The San Antonio Light (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 36, No. 157, Ed. 1 Sunday, June 25, 1916 Page: 33 of 43
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How a
BAD COLD
MAY MAKE
YOU INSANE
DON'T catch col fl. It may cost you your mind.
That brain disease leadings to insanity is
a not very infrequent result of bad colds Is a
new discovery of science- Of the fact there is no
doubt whatever.
It happens by reason of the existence of certain
hollow places in the skull. There are several' of
them. One Is an elongated cavity tn the frontal
bone; it runs almost the entire width of the fore-
head just above the eyebrow. Another Is the
"antnim" (thb word means "cavern") which is a
hollow in each cheek bone.
Probably you have been accustomed to suppose
that your cheek bones were solid; but they aren’t.
They are mere shells lined with mucous membrane.
This membrane of course is living tisane through
■which blood vessels run.
Now when you have a cold there Is always a'pos-
sibility—though fortunately not a likelihood—that
germs will get into the "antrum” on one side or the.
other and start a serious Infection. Really It is
surprising that this does not happen much more
often. Inasmuch as the cheek-bone hollow has an
opening directly into the nasal passage.
Suppose such an Infection to occur; and (as hap-
pens every now and then) to become chronic. The
only way to treat It Is to pass a tube up into the
‘‘antrum’’ by way of the nostril and squirt It full
of some germ-killing solution. This may have to be
done daily for a long time before the mischief Is
cured: and the place is mighty hard to get at.
But the infection once well established may ob.
stinately resist treatment. Or its existence may not
be suspected though it has gone on for years. In
either case there is very serious danger—a menace
If CATS Had Been GREEN and
THAT the curious absence of words in the ancient
languages for the different shades of green and
blue is due to the fact that early peoples did
not need them because domesticated animals are
never that color is a theory recently advanced by R.
S. Woodworth America s most eminent authority on.
color perception.
It has long been a puzzle why In the poems of
Homer such as the "Iliad” and the "Odyssey” there
is no reference to a “blue” sky. He speaks of a white
or light sky when the day is fine and a black or
dark sky in cloudy weather. Nowadays we not only
speak of a blue sky but of "Wintry blue” and "Italian
blue” while "azure blue” means a particular color
that resembles the sky of the temperate zone in Sum-
mer.
Homer was not a fashion expert. If it were not for
the designs on old Greek vases we should not know
how Helen of Troy "the most beautiful woman in the
world's history” dressed to keep her captor's love.
The vases show the style of her gowns but of her
favorite colors they give no more hint than does
Homer.
Egypt was a land of vivid colors. The old Egyptians
loved strong contrasts especially reds and browns and
a certain blue. But the hieroglyph for blue is merely
a color sign it has no reference to the sky or any
other natural object and it seems probable that the
dwellers on the banks of the Nile—who thought so
little of this life and so much of the world to come—-
never gave a thought to the vivid and glowing blue
of the cloudless skies that stretched over them almost
the whole year through.
< To this Hebrew is an exception. There is a word
for blue and it is used to denote the sky. It is also
used to describe a line of blue embroidery on the
robes of the priests. But even here there are no
words for various shades of blue. Purples of course.
Try This ICELESS
IF you are tired of paying ice bills
why not try using an iceless re-
frigerator? This is not a joke
but a solemn scientific fact whose
value is vouched for by scientists
of the United States Department of
Agriculture.
They have succeeded in devising
a refrigerator that will keep its
contents at a temperature of 50 de-
grees on a dry hot day without the
aid of ice. It depends fo coolness
upon the evaporation of v Her from
a covering of cloth that by means
of wicks is kept moist from a pan
of water resting on top. Here is
how one can be constructed at
small expense by any one with a
little ingenuity:
Make a screened case three and
a half feet high with the other di-
mensions twelve by fifteen inches.
Use a solid top and place on this
a shallow water pan twelve inches
t uare or fit the pan closely into
th- opening of the top frame and
supper* it by one-inch cleats fast-
ened tv / e Inside of the frame.
Place two movable shelves in the
frame twelve to fifteen inches
apart.
I
(A) Frontal Sinus; (B) Cheekbone Hollow; (C) Mastoid;
(D) Cavity at Base of Brain. These Are Four of the
Many Cavities in the Skull Which All Open Into
the Nasal Passages. On This Account They
May Easily Become Infected Because the
Nose Is Frequently a Hospitable Feeding
Ground for Multitudes of Germ*
to the brain.
For be it realized the little blood vessels of the
human membranous lining of the cheek-bone hollow
run through tiny holes in the bony wall and into the
brain. If the "antrum” is diseased the blood passing
through these vessels is likely to carry into the
brain infectious germs.
If such germs get Into the brain they find its soft
tissues an excellent "culture medium." They mul-
tiply rapidly feeding upon and breaking down the
tissues ‘n question until after a litttle while the
mind 1 «• signs of being affected. The sufferer
perhaj« •” voices” or has delusions or ex-
hlldts oi of Incipient dementia. By and by
he become l.uily Insane.
Exactly the same thing may happen if the
are mentioned but the famous Tyrian purple would
now be called a deep scarlet. It was red not the blue
and red mixture now known as purple.
Although green is the prevailing color of nature in
every country yet there are few words for green in
the older languages. Such phrases as “apple green”
"emerald” "myrtle” "olive” mean entirely different
colors to us but our ancestors were content to use a
word with its root from the word “growing" since
nearly all growing vegetation is green.
We almost always speak of a blue sea or a green
sea but the ancients were content with calling the
sea gray. That they valued the colors themselves
seems evident from the carved gems rare turquoise
sapphire and Ippis lazuli among the blues; emerald
and beryl among the greens.
So we shall search In vain for those descriptions of
color in the scenery of ancient authors. A cloudy
sky over a gray sea gives color but a clear sky over
a white sea fails utterly to give the picture of the
deep deep blue overhead of Greece and the glint of
translucent green-blue sea.
Professor Woodworth points out that this lack of
names for the shades of blue and green is in strik-
ing contrast to the wide number of words for red
and yellow and declares that this came about because
in the very earliest times when man began to domes-
ticate animals he had to be able to distinguish his
own from those of his neighbors and the first means
of distinction was that of color. A cow might be red
or brown or fawn or spotted; a horse might be
brown or bay or sorrel or roan or piebald; and (or
all these separate words are needed. The English
language has only one word for reindeer the Eskimo
has eleven words.
Suppose now that the Sacred Cow of the Hindoos
had been a bright blue and cows generally had pos-
sesed many different shades of blue then would
This Refrigerator Will Keep
Its Contents at a Tempera-
ture of 50 Degrees on a
Hot Dry Day Without
the Aid of Ice
If the refrigerator is to be used
indoors have the whole thing stand-
ing in a large pan to catbh any
drip. The pans and case may be
painted white allowed to dry and
Serious Havoc GERMS May Work If They Get Into Some of the Many Little CAVITIES
REFRIGERATOR
then enameled.
A covering of white canton flan-
nel extending to the lower edge
should be made to fit the frame.
Have the smooth side out and but-
ton the covering on the frame with
buggy or automobile curtain hooks
and eyes arranged so that the door
may be opened without unfasten-
ing these hooks. This can be done
easily by putting one row of hooks
on the edge of the door near the
latch and the other just opposite
the opening with the hem on each
side extended far enough to cover
the crack at the edge of the door
to keep out the warm outside air
and retain the cooled air. This dress
or covering must be hooked around
the top edge also. Two double strips
one-half the width of each side
should be sewpd on the top of each
side and allowed to extend over
about two and a half or three
inches In the pan of water.
Place the refrigerator in a shady
place where air will circulate
around it freely. If buttons and
buttonholes are used on the canton
flannel Instead of buggy hooks the
cost should not exceed 85 cents.
Copyright 1916.
A Human Skull Showing the Elongated Hollow
Above the Eye Sockets (A) and the Cheekbone
Hollows (B) These Are Some of the Many
Cavities in the Skull Where Germs May
Lodge and Do Serious Harm.
"frontal sinus” (the elongated hollow above the
eyebrows) becomes 1 infected; or in the same way
if there be an infection of the "mastoid process”
which is the bony lump behind the ear. This bony
lump (provided by nature for the attachment of
neck-muscles) is of a sort of honeycomb structure
with anywhere from a dozen to twenty cavities.
COWS Bright BLUE
Sanscrit have possessed many words for tints and
shades of that color. Had the Egyptian cat been
green then in that ancient city of Bubastis where
cats were worshipped as gods there would have been
coined an array of words to signify varieties of green.
Had the Greek maidens and matrons been addicted to
gay millinery then old Homer's color sense would
have been more drawn upon and the meeting betweeji.
Nauslcaa and Ulysses might hav.e been delayed by a
digression upon her "picture hat” Instead of refer-
ences to her flowing robes and hair and her grace
and speed of foot.
We have advanced far beyond our ancestors In
this matter as is evidenced by this very existence of
words that define a score of differences where they
saw none or at least if they saw them they deemed
them unimportant. Our eyes are trained to muclj
more subtle differences we are better judges of
niceties of shade and In spite of all that archeologists
and lovers of antiquities may say there is a greater
beauty of color on the counters in a~ modern depart-
ment store than in the frescoes of Pompeii or In the
ruined cities of the empires of Babylon and Egypt.
Just How We LEARNED TO DRINK COFFEE
THE origin o* coffee as a
beverage • is shrouded in
many legends. According to
one of the most Interesting of these
Hadji Omar an Arabian dervish
starving in the wilderness saw
some strange berries growing on a
shrub. Eagerly he pulled them
and. peeling off the outer shell
sought to eat them. They were
very bitter and he desisted.
Nothing else edible being In
sight to satisfy his hunger he built
a fire and sought first to roast the
berries then to soften them in
water. The process was slow and
tedious and the hungry dervish
proceeded to gulp down the dis-
colored water. To his amazement
and delight he found It both
nourishing and refreshing.
This was In the year 1285. Re-
turning to Mocha on the Red Sea
he told the wise men of his dis-
covery and exhibited the berries he
had brought with him- After brew-
ing the new and wonderful drink
he served it and in return was
feted by the grateful people. So
popular did Hadji Omar become
because of this discovery that he
was made a taint.
The truth of the matter probably
is that coffee was introduced into
Arabia from Africa about 1470
A. D. Its introduction was followed
by wide adoption for it is known
that shortly afterward the Mo-
hammedans employed coffee to
keep them awake during their long
religious services. Latter it was
looked upon as an intoxicant and
came therefore_ under the ban of
all true believers.
Its use continued despite oppo-
sition and after a time it spread
by the Star Company. Great Britain Rights Reserved
' ^KmEAKTE
New Fruit Juices You May Like
THAT the juice of currants black-
berries black raspberries sour
cherries and peaches may be pre-
pared and kept as successfully as grape
juice and by the same methods has now
been demonstrated in the course of a series
of investigations which the United States
Department of Agriculture is conducting.
The juices of the fruits mentioned it
has been found retain their characteristic
color and flavor after being sterilized and
stored away and can therefore be made
available for use throughout the year in
households and at soda fountains etc. In
this way it is thought much fruit that has
hitherto been allow-ed to go to waste may
be utilized.
For reasons however which are not as
yet very thoroughly understood the various
fruits differ greatly in the effects of steril-
ization upon them. Thus strawberry juice
and red raspberry juice lose their distinctive
colors and flavors very readily and there-
fore cannot be put up on a commercial scale
and marketed as grape juice is.
Lemon and orange juices also undergo
peculiar changes in flavor after sterilization
and no satisfactory method of overcoming
this- obstacle has yet been developed.
beyond Arabia. Coffee houses were
in favor in Cwtstantinople in the
sixteenth century. Here also at-
tempts were made to suppress its
use as being of a class of beverages
prohibited by the Koran. But the
brave little berry held its own and
in 1652 the first coffee house in
England was opened by a Greek
named Rossie.
Down to 1690 the only source of
coffee supply was Arabia; but in
SCIENCE NOW KNOWS-
How to Prevent Blood Poisoning
WHEN you have a cut a scratch a bruise or any other kind of injury
paint it with iodine. As soon as injured dip a tooth pick with cotton
rolled on the end of it in the iodine and paint over the wound without
washing. The iodine will kill all germs In the dirt that gets Into the
wound while washing only drives the germs farther into the flesh. When
painted with the iodine wrap the injured part in a clean cloth for a
couple of days.
■THE speed of the wind is measured by means of an Ingenious instru-
-1 ment called the anemometer. It is like a weather vane with cups
instead of letters at the ends of its arms. The cups catching the wind
whiz round and thus turn the central shafj. This passes down into a
box in which are several dials. The indicators of those dials are con-
nected with the shaft and move according to its revolutions. Thus the
number of revolutions of the cup in a certain time gi- s the exact speed
in miles per hour.
Elephants Not Cowards. -
THE fear an elephant has for a rat has often been spokeA of as an ex-
* ample of colossal cowardice. But it is nothing of the kind. The
elephant when captive and in chains has every reason to regard with
terror the little rodent which in the still watcheflxof the night gnaws
the toe-nails of the helpless pachyderm. Not much of this sort of thing
is required to make the huge creature lame. By such attack not long
ago three young elephants belonging to Hageuback's outfit were so
badly injured that they had to be shot.
If it becomes diseased the
whole inside of it may have
to be scooped out by surgical
operation.
Your eyes of course are
contained in two sockets of
bone. In the bony walls that
separate these sockets from
the nasal passages are two
hollow places. Not far away
in z a wedge-shaped bone be-
neath the middle of the base
of the brain are two more
hollows
For w’hat purpose are all
of these hollow’ places in the
skull? Nobody knows. But
the theory generally accept-
ed is that they are provided
by nature for resonating cavi-
ties to render the voice more
spnorous. Probably the sing-
ing of a Caruso or a Melba
would be much less agree-
able to the ear and would
have faV less "carrying
power” if tlJey had no hol-
lows in their skulls.
All of the hollow places
(even thosq in the bony
lumps behind the ears) open
into the nose. One easily un-
derstands then how readily
they may become infected
inasmuch as the nasal pas-
sages. when one has a cold
are a hospitable feeding-
ground for multitudes of
germs.
that year Governor Van Hoorne
of the Dutch East India Company
received wme coffee seeds from
traders who plied between the
Arabian Gulf and Java. These seeds
were planted and thrived so well
that the industry of coffee growing
soon made Java one qf the
richest possessions under the con-
trol of the historic Dutch East
India Company. The mountainous
surface of the island its remarkably
Measuring the Wind.
in Our SKULLS
Not until recently has it been understood why ft
so often happens that children as a result of scarlet
fever are mentally inpaired in some cases being
reduoed to hopeless Imbecility. But now medical
science knows that it is not the scarlet fever gem
that does this woful mischief.
Subsequent invaders —particularly pus-producing
germs of the “streptococcus" tribe —take advantage
of the weakened condition of the body (implying
less ability to resist their attack) to infect one or
more of the hollow places in the skull. Thence they
are carried by the blood into the brain which be-
comes diseased.
The same thing mqy happen in a case of measles;
and this is one important reason why that malady
so common to childhood should not be regarded by
parents as of trifling consequence. But as already
explained it may come about as a result of a bad
cold. When one has a bad cold the obnoxious and
always-dangerous ''streptococci’* may usually be
counted on to be present in large numbers.
Nowadays when the “frontal sinus” or the hollow
In either cheek-bone becomes chronically infected
resort is sometimes had to operative surgery the
cavity being opened up from the outside: i. e.
through the face—and thoroughly cleaned out. But
even such heroic treatment is not always wholly
successful; it may have to be repeated again and
again.
A danger in such cases is that the infection may
exist for a long time without discovery. Once in a
while it happens that the root of an upper tooth
penetrates through the "floor” of the cheek-bone hol-
low and (if the tooth be decayed) starts such a
trouble. The cause does not betray itself either to
the dentist or the family physician; yet it may cost
the sufferer his mind.
Lemon juice is the more promising but this
too cannot yet be manufactured com-
mercially with success.
With certain precautions on the other
hand pineapples can be made to yield a
sterilized juice of a very attractive flavor
which should have distinct commercial pos-
sibilities. The juice how’ever should be
kept in cold storage at from thirty-two to
thirty-five degrees Fahrenheit after sterili-
zation and most of the suspended material
should be removed by means of a milk sepa-
rator or by filtration. Moreover where
atmospheric oxygen is not excluded in the
process of oottling the juice darkens gradu
ally.
These studies have already resulted in
the discovery of a method producing con-
centrated apple juice by freezing which is
not only easier to ship than ordinary cider
but which w’ill keep much better. In the
concentrated juice however the presence
of sugar and acid retards the growth of
micro-organisms and fermentation is slow
Similar methods are now being tried out
with other fruits. In the case of grapefruit
juice for example concentration to a syrup
by freezing is easily accomplished ahd it
appears at the present time that there are
great commercial possibilities in this mehod
tertlle soil and the hot climate
tempered by the salt ocean breezes
favored the development of the
berry and gave Java coffee its dis-
tinctive flavor.
Since those days coffee growing
as an industry has spread to other
countries and in every instance the
product shows the influence of its
climatic environment- Coming down
to our own time we find coffee plan-
tations all over the world those lo-
cated in mountainous regions neat
the sea producing the best grades.
There seem to be as many varia-
tions in the making of coffee as
there are grades of the raw ma-
terial and all supplied by the
same person. The best quality of
coffee can be spoiled in the making
and while that seems to be a very
simple operation to have It always
right is one of the difficulties of
housekeeping.
For an infusion the coffee should
be pulverized; for a decoction
ground more coarsely. Too good
care cannot be taken of the coffee
pot which should be of graniteware
or porcelain and kept scrupulously
clean.
The proportions remain the same
one heaping tablespoonful of coffee
to one cupful of boiling water
whether drip or boiled coiree is ro
be made; but something does de-
pend upon the number of people.
One-half cupful of ground coffee
and one quart of water will make
coffee for five people but for one
person one tablespoonful of coffee
and a cupful of water wiH not suf-
fice for the old idea of allowing so
much for the pot has reason in itr
being.
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Diehl, Charles S. & Beach, Harrison L. The San Antonio Light (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 36, No. 157, Ed. 1 Sunday, June 25, 1916, newspaper, June 25, 1916; San Antonio, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1601506/m1/33/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .