Well-Drilling Mechanism. Page: 15 of 17
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vices that include plunger bolts which, when
forced out under the air pressure in their
valve cylinders, engage the well casing sec--
tions which have either elongated slots or
5 grooves 17 to receive the bolts to permit of'
relative vertical movement of the casing
sections 18 and the bolts. Some of the live
air, in its course passes into the working
cylinders of the .several motor engines, and
10 the fluid pressure utilized for driving the
motor engines exhausts through the perfo-
rated top of the sinking tube, as hereinbe-
fore stated. The live air, as it continues
down through the air ducts 20, passes
15 through the ducts or ports in the drill body
for effecting the operation of lifting the
drill bit and shank for spreading the wing
bits and then 'exhausts from the said drill
body, under full pressure into the bore being
20 drilled and rises with the drillings up
through the well bore around the sinking
tube, to atmosphere.
For exhausting the air in the several air
reservoirs located within the sinking tube,
25 when it is desired to cut off the operation of
drilling or to provide for freely lifting the
drilling apparatus out of the bore made the
three-way valve in the air lead at the top of
the well is turned to the dotted position
30 (Fig. 3) which cuts the working fluid from'
the flexible feed pipe 14 and leads it into a
supplemental flexible air feed pipe 118 which
connects with a pipe section 119 that joins
with the union 112 and the exhausting mem-
35 ber 114, as is shown, in Figs. 3 and 8.
By reason of connecting the exhausting
pipe section 119 in the manner stated, it fol-
lows that when the main air feed is shifted
into the pipe 118, as stated, it closes the
40 valve 113 and thereby provides for the es-
cape of the live air through the perforated
top or head of the tube as the drill is being
extracted from the well and the said main
live air pressure cleans the well as the drill-
45 ing mechanism is lifted- out of the well.
While I have' specifically shown and de-
scribed my pneumatic rotary drill as de-
signed for well digging, it can be readily
adapted for use in sinking casings in river
50 beds for concrete piers and in many other
places where casings are to be set for piers.
It may be also so modified in its details to
adapt it for use for boring post holes for
telephone and telegraph systems.
55 The detailed construction of parts shown
and described illustrates a practical arrange-
ment of my invention, but I desire it under-
stood that I do not limit myself to the exact
structural arrangement of the parts illus-
60 trated, since they may be readily modified
and changed to suit the particular character
of the work to be done without departing
from my invention, as defined in the ap-
pended claims.Among other advantages is should b'e 65
stated in my construction, the operation, of
drilling is practically automatic, since so
long as the. air pressure is on at the top of
the well, the drill mechanism follows down
to the work, as fast as the bore is being 70
made, and drillings are exhausted through
the top of the well as made.
What I claim is:
1. A supporting cable, a drilling mecha-
nism suspended thereby, said drilling mech- 75
anism including a sinking tube having an
air reservoir, a rotary drill, an air motor
for driving the drill, means for conveying
operating air to the reservoir, air leads from
the reservoir to the air motor, and other 80
means for delivering scavenging air from
the said reservoir.
2. A supporting cable, a well casing, a
drilling mechanism suspended from the
cable and adapted to gravitate through the 85
well casing, said well mechanism including
a rotary drill having a bit located in ad-
vance of the casing, an air motor- for driv-
ing the drill, pneumatically operated clutch
devices carried on the drill mechanism for 90
engaging the well casing to hold the said
drill mechanism from turning within the
casing, and means for conveying operating
air from the surface to the air motor and
the clutch devices. 95
3. A supporting cable, a well casing, a
drilling mechanism suspended from the
cable and longitudinally movable in the
casing, pneumatically operated means for
holding the drilling mechanism from 100
turning within the casing, said drilling
mechanism including 'a rotary drill head
and a drill bit, wing bits on the drill
head adapted to be laterally projected
to ream out the hole made by the drill 105
bit, pneumatically actuated means for
lifting the drill bit relatively to the drill
head, said drill bit having engagement with
the wing bits and adapted when lifted to
sustain the said wing bits, an air motor for 110
driving the drill mechanism, and means for
conveying operating air from the surface to
the air motor and the pneumatically ac-
tuated means for lifting the drill bit.
4. In a deep well drilling' apparatus, a 115
well sinking tube, a' drill head and bit in
advance of the tube, the said drill head hav-
ing discharging passages, an air reservoir
in communication with the said discharg-
ing passages, a rotary shaft mounted with- 120
in the tube and adapted to rotate the bit head
and bit, a pneumatically operated motor
engine mounted on the tube for driving the
said shaft and means for conveying oper-
ating air to the engine and to the aforesaid 125
reservoir as the tube follows down into the
well bore whereby to operate the engine
and exhaust the well bore of the drillings.1,188,001
AIM
TQD
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May, Thomas. Well-Drilling Mechanism., patent, June 20, 1916; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth859007/m1/15/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.