltchett leader. Youog
". ""eeling i ". .."1 t th. ldie.
ZTtrz: woV.n:.A.dV.y;
tp.m. Woman'a Miaaionary esooie.y u ..
FrMyin the month p. m. Diugiug
I t-w p.m.
BAPTIST-Servlcea In the Bapllat Chnrcb every
iood.y. Sunday School at 9:M a m "eacng
11 1. i. and 8 p m. Prayer n.eeting every Thura-
dif avening at 8 o'olock. Seata are free every-
MJ U 1 nvlteo to aueun an u. ... j.w..
H . II. IV ELI. a. p..
..ii..n..i iv a. 9nd and 4th Snndaya
(ich month. Bev. 8. J. weaiurr.j
rnbaoi ihiah. a v
Moot avery uaooinn i ..ox - .
li .vary Thuraday at f:30 p. ni. All are Invited
u ittetia.
nnniaTi t M regular paator at preaent
lunday School at a. m. A cordial Invitation ex-
UDded to all.
Putor. Servlcea the nd and 4th Sondaya la each
onto. Sunday nohooi every .
CATBOLlU aervlcea 4th Sundajr In eachmunlh.
lav. father Smith Paetor.
ARRIVAL AND DBPABTDBE OF TO AND
PROM SAN MAROOS POST OFFICE.
alia from Anatln arrive at :05 a. m. and 8:00
. aloae at ii:35 a. m. and 7:30 p. an.
N.il. from San Antonio arrive at 7:40- a. m. and
to.; elo.e at 7:10 a. m. and 5:05 p. m.
Milli from Lockh.rt arrive at 7:5 a. m. ; and 5.15
J- . cloae at 8:10 a. m. and 7:45 p. m.
Ulin arrive at 1 M. oloata at 1S:30. r. M.
ibofamaiU arrive and depart daily.
Unc via Wimberley Arrive. Monday
"lay and Friday at T t. UeparU Tueaday
Taartday and Saturday at S A. M.
nice Hdcaa.
8aral Delivery from 8 A. it. to U V . "
1 1' E. to 5 P. M. except dnriug dletrtoolloo !
I"M aid ea Snndaya and holidaye. Open
Uy. thirty tninutea after dlatrlballoe el each
-u-.rl.p.....H MMmtm .
0. A. GLOVER W.D.WOOD
PBERIDEST. WE PEtST.
TOM H. GLOVER
OASHIEB
Clover National Bank
OF NA.l nBtHt.
Capital raid Up $.10000
Authorized Capital $150000.
- arcaau riraia tea iitnw
DIIBCTOBB.
. D. WOOD. W. O. BTTTCH taOW.
' V. BCTCHIXI OEO. T. BfOOEHIE.
A. OUTEE a. W. DOSALaOW.
ilT2My J
I. L. GUEEN. HA1XMETT HARDY.
PBER. vice ruT.
E- L. THOMAS Cakiii.
First National Bank
OP J4 niKlOR
yl Stock Pid Up $ 80000.
Cipital - - 250000.
'Jr" Euklac lailBaea. CierUaM
vefcaatav ParwMrai. IMaAai
" eeiw4.
ftTtCCTOU.
'.T.T.T-r Ju . VmM.
ww. i
DR.tN. M. NYE
DENT I S T
fllorerillulldliis; on the Square
Special attention given to Diseases of the
Mouth and Facial Neuralgia.
mr8Iy
Isaac H. Julian
NOTARY PUBLIC
SAX MARCOS TEXAS.
Utters of Inquiry coneernlnp; any matter ot buat.
nets or local tntereat accompanied by a a tamp for
ply. will receive prompt attention.
fjrOffloe Faaa Paaaa Building.
BUSINESS Dl RECTORY.
BANKERS.
GLOVER NATIONAL BANK OF 8AN
Marcos North side Plaza.
T7URST NATIONAL BANK of Ban Mar
JJ oos Southeast Corner flaza.
JEWELRY AND MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS.
G
EO. W. KNIGHT near South-west
corner rlu.ft.
DENTISTS.
D
R. J. H. COMBS Judge Wood's Now
Building upstairs.
DRUGGISTS.
AYNOLDS & DANIEL North side
Plaza.
DRY GOODJ & GROCERIES.
PT. TALBOT Next door to First
. National Bank.
JOHNSON & JOHNSON Northwest cor.
plaza.
I)
AILEY & BBO. Southwest Corner
Plaza.
GROCERIES.
R
W.LEA YELL South side Publio Plaza
rnHOMAS TAYLOR East Side Plaza.
H
ARDY & CO. North side Plaza
WA TCIIMA KERS & JE WELERS.
W.
H. ROBBINS North side Plaza.
GROCERIES i& HARDWARE.
M. GIESEN Boutn side plaza.
MILLINERY.
M
RS. RIOHARtlSON nearly opposite
Nance's Furniture otore.
SADDLES AND HARNESS.
J.
R. PORTER North Side the Square.
DRS. J. H. AND J.W. COMBS
OFFICE: North Side Public Square
Mas Marcos. - Teni
Fred C. Brown
FIRST-CLASS LIVERY
TRANSFER LINE. "
Undsrtaksr ad Mil
Orders entrusted to tne will receive prompt
attention.
novlj
C. C. MEAD
ieeor Iw SI. CkriMan C.
Sash Doors Blinds
LUMBER
and Shingles.
SAN MARCOS - - - TEXAS.
C. J. SHUMAKE i CO.
let in Mir- ta R. a aUra.-
lata Crraaa Aaa.
AUSTIN TEXAS.
an werti
m p.-.r'y ir tw x
Ml. rrtoKM
TYPEMETAL
Makes Superior
B-VtEITTlNO.
mm
S4wu2ilrT
Absolutely Pure.
model ef purity .
Thla nowder never varleB. A
atrenglb and wboleaomanena. II ore economic
than the ordinary kluda and can not br aold in com
pelillon nltb the multitude ol low le.t hort wolgh
alum or pboaphate powdere. Sold only In can
hovai. Babiho Pownn. L'n.. 106 Well St. N. Y.
Pur Sale In Ban Uarcoa. by H HARDY CO.
CORONAL INSTITUTE
San Marcos. Texas.
A BOARDING SCHOOL
FOR BOYS AND GIRLS.
FACDLTY OF COMPETENT AND EX-
PERIENCED TEACHERS.
Full Literary
Scientific and
Business Courses.
Special Facilities in Jfusic Art
Spanish and 'Hook-keep in o
Duilng the present summer the building have
Wn thoroughly rrn.lred end a bndot..o I bird
atory with nian.ard roof added. .Hording omple
dormlloriea lor young ladloa.
BOA ID. Including fuel ngnta anu wiaiimg
ilS 60 per month other rate are moderate.
Annual aca.ion beuina the first Monday in Sep-
lember. For catalogue and further particular ad-
dree.
A. A.
THOMAS President.
augOly
K. SCHULZE
Carriage Painter and Trimmer
Carriages Hacks and Busies Kspaiiitcil anil Me
As u'iwil as Ncr.
I keep all the beet materiel on band In
Varnishes. Paints
' AND
Trimming Goods.
I do you all I promise and give you all aatlsfactlon
crCoimtry Orders Promptly Filled.
dec 10-89-tf.
DRS. STARKEY & PALEiVS
Treatment ty. Inhalation.
TRACK MARK j REOISTERCD
1529 Arch Street Ptillad'a
For Coneumptlon. Aetbma Bronohltla. Dyspepnie
Catarrh Hay Fever Headache Debility. Illi'ium-
Atism Meutalgia and all chronic and nervous dis-
order!. '
The original and only genuine Compound Oxygen
Treatment" Drs. Starkey t I'alen have been uilng
for the la.t twenty years ta a soieuiilic adjustment
ol the elementa ol t-'xTgen ana mirogen inaEiieii.cn
andtnecompounaiBcnnaeD.ea.imiii.ua vu.uis i
that it la sent all over the world
Dra. Starkey & Palen have the liberty to refer to
the following named well known pereuus wno nave
d Sell fir. Member .r congre... Ph...
mtV VICTOR L. CONRAU.Kd Luth'n Ob.'ver Phil..
REV. OH AS. W. CIMHI8G. D. D. Koeheater. N. Y
HO!. WM. P. NIXON Kd Inter-Ocean Chicago III.
W H. WOHTHINGTOS Kd NeWfioulh. Kcw York.
JUIXiK U P. VRHOMAN. Qnenemo. Kan.
MRS. MARY A. UVKKMOOKB Uelro.e tlaas.
B. C. KHIGHT. Philadelphia.
FRANK SIDDALL Merchant Philadelphia.
HOH. W. W. 8CHUYLKR Kaston Pa.
K. L. W1I.R05. Ho3 Br'dway . Y Hd PhPa. Photo.
F. M l.YON W.imea Hawaii Sandwich la.
ALEXANDER RITCHIE luverr.ena Scotland.
MK8. at. V. ORTFO A. Fre.nillo Z.catec:ia Mexico.
MR" B.COOPKB Uillla SpanWh llondnraa C. A
1 COBB Kx-Vlce Conaul C..lilnc Jiorrooco.
M. V. ASUHKOOK Red Bluff. Cal.
J MOORK 8up't Police Bl.ndlord Doraetablra Kng
JACOB WARIJ Uowral Kw South Wales.
inH ihnn..irt. of of other. Id every part of the
United Sl.lea. JD
"Componud Oivgen Its Mode of Action and Re-
.olta" la the title el a new brochure of i two hnn .1-
red p.ge.. puhli.hrd by Dr.. Surkcy P.leo.which
glre. to all lnqnlr-e lull inrormatinn aa to this re-
markabteraraiive agent and a record of m vera!
hundred remarkable cores In a wide range of chron
IceaaeV-maiT of them after being abandoned to
die by other phy.lcian.. Will b mailed free to
anv addrw. en .ppllc.'ioB. Read the bnxDure.
DRS. STARKEY & PALfcf.
Ne. Ui9 Arch Street Pbil.deiphla. Pa.
Mention thia rapei whea )o order Com. Oijs'n
COKSUMPTIONICCUCHORCOLD
BRONCHITIS! Threat Affactla
SCROFULA
Waging cfTiedx .
hid k ml
Fa.
If oa Havs
M Jnfimm Vc tf Mtrtrngth wr Aerea
reavr yaw aern reiiewe. CWeat
SCOTT'S
EiViULlOW
PURE COD LIVER OIL
WIU HypoP"Osphlies.
PALATABLE AS MILK.
A f Tm gaaw'a""-
fiwUM wr aAeMetwa eywa ta
awseaweVHfW.
BCOTT dOWt.Cr"l. M.T.
Heaven Ilelow.
I call it a sin to be longing for hfaven
Wbeu God baa created a benutiful eartb
To live In aud work in and love iu and
hope in
And share In our fellow man's sorrow and
mirth. m
There is plenty to do for the man who will
do it.
And if you are idle some day you will rue it
To be sure there are thistles au) sure there
Is sluning.
And tears aud disaster and trouble and
death;
But do your own Dart and forever remem-
ber To thank the good Lord for your hands
and your breath.
Keep movlug aud lot the world know yon
are living
And iuBteaJ of repining try loving aud
giving.
Be hopeful and earnost aud cheerful aud
willing.
The best is ahead and the worst may be
post;
Oh never turn back nor look over your
shoulder
To glance at the shadow by dead sorrows
Wbatovor is done let it be done and ended
Gray ilust and bright rosos can never be
UI"UUvUt
'Tie a work a dny world and a hard world
it may be
But do what you can to make one corner
bright;
And spur on your neighbor to his best en-
deavor. And soon all around you will shiue a new
light.
There is nothing like living my Impatient
brothe-rj
We have honvcn down bore if we help one
another
Euinia Lyndon in Boston Transoript.
A TALE OF OLD JAPAN.
In the first half of the Seventeenth cen-
tury Kotsuke-no-Suke wns the lord of
Soma n rich agricultural district con-
taining 130 villages. Kotsuke-no-Suke
was a hard grasping landlord who op-
pressed his peasants by heavy taxes until
they were reduced to the lust extremity
. - . ..fii
; OI povunv. i raimw . . '"v
j farmers petitioned their lord through
.-.. tn lva their himlnns
lightened but without avail. Being a
member of the shogun's cabinet Kot-
suke-no-Suke spent the greater part of
j the year in Yeddo where ho maintained
' a private palaeo and a host of retainers.
I TWiu ovtrarnmu cnvoriHa toiniicli com
ment iu tho capital but few of the
haughty nobles who frequented his en-
tertainments knew by what means tho
lord of Soma procured tho vast sums of
money necessary to support such lavish
magnificence.
In tho fail of the year 1643 the farmers
dwelling on the estate of Kotsuke-no-Suke
assembled togothor to deviso meas-
ures for their relief. That year the taxes
had been heavier than ever before and
scores of families were threatened with
starvation during tho winter. The stout-
est hearted among them were filled with
despair at the apparent hopelessness of
their situation. Sogoro the mayor of
one of the villages and himself a farmer
had been throughout all their vicissitudes
the stanch friend of the down trodden
peasants. He now advised them to draw
up a petition to the shogun's cabinet and
then to select a committee to go up to
Yeddo and present it to that body.
When the evil doings of their lord were
known to bis fellow councilors their up-
braidings and his own wounded pride
might shame liim into mercy. Sogoro's
plan was adopted and he was one of the
number chosen to go to Yeddo to present
the memorial to the oabinet." Knowing
tho dangers that attended his mission
Sogoro on tho eve of his departure
called his family together and said:
. "I am going to Yeddo and it may bo
that I shall never return for it U hard
to say how I shall bo treated by those in
j p0wer j arn
I am willing however to give
my life for the good of our suffering fel-
low tenants. Let us therefore drink a
cup OI wine Kigeiuur iw it may ua uim
1 7 e face ? raore- If "j6'
cup of wine together for it may be that
mourn not over my fate weep not for
me."
Sogoro and his companions went to
Yeddo and there they soon learned of
tho riotous li ving of their spend thrift lord
and they wept when they reflected that
nil ln'a wanton luxury was bought with
the life blood of their famWiing friends j
' at Soma. In a few days they had an !
opportunity of presenting their petition
j to Lord Kuze a member of the cabinet
and they all felt elated that the great
' nobleman had condescended to listen to
.n.If.vnnoca nnrl tn npnptifc tlinir nto-
I "-'"- r
j moriuL
. action of Kotsuke-UO-Suke's ten-
juv. oi.iii;i
. arits created no little fstir la YedilO and
y 0li.rvatiollS UIHJU that nobleman
" . ; .... i .i .
and his style of living were made that
Bcarce'.y be called complimentary.
j Uut it does not do for poplo living in
: glaat lioust-s to throw stones. All the
members of tho shogun's cabinet had at
' one time or another been guilty of op-
: pressing lii-ir own peasants and it would
Ije extremely awkward for them now to
sit in judgment ujHjn Kotsuke-no-Suke.
So it was decided n n turn the petition
jto tho coinphiiuanU. Accordingly So-
pro received a summons to apx?ar at
ii. ri.l..iri .f IirJ Kuzo. Tliere he
waa met by two councilors who handed
him tho HI starred memorial saying:
"A short time ago you had the audac-
ity to thrust this titii.n into tl hand
of Lord Kuze. By hi extraordinary
clemency lie forgive your offense but
beware that you do not again preaume
upon hi lordship's forbearance for ill
will it fare with you."
"Ilia lord.liip'a ct-usure is just" hum-
bly responded Sogoro. "But oh niy
lords! thU action of oura is n haMy
or ill ennaioered. Year after year have
ere ruff re 1 untold har lshipa. until now
era and our frxT.da are witlKKit even
tSe Dfcririn of Ufe. TltTrfora have
we prwnted thia petiu-. I Iy you
Wda corkiT our cae Toocbafe to
be-lp at that era may live. Our gratitu Je
vnnr nwiitoat la a lust one." replied
the councilors wheu they had heard the
words of Sogoro "but your momonai
cannot be received."
nMmnrtaned bevond measure Sogoro
sought out his companions and acquaint
ed them with too result or wieir euurua.
It was a gloomy evening which' the
Soma men spent together discussing
with tearful voices tho desperate extrem-
ity to which tho failure of their plans
had reduced themselves and their friends.
At last Sogoro sold:'
"There is still oue thing left for us to
do; we can appeal to our lord'i master
tho shogun. I know it is a capital of-
fense for a commoner to approach hie
majesty yet for the sake of my suffer-
ing brethren I shall sacrifice myself
that their wrongs may be niado known
and happily righted. On tho morrow
therefore do you all except six men
return to Soma and toll our poor friends
to have stout hearts for there is yet hope
for them."
Sogoro had from tho first been recog-
nized aa the leading spirit of tho enter-
prise and liis companions now made
hasto to follow out his suggestions. The
Intrepid funucr and his six associates
drew up a now memorial sotting forth
their griovanco in fk plain straightfor-
ward innnner and earnestly appealing
for rcdross.
Shortly after whilo tho shogun Iye-
mitsu was on his way to Uyeno to wor-
ship at the tombs of his ancestors So-
goro contrivod to break through the
troop of armed retainers that were
escorting hia majesty and thrust the
petition into tho hands of tho shogun.
Tho daring farmer was seized and hur-
ried off to prison. Iyemitsu was a just
ruler and gave tho peasants' memorial
his careful attention. Tho result of it
art was that Kotsuke-no-Suke was or
dered to reduco his tenants' taxes to a
proper amount and to return to them
the money ho had wrongfully deprived
them of.
The lord of Soma was a very angry
man but though he might rage and vow
vengeance upon tho heads of his tenants
ho iiad to obey the orders of his chief.
And thus relief came at last to tho long
suffering peasants.
But alas for poor Sogoro the Irrevo
cable law of tho nation pronoancod his
offense deserving of death and he was
turned over to his legal lord for execu
tion. In feudal Japan tho nobility held
tho power of life and death over their
peasant vnssuls and now tho cruel Kotsuke-no-Suke
thirsting for vengeance
determined to destroy the whole family
of Sogoro. In vain his tenants his samu
rai his councilors and oven the'princcs
of the surrounding country ' besought
the lord of Soma to bo merciful; the
bloody tyrant was inexorable. Sogoro
and liis wife were condemned to be cruci
fied and their three sons nged 7 10 and
13 respectively were ordered to bo be-
headed in tho presence of their parents.
On tho day of the execution all tho in-
habitants of tho 180 villuges of Soma
assembled to bid Sogoro and his wife
farewell and to encourage them with
tiieir presence and prayers. There was
not ono there even to the executioners
themselves that did not call down the
blessing of heaven upou tho martyrs
while curses deep and bitter were
hurled against tho hated Kotsuke-no-Suke.
After the parents were made fast
to tho urosses the three boys were led
forth and beheadod in their sight. Friends
received the bodies and bore them away
to preparo thorn for burial. O Man So-
goro's wife turning to her husband said
iu a cheerful voice:
"Remember my husband that from
tho first you had matlo up your mind to
this fate. What though our bodies bo
disgracefully exposed on these crosses
we have the promises of the gods before
us; therefore mourn not. Let us fix our
minds upon death; wo aro drawing near
to paradise aud shall soon be with the
saints. Let us cheerfully lay down our
lives for the good of our people"
"Well said wife" responded Sogoro
gayly. "I am happy because I have at-
tained my heart's desire. Our petition
was successful; had I 600 lives and
could I 500 times assume this shaie of
mine I would die COO times to redress
tho wrongs of our people."
Then the executioner taking his spear
thrust it into tho sido of O Man and into
the sido of her husband and both died
there in tho sight of tho sorrowing peas-
ants. And Kotsuko-no-Suke's chief coun-
cilor when all was over came and knelt
down before tho dead body of tho farmer
and said:
"Although you were but a peasant you
aved your brethren. You bruised your
bones and crushed your heart for their
mikes. IIoiioio shall yet be paid to your
spirit and you shall bo canonized as a
saint; you shall become a tutelar deity
among the people of Soma."
And so it came to pass. The farmers
of Soma made tho grave of Sogoro a place
of prayer and gradually came to look
ujon him as divine. Finally a temple
arose in his honor and he was at length
duly canonized as a Buddhist saint. W.
C. Kitchin in Now York Ledger.
A Pea of Whlta Ant.
Mr. E. IL Strykle of Australia while
at the Ix land hotel said the people of
that continent ore in need of metal fur-
niture. He has been to England to se-
cure school doaksand seats of light metal
which will be durable and cheap but
neither in England nor in America haa he
been able to get what he wanta. I le aaya
the r-ht of (.'ueenaland is the white ant
againrt the ravagea of which aheet Iron
roofing and tin covered chairs are the
only protection thus far devised. Tle
aula eat wood of every dnacjiirtioa bor-
ing the doors and house rafters until
the-y arc honey oocnld tablf. blUd
and buivana Buffering eimilarly. Mr.
St-o kie thinka a metal furniture factory j
which could supply tlee thing at a 1
price pennittin tltn to lie ahifpd j
kiiiC uiincea woul 1 hare a Urge trade j
on Uie Australian continent. Chicago
Neva.
HOW TO USE THE ROAD SCRAPER.
oetve ITaeful Hlnta em tfee B (wiring of
In a little book on "Improvement of
rjichways" prepared under the auspices
of the League of American Wheelmen
an anonymous writer who is Touched
for as authority writes as follows on the
subject of road making as applied to the
care and improvement of the tracks
"To provide a smooth highway" be
... t s 1
says "is now a yery simpio anu inexpen-
sive work as labor saving machinery
has recently been introduced which un-
der ordinary conditions is very effective.
The 'road scraper' or hone mounted
In a frame on wheels and geared
so that it can be set to any plane
aud anglo will smooth off and
round up a dirt road quickly and
cheaply compared with former methods.
Tho general practice of the road master
has boon to defer the annual repairs till
such a time as the farmer lias most leis-
ure or inclination to work out the road
tax; this would usually be late in tho
summer or even in the fall when the
road crust is at its hardest stage and
after being broken up and spread anew
is too dry to harden again readily. Now
that tho 'road hone' may be used work
that took a week in tho fall may easily
bo dono in a day in the spring. Thus
the road will be in the right form for
summer travel at the opening of the sea-
son instead of at its close. This would
also be making tho repairs at the earliest
opportunity after the chiof damage is
done. The worst ruts and ridges
are formed early in tho spring
when the frost is tluiwing out
and tho ground being looso and porous
absorbs all tho rainfall till the road bed
becomes spongy and miry. When the
ground litis dried sutlloiently to be neither
muddy ner crusty tho rough ridges are
in their most friable condition. They
can then bo planed down with the road
bono with much greater ease und tb.0
material carried Into the ruts and holes
will pack and harden much better than
at any other time whether the road be
chiefly clay loam sand gravel or small
stones. Tins medium stage of dryness
gives tho best conditions for easy and
effective work. If tho work be neglected
for only a few- weeks the crust may
becoino so hard under the constant pres-
sure of trafllo and the baking Bunshine
that tho hone cuii make no impression
on it. If the work bo deferred till
midsummer or later the 'crown' will
probably bo worn oil' the center of the
road and instead of shedding rain to
each sido it will c.ury it along like a
Water course. Heavy thunderstorms
often causo croat damaxe when a road
thus becomes flat or hollow in the mid
die. To restore tho proper form when
the margins become high and hard is
very laborious work whether done with
pick and shovel or with plow and scoop
Tho material will not pack readily in dry
weather and tho newly repaired road
may for weeks bo in worse condition
than before it was worked. Instead of
extensive repairs of this character only
once a year it would be much better to
give a timely scraping as soon as practi
cable after the chief damage is done in
the spring and also an occasional
honing after heavy rains or whenever
from any cause the surface becomes
rough. Ono machine would be sufficient
for a large district and the times meth-
ods aud terms of the work can be ar
ranged ou a satisfactory and permanent
basis after a few years experience. Un-
der ordinary conditions a fair road con
be maintained throughout the season
with simply this occasional passage of
tho road hone over it. The cost would
be very small compared with present
methods. Of course these machines are
only suitable where the road is built up
with the ordinary soil or subsoil of the
district or with perhaps more or less
gravel or Bmall stones in certain sections.
This however is tho ordinary structure
of all our country roads and hence this
treatment will bo quite generally appli
cable."
In tho same work is printed a treatise
by Mr. Clemens Iierschel which treats
of the kindred subject of road repairs as
follows:
"After a road haa been properly rolled
nnd tho surface made compact and
smooth it should always be maintained
in that condition no matter bow great is
the amount of travel on it. 'A stitch in
time saves nine' here as well as else-
where. The tendency Is to produce ruts;
these gather water; this soaks into the
road bed and spoils the whole. The
problem can be put in this way: To have
a good road it is necessary that there be
no dust or mud on the same and that
there be no ruts; therefore remove the
dust and mud as f.ixt as they are formed
and till up tho ruts as fast as they are
made. The whole matter is here in a
nuultill. it may be thought at the flint
view that this is too expensive a system.
Its principal beauty lies however in
the fart that it coeta lees per
mile of road kept one year than
the pernicious system of annual or
aemi-oniiu&l repairs as can be shown
and proved. The alxive two ruleav
sweep off tho mud and dut as fa4 as
they are formed aud fill up the ruta and
bad places with new materials as fast aa
they appear ore all that is necessary to
bo carried out iu order that tliere be con-
tinually a good road. Without continual
repairs there can be no such thing aa a
constantly good road a propoxkioa tltat
cannot too often be reiK-au-d. Uy rvpoir-
ing a road annually or tioe a year it
matters not wbich the result is. atrictly
speaking a good road at no time during
the whole year. The road is wretched
juat after repairs; it becomes pa enable
after a hue and deteriorates from that
day forward until it is again made
wretched; and ao oa ad inunitum ao-
cordinsT to tne preaent only loo common-
iv followed B rU m. By tbe other BwUf
od ta offered us a road aa atoooth aa a
floor year In aod year out and. let it
not be"frzotten at less expense."
Tbe following from V. T. C Ward-
well of the liWle Ulaod board of ag-ri-cuiturv
stales Qr farmers vaew: "There
can be out one vw taken in rrrd to
the a-iraotar of fnod country mavla.
not only to u.e fanuer lut to the U4
Matei. in tbei increased value of f vxf-rty.
non oi mo taxes oenving no oeneni
from any lire service having no polios
protection still submit to the miserable
country roads without a vigorous pro-
test is beyond my comprehension."
THE MERITS OF STEAM ROLLERS.
The Opinions at "Which a PtaeUeal Oa-
server Haa Arrlvl.
In response to m query regarding the
relative merits of steam and horse rollers
In the building and rebuilding of country
roads Mr. II. M. Coombs of Cranston
R. I. recently sent this letter to Mr. W.
M. P. Boweiu
"Dear Sib In replying to your letter
I must begin by saying that my knowl-
edge 'of roads like my experience is
very limited not having given much
thought to the subject beyond a natural
love of good roads That love was early
strengthened by my having lived for a
number of years in the then town of
Wttltliam Mass. where as you must
know poor roads are tho exception
peclally so Within ten miles of Boston
Coming from there to Rhodo Island you
may be able possibly to estimate my
opinion of tho public roads or highways
of the towns in this stato as they were
twenty-five years ago But you want
my opinion as to the relative merits of
steam and horso rollers for building or
rebuilding country roads. ' Of course It
no other can be had a horso roller is bet-
ter than no roller but there is no more
comparison between them than between
tho old Franklin printing press aud that
from which conies tho daily papers to-
day. "My short experience on Cranston
street during tho past summer taught
mo that in point of economy the steam
roller was at first cost i. e. tho daily
cost of running it mora than 73 er
cent cheaiier than the Morse machine.
If the quality of work is taken into the
account ISO jxir cent would be nearer
the correct estimate. We find after live
months of wear and rather trying
weather for roads those five luontlu
have boon that thoso sections of the
road rolled with steam apparatus aro as
firm and smooth as when first completed
whilo the parts rolled with tho horse roller
aro badly rutted muddy when wet and
exceedingly rough when frozen.
"These ftictsaro patent to anyone who
may have occasion to puss over Cranston
rouil from tho city lino to a point near
the residence of Dr. Simmons on that.
Btreet From tho city lino to tho Arling-
ton Hay and Grain coiupuny ' storo
the work was done by the steam roller.
From tho car barn to tho point above
named tho west side of tho road was
rolled by steam the cast side by horso
roller. Let tho publio judge between
them.
"In closing permit me to suggest that
with the ample supply of gravel possessed
by the town of Cranston at least and a
good steam roller it is curtain that at
good rouds can bo inado as any in the
country und at a comparatively lowco3t
over that of the old faulty and in the
end expensive way.
"I sincerely hope that the town of
Cranston will act us it seems to me it
should in accordance with good judg-
ment as to the merits of the steaui over
the horso method and order a fifteen ton
steam perfectod roller at its financial
meeting in April next."
What a Now York Tnwu I Dolus;.
The town of Sweden Monroe county.
N. Y. owns a stone crusher and hires
mon by tho day to run it. Lost spring
tho town appropriated $3000 to crush
stone and to make a rough guess I think
the $3000 crushed stone enough to make
about live miles of perfect road. They
set the crusher near atone which Is do-
nated; tho town pays for hauling stono
to the crusher and pays for crushing it;
the road dbttricU go and get tho crushed
stone and lay it. Each roud district and
individual is greedy to get the stone and
I think that money thus exjieiuled goes
ten times as fur as any other in making
highways.
In the latit three years tho town of
Sweden has made about twenty miles of
road so good that a team can haul ai
lurge a loud in the open muddy winter
us in summer. The land is clay and "
tho rouds not laid with stone or gravel
are simply fearful. . It would pay a per-
sou to go a long distance to see whut has
been done to the roads in the town of
Sweden. ' When the rouds aro all made
with crushed stouo and the fences re-
moved from the bleak places where the
snow drifts tho millennium will not bri
fur away. Exchange.
Man Mot tha Lord lUapoaalbla fur Mad.
At a prayer meeting held in the Fiwt
Ttfi.thrxliMt church iii Portland. Ore. re
cently a lady expressed her inability to
see why certain tilings were tnus anu so
and was especially severe upon Provl-ili.ni-e
for iuilii'timr so much mud upon
mankind. Said she: "No matter how'
much I may clean my house is contin-
ujillr tracked with mud; my i torches are
kept In a filthy condition and it's noth-
ing but mud uiud mud." When the
B-Makc-r finished the pastor arose and
remarked: "I cannot conclude this
nuwiinir without aavinz that Cod is not
re!-itu4ble for the mud; in fact if there
were no men there woulJ be n mud.
Moreover in l'ortlanl. Ore. bere it
rains about six months in Ilia year there
la no mud. for the aiinpie reason that
they have men there who know euougii
to make rood. txchajige.
To keen well built rosda la rood repair.
tm.lM- InuJhreol MDrrriaioa and ainele
tiLtxa-itr. la not eastlr. A poor road ia
nrwLl v finder all cirCTimeCaooem. Oovr
entor IL W. LavU of Bhode la'aod.
new fe Ci AH fkU Dlaea-e."
hear-ly epflv "Swajse's 0'ctma" Ke
iuUrmaJ aaedxiM rewairail. Cans tetter
raesaa. lick all evnr-Ooo lb faos
bards. tw Aa etrC ta Skis eear.
hit ..i ixaalik lt 1T.K key. -' sad
arative power are y e .a -d bft Wa-e
era--. A-k tor drm4 f-r 9);rH
i 1
1
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Julian, Isaac H. San Marcos Free Press. (San Marcos, Tex.), Vol. 17TH YEAR, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 17, 1890, newspaper, April 17, 1890; San Marcos, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth295809/m1/1/: accessed May 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .