Texas Ranger. (Washington, Tex.), Vol. 5, No. 30, Ed. 1, Thursday, February 16, 1854 Page: 1 of 4
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TOLDME-B.
Southern Horticulture and Po-
mology. Dr. H. Swasay, of Mississippi, proposes to
publish under this head in the Cotton Planter,
a Heries of ai tides, which, as he is a practical
hofticultuiist, will be of value to the most of
-our readers. From the first number we ex-
tract the following on grafting and transplant-
ing :
Grafting. This should be done on all
"stocks" which it is dashed to "woik" at the
round as soon after the first of January as
possible. For stock Grafting in the heads of
old trees, which it is wished to renovate und
impiove, a later peiiod, says about the time
the buds begin to u start," should be chosen.
To perform the operation select that por-
tion of the stock where it is intended to set
the Graft, and make a slanting cut 1 J inches
in length completely across it. If this cut has
been made with a sharp knife and a steady
hand, it will do without further paring if
not, it must be made level and smooth- Now
set your knife edge across the slope a little
above the middle and cut downward so as to
make a thin " tongue" some inch in length.
Make a similar slope and tongue on the lower
endofyourscoin, and then by locking the
tongues on the stock and scoin, and pushing
the latter gently downward, you will have a
union which will require very little tying ex-
cept for the purpose of excluding air and
moisture. This will be very easily and per-
fectly accomplished by wrapping the point of
junction with ships of old domestic 10 inches
long and f inch wide which have been pie-
viously situated in Grafting "Wax, made by
melting rosin, beeswax and tallow in equal
proportions, together. When the Grafts are
set on the,collar of the stocks, the "strings"
do not need this preparation, as the eaith must
or oufht to be drawn up entirely over the
junction of the scion and stock.
When large limbd Or ertta-sized stock' are.
to be worked, cleft Grafting will be more ea-
sily performed. To do this the stock must be
cut or sawed off and split down throir the
middle for a couple of inches with a fh'msnarp
knife or grafting chisel. The scions are then
cut with a wedge one or two inches long at
the lower end one edge of which must be
slightly thicker than the other. If the stock
is one inch larger, say one inch or over in
diameter, two of these scions should be in-
serted with the thick edge outward, pushing
them down until none of the cut surface re-
mains exposed.
Care must be taken in all kinds of grafting
to have the bark on the scion at least on one
side or edge exactly to correspond with the
bark of one side of the stock. In this sort of
Grafting no thjng will be required, but the
end and split portion of the stock must be
completelv protected ft om the weather by a
liberal coating of the Grafting Wax above
mentioned.
Transplanting This, if it has not al-
ready bfcen attended to, -should be immediate-
ly, "it is a mistaken idea that the spring is
the best season to transplant trees. As a gen-
eral thing, a tree that has been set out in
December or Januaiy, will make a third more
growth the first season thereafter, than oue
set out in March, all things else being equal.
All fruit tree roots, I believe, grow continu-
ally; as well in winter as in summer. Some
have even gone so far as to say that the win-
ter is their appropriate season of growth. This
is going rather too far, but that transplanted
trees throw out new. loots in the winter to
nmnare themselves for :m early and vigoious
irrowth in the spurn: and summer, are impor-
tant and well established facts. A tree can-
not he transplanted too soon after the fall of the
leaf.
All the roots of a tree are more or less mu-
tilated in taking it up. The bruised and bro-
ken parts of these must be smoothly pared
with a sharp knife befoie setting out again as
gratulations are formed and roots thrown out
much more readily from v. clear cut than from
a rough and contused hreah The hole should
be dug at least a foot or eighteen inches deep
and large enough to recieve all the roots
in their natural po-ition. Then having filled
the hole with top soil or mould so that the
tree may stand just as deep as it stood before,
sift the fine earth in around the roots so that
no cavities may be left, and when the hole is
full press the dirt gently with the foot. No
watering will be necessary in fall or winter
planting, unless the roots have become unu-
sually dry. In the spring, just as the buds are
starting, the limbs of the tree should be cut
back in proportion to the less of its roots.
