The Union Review (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 36, Ed. 1 Friday, January 16, 1925 Page: 1 of 4
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PLACE YOUR MONEY, WITH THE
Local Voice of the
AMERICAN
FEDERATION
OF LABOR
Endorsed by the Texas State Federation of Labor.
ASCRIPTION, $1.50 PER YEAR
GALVESTON, TEXAS, FRIDAY, JANUARY 16, 1925.
VOL. 6—No. 36—Price 5c.
(By International Labor News Service.)
Red are the mists about me,
O-
"»
today equals the value of all the
There were a lot area
have been improved.
The
San Francisco.—The California fed-
costly
the most
Treasury Mellon as
5 % on Amounts under $500.00
6% on Amounts of $500.00
the
or
/
7
PRISON CHIEF ACCUSED
BY COLORADO GOVERNOR
Guaranty Building &
Loan Co.
PHYSICIANS REFUSE TO
BE STANDARDIZED
MANY UNION EXECUTIVES
PASSED ON IN YEAR 1924
INCOME TAX IN A NUT-
SHELL.
YOUR INCOME TAX.
No. 1.
More than half beaten, but fearless.
Facing the storm and the night,
Breathless and bleeding, but tearless,
Here in the thick of the fight,
I, who bow before thee,
God of the fighting clan,
With fists uplifted I implore thee,
Oh, give me the heart of a man.
INCOMPETENT MINERS
CAUSE LOSS OF LIFE
COLORED AND WHITE TO
WORSHIP TOGETHER
POSTAL EMPLOYES LOSE
WAGE FIGHT; “LAME DUCKS"
AND “PAP” TRIUMPH
What though I live with the winners,
Or perish with those who fall,
Only the cowards are sinners,
Fighting the fight is all.
Proud is my foe, he advances,
Snapped is my blade, oh Lord;
See the proud banners and lances.
Oh spare me this stub of a sword.
------------o-------
DEMAND SHORTER HOURS.
Che Knion Review
Official Organ of Galveston Labor Council, Dock and Marine Council
and Affiliated Unions
NIEHARDT POEM WAS FAVORITE I
OF GOMPERS I
-----------o--------------
TRICKY TAXPAYERS
CHEAT GOVERNMENT
return, accompanied by at least one-
fourth of the amount of tax due, must
be filed with the collector of internal
tax on the next $4,000. Six per cent
normal tax on the balance of net
income. Surtax on net income in ex-
cess of $10,000.
Washington, D. C.—The death rate in
the United States decreased in 1924, ac-
cording to the census bureau. The rate
last year was 125 per 10,000, compared
with 130 in 1923.
Seattle, Wash.—“The disastrous ex-
. plosion that occurred in the Burnett
mine last week brings afresh to mind
' the constant menace of the continued
operation of deep and dangerous coal
mines in Washington by inexperienced
outsiders,” says the State Labor News.
“The Burnett mine, like the Carbo-
REACTION ALWAYS SEEKING
FAVORS, BUT PLEADS
“NO GOVERNMENT AID”
of unnecessary managers who should
have been discharged, but who were
not discharged, when the roads were
united into one system, but notwith-
standing that fact the efficiency in the
operation of these railroads improved
very greatly over the private operation
that preceded it.
“Not only that, but in the 10 months
following the turning back of the rail-
revenue for the district in which
taxpayer has his legal residence
has his principal place of business.
---0--
CO-OP. PLAN GROWS.
eration of labor protests against the has been blamed by Secretary of the
latest economy plan of the state indus- Treasury Mellon as the most coul-
Washington, D. C.—Samuel Gompers was fond of quoting :
freely from the poets in his writings and addresses. One of 3
his favorite poems in times of stress and the one which he 3
quoted frequently in public addresses was written by John :
Niehardt. It follows: 3
New York, N. Y.—The Compressed
Air Workers’ union has notified muni-
cipal officials that hours must be reduc-
ed before they will accept employement
on the new tunnel under East River.
Compressed air workers labor under
air pressure far below the bottom of the
river. Many of them die because of an
occupational disease known as “bends.”
railroads in the United States.
“This private initiative which has
received so much eulogy all the time,”
said Senator Brookhart, “we find
largely exercising itself in getting sub-
sidies and favors from the government
either in cash, in land grants, or some-
times in laws that favor the business
enterprise in which they may be en-
gaged. ” _______________________
Galveston, Texas, January 12, 1925.
The regular meeting of the Galveston
Labor Council was called to order
promptly at 8 o’clock, with President
Martin Ohnstein presiding. All officers
present except Treasurer H. N. Denton,
he being excused on account of having
to work.
The minutes from the last regular
meeting were read and approved as read.
There were sixteen locals represented,
and as the meeting was open to all un-
ion men in good standing, we had fif-
teen visitors.
A letter from the Moving Picture Op-
erators was received and filed.
Bro. J. M. Potts from the Painters
No. 585 was elected to represent that
local in the Council. Brother Potts be-
ing sick was unable to attend this meet-
ing, but will be present at the next regu-
lar meeting.
A card of thanks was received from
the Executive Council of the American
Federation of Labor for the respect
Washington, D. C.—The year just
closed witnessed the passing of an un-
usually large number of trade union ex-
ecutives. These included:
nue for the district in which the per-
son lives or has his principal place of
business;
HOW? Instructions on Form 1040A
and Form 1040; also the law and
regulations.
WHAT? Two per cent normal tax
on the first $4,000 of net income in
excess of the personal exemptions
and credits. Four per cent normal
Washington.—The sneering reference
to “the dead hand of the government,”
so often made by reaction, was answer-
ed in a spirited manner by Senator
Brookhart, who showed that the men
who make this claim are always asking
the government for favors.
He called attention to a report by
Director General of Railroads McAdoo
that when the United States took over
the railroads during the war “there
was not a reserve locomotive in the
United States—not one.”
“They were all in service or out of
commission,” Mr. Brookhart pointed
out. “In three months Mr. McAdoo
had 1,200 locomotives in reserve and
he handled more freight in that period
of three months than was being handled
before. He united these roads into one
great system and increased their effici-
ency by a large percentage. I will
concede that his management might
WHO? Single persons who had net
income of $1,000 or more or gross
income of' $5,000 or more, and mar-
ried couples who had net income of
$2,500 or more or gross income of
$5,000 or more must file returns.
WHEN? The filing period is from
January 1 to March 15, 1925.
WHERE? Collector of internal reve-
Your income tax for the year 1924
is less, in proportion to your income,
than was the tax for 1923. A rate re-
duction, however, is not the only bene-
fit afforded by the revenue act of 1924.
Increase in the exemption for married
persons, a 25 per cent reduction on
“earned income,” and other changes
in revenue legislation are of immediate
interest to every taxpayer.
The revenue act of 1924 requires
that returns be filed by every single
person whose net income for 1924 was
$1,000 or more, or whose gross income
was $5,000 or more, and by every mar-
ried couple whose aggregate net in-
come was $2,500 or more, or whose
aggregate gross income was $5,000 or
more. Last year returns were re-
quired of married couples whose ag-
gregate net income was $2,000 or more.
Husband and wife, living together, may
include the income of each. in a single
joint return, or each may file a separate
return showing the income of each
Net income is gross income less cer-
tain specified reductions for business
expenses, losses, bad debts, contribu-
tions, etc.
The period for filing returns is from
Minneapolis, Minn.—Federal District
Judge Wilbur Booth has upheld the
Duluth street car company’s demand
that it be permitted to charge a
straight 6-cent fare. The company is
operating on a 5-cent franchise. By a
referendum vote the Duluth voters re-
fused to change this rate and insisted
that the company live up to its con-
tract. The company then induced the
legislature to vest a commission with
power to fix rates. The company then
appealed to the commission, which
ruled that a'single 6-cent fare, or six
tickets for 25 cents would afford ample
funds.
The company then appealed to Judge
Booth, who disregards the right of cit-
izens in municipalities and the state to
insist that public utility corporations
live up to their contract.
---O--—
OPPOSES MEDIATION
FOR RAIL DISPUTES
East St. Louis, Ill.—An increased sen-
timent for co-operative buying was re-
ported at the annual convention of the
Central States Co-operative Society,
held in this city.
A feature of the gathering was a re-
port on an educational department,
which has been in operation a little
more than a year.
The convention adopted resolutions of
resepct to the memory of Samuel Gom-
pers.
Washington, D. C— The senate tax
investigating committee, headed by Sen-
ator Couzens of Michigan, has discov-
ered that the government is annually
losing millions of dollars by sharp prac-
tices of corporations and wealthy indi-
viduals.
The favorite form of taxation evas-
ion, particularly in the larger incomes,
is through a reduction of capital losses.
This practice alone has cost the govern-
ment millions of dollars, and is far in
excess, committee members say, of the
loss from tax exempt securities which
shown Brother Gompers at the memorial
services.
A letter was received from the Steam
and Operating Engineers Local No. 534,
stating that they favored the universal
holiday plan.
A letter was received from the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor and the secre-
tary instructed to furnish them with the
proper information.
There was a motion made to have the
Legislative Committee make a report in
regards to the Child Labor Law.
A motion was made and seconded to
invite Brother Miles to address the
Council on Jan. 26.
A motion was made to have another
open meeting the first regular meeting
in February.
Receipts at this meeting were $36; ex-
pense. 500 letter heads, $5.25.
There being no further business to
come before the Council the meeting ad-
journed, at 9:45 p. m.
Respectfully submitted,
J. O. Satterwhite, Sec’y.
January 1 to March 15, 1925.
nado mine, Black Diamond and New
Castle mines, located in western Wash-
ington are among the most dangerous
mines in the nation. During all the years
they operated with experienced union
miners accidents were held down to a
minimum, the number steadily decreas-
ing each year until a record for safety,
second to none in the nation, had been
established.
“In fact, the record for safety estab-
lished by union miners in the Roslyn-
Cie Elum field in the past three years,
with only one fatality, is the best record
in the mining industry.
“Since the operation of the mines in
Western Washington began with inex-
perienced non-union crews, hardly a
week has passed without serious acci-
dents. The number of fatalities, togeth-
er with permanent and partial disabili-
ties, in their totality are an appalling
indictment of non-union and inexpe-
rienced operation.
“While this great sacrifice of human
life and limb goes on, there are mun-
dreds of experienced union miners
available in King and Pierce counties.
They are thoroughly capable to operate
these mines and safeguard them against
increasing sacrifice of human life.
These men are working in sawmills and
at general common labor, and most of
them would be glad to take their places
again in the mines were the doors not
closed against them.”
-- -----—0-----——--
STREET CAR COMPANY
CAN BREAK CONTRACT
roads on March 1, 1920, private oper-
ation increased the operating expenses
by $1,485,000,000, nearly a billion and a
half of dollars. A part of that can be
explained: about a third of it was
wages; but how can the other two-
thirds be explained?
“Only upon the theory that govern-
ment operation was more efficient and
less wasteful than the competitive sys-
tem of private operation or upon the
still worse theory that during the period
of the six months’ guaranty the man-
agers of these railroads padded ex-
penses in order to take money from the
treasury of the United States. This
gigantic discrepancy is one of the most
remarkable things in railroad history.’
Senator Brookhart showed that the
railroads have received over 158,000,000
acres in land grants. This is four and
one-half times greater than the entire
state of Iowa, and the value of this
form of tax dodging.. Transactions
known as “washed sales” are a favor-
ite device for charging off capital losses.
A taxpayer, confronted with the ne-
cessity of paying large sums to the
government, sells stocks which have
depreciated in value. He computes the
difference between the buying and the
selling price deducts the loss from his
earnings, scales down his tax and then
buys the stock back the next day.
Amortization and depletion of natural
resources are other methods which are
used by income tax dodgers, who make
excessive claims for amortization, al-
leging that they purchased excess fa-'
cilities for war purposes.
The committee has found many evi-
dences of what is termed “laxity” by
income tax officials, who hold wide dif-
ferences of opinion when called upon to
make decisions.
The committee, it is stated, will at-
tempt to close these tax-dodging holes.
—--------------------
Denver, Colo.—Governor Sweet has
filed charges of brutality against War-
den Tynan of the state penitentiary at
Canon City. The charges include offi-
cial misconduct, neglect of duty, incom-
petency and inefficiency.
The govern says Tynan permitted
prisoners to be shackeld, hand, and foot,
over a carpenter’s saw horse, and flog-
ged on the bare body with a heavy lash.
J. B. Johnson, day captain of the en-
itentiary, has made affidavit that con-
victs were flogged with a heavy strap
about two feet long, from three to four
inches wide, and perforated with holes
about one-half inch in diameter. The
strap is fastened to a wooden handle
two feet long. Floggings varied from
three or four lashes to as high as 30 or
40 “and the strokes were always admin-
istered with both hands.”
As a part of prison \ discipline, so-
called “coolers” are maintained. These
are dark cells without any fitting or
furniture other than boards for a bed.
Confinement in the “cooler” has ranged,
according to Johnson, “all the way from
24 hours to 10 days.”
3 Deep is the wound in my side, 2
S “Coward!" he cries, but to flout me, g
* Oh, terrible foe, thou hast lied. g
g Here with my battle before me, p
g God of the fighting clan, g
g Grant that the woman who bore me g
§ Suffered to suckle a man. g
Ssmcnnssznsanndnncnccccnenczczsnacesacaxan-c-mad-0-6-C-*-6-0-6-**0-0-*4*6-%
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Chicago," Ill.—Ben W. Hooper, sup-
posed “neutral” chairman of the rail-
road labor board, has declared against
mediation and conciliation in railroad
disputes. In a letter to Congressman
Sanders of Indiana, opponent of the
' Howard-Barkley bill, Mr. Hooper said:
“No system is more admirably adapt-
ed to keeping the public in the dark
than that of mediation. The operations
of mediation and conciliation must nec-
essarily be secret to be successful.
IMr. Hooper indicates that every
method of adjusting rail disputes is
wrong except the plan of coming to his
board, where arbitrary awards should
be made and enforced.
Washington, D. C.—The national ad-
ministration defeated the postal wage
increase in the senate January 7 after
the hardest fight in the history of wage
movements by government employes.
The vote was on the president's veto
of an average annual increase of $300
passed last May by a senate vote of 73
to 3. The president disapproved of this
act, and the senate sustained the veto by
a vote of 55 to 29—a margin of one vote
over the necessary two-thirds.
The administration did not have a sin-
gle vote to spare in a contest in which it
threw every power it possesses. “Lame
duck” senators—who retire from office
March 4 next—and who are hopeful of
lucrative appoinments at the hands of
the president, reversed their vote of last
May and turned against the postal em-
ployes. Eighteen other senators who
were lured by federal patronage and
pleas to “save the face of the president”
and maintain party regularity also
changed front.
A tricky campaign in favor of “pro-
viding the funds” for the increase was
started by clever politiicians and a bill
was introduced that was intended to
raise rates of newspapers. With the
defeat of the wage bill it is now agreed
that the other bill will be dropped. Pos-
tal employes registered strenuous objec-
tion to placing the post office depart-
ment—a social service—on a hard and
fast money making basis, and pointed
out that this is not true of other depart-
ments of government.
It is claimed that when a delegation
of congressmen visited the White House
to consider another matter, the president
asked those of the visitors who intend-
On at least two other occasions re-
cently the colored people of Galveston
have worshipped together in Trinity
Church. They were there in large num-
bers when the old colored sexton, Rob-
ert Perine, was buried, who had been
the faithful servant of the church for
over fifty years. The Vestry of Trinity
Church acted as pall bearers and the
full choir sang the hymns he loved.
Here was an example of a colored man
who was an honor to his race and to
the white church which he served.
Also, recently, the colored members
of the labor unions attended in large
numbers to the first community service
of worship on Labor Day held in Gal-
veston. Both of these examples stand
out as examples of fraternal good will
between the races which it is hoped the
Race Relations Service will continue to
foster on Feb. 8th in Trinity Church,
when representatives of both races meet
to discuss the problems. It is hoped that
there will be a large attendance of both
white and colored people on this occa-
sion.
Samuel Gompers, president, A. F. of
L.
