The New Ulm Enterprise (New Ulm, Tex.), Vol. 35, No. 11, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 21, 1944 Page: 2 of 16
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-----WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS-------
Civil Strife Rages in Greece;
Set Vise for Japs on Leyte;
Quake Shakes Tokyo District
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As train lies at bottom of Moselle river after plunging through wrecked
bridge, French youth scramble over debris to salvage food from can.
EUROPE:
Civil Strife
Added to the Allied military bur-
den in Europe was the political
problem posed by Leftist rebellion
in Greece.
Started when Leftist liberation
guerrilla forces refused to surrender
their arms on the ground that Pre-
mier Papandreou’s Rightist ele-
ments were allowed to retain theirs,
the uprising brought British troops
into action to restore order.
Situated just north of the Suez
canal, Greece commands this vital
waterway route linking Britian’s
eastern empire with its homeland;
and for this reason, London has
taken the greatest interest in condi-
tions there.
To assure its position about
Suez, the British have backed
Papandreou’s Rightist elements as
against the Leftists, including Com-
munists. In calling British troops in-
to action to suppress the rampaging
Leftist elements, British Maj. Gen.
R. M. Scobie declared: "... I
stand firmly behind the constitution-
al government and shall aid them
to the limit of my resources until
the Greek state can be reestablished
with lawful armed forces behind
ft. ... ”
Nazi Strategy
In heavy fighting on both Euro-
pean fronts, the Allies continued to
punch forward, with the U. S. 3rd
army taking the spotlight away from
the 1st and 9th in the west in its
drive into the vital coal-laden Saar
basin
As a result of General Patton’s
smash into the Saar, the great in-
dustrial city of Saarbrucken was
brought under the muzzle of heavy
U. S. artillery fire, with many parts
aflame.
The 3rd army claimed the lime-
light as the 1st and 9th U. S. armies
slackened their heavy pressure
east of Aachen, where the German
high command, under Field Mar-
shall von Rundstedt, had concen-
trated its major strength to com-
bat General Eisenhower's great
drive, which carried within 22 miles
of the Rhine.
Big question in the mind of Al-
lied strategists was how long could
the Nazi high command continue to
General Eisenhower (left) eonler. wlUi
Field Marahal Mixl<o*»ry I* Hollaed,
manipulate its forces to ward off a
decisive break-through at any one
spot. Although the enemy was said
to have about 8,000,000 inen afield
in both the east and west, only
•bout 1,250.000 were said to be
crack troops.
That the enemy has few troops to
spare is evidenced by his tactics in
the Balkans, where the retreat to-
ward the Austrian border promises
to draw up all of his troops
presently strung out along the Hun-
garian and Yugoslav border. In addi
tion, reports from Italy indicated a
German retirement in that country.
As the Nazis reformed their lines
in Hungary, flying Red columns ad-
vanced to within 13 miles south of
Budapest, where civilians were put
to work digging entrenchments for a
last ditch stand.
MEAT INCOME
The income from meat animals
will reach an all-time record this
year, approximating one-third of
the total farm income, or more than
8Vi billion dollars, George M Lewis,
director of marketing of the Ameri-
can Meat institute, predicted.
Tracing the trends of livestock
production for 1945. Lewis said the
United States department of agri-
culture estimates the marketings of
cattie and calves will be about 35
million head, or a million more than
th's year, the highest on record.
PACIFIC:
Fasten Vise
Striking again with characteristic
suddenness, Gen. Douglas MacAr-
thur moved the 77th division ashore
below Ormoc under the heavy pro-
tective cover of U. S. naval guns,
cutting the Japanese defenders on
the northwestern shore of Leyte in
half.
The general's move came after
bad weather, coupled with stiff ene-
my resistance from strong hill en-
trenchments, bogged the American
drive on Ormoc from the north and
south. As the 77th secured its beach-
head below Ormoc, the huge LSTs
dumped supplies ashore, the gen-
eral was able to apply both frontal
and rearward pressure on Japanese
troops operating in the sector.
Prior to the American landing be-
low Ormoc, U. S. artillery opened
a heavy bombardment on enemy po-
sitions to the north and south, draw-
ing strong Jap reinforcements to
both areas to counter infantry move-
ment. Then, as their withdrawals
weakened their positions about Or-
moc, MacArthur struck.
Even as the 77th was hitting the
beaches below Ormoc, U. S. fliers
wiped out a Japanese convoy, bear-
ing 4,000 troops, which was headed
for Leyte.
EARTHQUAKE:
Rocks Japan
Centering in the Sea of Enshu,
100 miles southeast of Tokyo, an
earthquake, so powerful that its
tremors threw a recording ma-
chine in London out of gear,
struck Japan, causing serious
loss.
Without immediately reveal-
ing the exaet extent of damage,
the Japanese reported that the
tremors caused landslides, eav-
ing-in houses and streets along
a 150-mile belt across the main
island of Honshu. Huge tidal
waves rolling in from the Sea
of Enshu flooded coastal dis-
tricts below Tokyo, deluging
homes.
Although the Japanese claimed
that the quake did not damage
their war industry centered
around the Tokyo district, they
remained silent about the effect
that the mounting tidal wave
had upon their all-important
shipping, a-sea and at port.
HELP WANTED:
Seek Arms Speed-Up
. Once deeply concerned with re-
conversion. government officials
have once again swung their prin-
cipal attention back to war produc-
tion, what with munitions shortages
on the battlefronts threatening de-
velopment of mounting Allied at-
tacks.
With 300,000 workers needed in
munitions plants, labor became the
No. 1 consideration of officials, with
War Manpower Commissioner Paul
V. McNutt calling for intensive re-
cruiting of women; transfer of em-
ployees within a plant to more es-
sential jobs; channelling of workers
to more important industries; dis-
couragement of labor turnover, and
suspension of manpower authoriza-
tions for civilian production.
Of the 300.000 people needed, Mc-
Nutt said. 130.000 were for heavy
and small arms munitions. Indus-
tries requiring the remainder in-
clude air - borne radar; assault,
transport and cargo ships; tank ma-
terials; cotton duck for tenting;
heavy artillery, trucks and tires,
and B-29 Superfortresses.
Better Bossies
A study of artificial breeding just
completed by New Jersey State col-
lege of agriculture gives conclusive
evidence that the science has pro-
gressed to the point where it can be
adopted on a nation wide scale. Dr.
J W. Bartlett said.
The study just completed in New
Jersey shows that 120 "artificial”
cows, bred from outstanding bulls,
produced W.3 more milk and 14 per
cent more butterfat
THE NEW ULM ENTERPRISE. THURSDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1944
SENATE:
Hit Appointments
Plans to hurry through the ap-
pointments of Joseph C. Grew as
Undersecretary of State and Wil-
liam L. Clayton, Nelson Rockefeller
and Archibald MacLeiah as assist-
ant secretaries in the department
struck a snag in the senate, where
a rebellious contingent forced hear-
ings to .be held on the principals*
ifltness for the offices.
Leading the attack was Ken-
tucky's “Happy” Chandler, who, in
referring to the appointments of
Businessmen Clayton and Rockefel-
ler, declared: "... I was told
that the poor folks would be given
opportunities as a result of the elec-
tion. . . . Instead of the poor peo-
ple obtaining the jobs, the Will
Street boys are getting them. . .
In pressing for confirmation of the
appointments, Texas’ Tom Connally
decried the allegation that business
interests would use their position to
influence policy, declaring: "...
Every senator who knows the Pres-
ident knows that he is going to dom-
inate toe foreign policy of this gov-
ernment. . . ."
Stiffen Policy
First official act of Secretary of
State Edward Stettinius was to blast
at Britain's and Russia’s maneuver-
ing in liberated European countries
to establish governments favorable
to their interests.
Declaring ", . We expect the
Italians to work out their problems
of government along democratic
lines without influence from out-
side . . Stettinius aimed his
blast at Britain’s objections to the
naming of Count Carlo Sforza as
foreign minister in a new Italian
administration. Britain’s attitude, it
was said, was the result of Sforza’s
anti-monarchical tendencies.
Although not specifically men-
tioned, Russia could get no comfort
from Stettinius' statement, which in-
directly hit at Moscow's political ac-
tivities in reoccupied countries by
declaring: "... This policy would
apply to an even more pronounced
degree with regard to governments
of the United Nations in their lib-
erated territories ...”
FARM YOUTH:
Win Honors
In events at Chicago, Ill., atten-
tion was focused on the nation’s out-
standing young
farmers: 18 - year -
old Donald Mowery,
Terre Haute, Ind.,
4 - H achievement
winner, and 17-year-
old Ben Greve, Bry-
ant, Iowa, raiser of
the Chicago Mar-
ket Fat Stock grand
champion.
Left fatherless at
16, Mowery took
over operation of
the family’s 58
acres, and through
purchase of modem
equipment, rented
and shared an addi-
tional 112 acres, be-
sides doing custom
work. When bad
weather set him
back a week last
summer, he toiled 130 hours the
next, making it up. In nine years
of farming, Mowery has earned
nearly $14,000.
Equally enterprising, Greve
paid $91 for a 650 pound Hereford
calf in New Mexico, and fattened
it up to 1,170 pounds at 20 cents a
pound before toting it to the Chi-
cago show. There, the steer won the
junior and grand championships,
brining Greve $585 in prize money,
before being bought at auction by
the Firetone Tire and Rubber com-
pany for $5265.
SEAWAY:
Back Again
Rejected as a treaty requiring a
two-third vote by the senate in 1934,
the $421,000,000 St. Lawrence Sea-
way project, providing a complete
waterway link from the Great Lakes
to the Atlantic ocean, bobbed up
again in the upper house, this time
in the form of an agreement re-
quiring a simple majority.
Calling for construction of dams,
canals and water-works at an ex-
pense of $277,000,000 to the U. S.
and $144,000,000 to Canada, the proj-
ect was to be introduced as an
amendment to the rivers and har-
bor bill by Sen. George Aiken (Vt.).
One of President Roosevelt’s pet
projects, the St. Lawrence Seaway
has been the subject of lively dis-
cussion, with advocates charging
private power interests with block-
ing its passage, and opponents claim-
ing that only Canada stood to benefit
from it. Aiken’s attempt to pass
the project as an agreement rather
than a treaty further fanned the
flames, with opponents stressing
that anything as vital to our inter-
national relations properly deserved
the extended support of the country
as a whole, as exemplified in a two-
third senate vote.
Down Under , . .
part of its plan to improv* gcnrrul
living conditions for New Guinea natives,
Australian authorities have established
medical schools in the territory at which
natives are taught to diagnose common mal-
adies and to use treatments for them. Les-
sons are given by Australian doctors in
Moluun and pidgin. Here is a sample of a
lesson in pidgin. The doctor asks: "Sup
pose head he pain, skin he hot, backside
he pain, he nn like kuikai (food)- what
name belong this fellow something?** And
with reasonable regularity the doclo* will
get back the reply "malaria."
Don Mowery
and Ben Greve
Washington Digests
Hull's Trade Principles
Backed by Stettinius
New Policy Shapes as State Department Is
Remodeled to Attend to United States
Commercial Interests.
By BAUKHAGE
Newt Analyst and Commentator
WNU Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington, D. C.
One of my punster colleagues
asked the question the other day: Is
there any significance as far as
United States foreign policy is con-
cerned, in the fact that the nick-
name of Edward Stettinius, the new
secretary of state, is “Stet”?
(For the benefit of you who do
not handle type or typewriters,
“stet” means “let it stand” and is
usually written beside a sentence
or paragraph in a manuscript which
had been marked out by error.)
Observers have already expressed
the opinion that the policies of Sec-
retary of State Hull, resigned, will
undoubtedly be carried out by his
successor but many have over-
looked the fact that the two men
have in common a certain “for-
mula” which is characteristic of the
most important trend in the state
department policy of recent years.
Although it was perhaps his char-
acter and his integrity which did
more than anything else to carve
the name of Cordell Hull deep in the
annals of American statesmanship,
those qualities were not the only
ones which influenced President
Roosevelt when he chose the stal-
wart Tennesseean to occupy the
highest office in the cabinet.
Most important recommendation
was Cordell Hull’s long and single-
minded study of, and the complete-
ness of his belief in, the im-
portance of international commer-
cial relations and the vital role they
play in the whole economic struc-
ture of domestic as well as world
affairs.
I have dealt with that philosophy
of Secretary Hull frequently in these
columns. Suffice it to say that the
war and the study of postwar prob-
lems has already proved the neces-
sity of international trade agree-
ments, one concrete product of this
theory which the secretary espoused
so whole-heartedly.
The trend is generally recognized,
but not many persons realize how
the growing importance of commer-
cial negotiations on the highest dip-
lomatic level has revolutionized the
functions of the state department.
Still more important is the fact that
an awakened interest in the impor-
tance of international trade is
actually creating a United States
foreign policy, something which dip-
lomatists have always declared
never really existed in the sense
that other nations have fixed poli-
cies in dealing with their neighbor
nations.
The link between Secretary Stet-
tinius and his predecessor is based
upon this same influence. Both men,
despite their highly different back-
grounds, have a similar "formula”
—the formula for relating Ameri-
can trade to American diplomacy.
This is an innovation in our for-
eign service where a tradition of
protocol has grown up in an atmos-
phere bordering on snobbishness
and so far removed from the marts
of trade that it looked down its dip-
lomatic nose at business.
Secretary Hull was the first man
to head out state department who
believed that trade relations have
in them the roots of war and peace.
Edward Stettinius is the first secre-
tary of state who comes to the office
with a training in industry. (He left
the chairmanship of the board of the
United States Steel corporation to
join the committee of national de-
fense.)
So much for the innovations in
the viewpoints of the past and pres-
ent heads of the state department.
Now consider the material change in
its organization.
New Functions
Added to Office
When I sat down the other day
and ran over some of the new of-
fices and divisions and branches that
are sheltered beneath the old rococ-
co rooftree which were not even a
wink in the most progressive states-
man’s eye when I first walked its
marble corridors. I had quite a
shock.
There would be nothing to raise
the eyebrow of past secretaries of
state, of a Hay or Hughes, a Kel-
logg or even a Madison—in the
items now officially listed—such as
the direction of our 35 embassies
and 23 legations, nor the description
of the duties of ambassadors, minis-
ters and consular officers, nor the
head of protocol or of the divisions
which deal with passports and
treaties. They all fit into' he tradi-
tional atmosphere of gold seals, tail
coats and top hats.
But what about aviation and ship-
ping?
And what about the whole great,
new office of “wartime economic ac-
tivity,” many of whose functions
will be continued when peace comes.
Here is lodged the responsibility for
“initiation” — that means the alpha
and the omega—of the coordination
not only of “policy” but of "action”
on such a highly businesslike mat-
ter as the procurement of all essen-
tial war materials from foreign
countries.
You may be the lowliest or the
mightiest of importers or exporters,
but if you wish to buy or sell such
materials you will have to talk with
a representative of the department
of state.
Then there is a complete "office of
economic affairs.” Here again
action as well as policy concerning
“protection and promotion of all
American commercial and agricul-
tural interests” in foreign nations is
initiated — that sounds more like
Kansas City or Madison avenue or
Wall street than Pennsylvania ave-
nue or Downing street.
And those are only part of a mod-
ern diplomat's duties. There is also
the tariff, trade treaties and agree-
ments and international commercial
policy as well, in just one division
of the office of economic affairs.
In addition, there is a monetary
division, and (believe it or not) la-
bor relations and another separate
unit to deal with—that essential to
the American home (when it gets
on wheels again)—petroleum.
How we have departed from the
haughty aloofness that sneered at
vulgar trade! The spats and the
monocles have been laid aside and
the gentlemen once referred to by
the cynical as “cooky-pushers” have
gotten right down to the brass tacks
of everyday life, and the activities
shared by America's millions.
Foreign Policy
Mutt Interest Nation
And that brings me to the last ob-
servation which is the most impor-
tant: the formation of a definite
American foreign policy.
The reason why we have had “no
foreign policy" in the past is be-
cause the people have been too busy
with their own affairs to demand any
special treatment for other coun-
tries except that they be let alone.
But increasingly since World War I,
the people have come to realize that
the consequences of acta of govern-
ment which affect other nations are
very likely to re-act on the individ
ual American's private affairs.
It is fairly well established by this
time that one reason why we had a
depression in the '30s was that the
world went broke and wouldn't buy
from us. Less broadly realized but
growing clearer to most people is
the fact that although we loaned
money abroad to nations with which
to buy their goods, when we refused
to buy their goods (shut them out
with high tariffs) they couldn't earn
the money to repay us. Then they
went broke and we lost our trade as
well as our money. Other na-
tions which might have bought spent
their money to get ready for a war
which eventually stopped all buying
Now many of the best business
brains of the country have waked
up to the fact that if this nation is
going to achieve prosperity aftei
the war, it is going to have some
thing to say about a foreign policy
that will produce a stable world.
In a democracy there can be no
foreign policy unless the people
make it, and — unless foreign af-
fairs become personal affairs, the
people do not express themselves
Their public servants do the best
they can in the short period of their
terms or periods of influence. The
permanent members of the foreign
service move along according to a
pattern which has little to do with
the swift vicissitudes of present
day life and, until recently, no more
attuned to the healthy and human
sounds and scenes in field and mar-
ket-place than an ancient princeling
surrounded by courtiers and serv-
ing-men.
B R I E F S . . . by Baukhage
The Japs are now calling us “al-
bino baboons." Well, they are pretty
much experts when it comes to mon-
key business.
• • •
Some people are saying that
Harry Hopkins was too lavish in
granting lend-lease demands to for-
eign nations. And all the time we
thought he was the president's "no-
man "
A reduction has been ordered in
the import ceiling of bananas. All
right as long as the skins stay above
the sidewalk level.
• • •
The number of civilian govern-
ment employees declined 2,282 m
October, but don’t worry. They were
all in war agencies. Other agencies
increased by 4.358. Still a little con
grcssional pie for distribution.
CLASSIFIED
HELP WANTED
• Persona asw engaged ia essential
iaduatry will not apply without atate-
meat •/ availability Irons their local
United States Employment Smiu.
HELPERS, APPRENTICES. LABORERS
Good jobs for mon. Opportunity to learn
machinist. molder, welder trades. Must not
be subject to Immediate draft. Apply em-
ployment office In person. ALAMO IRON
WORKS. SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS.
LARGE DEPARTMENT STORE has open-
ing for Assistant Manager tn Children's
Shoe Department. Must be experienced tn
Atting children's shoes, and permanently
located. Write M. LICHTENSTEIN A
SONS. Bex SSS. Cerpes Christi* Texas,
giving age. experience and reference.
BARBER WANTED—Extra good proposi-
tion for good sober man. Working condi-
tions ideal. Phone or write. JAS.
WHEELE88. Bex SSS, Bosenberg. Texas.
WANTED — Structural Designers and
Draftsmen. CENTRAL ENGINEERING
OFFICE, if 10 Toxas Ave.. Houston. Texas.
WANTED—Exporloneed Retoaebor
Pay good wages. CA8A8OLA STUDIO.
Sil S. El Faso St.. EL FASO. TEXAS.
WANTED—CANDY MAKER and Candy
Maker's Helpers. Apply JENNER MFG.
CO.. 811 8. Flores St.. San Antonio. Toxas.
BROKERS
DO YOU WANT TO SELL Year Booinooof
We have an organization trained to sell any
type of business quickly and for cash.
JACK B. WATTS CO.. 836 E. Frederteka-
bsrg Road. Pb. G-7633. Saa Antonio. Tex.
ELECTRIC HEATERS
ELECTRIC HEATERS
No priority. Heavy duty reconditioned,
movable. 110 volt electric heaters. Plug tn
any receptable. One will heat average
bedroom. Price 828.75. Express prepaid.
ELLIOTT OIL CO. - Pino Bleff. Ark.
"Pine Bluff Wants Small Industries."
FARMS AND RANCHES
ISO-ACRE FARM-RANCH 823 per acre;
130 cultivation, balance pasture; well wa-
tered; deal with owner. BEN 8. TURNEY.
Weldon. Hosston Coanty. Toxas.
STOCK FARM—Deal with owner direct on
412 acre stock farm. 8 mi. N. W. of Merid-
ian. Texas, on Highway 67. well watered,
good Improvements. REA. Call or write.
H. F. POTTER. Meridian. Toxas
for particulars and appointment.
FOR SALE—183*4 acre farm, near Ber-
tram. 85 acres cultivation, well improved
sheep-proof fences. Price 835 acre.
ELLIS RAT Btriran, Toxas.
FEATHERS WANTED
TURKEY FEATHERS WANTED
White turkey body, wing and tall feathers
bring highest prices when shipped to N.
PRITIK1N A CO.. Dept. TA. IM N. Aber-
deen St. Chicago 7. lulaale.
FOOT BALM
KLEEN-FOOT BALM
Relieves your foot troubles, cracks, odor,
etc. Large size SI. money-back guarantee.
KLEEN-FOOT BALM CO.
•IS Travio Blvd.. San Antonio. Toxas.
FOR SALE____
8 .SOS. 8-0 al lea Cans—7-ft >• Flues—5 tons
Steel Cubing—Burlap Bags and Bushel
Baskets. Battery Salvage Co.. 1*18 S.
Frees. Saa Antonio. Texas. Phono K-SM1.
FOR SALE-About 1.000 vinegar and pickle
barrels; some with one head and some
With two Write TEXAS CONSUMERS
COMPANY. INC.. GALVESTON. TEXAS.
RANCH LOANS
ALWAYS PLENTY OF MONEY for ranch
loans 4 to 5% easy terms WILLIAM H.
BICKEL. Box 481. Saa Angelo. Texas.
STORE TO RENT
OWN YOUR OWN GROCERY. Have loca-
tion good for any business, adjoining suc-
cessful fruit, vegetable and meat markets,
at busiest Houston bus stop. 1103 Congress.
Only 840 month rent. Apply Maxwell.
SHIPLEY DO-NUT, 1718 Hooeton Ave..
Hooston. Texas. Phone H-IMS day or eight.
USED ARMY GOODS
U. S. Army Issue Surplus
used merchandise at great bargain price*.
34,000 pairs shoes, no ration stamp needed,
82.15 20 000 raincoats 82 15. 2.000 soft
feather pillows 90c. Meskfts 40c, canteens
40c, cups 25c. fatigue hats 25c. Also 10,000
new U. S. Army extra heavy 4 lbs. 6 os.
olive drab, single, eotton blankets, size
• by 7 feet, red hot bargains 83.15. real
Christmas presents. All postage prepaid.
No C O D.’s. Send money order.
BLANK'S EXCHANGE
Wichita Falls Texas.
WANTED TO BUY_
WANTED—Any quantity, at good prices.
Soft flour, hard flour, shortening, cooking
oil. sugar, and gelatine.
P. O. BOX 1076 Heseten 1. Texas.
Early Camouflage
Camouflage is not a modern war
weapon. Shakespeare, in Scene
IV, Act V, of “Macbeth,” writes:
“Let every soldier hew him down
a bough, and bear’t before him;
thereby shalt we shadow the num-
bers of our host and make dis-
covery err in report of us."
WNU—P
51—44
CHILDREN’S COLDS’ COUGHING
quickly relieved by Penetro—
Grandma'* old-time mutton euet
idea developed by modern ecien
in toaoounler-irntant, vaporinn
salve that bring! quick, comfo
ing relief. 25c, double eixe 35c.
* Preserve Our Liberty
Buy U. S. War Bonds
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The New Ulm Enterprise (New Ulm, Tex.), Vol. 35, No. 11, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 21, 1944, newspaper, December 21, 1944; New Ulm, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1208647/m1/2/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Nesbitt Memorial Library.