Transactions of the Regional Archeological Symposium for Southeastern New Mexico and Western Texas: 2002 Page: 93
i, 122 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.View a full description of this book.
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Figure 16. Photomicrograph of a modern comparative stone tool cut mark showing
identifying attributes: a) V-shaped trough; b) parallel shoulder striations.
Cut marks as a result of butchering with stone tools have a number of identifiable
attributes (Johnson, 2000; Shipman, 1981, 1989). Under microscopic examination (Figure 16)
they generally are V-shaped in cross section, short with parallel striations present on the inner
edges of the cut, and in some cases, striations are found on the shoulder of the cut. It is the inner-
edge striations that are most used to differentiate stone tool cut marks (Lyman, 1994). Other
criteria include the orientation and location of the cut. Cut marks are created by three butchering
processes, that of skinning, disarticulation, and filleting (Binford, 1981; Johnson, 1985). As a
result, the location of the marks should be consistent with each butchering stage.
Blow marks are created in at least two ways. A blow mark results when fresh bones are
dynamically impacted by a hammerstone to fracture the bone for marrow extraction or expediency
tool manufacture (Johnson, 1985; Lyman, 1994). A blow to a diaphysis results in a central
crushed impact area with fracture fronts radiating from the impact point. Blow marks also occur
in areas where muscles attach to the bone and are impacted in order to loosen those attachments
(Figure 17).
Blow marks
a)
b)
6 m cm 593
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Robertson, Pinky. Transactions of the Regional Archeological Symposium for Southeastern New Mexico and Western Texas: 2002, book, 2003; Midland, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1661483/m1/99/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Southwestern Federation of Archaeological Societies.