Soil Survey of Dallas County, Texas Page: 70
vii, 153 p., 70 fold. p. of plates : ill., maps ; 29 cm.View a full description of this book.
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SOIL SURVEY
(2) American Society for Testing and Materials. 1974.
Method for classification of soils for engineering
purposes. ASTM Stand. D 2487-69. In Annual Book
of ASTM Standards, Part 19, 464 pp., illus.
(3) Texas Conservation Needs Committee. 1970. Con-
servation needs inventory. USDA-SCS publ., 297
pp., illus.
(4) United States Department of Agriculture. 1924. Soil
survey of Dallas County, Texas. 46 pp., illus.
(5) United States Department of Agriculture. 1951. Soil
survey manual. U.S. Dep. Agric. Handb. 18, 503 pp.,
illus. [Supplements replacing pp. 173-188 issued
May 1962]
(6) United States Department of Agriculture. 1975. Soil
taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. Soil Conserv.
Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric. Handb. 436, 754 pp., illus.
Glossary
ABC soil. A soil having an A, a B, and a C horizon.
Aeration, soil. The exchange of air in soil with air from
the atmosphere. The air in a well aerated soil is
similar to that in the atmosphere; the air in a poorly
aerated soil is considerably higher in carbon dioxide
and lower in oxygen.
Aggregate, soil. Many fine particles held in a single
mass or cluster. Natural soil aggregates, such as
granules, blocks, or prisms, are called peds. Clods
are aggregates produced by tillage or logging.
Alluvium. Material, such as sand, silt, or clay, deposited
on land by streams.
Available water capacity (available moisture capac-
Ity). The capacity of soils to hold water available for
use by most plants. It is commonly defined as the
difference between the amount of soil water at field
moisture capacity and the amount at wilting point. It
is commonly expressed as inches of water per inch
of soil. The capacity, in inches, in a 60-inch profile
or to a limiting layer is expressed as-
Inches
V ery low ...............................................................0 to 3
Low ........................................ ........... 3to6
M oderate ................................................................. 6 to 9
H igh....................................................................9 to 12
Very high................................................... M ore than 12
Bedrock. The solid rock that underlies the soil and other
unconsolidated material or that is exposed at the
surface.
Bench terrace. A raised, level or nearly level strip of
earth constructed on or nearly on a contour, sup-
ported by a barrier of rocks or similar material, and
designed to make the soil suitable for tillage and to
prevent accelerated erosion.
Bottom land. The normal flood plain of a stream, sub-
ject to flooding.
Calcareous soil. A soil containing enough calcium car-
bonate (commonly combined with magnesium car-bonate) to effervesce visibly when treated with cold,
dilute hydrochloric acid.
Cation. An ion carrying a positive charge of electricity.
The common soil cations are calcium, potassium,
magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen.
Cation-exchange capacity. The total amount of ex-
changeable cations that can be held by the soil,
expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100 grams
of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated
pH value. The term, as applied to soils, is synony-
mous with base-exchange capacity, but is more pre-
cise in meaning.
Clay. As a soil separate, the mineral soil particles less
than 0.002 millimeter in diameter. As a soil textural
class, soil material that is 40 percent or more clay,
less than 45 percent sand, and less than 40 percent
silt.
Clay film. A thin coating of oriented clay on the surface
of a soil aggregate or lining pores or root channels.
Synonyms: clay coating, clay skin.
Claypan. A slowly permeable soil horizon that contains
much more clay than the horizons above it. A clay-
pan is commonly hard when dry and plastic or stiff
when wet.
Climax vegetation. The stabilized plant community on a
particular site. The plant cover reproduces itself and
does not change so long as the environment re-
mains the same.
Coarse fragments. Mineral or rock particles 2 millime-
ters to 25 centimeters (10 inches) in diameter.
Coarse textured soil. Sand or loamy sand.
Colluvium. Soil material, rock fragments, or both moved
by creep, slide, or local wash and deposited at the
base of steep slopes.
Complex slope. Irregular or variable slope. Planning or
constructing terraces, diversions, and other water-
control measures on a complex slope is difficult.
Complex, soil. A map unit of two or more kinds of soil in
such an intricate pattern or so small in area that it is
not practical to map them separately at the selected
scale of mapping. The pattern and proportion of the
soils are somewhat similar in all areas.
Compressible (in tables). Excessive decrease in volume
of soft soil under load.
Concretions. Grains, pellets, or nodules of various
sizes, shapes, and colors consisting of concentrated
compounds or cemented soil grains. The composi-
tion of most concretions is unlike that of the sur-
rounding soil. Calcium carbonate and iron oxide are
common compounds in concretions.
Consistence, soil. The feel of the soil and the ease with
which a lump can be crushed by the fingers. Terms
commonly used to describe consistence are-
Loose.-Noncoherent when dry or moist; does not
hold together in a mass.
Friable.-When moist, crushes easily under gentle
pressure between thumb and forefinger and can be
pressed together into a lump.70
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Map displays soil types along with creeks, towns, schools, churches, power transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines, roads, and railroads. Includes legend and symbols. Scale 1:253,400
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Coffee, Daniel R. Soil Survey of Dallas County, Texas, book, 1980; Washington D.C.. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth130211/m1/80/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.