Should the summer be dry, a thin mulching
of straw, leaves, &c, over theroots will great-
ly assist-the tree in recovering its accustomed
vior. Water should be occasionally applied
invery dry times. Unless the soil be very
poor, no manure will be required around the
roots' in setting out; in fact, as a general thing
it does more harm than good by inducing a
loose immature growth which the surrounding
soil is not fitted to sustain ad the tree becomes
In. all new and eompacfc soils the holes
jhonld be two or three times as Urge ts nec
iil'liCWi1 lllu !
HIGM
essary to receive the roots, and the earth thus
removed should be replaced with well pulver-
ized surface soil.
MaRins Hot Beds.
The following simple, practical directions
for making a cheap Hot Bed. we find in Hol-
mer's "Southern Fanner," and publish at the
request of a Subset iber." After deseriliug
a ia. v and somewhat expensive f: 'ire tor
maiket uardenei:. the authoi proceeds:
But should you wish a smaller frame, a good
stiong box of the size inquired, having the
top and the bottom knocked out, and the sides
made sloping to the fi out, which should be
cut down to half the bight of the back, so as
to allow the rains to l un off easily from the
sash, which may bo a common window sash
that may exactly fit the top of the box, and
then is well puttied and can keep out the lain
To male the Hot Bed -Dariug placed your
frame where the bed is to stand, fronting it to
the south or south-east, take a poinded stick
and mark the ground all round the inside of
the frame ; then remove the frame and dig
out this space about eighteen inches deep; this
done, replace the fiame which will rest im-
mediately on the edge of the pit. Then pro-
cure some stable manure which ought to be
fresh from the stable, and place it near, (in a
heap,) where you are making the bed, shake
every foik well to pieces, mixing the long
with the short. And now begin to make the
bed, taking the long and shoit together, mix
them well, and in such a way as to suffer no
lumps, putting it in the bottom of the pit; let
the bed rise in all parts together, as nearly as
possible ; that is to say. do not put too much
in one part at one time. Beat the whole
down with the fork as you proceed. When
you have shaken on dung to the thickness of
four or five inches, beat all over again well,
and so on till the manure is about nine inches
from the top of thefront of the box ; now see
that it is quite level and put on the glass.
The heat will begin to rise by the next mor-
ning, and by noon of the second day, it will
be ready to ieceive the earth.
The earth should be. dry: not like dust, but
not too wet, and should be ritch and fresh,
and the bed should be filled up about six
inches deep with it; put on the sash or sashes,
and let them remain on twenty-four houis.
then take them off, and stir the earth well
whith your hand?, for hands are the only tools
hereafter to be used in the hot bed. .
The earth is to be level, not sloping like
the glass. The glass is sloping to meet the
sun and turn of" the wet. The earth which
was taken out the pit, should be hauled up
around the outside of the frame, so that no
water may lie near it; and now your bed is
ready for the seed.
Sowing Seed in the Hot Bed. Take off the
sashes or lights, and make little drills with
your finger, from the back ot the bed to the
front; make them equi-distant, parallel and
stiaight, then drop your seed along the di ill
reguUily; cover all over neatly and smoothly;
wiite the names or numbers and the dates of
the sowings, on a small piece of stiff paper,
put it into the cleft of a little stick, and stick
it into the ground; put on the lijrhts, see that
they fit well, "and then (says Corbett) look
upon your spiing woik as happily begun "
Management of th Hot Bed. The main
piincipl" is to ujve always as much air as the
plants will endure; -taking advantage of every
mild day to lemove the sashes and gire the
plants air, even before the seeds begin to ap-
pear. Give air to the bed every day, unless
it be very cold indeed.
The usual way of giving air, is by bits of
thick board? cut like a wedge, broad at one
end. and coining to a point at the other. Each
liirht is lifted up, either at the bai'k or front
of the frame, as the wind may be and the
urd-T or tilter. as it i called, is put in to
hold the bulit up. But if more air e want
ed, raise the lights higher, and on a fine day
tak-- them off entirely
When the plants are up, they will soon tell
you about air, for if they have not enough,
they will giow up long-leaned, and will have
small seed leaves; and if indeed too much dj-
piived of air, will droop and die. Let them
grow strong rather than tall ; short stems,
broad eed Laves, very green, these are the
signc of good plants and proper management,
"llftneiiib-r (-ava Corbett again) out of thou-
sand failurrs in hot bed culture, nine hundicd
and ninety -nine arises fiom giving too little
air."
Watering the Hot Bed. When it is neces-
sary to water, "take off the sashes one at a
time, and water with a watering pot that does
not pour out heavily ; water just at sunset;
and then shut down the light ; the heat will
then rise and your plants grow prodigiously."
Protecting Hot Beds. Should high winds
and very sharp frost set in, protect your bed
with straw or moss, and if a cold north-west
wind, make a mall screen of corn stalks. Kus-
sian mats or old grass bags, or an old cai pet,
should be kept to cover the sahses with in
case of hail, snow or very cold weather. Should
these not be convenient, use straw, hay or
raosH.
A neighbor of ours informs us wood goes
rcRTiiER when left out doors than when honsed ;
some of his having gone upwards of a quarter
of a mile one night.
rxFesrxsrrr- wwwwMwm imn.u.MiiwVwv!i WJ w m fruiAjnTiCragB" "fTflf.'fl'Kni'.L,1 iHHH
The Star-Spangled Banner, 0! long may it wave,
O'er the land of the free, and the home of the brave.
TEXAS, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1854
-531 5
-Uf) '-Jj 5) 'z?)'
A Leaf From Famsy Fern.
Dear me, I must go shopping. Shopping
is a nuisance; clciks aie impertinent; femin-
ity is victimised. Miserable day, too; mud
plastr jed an inch thick on the side walk.
Well, if we drop our skirts; gentlemen cry
' Uirh,1 il wclil't thorn fiom the mud they lev-
el then C3-e glass at our ankles. The true
definition of a gentleman (not found in incom-
plete Webstei ;is a biped, who, of a muddy
day, is peifectly oblivious of anything but the
shop signs.
Yive la France! Ingenious Parisians, send
us over your clever invention a chain suspen-
ded from the giidle, at the end of which there
is a gold hand to clasp up the supei fluous length
of our pi omenading robes; thus releasing our
humnn digits and leaving them at liberty to
wrestle with rude Boreas for the possession of
the detestable little sham bonnet-, which the
milliner persists in hanging on the backs of
our necks.
Well, here we are at Call & Ketchum's dry
good store. Now comes the tug of war, let
Job's mantle fall on my feminine shoulders.
"Have you blue silk r"
Yardstick, entin-ly ignorant of colois, after
fifteen minutes snail-like seaich, (during which
time I stand patiently-on one 1 mb,)lnnds
me down a silk that is as green as himself.
, Oh! away with these stupid masculine clerks
and give us women, who know by intuition
what we want, to the immense saving of our
lungs and leather, patience and prunella!
Here's Mr. Timothy Tape's establishment.
"Have you lace collors (in points,) Mr.
Taper"
Mr. Tape looks beneficent, and shows me
some rounded collars. Iiepeat my request
in the most pointed manner for pointed collars.
Mr Tape replies, with a -patronizing grin
"Points is going out, Ma'am."
"So am I."
Dear me, how tired my feet are! Never-
theless, I must have some merino. So I ripen-
ed the door of Mr. Hsnry Hambug's dry
good stoi e, which is about half aTSile in length"?
and inquired for the desired article. Young
yardstick directs me to the counter at the ex-
treme end of the store. I commenced my
travels thithei ward tin ough a file nf gaping
clerks, and arrived there just ten minutes be-
fore two, by my repeater, when I am tcld
that they "are quite out of merinos but wont
Lyonese cloth do just as well?" pulling down
a pile of the same. I rush out in a high state
of fienzy, and taking a refuge in the next
door neighbors, 3nqui ing for some stockings,
Whereupon the cleik inquires (of the wrong
customer) "what price L wish to pay:" Of
course I am not so verdant as to be caught in
that trap, and, teetotally disgusted with the
entire insitution of shopping, I drag my weary
limbs into new saloon to i est.
Bless me' what a display of gilding and girls,
and gingerbiead! what a heap of miirois!
There's more than one Fauny Fern in the
world. I found that out since I came in.
"What will your pleased to haver" Ju-l-i-u-s
C-as-s-a-r! look at rhas white-aproned
waiter pulling out his snuff-box and taking a
pinch of suuff right over that bowl of white
sugar that will be handed in five minutes to
sweeten my tea! . And there's another bomb-
ing his hair with a pocket comb over that dish
of ovsters.
"'What will I haver" Starve but I'll have
nothing till I can find a cleaner place than Jths
to eat in.
Shade of old Paul Pry Boston! what do I
hcar: Two (well, I declare I am not sure
whether they ate ladies or women ) I don't
uudei stand thfsc New York feminines. At
any rate, they've got on bonnets, and are tel-
ling the waiter to bring them "a bottle of
Maraschino de Zara, some sponge cake, and
nine brandy."' See them sip the coidial in
their ulassea with the cu'Uo of an old toper.
Ste thir emancipated little tongues go! Won-
der if their husbands know that they drink! of
course they don't However, it is six of one
and half a dozen of the other They are
probably turniug down sherry cobblers and
eating oysters at FlorcnceV, and their poor
hungry childien while their parents are dain-
tyizing are coming home hungry from school
to eat a fiagment of dinner picked up at home
by a lazy set of servants.
lloiuho! ladies sipping wine in a public sa-
loon. Pilgrim rock ! hide yourself underground
Well, it is very shocking, the number of mar-
ried women who pass their time ruiuiug their
health in these saloons, devouring Paiisian
confectioner and tainting their children's
blood with an appetite for strong drink. Oh!
what a mockery of a home there must
be1 Heaven pity the children reared there,
left to the chance traiuiug of vicious hirelings!
Fanny Fern.
The Salibath.
Fanny Fern thus writes on the Sabbath:
"Sunday should be the best day of all the
seven; not ushered in with ascetic form, or
lengthened face or stiff and rigid manners.
Sweetly upon the still sabbath air should float
tho matin hymn of-happy childhood, blending
with early song of biruN, wafted upwards, with
flower's incense, to Him whose very name is
lore. It should be no day foi puzzling the half-
BHOCMTE II P
developed biain of childhood with gloomy
creeds, to shake the simple faith that promps
the innocent lips to say 'Our Father.'
It is no daT to sit upright on stiff-backed
chaiis, till the golden sun shall set. No! birds
should be more welcome to warble, the
flotversto diink the air and sunlight, or the
trees to toss their little limbs, free and fetter-
less. 'I am so sorry that to-morrow is Sunday!'
From whence docs this lament issuer From
under jour roof, oh! mistaken but well-meaning
Christian parents; from the lips of your
child, whom you compel to listen to two or
three unintlligible sermons sandwiched be-
tween Sunday schools, and finished off at night-
fall by tedious repetitions creeds and cbate-
cisms, till sleep releases your weary victims !
No wonder your child shudders when the min-
ister tells him that 'Heaven is one eternal Sab
bath.' Oh! mistaken parent! relax the over-
strained bow prevent the fearful rebound,
and make the Sabbath what God designed it,
not a weariness, but the 'best' and happiest
day of all the seven."
Witti a Moral.
A crippled beggar in a large city was stri-
ving to pick up some old clothes that had
been thrown him from a window, when a
crowd of rude boys gathered around him,
min m cing his awkw..rd movements, atd hoot-
ing at his helplessness and rags. Piesentlj
another, a noble little fellow, came up, and
hastily pushing through the crowd, helped the
poor crippled man,pick up his gifts, and fast-
ened them in a bundle ; then, slipping a piece
of silver into his hand, was running away, when
a voice far up above him said, "Little bov
with a straw hat, look up."
He did so, aud a lady, leaning fiom an up-
per window, said earnestly, "God will bless
you, my little fellow. God will bless you for
"that." The lady was the wife of a man so
distinguished among the great men of this
world, that everyone of those boys would have
been proud to obtain her approbation ; and
when she wrote down his name as one she
wished to remember, he felt more than paid
for all he had done.
A hr"wilked alnng,-hiihnught how glad
he had made his own heart by doing good."
He thought of the poor beggar's grateful look
then of the lady's smile and words of ap-
proval and last, and better than all, he could
almost hear his heavenly Father whispesing,
"Blessed are the merciful, for they shall ob-
tain mercy."
Little reader, when you have an opportuni-
ty to do good, and feel tempted to neglect it,
remember "the boy with the straw hat.5
The Sltferingsof Genius. The world's
history is full of the persecution of great men,
who stepped forward in advance of their age,
warnings to look kindh' on honest purposes,
and to judge with charity what we do not com-
prehend. Let us not lidicule or dispise new
things, because they conflict with our observa-
tion or seem to be impracticable. There is
hardly a discovery or invention in art that
has not had its day of trial and discourage-
ment. Many a man has gone heart-broken
to his grave, in whom the fire of genius has
burned, unseen and unappreciated, when ad-
verse circumstances, or shrinking timidity,
or cold neglect, or want of a kind word, have
come like a mountain upon him and kept his
secret buried forever. Prison bars have been
pressed by throbbing brows which would have
redeemed the woild. The records of the
world are full of the neglect of merit, and yet
nothing has been told. Perhaps there is
scarcely a man living who has not during some
portion of his life, known some one who has
pined unheeded, wanting the geneal air and
sunshine which never came. Men get mis-
placed and do not meet the magnet to draw
out the metal within them. Mediocrity writes
verses when it should be holding the plow, and
the true poet docs the drudgery of life, not
dreaming why the fire torments him. The
flint and steel are cold and cheerless until
stuck together, and they may never come in
contact.
Death.
There is perhaps no feeling of our nature so
complicated, so vague, mysterious, as that
with which we look upon the cold remains of
our fellow mortals. The dignity with which
death invests even the meanest of his victims,
iuspires us with an awe no living creature can
create. The monarch on his throne is less
awful than the beggar in his shroud. The
marble features, the powerless hand, the stiff-
ened limbs, the eye closed and glazed! Oh,
can we contemplate these with feelings which
can be defined! These are the mockery of
all our hopes and fears; of our proudest love,
and of our fellest hate.
A Good 31axim.
The more quietly and peaceably we all ge.t
on the better for our neighbors. la nine ca-
ses out of ten the wisest policy is, if a man
cheats vou, quit dealing with him ; if he is
abusive, quit his company; if he slanders you,
conduct your self in such a manner that no
body will believe him. No matter who ho is
or how he misuses you, the wisest way is gen-
erally to let him alone, for there is nothing
better than this cool, calm, quiet way of deal-
ing with the wrongs we meet with.
U JUL 1 llai
ER-30.
A little nonsense, now and then,
Is relished by lluj wisest men.
A Case.
Miss Fitznancy elderly maiden charged
Mr. Cleaver, the gay young man who was ac-
customed to carry home her marketing, with
having forcibly kissed her in the entry of her
own house. Mr. Cleaver, although proud of
his personal appearance, was short very
short considering his whiskers; his height,
even in French boots, reaching only to four
feet eleven inches. Miss Fitznancy, on the
contrary, being fond of extremes, ran up a
foot higher and staid there; being of re-
markably rigid deportment ; she swore the
abbreviated, yet amorous butcher kissed
her ! by assault and she hauled him up for
it. Butcher with some expressions of dis-
gust, more emphatic than neccessary denied
the charge. Butcher was fat lady wasn't.
Cleaver had antipathy to what he called
"scraggy" women, and vowed he hadn't kiss-
ed her, and wouldn't! Money couldn't hire
him to.
Being cross examined, the lawyer inquires
of the lady the circumstances when, where,
how, &c. Xady replied with great particular-
ity: On Monday morning ten o'clock in
the entry resisted all she could, but he per-
severed, and triumphed I
Lawyer asks "Did not he stand on any
thing but the floor r
"No ! be stood on the floor no chair, stool,
or anything else being brought into requisi-
tion." "But my dear madam, this is impossible !
you are twelve inches taller than he. How
could he reach your lips r"
Lady hadn't thought of that, but she was
not to be tripped up by the glibbest lawyer
of them all . so she replies : Oh ! ah ! well-
I know yes ! to be sure ! but then you know
I scrooched a little !"
"Exactly! Thank you. madam; that'll
do."
"Nothing further, your honor."
Ycrdict for the short defendent. Clinton
Do it with all thy might.
"That which thou hast to do, do it with
thy might," said a clergymau to his son
morning.
"So I did this morning," replied Bil
an enthusiastic gleam in his eye.
"Ah! what was it, my darling," a
father's hand ran through his offspring's
Why, I walloped Jack Edward,3 t:
yelled like thunder; you should have just
him holler, dad."
"Dad" looked unhappy, while he exp:
that the precept did not imply a case
that, and concluded mildly with
'You should not have done that, my child.
"Then he'd a wollopcd me," retorted Bill.
"Better," expostulated the sire, "for you
to have fled from the wTath to come."
"Yes, but," argdBill,byway of a final
clincher, "Jack can run twice as fast as lean."
The good man sighed, went to his study,
took up a pen, and endeavored to compose
himself on a sermon reconciling Practice with
Precept.
Out west, years ago, in the dark ages of Tex-
as, a farmer from a little village was condemn-
ed to suffer the extreme penalty of the lair,
for cow stealing. His wife called to see him
a few davsirevious to his execution to take
her last farWRl, when she asked him
"My dear, would you like the children to
see you executed ? "
"No !" replied he, "what must they come
for?"
"That's just like you," said the wife, "you
never wanted the children to have any enjoy-
ment !" ,
A Female Writer says: "Nothing look3
worse on a lady than darned stockings." Al-
low us to observe that stockings which need
darning, look much worse than darned ones,
darned if they dont. ost.
A Beautiful Woman once said to Gen.
Shields, who, bye-the-by, is an Irishman:
"How is it, that having obtained so much
glory, you will seek for more?"
"Ah, madam," he replied, "how is it that
you who have so much beauty, should still put
on the taint?,
"Pa, an't I growing tall?" "Why, what's
yonr height, sonny?" "Seven feet, lacking a
yard." Pa fainted.
Important Query.
0 ! is there not some happy land
A land beyond the seas, .
Where pot-pie smokes in boundless lake,
And dumplins grow on trees?
Can gingerbread be found in stacks,
And smear-kase by the tou?
And when you do a job of work,
You get the ready, John?
Where nature's lessons may bo read,
In every babbling brook?
Where bumble-bees don't sting a chap.
And muly cows don't hook?
n '
l!HH
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Lancaster, J. Texas Ranger. (Washington, Tex.), Vol. 5, No. 30, Ed. 1, Thursday, February 16, 1854, newspaper, February 16, 1854; Washington, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth48768/m1/1/: accessed May 8, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.