James J. Freel, president, Interna-
tional Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’
union.
John Voll, president, Glass Bottle
Blowers’ association.
Edward J. Cantwell, secretary, Na-
tional Association of Letter Carriers.
Adam Huebner, secretary Interna-
tional Union of the United Brewery,
Flour, Cereal and Soft Drink Workers
of America.
George Nolte, vice president, Broth-
erhood Railway Carmen.
Alex Russell executive secretary,
Granite Cutters’ International associa-
tion.
Martin J. Conroy, vice president,
United Association of Plumbers and
Steam Fitters.
John J. Dermody, vice president, Or-
der of Railroad Telegraphers.
James P. Fox, vice president, Interna-
tional Union of Bricklayers, Masons
and Plasterers.
F. C. Bolam, vice president, Interna-
tional Brotherhood of Blacksmiths,
Drop Forgers and Helpers.
Chris Evans, former secretary, United
Mine Workers of America.
The year also marked the passing of
T. V. Powderly, one time grand master
workman of the Knights of Labor;
Joseph Buchanan, nationally known la-
bor writer and old time labor editor,
and Wm. McCabe, of New York Typo-
graphical union, who was grand marshal
of the first Labor Day parade in the
United States, September 5, 1882.
--------
LARGEST FAMILIES
IN MINERS’ HOMES
Stockton, Cal.—Stereotypers employ-
ed on newspapers in this city have
signed a two-year agreement with
newspaper proprietors. Rates for day
and night work will be $7.75 the first
year and $8 the second year.
ed to support his postal wage veto to
hold up their hands.
The Washington correspondent of the
Indianapolis Star, in writing, on this in-
cident, said: So far as. is known, this
is the first time a president has gone so
far as to call on congressional members
to hold up their hands before him that
he may know on whose support he could
count.”
The correspondent also stated that the
president called senators to the White
House and these “were bluntly asked”
how they stood on the veto.
Despite these intimations that federal
patronage would be withheld from any
senator who favored the wage increase,
the administration, with all its powers,
just managed to get over the line ahead
of the workers who asked for a living
wage.
The postal workers conducted a mag-
nificent campaign. A strong public
opinion was developed in favor of these
underpaid employes and the press of the
country was practically united in favor
of the increase. This sentiment was
reflected in the senate, when that body
declared by a vote of 73 to 3 in favor
of an increase.
Much of this sentiment changed,
however, in view of forces above refer-
red to, and the cry that the post office
should be put on a “money making bi-
sis. ”
The postal employes will continue
their fight. While they are temporarily
defeated, their opponents will have addi-
tional troubles by explaining how they
repudiated platforms and reversed for-
mer positions.
trial accident commission, which pro-
poses to establish a fee schedule for
physicians and surgeons.
“In other words,” officers of the fed-
erations say, “workers’ limbs are to be
graded and classified on a factory
scale—just as parts for an automobile.
If this plan is carried into effect it
will mean that the better class of phy-
sicians will retire from practice as far
as industrial injuries are concerned.”
High-grade physicians and surgeons
scoff at the commission’s plan. They
say the physical and mental condition
of an injured worker can not be stip-
ulated in advance, nor can it be estab-
lished by any form of schedule.
--------—0--
STEREOTYPERS ADVANCE.
)
___________(A
— 4, -
92 3,*,
REGULAR MEETING 3: CHE
GALVESTON LABOR COUNCIL
Washington, D. C.—Statistics collect-
ed by the department of commerce show
that the average number of children
born in American families in which the
ages of the fathers range between 45
and 49 years, was the highest, 8.1 in the
families of coal miners. The lowest,
3.3 is in the families of dentists, physi-
cians and surgeons.
Where the ages of the fathers range
between 40 and 44 years the highest av-
erage number of children born, or 7,
were those of coal miners, and the low-
est average, or 2.8, were those of archi-
tects. These ages of fathers were taken
ince they, “on the whole probably rep-
resent completed families,” according to
the department.
-----------O--
1924 DEATH RATE DROPS.
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The Union Review (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 36, Ed. 1 Friday, January 16, 1925, newspaper, January 16, 1925; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1426046/m1/1/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Rosenberg Library.