The Frontier Echo (Jacksboro, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 21, Ed. 1 Friday, November 24, 1876 Page: 2 of 4
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THE ECHO.
Ui:0. W. HOIIsO*, I'ublUbcr.
JACKSHOHO,
TEXAS,
C UltltENT N EW8.
WAiBMUTtS.
The United State* Government tuu enter-
ed iulte against Qen. O. O. Howard to re-
WMOO, asI defaulter In reaped to
fuads entrtuted to htm In eonaeotlea with
the Freedaan't Bureau and Howard Unl-
venlty. General Howard aeeerte that he
kii a wiplgtt dtftn—.
The publle debt itateiaent, for November
1 place* the total debt, principal and Inter-
ast, at *,1M,M*, , lew each
la Treasury, Ihewtof a reduction (or the
Speeding meath of W.M.IW. There wee
«aah la the Ttreeeuiy, «m,M7,0i7 eoln, *12,-
Ml.Wmmatj, aad,l«,870,000ip«olalde-
peelt* for the mdaapthm of oertlfloate* of
Aoollliiea ooeurred oa the Delaware,
Uekawanaa and Western Bailroad, near
Qe dib*e, Pa., ea the aoth, by which Ave
poreoaa were hilled ead u wounded.
Dr. Arthur B. Oenland, a well known
turfmaa of Blew Yornblty, tad connected
editorially with WUkS* Spirit, committed
raMdeaatheHrton aoeount of domeetlc
By .the breaking of a car-axle on the
haMgrtfaala Bailroad, on the night of the
UW Mar Otatar Taller, three eteepereand
a— paweager car were throw* from the
■Mk. The hrikeaiiii and porter were
MM) aad eereral othen injured.
The BWiif ABea moaumeat on the Con
fail Grounds at FhOadelpbla wae un-
velied cathaM. -
Wa. Ifheatlay, the well known actor,
Media Haw York oa the 8d.
The following sensational etory Is tele-
graphedfnae'Woodetoek, Vt.: Lasteven-
lag! elttrtly after dark, Myron Emery, a lad
•I IT, waa eeUed near hie home by three
taaeked men, bound, gagged, aad drafged
twaiallaa toMhrar Lake aad thrown la.
The mated, aad Baety managed to free
, wfcava he wae found
I aad iaeeuible. The
I. MlM dieoovered aad
•a* Oolyer, found
r by aiding in the
flgfcter Walker, at the
Heir Jeraey, ham
* .yean* impriton
Trentea Pealtentlary
prisoner*, Clark and
to aa Imprisonment
trait of the reeldeaoeof An
i, of Boadoat, H. T-, was
, eat about I a. m. oa the *d, by a
charge of powder pleeed la the window by
some malldous pereon. The oceupants of
Hit hmm win
■A Kew Ort*aas«*at*bef the «Kh say*
- Marshals Murphy
' this morn-
Gov. Allen
t with U prieoaers, whom
la West FelMaaa
with conspiracy
in July last,
are white men
, tad-held to bail
to appear before
*4 the Bofember
Frtu has a special
■ays that Qen. Miles
lOwnvinMoifital
oa the Ustsad
kBUag aatunber of the
amay others, his own
^ H* abased the
whea they divided,
fort Peek, aad
(Beaeral Hasan
with four oompaniee
for Miles. Bitting
titer below Port Peek on
- "i-1" word to the agent
and would be friend-
MM.*
la sOUaeee theater
fct of the aoth
HaaiiHi, In which
killed aad as many
State Legielature eon
Webster Anthony was
oQth* House, aad W. W.
mw tan. of the Senate
eemmeaeed proceedings
courts to set aside the
by his father, on .
trasteee aad ethers ased
fotafeueabo the deeessef
The legitlmaoy of John H
a prominent feature la
rasteee, and tha Impree-
Nwtll be dlfleult to prove
' ef his father by which
bHihed.
ef the Miami Powder
mfMe Ma Springfield
tarrtto violenee on the
ptt, Michael Ueneene
aad leverml other per*
ta)ur*d. The oonona
sloa was so great that windows were
brokea miles dlstsat. Antloeh College, at
Ydlow Springs, wee considerably damaged,
midtb* shock was folt with great force at
V London, aad other
le a^Hatated at fu,ooo
J, Welker, eae of the publishers
ef (he Aim Journal, of Dee Koines
' wae letiad dead la hie offlee on the mora
lag of the Nth nit. Thecauseof hladeath
was • pistol shot la the abdemea, evidenUy
by hie own bead, bat whether by aooldent
or design It was impossible to aseartaln.
At Meets, lows, oa the 1st, Mr. and Mr*
Slaeeat aad • Mr. Otyaaa, well known
iteHEiitoof that place, were eroeelng the
rallroed track In a buggy, when an engine
backed down upon them. Mr. and Mrs
Vlaeeat were laeteatly killed, and Mr. Oil
man wae fatally ured.
A report from damp Stambaugb, Wyom-
ing, says a village ef 00 lodgee of Bhoebonee
wae attacked October M, by a large Sioux
war party, estimated at 1,100 lodg". at
Painted Bock, near the aoene of Oapteln
Batee's fight la July, 1*T4, aad about 10
mllee from Camp Stambaugb. As far as
Isaraed, oaiy eae Shoehoae, by the name of
HuasPTi escaped, he being the Indian that
mvedtteHfeofOeptelnHoary In Orook'e
seeoad fight last summer.
Oeaeral Augur reoelved a dispatch from
Arteele, Misc., on tue id, sUUng that a
there ea the previotis day ended in
afMo ficht, aad the wounding of nix ne-
groee, eae mortally. United State, troop,
were called apoa by the elUssns, and their
prompt appeeraaee prevented further dis-
turbance. The eltlseas tequested the
traeps to rsamla to prevent a repetition of
^TyTflhlsMT aad Soothwcetern Bailroad
•'< wmesli ea the 1st, under a decree of fore-
e. to the le«a Southern and Miuouri
iBaflreedOempeay, for«i,0Tl,Mi0.
I Mm Olrtaate, Bock Island
■J™™ aaadlddie for
I hla with*
hsngrd at Kaufman, Temaa, on|the Id, for
tb murder of John Lore, iitur Terrsll, In
Kaufman C'euutjr, on tbu 17th of May l t.
CaUlilUK* was the mm of a Mlxtixlppl
planter, anil waa only Tt yrari of aKi>,
l'aynu waa a mulatto, aged atieut23, l>i>rn
and ralaed In Illlnola. John Low, for
whoae murder tbejr were hanKed,waa an In-
duatrloua gardener from I'ennaylvanla,
yeara old. Kobbery waa the Incentive for
the crime.
A party of negroea broke Into a realdence
near Aiken, 8. C., on the nlicht ef the 2d,a
and murdered Mr. Ilanalam and hla
nephew, named Poelman. After rohltlnK
the premlssa the murderer, fired the dwell-
ing.
Francis Tbompaon, tbe nolorloua nexro,
who for years figured aa a woman and Im-
posed on the Congreaaloaal Committee in
collection with tbe Mempbl* rlota In 1MIU,
died In the hospital at Memphla on the :td.
A special dispatch to the St. Paul Itoneer-
Prut, dated Camp in the field on the Yel-
lowstone, Oct. 37, via Bismarck, Nov. 4,
eaya: Gen. Miles, commanding the troops
on ths Ysllowstone, after fiKhtlng, defeat-
log and pursuing Sitting-Bull and the con-
federated tribes undsr him, thla day ac-
cepted the aurrender of 400 lodge, of In-
diana belonging to the Cheyenne Agency,
these tribes surrendering five of their prln-
elpal oblefa aa boetages and guarantee of
their faithful compliance with the terms of
ths surrender. These bands are to go at
oaoe to the Agency, where, upon their ar-
rival, they are to submit to the require-
meats of the Government. The Indians
held aa hostage* left this svsning for St.
Paul under charge of strong gusrds.
A aerioue accident occurred to tbe esat-
ward-bound train on the Memphis and Lit-
tle Book Bailroad, near Edmondson, oaths
night of the 4th, caused by ths forwsrd
truok on the sleeping-car dropping down,
throwing the oar over a trestle, and pulling
the next car off with It. Francis Moore, of
Bledsoe's Landing, Ark., wae killed, and
aa infant child of J, T. Bggleston, of Mis-
sissippi, was fatally ln)ursd. Two other
passengers were, severely, and about 1A
slightly, wounded.
By a collision between two looomotlves on
ths Loulsriils, Cincinnati and Lexington
Bailroad, near Pewee Valley Station, on
the 4th, Oanther, engineer, and Brasheer,
fireman, were killed, and the express mes-
senger aad another fireman were badly in-
jured.
A freight and passsnger train on the Ohio
aad Mississippi Bsllrosd collided hear
Shoals, lad., on ths 4th, killing tbe engi-
neer, Soott, and the fireman, Kelfer. Sev-
eral passsnger* were .lightly Injured.
About 90 Sioux Indlsae, under charge of
oommissloaera, passed through Omaha, on
the 3d, ea route for the Indiaa Territory ,
oa a tour of inspection-
romnraii.
The German- Reichstag, the Imperial Par-
llament for the whole empire, I was opened
on ths 10th. The Bmperor's speech wss
rsadby Herr Hoffman, his Majesty being
absent oa account of Indisposition. Tbe
imperial speeoh mentions ths general de-
preeelon la trade and Industry In Germany
aad throughout ths world, snd states that
the object of the Government's commer-
cial policy will be the protection of
{toman Industry from the prejudial effects
of one-elded ma torn regulations la other
oountriea. This object will be kept espe-
cially In view In tbe Impending negotlstlons
for tbe renewal of commercial treaties.
Genaany'sforeignirelatlons, notwithstand-
ing the ditficultie. of the preeent political
situation, are fully accordant with
the Kmperor'e pacific policy. His
It endeavor Is to preserve
friendly relations with all the Powers,
eepeoially those' oonneoted to Germany by
tiee of neighborhood and history, and, aa
far as peace may be endangered among
eueb, to preserve it by friendly mediation.
Whatever the future may have In store,
Germany may reet aaAired that the bleodof
her sens will be sacrificed or risked only for
the protection of her own honor and in-
terests.
A Belgrade dispatch of the 80th ssys that
a decisive battle between the Turks and
Servians was fought oa the previous dsjr, In
which the Turks drove the Servians from
DJuals. after a crushing defeat. Tcher-
nayeff*s army was out In two and com-
pletely demoralised. A great panic pre-
vailed la Belgrade,
A Berlin dispatch of the-Mth says: An
apparently trustworthy announcement is
made that Bussla hae intimated her wllllng-
aess to accept the Porters latest armlstloe
proposal with certain modifications not cal-
culated to imperil the desired result. The
propoeel to eettle terms of peace by a con-
ference at whloh the Porte shall not be
repreeeated Is opposed by Bnglsnd and
Italy. '
London dispatches of the 81st say that tbe
Bmperor William's spedoh at the opening
of the Belobsteg has produoed an uncom-
fortable feeling in that capital as wall aa In
Paris and Ylsnna, on account of ito apparent
Indication that the triple alliance it not con-
sidered to be firm. The Frenoh paper, ac-
cept It aa a direct menace to Franoe.
The great maritime oanal , connecting the
city of Ameterdam with the German Ocean,
waa opened on the 1st with imposing oere-
monlee. The esnal la 10 miles long, and
hae at the sea end a harbor covering 300
acres, which, however, is not quite com-
was Offlcially announced on the 3d that
the Porte bad aooepted the two months'
armistice, beginning November 1, sad hsd
ordered an immediate cessstlon of bostll-
Ities
Gen. Martines Campos, with 1,000 Span-
ish troops', arrived at Havana on the Sd.
Herr Forkenbeok hss bssn elected Presi-
dent of the German Relobstsg, snd Bsron
Staufenbcrg First Ylce-Prealdent.
California Kaislaa.
We were shown yesterday a speci-
men of layer raisins, with a bunch of
freah grapes alongside of them from
whloh these raisins were made. .They
were as handsome as any Malag* raisins
we have aeen in years. Tho fresh
grapes are known aa Muscatel, a va-
riety, wo take It, distinct from the Mus-
cat of Alexandria. The former, wo aro
told, are the best variety for raisin
making, and will hereafter be culti-
vated extensively in this State. Tho
' Ins shown us repronOnt-
klsuado
specimen of raisti
from about twenty aorea of grapes
Theee raisins will bring the produoer
In this market about $U a box, or about
$8,000 In all. They will bring at retail
priocs $2.60 a box. Now, in what way
can twenty acrcs be made to produou
more than In this Instanoe? Of course
there are the expenses of curing, boxes
and several small items. But tnnso ex-
penses could not havo beon much, il
any, greater than would have boon re-
quired if the land,had been sown in
wheat. There wbuld have boon tho
plowing, seeding, oost of seed, reaping,
7 a _ L I _ A *Ajtlaa aaiil u /« fin
threshing, cost"of sacks, and so on.
These items would havo baen c<|i!ftl to
one oent a pound on the wheat pro-
duced, and tne whole amount of wheat
would not hare much oxceodod four
hundred bushels, whloh would linye
brought leaa than two cents a pound in
—<*pRi£
ITEMS OF INTEREST.
Peraoual and l.lurary.
—U'.ilph Waliln KiuorBun reeontiy re-
aiurkud of a r«N<inant but not very
wit kcdoulh: "That noundn very fruc-
tifying."
— "Nasby " ha* gone back to his old
editorHliip of the Toledo (Ohio) Matte,
after trying lecturing, running an ad-
vertising agency, and nundry other
things.
—Iioucicauit has receivered over
$250,000 from the "Colleen Bawn,"
which he wrote in throe days, and thus
obtained tho neat wages of $8 >,000 a
day.
—The critics agree in praUing Mrs.
Brick Pomeroy's clothes and beauty,
and say that sbo is by no means able to
play tragedy, though some of them be-
lieve that she would make a fair come-
dienne. ^
—Mr, Macgahan, who wrote the
book about Kniva, and has written tho
recent letters from Bulgaria which have
appeared in the London News, was born
in Toledo, O., of Irish parents.
—Miss Anna M. Lea, of Philadelphia,
whose picture of " The Patrioian Moth-
er" In tbe Centennial. Exhibition has
attracted so much attention, and to
whom was awarded by the Judges one
of tho thirteen medals, has accepted an
invitation from Lord Dufferin, Gov-
ernor-General of Canada, to visit Ot-
tawa and paint a portrait of Lady Duf-
ferin.
—During the past year Miss IlltixJ-
man, the talented woman-suffrage lec-
turer, has organized 14 su ft rage socie-
ties, held 80 meetings, 66 of whioh
were in orthodox ohurehea, and ad-
dressed at leaat 20,000 persons. She
delivered six lectures at the Capitol,
giving one by request before the House.
She ia said to be a talented and logical
speaker, and is one of the most efficient
workers in the cause. ,
—The London Kxaminer condenses
" Daniel Deronda" . into seyea mystic
paragraphs, which give the idea that
the hero lifted himself by the coat-col-
lar into and out of moat of the perplex-
ities of his life. Our conclusion is that
the .heroine, owing to the hard condi-
tions of her sex, had no coat-collar with
which to lift herself, and was conse-
quently left sorrowing—which is the
Woman Problem in a nutshell. Give
us ooot-oollars or marry us, is tbe moral
of the story ."
Seieaee aad Iadaetrjr,
—Nevada is full of gold, but it'does
not average very well for agriculture;
It has one desert whioh alone cover*
80,000 square miles,.and the mountain
districts are nearly all tin fit for cultiva-
tion.
—The manufacture of silk is the great-
est addition to the manufacturing in-
dustries of New Jersey during the past
80 years. New Jersey manufactured
one-third of the whole silk product of
the United States In 1876.
—The Baldwin Locomotive Works re-
cently celebrated the completion since
1831 of its four thousandth locomotive.
Calling these great maohines worth on
tbe average $13,000 each at the time
they were made, there ia a grand total
of $48,000,000 earned in this one estab-
lishment in the manufacture of looomo-
tlves alone.
—Petroleum of excellent quality has
been discovered in North Staffordshire,
England. It is not the shale oil whioh
has been known In England for so long
a time, but it is the genuine kind.
Should the supply prove to be large, it
will have a damaging effect, doubtless,
upon the- American petroleum market
in Europe.
■The importance, of the Eads jetties
at the mouth of the Mississippi, is be-
ing appreciated in Europe, aa well as in
America. A reeent English exchange
predicts that when the bar at tho mouth
Ilapa aad Mlaiia.a.
—Mrs. (!eo. 1'. l)ela|>lainn, of Madi-
son, Wis., was fatally burned a few
night* ago by a lamp explosion. Two
of tier daughters, in putting out the
flames, were also badly burned.
—A little daughter of a woman nam-
ed Harriet Jones, of Leavenworth,Kan.,
was burned to death while handling a
can of coal-oil, which, being upset, sol
lire to her clothes.
—A little child of Mr. Albright, of
Pierceton, Ind., aged 3 years, lull into
a pail of boiling water, scalding herself
so severely that death ensued tho same
night.
A young man named Bell, of Wak-
arasa, Elkhart Co., Ind., was loadiug
his gun with the butt on a log. The
gun slipped, and the hammer, faltiug,
discharged one barrel into his body,
lodging near the heart.
—Mrs. W. I). Lee, living near Nowell,
Iowa, was burned to death while heat-
There Is a mine of ferro-mi
in Barton County, Georgia, which la
more valuable than Consolidated Vir-
giaia or Comstook. It ia the only one
in the United States, and the produotia
used in converting iron into Bessemer
steel. It ia eatimated that the mine ia
worth ia the neighborhood of $90,000,-
000.
—A party of San Franolsoo adven-
turers who lately left their country to
rospect the gold fields of Catapiloo, In
have Been heard from; and a
Chili paper, of Auguat 11, states that
the reaulta of the worka thus far yield
from $40 to $60 gold per week to each
man, with a prospect that these
amonnta will be doubled or trebled be-
fore long.
Sohool aad Church.
—Mr. II. W. Svle, a deaf mute, has
been ordained'a deacon in the Protest-
ant Episcopal Church in Philadelphia.
He will hereafter conduct tho religions
services in St. Stephen's Mission for
Deaf Mutes in Philadelphia.
—Gymnaitio exercises for young la-
dies are a part of the regular instruc-
tion in a large number of the schools
of Germany. In the higher schools in
Berlin they have been for some time
oompulsory, and on Oct. 1 the same
system was extendedlto all theoommun-
al schools for girls in the German
oapital. The chief hostility to the
movement comos from the mothers of
the pupils.
—Tho Theologioal Seminary at Ban
for, Mo., is in a flourishing condition.
'heir real estate is worth $100,000, and
they have invested productive funds
amounting to $170,000. It draws its
students from Now England ami the
British provinces contiguous to Maine.
The term has just opened with more
than twenty now students.
—The Walnut Street Presbyterian
Church of St. I^ouis has Ijy tho vote of
its session joined the St. Louis Presby-
tery of tho Northern Presbyterian
Church. Previous to tho final settle-
ment of tho quoslion thcro was much
debate whetlior the congregation, which
has been independent, should unite it-
solf to the Northern or the Southern
Presbyterian body.
—A Presbyterian churoh has been or-
ganized in Orange County, Va., called
tho " Waddell Church," after the cele-
brated blind preacher, Dr. James Wad-
doll, who had an estate in that county,
and preaohod without remuneration to
a small congregation in A log church.
It. was hero that William Wirt heard
him, after which ho wrote the well
known account In the Briiifh Spa.
—A pastor, retiring from a field
which ho has oCcupiod for several years,
writes: "I loavo nere a people nood-
iug a pastor, hut who are not able or
willing to give one a good support.
They want a man of talent, end one
who can sland all (ho gossip of a small
town, and live on faith. One who can
lot tho Deacons do all the work, and
then be blamed for not meeting with
toooaaa, and bear it as meekly as a
iag a can of tar for boat-calkiug pur-
poses. The can exploded, enveloping
her person with the ignited fluid an
burning the clothing from her body,
She died soon afterwards.
—Lillio Sover, aged 24, a domestic,
committed suioide at Columbus, Ohio,
by taking laudanum. Mrs. Sover's hus-
band left her some time ago, and this,
added to the loss of her ohild by death,
was no doubt the cause of tbe suicide.
—Michael Fisher of Lancaster, Ohio,
aa driving a wagon loaded with lime,
when the wagon upset in a ditch with
about two inches of water, and the lime
slaked, burned tip the wagon, and near-
ly destroyed Fisher's body.
—August Kreimer, a quite wealthy
German resident of Minneapolis, com-
mitted suicide by shooting himself
through the'head. A few days before
he took poison, but his life was then
saved. The cause of tbe suicide was a
supposed swindle of $4,000 by his
brother, of whioh swindle he was tho
victim.
—At Paradise, Cache County, Utah,
a little son of Wpi.. Mitten, aged
seven years, went with his
sister to it shiqgle-mill. He told
his sister tant he would tie a string
around tho coming shaft and " see
what it would do."" Suiting the action
to the word, ho tied the string to the
shaft, and the result was the little fel-'
low'a arm was drawn from the socket
and broken in three places; his legs
were both pulled off below the knees,
and his bead, stomach and side wore
fearfully mangled and bruised. He
lived about two. hours after the aool-
dent occurred.
Vsr«l|ii Noimi
—The olty of Cologne, in Germany,
is about to raise a statue to Bismarck in
one Of its public squares. Twenty-
seven models have been sent for selec-
tion by sculptors from different parts
of Germany, which are on exhibition at
the public museum.
—Madame Jenny Llnd-Goldsmith
has given the Stockholm Society of
Arts, ofawhich she was an honorary
member* 40,000 orowns, the interest of
whioh is to be presented as a prize to
the young artists who have won notice
&tne society.
—Dr. Atlchin, an eminent London
physician, has franklv avowed, in an
address to students, that "of all- scien-
tific pursuits which praetioally concern
the community, there is none perhaps
whioh rests upon so uncertain and in-
secure a basis aa mediolne."
—A congress of German women was
recently opened at Frankfort, Germany.
The suDjecta to be discussed wore pre-
judices, reform in the oduoation of
women, the literature of youth, woman
in the family, the obstacles whioh pre-
sent themselves to the extension of the
THE UKAHSHOPPEK.
Historical lie view of Ifta vagm and Item-
ed lea.
Al !>RKftM OK OOVKKNOK PIl.lJ«Bl KY IlK^
KOIKE TllE CONKKUKNCK OK OOVKltN-
OU« AT OMAHA, OCTOBEK 26, 1*76.
Gentlkmkn: While It is nut difficult
to obtain information regarding the na-
ture aud habits of thu locusts or grass-
hoppers, no particular methods (or their
extermination or for protection from
their ravages havo yet been found to
any satisfactory extent. We can loam
without much trouble of tho great de-
struction made by them in the different
States, and especially in the Mississip-
pi Valley, but tbe vital necessity o( the
hour—a necossity connected with tho
best interests of agriculture—is a speedy
remedy for tbe growing evil. The
Bureau of Agricultur^at Washington,
established for the advancement of our
great agricultural interests, is nearly
silent in regard to locust or grasshop-
per devastations, the attention of tbe
Department not having been dirocted
to the Investigation of the subject. Is
there not a great fault that this Dcpartr
ment has not given this question more
attention? Surely it could not in any
manner aid or advanoe the interests of
agriculture better than by a thorough
investigation of a subject so closely al-
lied with the vital prosperity of tho
country. The fullest information is
embodied in the report of the Regents
of the Smithsonian Institution for 1858.
In order to bring the subject readily
before you, I deem it proper to review
briefly the destruction which has been
made by the locusts in various coun-
tries, and at different periods of the
past, together with some of the means
whioh have been employed for defense
against their inroads.
Perhaps the earliest recorded appear-
ance of the grasshoppers upon the
North: American continent, was upon
tho lands of tbe Jesuit missionaries, in
California, in the year 1722. They re-
appeared there in 1746, and in 1763 and
1754, and again for three years suc-
cessively, beginningwith 1705. Capt.
Jonathan Carver, who explored tho vast
region of the extreme Northwest in
1766, describes their appearance at that
early day, adding that "they infest
these parts and the interior colonies in
large swarms, and do a great deal of
misohief."
The first record we find of the ap-
Searauce of the locust in the Northwest
uring the present century is eontained
in Neul's History of Minnesota. It oc-
curred in the Red, River settlement in
the years 1818 and 1819, and was an in-
vasion in great foroe, causing much
suffering in a young oolony already
struggling with the numberless hard-
ships incident to early pionoer life. The
sphere of employment of women, influ-
ence in sooial life, eto. At last accounts
they were still talking.
—The oivil government and adminis-
tration of Turkey are based on the Ko-
ran and its textbooks, which are infal-
lible guides for every Turkish official.
They absolutely forbid any equality be-
tween . Mohammedan and Christian,
who is not allowed to carry arms, and
whose evidenoe Is not permitted to be
taken against a Mohammedan. Even
if the Porte wished to carry out tho ex-
acted reforms the Koran makes it im-
possible to do so.
—Two autograph letters of Queen
Victoria wore offered at a recent sale of
ouriosities in England. One of them
was in the child-like large script of a
beginner six years old perhaps, and
was addressed to her aunt, the late
Princess Sophia.' It is amiable, run-
ning thus: " How do you do, dear auntP
do you love poor Vicky P dearest aunt,
this Is a present for you. Victoria."
The original, In aocordanoc with the
custom of writers of so early an age, is
innocent of punctuation.
—Prince Gortchakoff, the Russiau
promlor, is 'noted for his abstemious
habits. Ho never drinks a cup of wine
and never smokes. He drinks a cup of
coffee in bed before rising, and eats but
two meals a day.- Retiring vory early
in the evening, ho sloops ten or twolvo
hours. His regular habits havo kopt
his frame in such excellent condition
that he docs not fool tho infirmities of
old age at all. He was born in 171)8,
entered upon his diplomatic careor un-
der Count Nossolcode, and became tho
Foreign Minister of Russia at the close
of the Crimean campaign. 1
Odd* and Endie
—When the Rhodo Island militia
paraded tho other day, you might havo
'heard the officers thunder forth tuelr
commands: "Guide right; steady,
tnou; don't push any onoovor into Con-
necticut 1"
—" Why didn't you put on a clean
collar before you left home!"' called out
an impertinent young fob to an omni-
bus driver. " 'CaUsu your mot hor hadn't
sent home my washing," was tho ex-
tinguishing reply.
—By this time every loving wlfo in
the land is looking around after a
Christmas prosent for her husband, with
thu understanding that the merchant is
to spud his bill down to the store lifter
the holidays.
—An outsider says; " What is the
difference betwoen tho heroine of Wliit-
tier's 'It might havo boon' poem and a
bricklaycrP" And answers, one is Maud
Midler and tho other is amtid mauler."
Norristown Herald.
—A man sweeping a sidewalk will
sometime* stay his horrid broom to let
a fellow-being pass; a woman sweep-
ing, and better the passer had crawled
Into a dust-cart. A sweet unconscious-
ness of all save her own existence
seems to characterize woman in all the
walks of lifo, particularly the sidewalks.
The woman sufl'ragists of New
Haven are debating tho question,
"What constitutes family government P"
It is possible thatthero Is an uncertain-
ty as to what the an-iwer is, but after a
man has boon gently but firmly kfckod
out of bed at 6 o'olook In the morning
lie ll apt to doubt it.
ent to early pic
account states that the grasshoppers
came from the west one afternoon in
the last week of July, ^818, ate every
thing green and deposited their eggs.
The colonists were obliged to send to
Prairie du Chien to obtain seed for their
next crop. From 1820 to 1855 there
seems to have been no marked locust
invasion in the Mississippi Valley, ex-
cepting the ravages in Texas in 1845
and again in 1849. This long interval
of quiet, may perhaps be explained by
the fact that within the interval severe
visitations were felt in California in
1828, 1838 and 1846, and by the possi-
ble fact that the locusts may have cross-
ed the Rooky Mountains, and made ad-
vance westward during those years.
Butitis plain, from the words of Carver,
alreaky quoted, that the appearance of
the locusts in the Northwest was a thing
of repeated ooourrence before the time
when he visited the country (1775), and
it is more than probable than even por-
tions of Minnesota wero visited between
1819 and 1856.
The invasion of Minnesota In 1856-7
was confined mostly to a narrow belt
upon the Upper Mississippi Valley, and
though limited in area was exceedingly
severe. They reappeared in 1864 and
1865, chiefly in the northwestern por-
tion of the State, doing but little dam-
age except in a few localities. U'hoir
next appearance was in 1868, when they
made a slight incursion. Thoy ap-
§ eared in limited numbers, doing little
amage, in 1871-2. But the period of
the most prolonged and destructive
visitation of the pests is that whioh be-
gftn in 1873, and which oontlnues to
this date. .
In the vicinity of the Saoramonto
Valley, Cal., in July, 1855, the locusts
made their appearance in great num-
bers. The air for three days, at an
elevation of from 20 to 200 feet, was
litorally thick with thom, resembling a
donao snow-storm. Great numbers fell
upon tho streets of Sacramento, and the
city seemed aetually taken by storm.
They immediately commenced the
wholesale destruction of every thing
green in the neighborhood. In the
Sacramento Valley whole orchards,
vineyards and gardens have beon con-
sumed by them. Entire fields of grain
and other orops and vegetables were
eaten up in the course of a singlo d.iy.
In some portions of the valley they an-
noyed the passongors and horses of tho
public stagos to such an extent as to
cause tho greatest inconvonionco, aud,
in some instances, so as to positively
endanger human life.
Thoy e«ron consumod tho leaves and
bark of tho jilder troo, and tho young
leavos and bark of the small branches
of the cottonwood and willow, and even
the soft greou parts of tho bullnishcs,
anil in some parts of tho Valley they ale
through gauzo and textile coverings of
all kinds, which hud beon used to shel-
ter animals and plants from their at-
tack. In tho samo year they visited
Oregon, Utah and Tojflts in great num-
bers, destroying every green thing in
their way, and fully one-half of the en-
tiro crops of all kinds. In lMftC Kansas,
Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota and other
Stales were visited. Their ravages wero
"Hilly as destructive as in California the
previous year. The principal mode for
tile destruction of the locust has been
the burning of the prairies. The In-
dians take the locusts, sweeping them
into holes or pits, or surrounding I hem
Iiy lire and driving them into tlie-cen-
ter, thus rtjasling them, ynd afli nvard
using tlieni for lood. As early as t he
years 1749, 175-1 and 175(1, the locusts
made their appearance in Maine (see
Williams's history of Maine), and de-
voured almost every green thing, even
to potato tops. No greitl.Was the alarm
occasioned among the people that days
of fasting and prayer .wore appointed
on account of threatened calamity. In
the year IX-'li the locutls made their ap-
poar*iice in New Hampshire by mil-
lion*, ami were fully as destructive as
in Maine. They destroyed tho entire
crops of the State or nearly so. Late in
autumn a heavy flood came, after which
cold woBtlHT set In and-destroyed the
eggs which had been deposited during
the summer. So abundant were 11.esc
insects, that Arnold Thompson, ol Mer-
rimae County, succeeded in catching in
a single evening, between tho honr-< of
8 and 12, five bushels and throe pecks,
by means of a sack fastened to a cross-
pole,
In Dwight's travels through New
York in tho years 1797 and 1798, thero
is an account of the locusts in Vermont,
Massachusetts aud Now Hampshire,and
thu iusccts in those States were, if pos-
sible, even more destructive. They de-
voured clover, tobacco plants, burdock,
all vegetables, and even gurmonts of
men busy in the fields. They also de-
voured the loose particles of sawdust
left on freshly sawed boards. In 1X48
Baltimore was iufested by those insects.
The locusts were so thick and destruct-
ive in gardens and grounds that negroes
were employed to drive them from the
fields and gardens with rods, and in
this way the insects were repeatedly
whipped out of the grounds, leaping
and dying before the line of castigatorB
like flocks of fowls (theso were red-leg-
ged locusts.)
From Gray's account of the West In-
dia Islands locusts there are fully as de-
structive as in the U nited States. W here
ever thoy alighted, either upon trees,
corn or green fruits, nothing was ex-
pected but ruin an4 barrenness. Ef-
forts wore made on the approaoh of the
insects to frighten them away by the
blowing of trumpets and other instru-
ments-,- and- to destroy them trenches
wore dug, and the young 'driven into
thom. Mexioo has often been infested
by locusts, and their ravages have
caused in some localities severe famine.
They often devastate various portions
Of Central America, and according to
accounts given by E.jG. Squire, are of
the same speoies as those in the United
Statea. At intervals they affiiot tbe en-
tire country. The means of defense
there resorted to are lighting of fires,
and by shouting and waving branches
to arrest, the attack.
In Palestine the inhabitant* at the
approach' of the locusts endeavor to
drive them away with smoke from burn-
ing piles of wood, and with beating of
sticks and rods upon the ground, and
of metal kettles, with, musical instru-
ments, rihouting, eto.
In Morocco, where people have been
acquainted with-locusts, and -subjected
to their ravages some portions of the
year, time without date, the people un-
dertake to destroy them with<wet and
dry ditches, into which the young in-
sects are driven and destroyed; and
also by driving horaes, cattle and sheep
over the grounds infested by them.
Long ropes have been used; these
were drawn upon the ground as low as
possiblo by two men having hold, ono
at each end, Who, at the same time,
made noise by brawling and beating,
endeavoring to drive them into trenches
dug across, or to a oloth stretched out
upon the ground and drawn up to a
ridge, where they were trampled upon
ana orushed by rollers. In the province
of New Russia the most effectual meth-
od for destroying locusts is by driving
the young into ditches dug two or three
feet doep. The Russian Government
has deoreed that a sum equal to ten
cents per pint shall be paid for the lo-
cust eggs. The locuata in Russia are
gathered at night, by the aid of a aieve,
and thrown into bags and so destroyed.
In some oountries the experiment of
watering the fields with lime water and
lye to destroy the eggs of the locust has
proved impracticable, as the eggs can
hardly be reaeh'ed to any extent.
In Ureeoo each inhabitant is requited
to take part in their destruction three
times a year. First, in destroying
their eggs; noxt, in destroying the
young larvto, and lastly, in destroying
tbe adult locust. In China ;and the Ro-
man empire, and in many part* of Tur-
key, tho rural authorities are required
to have the inhabitants attend to the
destruction of. the locust in order to
prevent their beoondhg a public
scourge. The means for their destruc-
tion were sheets spread out and the
young locusts driven on them, and put
Into bags and destroyed; also, brooms
and shovels were used for their destruc-
tion. A reward is paid for the destruc-
tion of the insects and their eggs by
those Governments. In Franoe, when
the locusts made their appearanoe, all
the people Who are able go to the res-
cue—men, women and ohildren—and
uso whatever means may be at hand.
From the earliest times, by regulation
of the Government, aoommon price has
been paid for the 14custe collected and
thoir eggs. The reward of one-half
franc ie paid for two pounds of egga,
and one-quarter frano for the same
weight of the insects. Twenty-five
thousand francs have been paid In ono
yoar for collecting 295,000 pounds of
eggs and insects. In Italy,7 Hungary
and Spain the Governments pay rewards
for the destruction of locust* or their
eggs.
In Spain they formerly swept tho
young locusts into large heaps with
long brooms-and burned thom. Eigh
teen thousand bushels were oolleeted In
throo weeks, by 8,000 men. It Js cer-
tain that many kinds of bird* are venr
destructive to the locust and are his
worst enemy. A bird in India termed
the graklo is a great consumor of the
locust and its eggs. The graklo is sim-
ilar to our California chenati) or black-
bird. Tho inhabitants of India have
killed tho giaklo to almost his exter-
mination because of his depredations
U|ion the young crops; but when this
has been effected a great increase has
occurrod of destructive insects^ and es-
pecially tho locusts. Some of Iho eggs
of the locust being accidentally intro-
duced into the Krciich Island of Bour-
bon, they multiplied so as to threaten
the devastation of tho country. Tho
Government learning tho great servicos
of the graklo of India, had a number of
pairs imported and distributed ovor the
islands under tho Govornmont's charge.
They bred vory fast, and in a few years
the locusts wero exterminated. The
graklo then began to dig tho newly
sown lields, in search of eggs, when tho
colonists, concluding that they were du.
vouring the seed, were alarmed and got
them exterminated by the Government.
In a few years they perceived their er-
ror, for the locusts again commenced
their ravages. J'pon this the Govern-
ment procured a new supply of graklcs
and the bird* cleared the islands of lo-
cu.-ls.
Thcic is a species of birds found in
immense numbers in Russia, I oland
aud.Lower Ksrvpl, ami on the shores of
'lhe 'Mediterranean, called Hie rose-eol-
orcil blackbird, that feeds on locusts
and their eggs aud larvw. II. devours
incredible numbers In day. Tlb> red-
winged starling of (he Southern Atlan-
tic Mates, described by Alexander Wil-
son, is another great enemy to the lo-
cust.. Mr. Wilson estimates thai'.!,(MiO,-
000 of tin' starling will consume ill
three weeks the < uoi'iiidiis amount of
Id,iMUi, 1)011,00(1 of the eggs and larvie of
the grasshoppers.
The large niniibcV of birds found in
our several Stales are intended as po«i-
live blessings to the people, and there
i- no doubt that suitable laws should be
paved by all Stales, and especially
those which are ravaged by locusts or
for the protection of
should bo introduced into the Uni'ed
States. These birds are a very de-
structive enemy to the locusts. They
pursue them at nii<ht, when they alight
on tho ground. It should be regarded
as a crime to shoot or catch any birds
which show thumsolvus useful to the
inhabitants. In Kgypt tho ibex waa
considered sacred, because it destroyed
reptiles and insects, especially the lo-
cust. France places her chief rallanoe
for the destruction of loeosts
birds. f
I shall not attempt any details of tha
prolonged visitation of the f *
insects, from which several^;
now suffering. Most of;
loss familiar with the i
many localities in your i
where the people havo i
uously to the last extre
ance. In my own State 1
thus far been confined
tivoly small belt along our i
nortnern borders, but within
many localities have suffered
total loss of crops for four yi
cession, and with these
tlon Is fast assuming the
tive of exterminating these _
being exterminated by them
the present year, while the '
has been little or no f
prior seasons, and less
struction ha* occurred
the insect* have laid
calities not heretofore
creating an apprehension fi
such a* has never before '
•need.
It ia a singular fact,
grasshoppers or locusts hv
various portions of this
or less, nearly every soa
100 years, none of our o!
ers or scientists have mi
ing notice of an inseot which hi
this country so much distress
rlble ravages. The natui
of the grasshopper s!
observed by oultlvi '
by the soientifio
The General Go*
ploy the ablest
to study and com;
most searching i
tions into their
best methods of eheol
and thwarting their ravi
illustrious nations of f
not disdained to devote
means to the destrai
oious insect; and
nation, whioh pridi
tloal sagacity, to
Sroblem upon
ependssolari
of its prosperity.
■ pernU
■■on
Hprafrj
■boa
of whlohl
■souroe*
yfOBSD.
ITB It.
ri strange
When I h*
lie seems
Authority
Now all VM
Ilii saddened
1 Mid you m
He's getting o
MS til iM
And not a word
lie sat
When lo, another ra
It's time to go to
Bald poor George—
And let folks go lo tMd;'"73
He's knocked upon the fioof
He'll next knoek on my bea<
on ray
liut you must oome again,
Remember, pa is old;
if he was young like you
rm sure he woul
But poor George
Tho knocklngM
And always when
Pa's got te bang
liut l hare got an
And Johiiny is msiut—*,
(bangs and
But Johnny ho is |am6
Tls true
your papa has i
no sooner said,
When lnstantiytherap
41 think
It was no
When Ins
•fit's time to go
i quickly bade dear John
Up to my room did go
And what happened r~
You Tory soon shall
I crept quite silent
While John outsich
I throw my shawl al
And Joined him at ~
Hours at the gait _
Between dear John
1 could not now
No, not if I
Pawysdei ,
In not staying
Hut knows not
•king dona
halfl
By us down at the4*tt£
I>ear papa no more rani ana snouts
For us to go to bedjy^>^
There isn't so muehwni|r ap
Since John and Uw wmA.
> /# Prm.
liiiiM.shnpptMH,
bird*, ciHTwemliy tlio Mtarlm^bliu kbiril,
lark, crow, jackdaw, stark, and that
tho ritto-colurod starling and grr'" "
Vivier, the ecoentrio Frenobman who
has made It the business oI: hi* life to
Worry the Custom-house inspeotors of
all European countries, has returned to
Franoe. Ills wont formerly was to paok
a huge trunk full of trouaor strap*, *ueh
as are worn with galtors, using hy-
draulic pressure if it were necea*ary1to
cram tivo bushels into a thrce-bn*hel
space; then to luro tho inspeotor to
open it as a suspicious package, When
naturally the contents wero overset, and
the whole force of the Cuatom-hon**
was occupied for hours in putting them
bock. A powerful Jack-in-tlic-box waa
another device of his that waa vory «no-
cossful. His latest performance at Bou-
logne is thus recounted: " M. Vivier
placod his valise and traveling-sack on
tho counter, ' What Is In tins travel-
ing-sack P* 'Two rattlesnakes,' said
Al. Vivier, meekly. The jnspector
jumpod back, and said it was unneces-
sary to open it. 'And in this valiseP
'Threo more rattlesnakes,' softly re-
sponded M. Vivior. Tho inspector
knitted bis brows for a moment, con-
sulted a tariir, and replied in an awful
voice,'That make* live rattlesnakos;
thero is no duty OB rattlesnakes unless
there are six or more. Pass this gon-
tinman's luggagol'"
—The .lews have five synagogues la
San Francisco. Tho Gorman Jews are
in the majority, and aro exceedingly
liberal in their opinions, and their ser-
vice is conducted on the reform plan.
T|>o Polish Jews, on- tho other hand,
jaro vory rigid; consequently a strong
j antipathy has grown up between these
I two sects of tho.NJowfsh Church. The
! .lews maintain their own poor, and oon-
II rilnilo liberally to tbo support of all oth-
1 (ir religious communities. Thoy hava
1 many benevolent societies, perfectly
orptni/.cd, and men and women take
I heir fair share of work and visitation.
A special from I'arls slates lliat at
liie grand concert at the t'lrque d'lllver,
given under the direction of 1'nsdelorp,
an .itti-iupt wiii mad.' t.> perform Sieg-
fried's dent It march, from Wagner's
" Niln-lungi'ii " The musician* had 110
sooner I'cgnii than the audience bc-
Invcd disgracefully, hooting and with
slnmis of •' A lias Wagner." I lie march
concluded amid deafening and disgust- j,
in,r shouting. Weber's overture to jrf.-i
'• IW KrelsehuU" shared a similar fate, yjl
so deep seated Is tho hate whloh p# , 1
* ' • iara toward JgJpWf
B)ljy
'W
m-f 4."i '^^'V •
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Robson, G. W. The Frontier Echo (Jacksboro, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 21, Ed. 1 Friday, November 24, 1876, newspaper, November 24, 1876; Jacksboro, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth233823/m1/2/: accessed July 4, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.