National Intelligencer. (Washington [D.C.]), Vol. 48, No. 6995, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 28, 1847 Page: 4 of 4
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NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
FROM OUR EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENT.
London, September 24, 1847.
It must be admitted that London excels all other
cities in many of its institutions for the promotion
of science and the arts. Nor is this to be wonder-
ed at when the time and money which have been
spent in maturing them are taken into consideration.
But it is really surprising that a country so young
as the United States should exhibit any institutions
which can worthily enter into competition with
those of England, and it will scarcely be credited
that any of those of the former country should e.rce/
those established for a similar object in the latter
one. Yet it must be allowed by every unpreju-
diced person that the asylums for the reception and
restoration of the insane in the United States are at
least as well conducted as those in England, and
produce at least as beneficial a result; whilst the
sy stem of prison discipline, looking at that discipline
with a view to a remedial result, of the former
country, is very much superior to that of the latter.
Our object is not to institute any invidious compa-
rison, but simply to direct attention to facts, that
the benevolent and enlightened of both countries
may adopt what is found to be best in the practice
of either, and that human happiness may be thereby
advanced.
The most striking thing, however, which has yet
fallen under the cognizance of the writer, is the to-
tal want in London, and consequently in England,
of a public institution similar to the Patent' Office
in Washington. To enter into a defence of the
importance of this latter institution would be a work
of supererogation ; it is allowed to be the nurse of
mechanical invention and improvement, and the
patron and rewarder of successful exertion. The
collection of models there open to public inspection
gives the fullest information respecting all that has
hitherto been done by American skill and genius in
the principal mechanical sciences, and shows how
it has been accomplished. But London has no
such storehouse of inventions ; there is no Govern-
ment collection of this kind. There are a few dusty
and imperfect models to be seen in the lower room
of the Society of Arts, in the Adelphi, and there is
a tolerably good but small collection of working
models in the rooms of the Polytechnic Institution,
in Regent street. I have heard the Patent Office in
Washington sneered at by those who, I must be al-
lowed to think, could not comprehend its impor-
tance, and ridiculed as “Unde Sam's Toyshop
but I am convinced that much individual advantage,
and consequently general good, would accrue from
a similar collection of English inventions being si-
milarly gratuitously exposed to public inspection
in London. The expense of obtaining a patent in
the United States does not, I believe, exceed $40
(£9 sterling) besides the expense of the model, &c.,
whilst in England the issuing of letters patent to
secure the property in a new invention costs, if ex-
tending over England alone, £105 ; if also extend-
ing to Scotland, £75 more ; and if to Ireland, also,
£135 more; making the expense of a patent-right
protection for the British Islands alone £315 ster-
ling, or nearly $1,400. If it extends to the Chan-
nel Islands or the British Colonies additional ex-
pense must be incurred. It may, therefore, be in-
ferred that enough money is derived from the issu-
ing of patents by the Government to support the
expense of adequate rooms for the exhibition of the
models of patented inventions. It is true that the
English inventor is not subject to the expense of
having a working model of his invention deposited
before he receives his patent, but he has to have
specifications and drawings prepared, and is sub-
jected to very considerable expenses over and above
the above mentioned large fees.
Some persons have doubted the real utility of a
moderate charge for the issuinga Government patent,
and say that the ease and small expense with which
such patents are obtained in the United States have
led to the waste of much time in the pursuit of use-
less schemes, and the maturing of inventions of no
practical value whatever. No doubt some of the
models in the Patent Office will excite a smile, and
others will lead to painful reflections as to the mis-
direction of human intellect, and the folly which
too often employs the hands and the head; but
these things are as a drop in the bucket when mea-
sured with the immense number of inventions which
have simplified labor, multiplied product, and im-
proved fabrics, which would have been strangled in
their birth but for this nursery of humble genius,
this collection of the trophies of mind’s victories over
matter. It would be in bad taste to give, in this
connexion, even a brief enumeration of what Ameri-
can skill has achieved,in the walks of mechanical
skill, but it would be easy to enumerate many use-
ful improvements and inventions which in all pro-
bability received their creative impulse from what
the ingenious projector beheld in the Patent Office,
and their matured perfection from the liberal pro-
tection which the Government accorded, and the
trifling expense for which that protection was
enjoyed.
These reflections have been suggested by the re-
ceipt and perusal of the official report of your Com-
missioner of Patents, for the year 1846. May I
hope that neither you nor your readers will consi-
der them as being unworthy transmission from this
distance ?
It appears to be a subject of great national impor-
tance to foster and encourage the arts of every-day
life ; those branches of science and skill which lie
at the very root of agricultural and manufacturing
progress, which add to a nation’s wealth and power,
by giving man additional hands and arms and means
of subduing the earth and turning its products to
easier and increased advantage. It is gratifying,
therefore, to find your Patent Office flourishing, and
furnishing proofs of its utility in the long list of in-
ventions, some of them of the highest value, which
during the past year it has recorded. This is not
the place for further allusion to its contents, well
known as they must be to your readers, and the
subject is introduced merely for the purpose of as-
serting the importance of the office, and the great
advantage which would be derived from the estab-
lishment of a similar one, and from a more liberal
patent-right system in thu country.
We have, however, a set of politicians—political
economists, I suppose, they would call themselves—
in England who deprecate improvements in machi-
nery as being adverse to the interests of the work-
ing man, who make war upon threshing-machines
and spinning jennies as cheapeners of human labor,
and who would hold the very ingenious mode of
sewing by machinery which was exhibited at your
National Fair in Washington eighteen months ago
as the very “ devil among the tailors.” It would
be useless to reason with such men; their argu-
ments have, however, a decided “ad captandem
vulgos” character, and therefore, to them and their
disciples, the establishment of a Patent Office, or an
exhibition of patents like yours, in London, would
be a great bugbear.
I here is one omission in the report of your Com-
missioner ot Patents for the last year which is to be
much lamented—that is, the agricultural statistics.
There is no very necessary connexion, it is true,
between agricultural statistics and the Patent Office,
but the former is perhaps more closely connected
with the latter than with any other department of
>our Government. At all events, so long as an
Agncultural department, either as an independent
office, or as a branch of a Board of Trade and Com-
merce, or part of a Bureau of General Statistics,
was not established, it was very gratifying to find
ousiness attended to by the Commissioner of
course, loose and imperfect, yet they served great
and important ends, not only at home, but also in
foreign countries. It is a fact that had they ob-
tained more evidence jn this country, a good deal of
the ruin which has lately fallen upon speculators in
grain would have been avoided. “ How can the
4 United States have this great amount of breadstuff's
* to spare?” was a question frequently asked ; “ they
‘ could not know when they sowed their grain that
* there would be a bad harvest in Europe, and
‘ therefore they could not cultivate more land to
‘ provide for our deficiency ; what motive could the
‘ American farmers have for producing so much
‘ more grain than usual, when they could have no
‘foreknowledge of a market for it? “No, no,”
‘ the skeptical English corn-dealer would say, “ it is
‘ all a farce.” “ We do not pretend to know what
‘ the produce of our own little island is, thickly as
‘ it is populated and compact as is its surface ; how
‘ then is it possible that in the United States, with
‘ their thinly scattered population over their im-
‘ mense surlace, and without that official govern-
‘ mental organization which is found in England,
‘ an estimate afiy how approaching to ‘ reliable ac-
curacy can be obtained ?” It was in vain to reason
with such men ; because they would not believe that
what had not been done in England could be done
any where else. The result, however, has proved
that the American statistics were right in the
main, and well was it for famishing Ireland that
they were so. It is very unfortunate that just when
your agricultural statements should have work-
ed their way into belief, by having proved that they
were worthy of it, either the parsimony or the ig-
norance of your Legislature should have caused
their discontinuance. Most truly does your Com-
missioner of Patents say, in his last year’s report,
“ The time has gone by when legislation for great
‘ communities is to be based upon theories or ab-
‘ stract axioms in political philosophy. Facts
‘ now are deemed the oniy solid foundation for
‘ die superstructures of the modern statesman. And
‘ without a knowledge of the statistics of a nation
‘ which embrace every fact relating to its condition
‘ and welfare, physical, moral, or political, it is
‘ almost impossible to legislate wisely fog: its inter-
‘ ests ; and no statistical knowledge is more impor-
‘ tant than that which exhibits the resources of a
‘ nation, as indicated by the products of its labor.”
The whole of the 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th
pages of the report ought to be carefully read and
weighed by every member of your Congress, and I
greatly err in my estimate of the good common
sense of that body, if an appropriation be not made
for the continuance of these agricultural statistics.
It would be infinitely better if a department was
organized to which, with other matters, the statistics
of the country of every kind should be referred.
The Britisli Board of Trade would afford a model
by which the statistical branch could be organized,
and I have no doubt every facility would be given
to your Government in furnishing information re-
specting such organization, should any be necessa-
ry. The present Vice President of that Board,
Mr. Thomas Milner Gibson, the talented represen-
tative of Manchester, will no doubt succeed, during
the next session of Parliament, in getting a bill
passed for the collecting and annual reporting agri-
cultural statistics. The opposition to such a mea-
sure has not arisen hitherto, in England, from any
apprehension of the expense attending it, but from
a selfish fear on the part of the great landed pro-
prietors that the information which would be thus
collected would strengthen the Anti-corn-law party,
by showing that England, unless in years when
more than an average harvest is produced, must al-
ways depend more or less upon other countries for
a portion of its breadstuff's, and that therefore all
restrictions upon the free introduction of grain from
abroad are impolitic and unjust. This selfish and
narrow objection will, however, no longer hold good
against the increased light of the age, and the spirit
of liberality which now really animates British
legislation.
The general interests of mankind require the
free transmission of every principle of knowledge
and every addition of power which knowledge
gives, wherever man is found in a capacity for re-
ceiving and properly employing it. The products
of one portion of the earth which are adapted to any
other part of its surface ought to be there transmit-
ted, aud their advantages as widely diffused as pos-
sible. Hence arises the great value of an arrange-
ment between the United States and England for
the transmission of agricultural and horticultural
seeds, &c. How many of the now most important
plants and fruits, of both the old world and the
new, were not indigenous there ? How many of them
have become improved by their transfer, after being
acclimated to their new location ? What has been
done, may again be done, and if out' of a hundred
experiments and trials, one only succeeds, what
benefits would arise to either country by the intro-
duction of a new fruit or vegetable, a new medicinal
plant, a new dye or mordant, or, what is of infinite-
ly more importance, a new article of farinaceous
food ? Such an interchange of good is indeed an
office fit for Christian nations.
September 28.
The present derangement in monetary matters
in England has very naturally caused much inquiry
as to its'cause, and amidst the great variety of opi-
nion it is almost impossible at present to get a cor-
rect view of the subject. The two most prominent
sources of existing difficulties are, however, in the
opinion of the inquirers, the Bank restriction act of
1844, and the absorption of capital in railways.
The abettors of the first opinion are actively organ-
izing themselves, and preparing for action ; the fol-
lowing extract from the Daily News of the 27th
instant has relation to their movements :
“Anti-Gold Law League.—Several gentlemen who take
a deep interest in the currency question have formed an asso-
ciation under the above name, which is to meet in congress
for the first time, next week, in the metropolis. It will be
attended by gentlemen from all parts of the country. The
congress is expected to sit for several days, and will probably
commence its labors on Thursday next. Several of the gen-
tlemen who are to be present and take part in the proceed-
ings are members of respectable banking firms in the pro-
vinces, and others are partners in mercantile houses of high
standing. There are, we are told, some differences of opinion
among them as to the precise footing on which the currency
of the country ought to be placed, but all are agreed in the
propriety of an immediate and entire repeal of the Bank Re-
striction Act of 1844. The great majority are for a recur-
rence to a paper currency and the re-issue of one pound notes.”
Jerrold says this “ League has started into exist-
‘ ence at a most opportune period. The pressure
‘ on the mercantile classes will obtain for it a lair
‘ hearing. This association merely wishes to carry
‘ out the principle of free trade by abolishing the
‘ fixed price of gold, arbitrarily established by act
‘ of Parliament. It behooves us to inquire whether
‘ this opulent nation cannot find a safe and effective
‘ instrument for internal trade, which may super-
‘ sede the use of the precious metals.”
The frieqds of this “ League” say that the ma-
nifesto which it has issued is remarkably clear and
explicit. The plan involves so much novelty, and
the breaking up so many long-settled notions and
habits, that it is not likely to be carried into execu-
tion ; but as one of the many schemes of this
scheming city, the following extract from the
printed declaration of principles may not be unin-
teresting :
“ Principles or Money.—1st. That gold ought to be
treated as a commodity, fluctuating in its price under the ac-
tion of the law of supply and demand.
“2d. That, in accordance with this principle, the mint-
price of gold, established by act of Parliament, ought to be
abolished.
“ 3d. That a perfectly safe and efficient substitute for gold,
as the instrument of internal exchanges, may be found in
paper money to be issued exclusively by the Crown, under
the advice and with the sanction of Parliament.
“4th. That, to guard against the possibility of deprecia-
tion, through excessive issues, the annual amount of legal
been most skilfully arranged, and promises much
public utility. It will be extended to all parts of
the kingdom as soon as possible. '
FOE. THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
A KENTUCKY HUNTER,
[From unpublished MSS., by the author of “ Prairiedom.”]
amount of taxation, augmenting or diminishing as taxation replies to all parts of the town the instant they are
* 'Sril-tenJe, m„„6y should ewfat of paper The wllole “teblishnrent appears to have
notes, varying from one pound to higher values ; such notes
to be in the nature of small exchequer bills, but not to bear
any interest.
“ 6th- That these notes should be put into circulation by
the Crown in discharge of its current debts, pass from subject
to subject as legal tender in liquidation of all private liabili-
ties, and be at all times payable for taxes to the respective of-
ficers of the public revenue, after which they would be
cancelled.
“7th. That an office be established, either at the bank or
the mint, where these notes should always be convertible into
gold, at the market price of gold, in the same manner that
they would be convertible into any other commodity at its
market-p^rice.
“8th. That the mint might still continue to stamp gold,
to certify its weight and fineness, either in bars, sovereigns,
or any other form, for the convenience of those who might
require that metal to discharge the balances of foreign trade,
or for any private purposes.”
This scheme has many enthusiastic admirers.
The following passage from one of the weekly
journals enumerates, in strong terms, its great ad-
vantages. If it could be proved to be capable of
producing half of them, there would be great folly
in rejecting it; but we may well hesitate in our
belief of the all heal properties of this new mo-
netary panacea:
“ We feel confident that the merchants and traders of the
metropolis will at once rally round this new organization. It
offers them a permanent remedy. Under the system here
proposed panics could never again ensue. Gold, treated as a
commodity, would be put to a market-price. It would be
purchasable with the national legal tender at all times for
what it was really worth. If scarce, it would be dear; if
plentiful, cheap. It would no longer be a privileged metal,
but find its level with those infinitely more useful commodi-
ties, coal and iron, the true instiuments of our national great-
ness. If exported, no contraction of our national money
would take place, for gold would no longer be the master of
industry. No insane cry of stopping factories and railways
would be heard. The national instrument of exchange would
always be present among ourselves, neither contracting nor
expanding in volume so long as taxation was stationary.
Every man would be able .to find employment; pauperism
would cease. No one would be deterred from undertakings
which necessarily spread themselves over long periods of time.
Every class but that of usurers and money-mongers would be
elevated. Instead of privileged classes growing rich the
whole body of the people would become independent. There
would be no stagnation, no gluts, no cutting down of wages.”
Whether the Government will take any steps to-
wards the repeal of “ Peel’s restriction act” is a
doubtful question. The general opinion is that it
will not, and this receives corroboration from the
Chancellor of the Exchequer’s reply to a deputation
of bankers, merchants, and coal-owners, who waited
upon him a few days ago respecting monetary and
mercantile affairs. Sir Charles said “ the worst
Patents Thoan . * tion, through excessive issues, the annual amount of legal
^ “ statements were, of tender paper money should exactly correspond with the annual
was past, and the existing alarm would speedily sub-
side.” He appeared to consider the “ existing
alarm” to have arisen from over-speculation and
the competition of railways. Be this as it may,
one great argument, which was made use of during
the last session in favor of Sir Robert Peel’s bank
restriction bill, must now be abandoned. It was
then said that during former panics in the money-
market numerous and large failures had occurred
in the mercantile world ; these things happened
when the bank was unrestricted in its issues ; but
now, under the wholesome tight-lacing of Sir
Robert Peel’s bill, not a single mercantile failure
of any importance had taken place. It would be
well if we could say the same at the present day.
We have now to point to such names as Reid,
Irving & Co., Sanderson & Co., Gower & Ne-
phews, Giles & Son, and Cockerell & Co.—one
of whose partners is Sir George Larpent, the late
candidate for the city of London, and who came
within twenty votes of being elected. This morn-
ing (September 29) we have tfi add the very re-
spectable names of Perkins, Schlusser & Mullins,
Russian and Indian merchants, to the list, and rumors
respecting other large houses are very rife. The
mischief has extended to Liverpool and Manches-
ter; in the latter place four rather extensive fail-
ures took place yesterday.
The Bank of England appears to have been do-
ing a good business; for it has just declared a di-
vidend of 4g per cent, for the last six months. It
has, however, sustained considerable disgrace by
the failure of its governor and two of its directors,
Sir John Reid and Mr. A. L. Gower.
There appears to be a good deal of feverish ex-
citement at present with respect to railways. A
numerous portion t>f the community and a very re-
spectable part of the press attribute the present
commercial ci’isis to the absorption of capital in
these adventures. “The Daily News,” always
liberal and generally talented, has published a se-
ries of very luminous articles upon this subject, and
has arrived at the conclusion that the railway sys-
tem, so far from being the monster that some per-
sons have depicted it to be, ii the most valuable
material boon that this nation has received during
the present century. All interference with the pre-
sent railway progress by the Government is depre-
cated as being unnecessary, unjust, and highly im-
politic. Those who would stop the further expen-
diture. of money on railways Vor the present, are
asked how they are prepared to provide for the vast
number of the working classes who are now em-
ployed in this species of labor, and to meet the des-
titution which must ■ be caused by the suddenly
throwing the greater part of these hands out of
work. Admitting that some little ease would be
obtained in the money market by forbidding the
railway companies to spend any more money or to
make any further calls, the mouths now supplied
with bread by honest labor must be fed in idleness,
and it would be a large financial gain which would
counterbalance the evil of converting some hundreds
of thousands of hardworking laborers into paupers,
for paupers they must be if their present employ-
ment be stopped. It is true the time will arrive
when this mode of labor must be exhausted, but the
present would be a most critical juncture at which
to make the experiment; the evil would be certain
and extensive, the good very problematical, and, at
the best, very incommensurate. Some other mode
than that of stopping railway expenditure must be
found to relieve the present difficulties of the coun-
try, for it is mot very easily proved that such ex-
penditure has had much, if any thing, to do with
producing them.
Whilst on this subject, let n\e add the following
painful items to the«etock of railway statistics. The
returns just printed, by order of the House of Lords,
show that during the six months from January 1st
to June 30, 1847, there have occurred, by railway
travelling in Great Britain and Ireland, accidents
by which 101 persons have been killed and 100 in-
injured. The whole number of travellers was
23,119,412. During the preceding six months, 81
persons were killed and 154 injured; making, dur-
ing the year, 182 persons killed and 254 maimed
and injured. It is right to- say that a majority of
these accidents have arisen from the carelessness of
the sufferers ; and 40 of the deaths out of the 81
during the first six months from crossing or walk-
ing on the line in front of the engine.
Rapidity of communication connects naturally
with speed in travelling, and if the body be now
transported with the velocity of the racehorse for
500 miles together, the thoughts are transmitted
with the speed of light. The Commercial Electric
Telegraph is about being opened at sixty,principal
towns in England, from each of which messages
will be dispatched to every other town in connex-
ion. The committee will transmit for the ufee of
subscribers the substance of'ship lists from the va-
rious ports; share lists from the different exchan-
ges ; prices current; stock exchange lists; corn
market returns, &c. There will be a central sta-
tion in London where all news is to be concentrat-
ed. Subscribers, at two guineas per annum, to be
admitted to the central and all other stations, where
rooms will be provided for their accommodation.
Messengers will' be kept at all the stations to bear
We every where, in our travels, meet with some eccentric
character, who is the observed of ail observers in his neigh-
borhood, and generally the lion, par excellence, of the little
circle wherein he resides. We saw such an one not long since
at Russellville, Kentucky. His name w-as Stewart. He
had been a resident of the county for upwards of forty years.
He had spent half his life in the woods, and was a genuine
specimen of the. Kentucky Hunter. We first saw him lolling
upon a common rush-bottomed chair, inclined against the
outer wall of the hotel, with his feet braced upon another of a
similar stamp, far in front. He was holding a scrap of paper,
covered with figures and hieroglyphics, in one hand, while
the other grasped a worn out pencil of two or three inches in
length, which he ordinarily made use of in cyphering out
some algebraic equation, or calculating the superficies of a
piece of land, the minutes of which lay before him. He seem-
ed, for the time, to be absorbed in mathematics, but his pen-
cil was idle, his paper moved not, except now and then when
ruffled by the wind; and, drawing closer towards him, I per-
ceived he was fast asleep. Somnus had seized hold of him,
algebraic equations and all, and held him firmly in his arms.
Homer would sometimes nod, and so did our Kentucky hun-
ter. At length his nap was over, and, roused by the glare of
the sun, which was now shining full upon him, or the my-
riads of flies and mosquitoes which lighted upon his head and
ears, he opened his large dark eyes upon his paper, and with
an air of undisturbed satisfaction replaced it in his pocket.
Altogether he was a singular looking genius, and the more I ’
gazed upon him the more curious I became to know his his-
tory. He was clad in a calico hunting shirt, black satin waist-
coat, which was ornamented with-silk fringe of the same color
at the bottom, while silk cord, wiih large double tassels pend-
ant at the ends, served the place of- buttons. These he tied,
or left hanging loosely for ornament, as suited his pleasure.
His pantaloons were of the common bagging of the country,
and his feet closely covered with deer-skin moccasins of his
own make and fashion. His particolored shirt bosom was
ornamented with a large golden brooch, double heart-shaped,
also of his own make, together with gold shirt-buttons, with
the initials of his name handsomely engraved by his own fin-
gers upon each.
Major Stewart, or Bill Stewart, as he was more commonly
called and known in his neighborhood—though every way
worthy of his military title—was, I should judge, about sixty
years old, of large, thick-set and heavy person, though not
His complexion was fresh and fair, and his hair long.
IAW PARTNERSHIP.
____ . LYON & PRINCE.
rTIHE undersigned will practice law in partnership in the
-A. several Courts of the counties of Marengo, Sumter, and
Greene, and in the Supreme Court of the State. Office at De-
mopolis, Alabama. F. g. LYON,
aug 7—!y q. H. PRINCE.
'THE,OAK1iANDS SCHOOL, Burlington, N. J.
E. C. WINES, Principal.
rriHE winter term will commence on Monday,’ the 1st day
JL °1 November. For terms and other information, apply,
by letter or otherwise, to the Principal. oct 9—eolm
tall.
ai.d thin, parted upon his forehead, and hung loosely upon
his shoulders. He was lively and facetious, and withal very
communicative, and I regretted my time and visit was too
limited to enable me to obtain the whole story of his eventful
and chequered life, though.I gathered something of his his-
tory, amt learned that few if any more interesting legends
could be gathered in the West than from the life and adven-
tures of this Hunter of Kentucky.
He soon became very sociable and inquisitive, and, as was
his custom with strangers, gained all the information he could
of the States and of foreign parts. He was delighted with a
description of his own country, of which he had seen and
heard so little. As we became more familiar, he invited me
into his lodge, which was close by, and known by all the
country people roundabout, and universally called the Den.
It was a small shanty near the hotel, and consisted of two di-
minutive apartments, one of which contained his cot-bed, &c.
and the other was dedicated as a workshop, and filled with all
manner of tools, lumber, and utensils, which he had been
gathering together for the last fifty years. Here were saddles
and bridles and spurs, and buffalo robes and blankets, rifles
and pouches and horns, and Indian curiosities of all sorts,
paints and chemicals and crucibles, &c., which were used in
the smelting of gold or the search after the philosopher’s stone.
A splendid rifle, embossed with gold and silver, and a pair of
massive spurs of the same metals, exquisitely wrought by his
own hands, were fine specimens of the mechanical ingenuity
and handicraft of this eccentric Leather-Stocking and self-
taught man. »
If he had not the touch of Midos .to turn every thing into
gold, he had the power of converting gold into every thing he
liked, and the precious metals were sure to compose a portion
of every instrument and ornament which he used and wore
about his person. A beautiful silver pipe was one of the best
specimens of his handiwork which I saw in his curiosity shop,
and one upon which he seemed to place the highest value.
It was composed of several distinct pieces about four or five
inches in length, inserted the one within the other, and orna-
mented with silver chains of the smallest possible links pend-
ant from each piece. It was his favorite divinity and in con-
stant use.
Major Stewart was born in Georgia, emigrated when a boy,
and, locating in this “ region round about,” and in what was
then the disputed territory between the Northern and South-
ern Indians, he continued to drive the varmints, as he ex-
pressed it, and lived to see the country settled and flourishing
like a green bay tree. He had lived to see every house built
and farm occupied, and knew all the marriages, births, chris-
tenings, and deaths that had happened in the county for a pe-
liod of forty years. Altogether he was a singular and extra-
ordinary man.
QHEKIFF’S SALE OF THE MOUNT SAVAGE
0 IRON WORKS, RAILROAD, &C—By virtue of
two writs ot venditioni exponas, issued to me by Allegany
county Court against the Maryland and New York Iron and
Coal Company i one at the suit of John Wright, Robert Samuel
Palmer, and Charles Weld, trustees for the English bondhold-
ers ; and the other at the suit of William F. Cary and John M.
Forbes: I will sell at the office of said Company, Mount Sav-
age, Maryland, on Thursday-, the 11th day of November next,
at 12 o’clock, all the lands of the said Company with the valu-
able improvements tbereon, known as the Mount Savage fy-on
Works, together with the Railroad. These lands are known
as follows, namely : “ MountSavage,” (excepting an immate-
rial part thereof conveyed by the Company to Harriet Emily
Weld,) containing 3,072 1-8 acres; “Third Addition to
Mount Savage,” containing 212} acres; part of “Take all
That’s Left,” containing for such part 70 acres ; “ Sheffield,”
contain^ 64acres; “ Billston,” containing If acres; “Dudley,”
containing f acre ; “ Limestone,” containing fir acres ; a parcel
of land containing 73} acres, described in the deed from George
Mattingly and others to Lewis How-ell, dated 1 Sth November,
in the y ear 1837 ; “ Howell,” containing 875} acres ; “ Peter’s
Patrimony,” containing 286 15-16 acres ; “Small Addition,”
containing 12} acres ; “ Timber Ridge,” containing 5} acres ;
“ Three Springs,” containing 113 acres ; “Straight Hollow,”
containing 55f acres; “Point Look Out,” containing 30}
acres; “Nothing Left,” containing 40 acres; “Sugar and
Wine,” containing 81} acres ; “Rocky Hollow,” containing
53 acres Vulcan,” containing 254 acres ; “ Cedar Ridge,”
containing 140} acres ; part of “Family Inheritance,” con-
taining for stuh part 28 acres ; several parcels, all being parts
ot “ Walnut Bottom,” and lying within the corporate limits of
Cumberland, one part containing 33 perches, another part con-
taining 70 perches, another part containing 41 perches, another
part containing 69 perches, another part containing 63 perches,
and another part containing 9 perches ; part of “ Resurvey on
Enterprise,” containing 17 acres, 108 perches ; “ Resurvey on
Hoffman’s Delight,” containing 2 acres 16 perches ; “ Partof
the Brothers,” containing 115 perches ; part of “Resurvey-
on Mount Plesant,” containing 19} acres ; part ot “ Mill Seat”
and “Addition to Mill Seat,” containing 2 acres 96 perches ;
another part of “Resurvey on Enterprise,” and two other
parcels ot land, containing more or less, being the.same which
were conveyed to Samuel M. Semmes intrust for Henry Tho-
mas Weld, by- the two deeds, one from Pierce Byrne and
Frances his wife, dated 25th May, 1844, and the other from
Mohn Black and Lydia his wife, dated 24th May, 1844 ; a par-
cel of land containing 1 acreT rood and 6 perches, being the
same that was purchased by the said Company- from Aza
Beall, and which is particularly described in the article of
•agreement between the parties ; and Lots Nos. 34, 35, 46, 47,
48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, all lying on the east side of Will’s Creek,
in Beall’s First Addition to the town of Cumberland. These
lands w-ere bought by the said Company, some for their value
as coal lands, some for tin ir value as iron ore lands, and.some
for their value as affording, not only a track for the Company’s
Railroad, hut also Depots for the trade of the road, building
lots for houses, &tc.
The Railroad is known as the “Mount Savage Railroad,”
extending from the Mount Savage Iron Works to the town of
Cumberland, and is about 9 miles in length.
The property now offered for sale is the same property offer-
ed by me on 7th October instant, under the writs of fieri facias
issued at the suit ot the same parties. Capitalists are invited
to examine it and judge ot its value for themselves It has
been appraised by practical and scientific men at a price which,
including the personal property-, amounts to half a million of
dollars. MOSES RAWLINGS,
oct 19—cp2awts Sheriff of Alleghany County.
14/TRS. WINDSOR’S SCHOOL FOR YOUNGLA-
1y I DIES, at Walnut Grange, half a mile from the Belts-
ville d?pot of the Baltimore and Washington Railroad, acces-
sible three times a day in half an hour from Washington, and
in a perfectly retired and healthy neighborhood.
The Winter session of five months will commence on Mon-
day, November 1st.
Circulars, upon a letter sheet, will be sent to any one de-
siring them, upon application to Mrs. R. S. Windsor, Belts-
ville, Prince George’s county, Maryland.
oct 2—2aw4wdisc
T ARGE AND IMPORTANT SALE OF VALUA-
§ 1 ISLE REAL ESTATE, on tlie ; Rappahannock
River—-Slaves, Horses, Mules, Cattle, Sheep, Farming
Implements, Crops, &c.—By virtue of a deed of trust, exe-
cuted by James P. Corbin, Esq., I shall proceed to sell at pub-
lic auction, on Thursday, the 11th day of November, 1847, it
fair, if not, the next fair day, the following real and personal
estate :
CORBIN HALL—an estate containing about 1,850 acres ot
land, situated in the county of Middlesex, and lying between
the Rappahannock river and Grange creek. The improve-
ments consist of a comfortable wood dwelling-house of four
rooms, all necessary outhouses—barns, corn-houses, stables,
negro-cabins, &c.
Corbin Hall is second to no estate on the Rappahannock
river, of similar extent, in all the advantages which couldbere-
quired by a Virginia farmer desirous of obtaining an agree-
able residence or a profitable investment of capital. The tarm
is now in good order and condition. The growing crop of corn
is estimated at 1,800 barrels ; crops of wheat and rye will be
seeded, and all the farming operations have been and will be
regularly conducted until the day ol sale.
Sixty valuable and likely slaves, a large number of Horses,
Mules, Cattle, Sheep, and Hogs ; Wagons, Carts, Ploughs,
and other farming utensils ; Fodder, Shucks, &c.
Also, a valuable Threshing Machine, capable of turning out
from 200 to 200 bushels per day.
The sale will take place at Corbin Hall.
Persons desirous of viewing the property previous to the
sale are invited to do so.
Terms : The Slaves will be sold for cash; the Stocks, Farm-
ing Utensils, and erops on a credit of six months ; the Land
one-third cash, one-third twelve months, one-third two years.
Bond, with good personal sScurity, bearing interest from the
day of sale, and a deed of trust on the premises, to secure the
deferred payments. James P. Corbin and his w-ife will unite
in a deed to the purchaser.
For further information as to the property the undersigned
will refer all persons designing to purchase to James P. Cor-
bin, Esq. WM. N. WELLFORD,
sep 28—cpts Trustee.
I POSTPONED SALE.—In consequence of the great
X freshet in the Potomac, the Land below advertised to be
sold on the 15th October is postponed to Monday, JYovember
22, 1847. oct 26—-wtds
~\TALUABLE REAL ESTATE FOR SALE.—By
y authority ot a deed of trust executed to me by the late
Richard B. Mason, deceased, on the 28th day of August, 1841,
and also of a decree of the Circuit Superior Court of Law and
Chancery of the county of Alexandria, Virginia, rendered at
the last June term of the said Court, I shall, on Friday, the
15th day of October next, if fair, otherwise the next fair day,
proceed, at 12 o’clock M., upon the premises, to sell at pub-
lic auction that most fertile and valuable tract of land known
as “ Holmes’s Island,” or more recently as “Jackson city,”
lying in the said county of Alexandria, bordering upon the
Potomac river, immediately opposite to the city of Washing-
ton, and containing, as was computed by its late proprietor,
“about 500 acres, more or less.”
The quality of this land is such as pre-eminenly to fit it for
the profitable culture of all kinds of grain and grass ; though
its close proximity to Washington, with which it communicates
by means of the Potomac bridge, would seem peculiarly to
adapt it to be cultivated as a dairy farm and garden, both of
which may be conducted with very great profit in supply ol the
extensive and rapidly increasing demand of that city for the
products of the diary, as well as for fruits and vegetables of all
kinds. There is already upon it a large garden of some eight
or ten acres of the finest soil imaginable, which has proved
highly valuable in the course of many years’ cultivation. It has
also a very valuable fishery upon it, at which both shad and
herring have been, as I am credibly informed, taken in annual-
ly increasing quantities for several years past, and in such
numbers as to prove it to be one of the best fisheries upon the
river.
The improvements consist in a comfortable dwelling-house,
with stables and other out-buildings, and a well of good water
near the door. The peculiar locality of this property especially
fits it for another valuable purpose, to which it has been applied
with no little profit, and that is as a cattle stand for beef cattle,
&c. brought in for the supply of the cities of the District and ol
Alexandria. It has been found to afford the best market, and
at home for all the products of the farm in grain and grass.
4 he locality of this property, its great fertility, and the abun-
dant means it contains of augmenting that fertility to an un-
limited extent, conspire with its other striking advantages in
commending it to the particular attention of capitalists who
may be disposed to make a profitable investment in real estate.
It will be sold either entire or divided, as may be found most
desirable to purchasers. One-third of the purchase money will
be required to be paid in hand, and the balance in two equal
annual instalments bearing interest from the day of sale ; the
purchaser giving his bonds for the same with satisfactory se-
curity, and a deed of trust upon the property to secure their
payment.
Possession will be given on the first day of January next,
and such title as is vested in me by the aforesaid decree and
deed of trust will be conveyed.
sept 2—cpts R. C. MASON, Trustee.
T. PE ALICE’S
GREAT PRIZE-SELLING OFFICE.
100,000 Dollars !
ALEXANDRIA LOTTERY, Class S, for 1847.
To be drawn at Alexandria, Saturday, October 30, 1847.
Under the superintendence of Comissioners.
J. W. MAURY & CO., Managers,
{Successors to J. G. Gregory id Co.)
75 number lottery—12 drawn ballots.
MAGNIFICENT SCHEME :
1 Grand Capital Prize ol............ $100,0011
1 Grand prize of........................40,000
1 Splendid prize ol..................... 20,000
1 do................................15,000
1 ' do................................12,075
5 Splendid prizes of............. 10,000
5 do................................ 5,000
5 do 4,000
200 do... .(lowest three numbers)....... 2,000
63 do... .(1st and 2d drawn number.... 1,000
126 do... .(2d & 3d, or 3d &4th dr’n Nos.) 500
126 do... .(4th &. 5th, or5th&c fithdr’h Nos. ) 250
126 do....(6th & 7th, or7th&i 8th dr’u Nos.) 150
3 717 do................................ 80
23,436 do............................... 40
Tickets $40—Halves $20—Quarters $10—Eighths $5.
Certificates of Packages in the above Magnificent Sche e,
for sale at T. PEARCE’S Lucky Office,
on Pennsylvania avenue, near 44 street.
All orders will be thankfully received and promptly attend-
ed to, if addressed to THOMAS PEARCE,
oct s—-eoSwcp Washington.
'XT ALUABLE TAVERN PROPERTY for Sale.
V The subscriber (by authority from Capt. J. Brookes, the
proprietor) will sell that valuable Tavern property in the
town of Upper Marlboro’, now in the occupation of Mr. Ma-
son E. Clarke, consisting of a very large and commodious
Brick Tavern, large Stable and Carriage-house, and all the
necessary out-houses for such an establishment.
The sale of this property offers a rare opportunity for a
gentleman ot enterprise to do a large and lucrative business.
The terms, which will be favorable to the purchaser, will
be made known to any one anxious to purchase by the sub-
scriber.
This property will be offered at public sale on Thursday,
the 4th November next, at 4 o’clock P. M., if not sold before.
oct 2—lawtlN C. C. MAGRUDER.
D. PAINE & CO.
Contractors and Managers of Lotteries, Baltimore, Md.
GRAND SCHEMES FOR NOVEMBER.
SUSQUEHANNA CANAL LOTTERY,
Class No. 49.
To be drawn in Baltimore, November 3, 1847.
75 numbers—13 drawn ballots.
1 prize of..
1 prize of...
1 do ..
100
do ...
----1,000
1 do ..
40
do ...
---- 200
1 do ..
.......2,000
40
do ...
---- 175
1 do ..
100
do ..,
&c. See.
&c.
Tickets $10—Halves $5—Quarters $2 50.
Certificate of package of 25 wholes $130
Do shares in same proportion.
SUSQUEHANNA CANAL LOTTERY,
Class No. 50.
To be drawn in Baltimore, November 10, 1847.
78 numbers—13 drawn ballots.
‘ GRAND SCHEME.'
1 Prize of.......
20 prizes of.......
..are..
...100,000
20 do ......
..are..
20 do ......
..are..
... 10,000
20 do ......
..are..
... 8,000
20 do ......
20 do .......
........ 250..
..are..
... 6,000
... 5,000
165 do ......
. .are..
... 33,000
&C.
&C.
See.
Tickets $12—Halves $6—Quarters $3.
Certificate of package of 26 whole tickets $170
Do do 26 half do 85
Do do 26 quarter do 42
Do do 26 eighths do 21
SUSQUEHANNA CANAL LOTTERY,
Class No. 51.
To be drawn in Baltimore, November 17, 1847.
SPLENDID SCHEME.
1 prize of.
do ..
do ..
do ..
do ..
do ..
do.
.$30,000
.. 8,000
.. 5,000
.. 4,000
.. 3,427
.. 2,500
1,750
2 prizes of -
2 do...
2 do....
2 do....
2 do...
2 do...
.$1,500
..1,250
..1,000
.. 800
.. 700
600
200
do........ 500 each.
Lowest three number prize $500.
Tickets $10—Halves $5—Quarters $2 50.
Certificate of 25 -wholes $130—Shares in proportion.
All orders for tickets, or parts, or packages will meet with
prompt attention. Address to
D. PAINE & CO.,
Managers, Baltimore, Md.
Oct 20—-SawfiwdSscp [Union]
rriHE LAST OFFER OF A VALUABLE STOCK
X. FARM.—The subscriber, having twice heretofore offer-
ed tor sale his plantation, Glenthorn, (under unfavorable cir-
cumstances, however,) without effecting a sale, or even attract-
ing many buyers, now offers it for the last time. And, as ad-
vertisements seem to be considered extravagant, or to be dis-
regarded altogether, he hereby gives a public assurance that
the representations about to be made shall be strictly true,
while he respectfully invites purchasers to examine the pro-
perty for their own satisfaction.
This place, then, is situated on the south fork of Rock-
fish ri er, in Nelson county, State of Virginia, twenty-three
miles from Howardsville, (which is ninety miles above Rich-
mond, on the James River Canal,) to which point, from this
region, a well-graded turnpike road is now in progress of Con-
struction, whereby an easy and cheap transportation will be
ensured to an excellent market. The tract contains about
1,250 acres, of which 230 is superior low grounds, with much
meadow land, a large po, tion of it being so situated and sup-
plied with water that it might be readily and thoroughly irri-
gated. About six hundred acres of the highland is of excel-
lent quality, and lies favorably for cultivation, half of it being
already cleared and substantially enclosed, and, where not in
corn, being weil set in clover, timothy, orchard grass, and
herd’s grass, all of which grow luxuriantly on every part of the
land.
This place is remarkably well timbered, having an ample
supply of oak, hickory, and poplar for fuel and other purposes,
and an inexhaustible stock of chestnut and locust, which fur-
nish the most durable materials for fencing. It is also un-
usually well watered, there being upon it numerous springs .of
the finest water, and at least one constantly running stream in
every field. Wli 1st the place produces tobacco to great per-
fection, it is admirably well suited to the stock business.
When we’’-consider its large amount of meadow land, its great
general productiveness in the various grains and grasses, as
well as its abundant supply of pure water, we are justified in
regarding it one of the best stock farms in the State, whether
for cattle, sheep, or hogs ; for, besides the advantages present-
ed by the cultivated lands, there is an extensive range which
affords grass for cattle or sheep, and mast for hogs, sufficient to
sustain them several months in the year.
“The improvements are decidedly good. There is a spacious
and handsome brick dwelling, occupying a romantic site, and
favored with scenery peculiarly varied and beautiful. The
yard and adjacent groun Is are thickly set with forest and or-
namental trees and shrubbery, and at a proper distance are
orchards of choice fruit, which rarely if ever fail to bear.
The other buildings are such as are usually found on a well-
improved place, and are of a neat and substantial character.
The situation is as healthy as any in Virginia, and to the
neighboring society belong morality, intelligence, wealth, and
refinement.
If a sale he not effected before Wednesday, the 29th day of
September next, the property will be offered at that time, or
on the first fair day thereafter, on the premises, to the highest
bidder. Immediate possession will be given for seeding ; and,
as upwards of 150 acres of land is now in corn and tobacco,
that quantity will be ready for seeding this fall without the la-
bor of preparation.
There will be a good supply of corn, fodder, hay, straw,
&e. on the place, which may be had on reasonable terms.
One-fourth of the purchase money will be required in hand,
and the balance in three equal annual instalments, the pur-
chaser giving bonds, with approved security, for the deferred
payments. ,
The subscriber, who will generally be at home, or Mr. C.
T, Estes, of Nelson Court-house, will at any time show the
lands to any one wishing to see them ; and as he, the subscri-
ber, is anxious to sell out and remove to the South, he is pre-
pared to propose terms which must be considered liberal. A
perfect title will be conveyed. Address
JOS. F. MONTGOMERY,
aug 28—ts Mount Horeb, Nelson county, Virginia.
JO“ Circumstances having been such that it was not
deemed advisable to offer my place to the highest bidder on
the 29th ultimo, it is still unsold. And it will, consequently,
be subject to private sale until Wednesdy, the 3d day of No-
vember next, when, if not sold before, it will positively be of-
fered as proposed in the foregoing advertisement, if there
should be even two reliable bidders present. In ihe mean-
while it will be neatly seeded with wheat ot the best quality,
and in good time, the purchaser paying for the grain and for
the labor of putting it in.
oct 5—tNov3 • JOS. F. MONTGOMERY.
8 5ARM FOR SALE.—I offer, at private sale, my farm
X? situate on the Northwestern Turnpike, about one mile
and a half west of Winchester, containing 376 acres of first-
rate limestone land, all cleared, with 125 acres of heavily
timbered woodland, lying near the turnpike road, about four
miles distant. The improvements consist of a brick dwelling-
house, large ami commodious, now finishing in the best style,
with an ice-house, carriage-house, and all necessary outbuild-
ings. The granary, barn, and stabling, with extensive sheds
for stock, arc all new ; the fencing is mostly stone and locust?
stake, with chestnut rails, all made within the last three
years. The land is well watered, in a fine state of cultiva-
tion, free of all noxious weeds, and is probably clearer of
stone than any limestone farm of the same size in the valley
Terms will be made accommodating, and possession given in
ime for seeding a fall crop. A. S. TIDBALL,
yune 1—2aw6m Winchester, (Va.) May 27.
BRILLIANT LOTTERIES.
J. W, MAURY Ss CO., Managers.
{Successors to J. G. Gregory id Co.)
5 prizes of $20,000, amounting $100,000, and
5 prizes of $10,000.
SPLENDID ALEXANDRIA LOTTERY,
Class No. 71 for 1847.
To be drawm at Alexandria, Saturday, November 6, 1847.
GRAND SCHEME.
1 prize of.........$20,0005
1 do ......... 20,000 j
1 do ......... 20,000 y amounting to $100,000
1 do ......... 20 000 [
1 do ......... 20,000 J
1 do ......... 10,000')
1 do ......... 10,000 |
1 do ......... 10,000 )> amounting to $50,000
1 do ......... 10,000 |
1 do ......... 10,000_j
Also,
1 prize of................... $4,093
70 * do ............................... 1,000
80 do ...... 500
125 do (being the lowest 3 Nos.)........ 400
&c. &c. &c.
78 number lottery—13 drawn ballots.
Tickets$15—halves $7 50—quarters$3 75—eighths$l 87|.
Certificate of a package of 26 whole tickets $200 00
Do do of 26 half do 100 00
Do do of 26 quarter do 50 00
Do do of 26 eighth do 25 00
35,000 Dollars !
ALEXANDRIA LOTTERY,
Class No. 73 for 1847.
To be drawn at Alexandria, Saturday, November 13, 1847.
SPLENDID SCHEME.
1 prize of.......$35, )00
1 do............14,000
1 do.............7,000
1 do.............5,000
1 do.............4,000
1 prize of.......$3,870
10 do...........2,000
25 do...........1,000
25 do........... 500
&c. &e. &c.
75 number lottery—13 drawn ballots.
Tickets $10—Halves $5—Quarters $2.50.
Certificates of packages ot 25 whole tickets $130 00
Do do 25 half do 65 00
Do do 25 quarter do 32 50
$30,200—-2 prizes of $10,000 I
ALEXANDRIA LOTTERY,
Class No. 75 for 1847.
To be drawn at Alexandria, Saturday, November 20, 1847.
CAPITALS.
1 prize of....
1 1 prize of...
1 do ....
| 1 do ...
1 do ....
140 do ...
1 do ....
| 40 do
&e. &c.
75 Number Lottery—12 Ballots.
Tickets $fo—Halves $5—Quarters $2.50.
Certificates of packages of 25 whole tickets $130 00
Do do 25 half do 65 00
Do do 25 quarter do 32 50
Magnificent Lottery for November 27, 1817.
Capital prize $75,000 !
25,000 Dollars ! 15,000 Dollars!
1(10 prizes of $1,000 amounting to $100,000
237 do 500 “ 118.500
14 drawn numbers in each package of 26 Mckets.
ALEXANDRIA LOTTERY,
Class T for 1847.
To be drawn at Alexandria, Saturday, November 27, 1847,
(Under the superintendence ot Commissioners.)
J. W. MAURY & CO., Managers.
(Successors to J. G. Gregory & Co.)
78 Number Lottery—14 Ballots.
MAMMOTH SCHEME.
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
15
100 prizes of.. .$1,000
500
200
150
100
60
40
20
1 prize of.......$75,000
do......... 25,000 237 do.
do......... 15,000 64 do.
do......... 10,000 64 do.
dQ......... 8,000 64 do.
do......... 7,000 128 do.
do......... 5,096 5,504 do.
do......... 2,000 28,224 do.
do......... 1,500
Tickets $20—Halves $10—Quarters $5—Eighths $2 50.
Certificates of packages of 26 whole tickets $240 00
Do do° 26 half do 1
Do do 26 quarter do GO 00
Do do 26 eighth do 30 00
Orders for tickets and shares and certificates of packages in
the above splendid Lotteries will receive the most prompt at-
tention, and an official account of each drawing sent imme-
diately U'ter it is over to all who order irom us.^Adffless
Agents for J. W. Maury & Co., Managers,
oct 27~d&eiftd Washmgton, D. G.
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National Intelligencer. (Washington [D.C.]), Vol. 48, No. 6995, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 28, 1847, newspaper, October 28, 1847; Washington, District of Columbia. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1007622/m1/4/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .