Jim Hogg County Enterprise (Hebbronville, Tex.), Vol. 16, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 5, 1941 Page: 2 of 8
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m
WHO’S
NEWS
THIS
WEEK
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
By Edward C. Wayne
U. S. Plan for Hemisphere Defense
Is Charted by President’s Message
Proclaiming Full National Emergency;
Loss of Big Ships Highlights Sea Battle
'EDITOR'! MOTE—Nk»a arc tt»r**ar« la lk>w ra'ana* th«?
art lk«w at ikt aawa aaalya* »»< M Mietunlj at uti mamapap*> *
Or Sown Kraapapat Vaaao.i__
Clalh'il to Dutv
By LEMUEL F. PARTON
iConwlidtM Paaiuraa—WKU S*r\ic« t
VIEW YORK.—In hi* book. ‘Men
the Unknown." published ui
1933, Dr. Alexis Carrel revealed
profound misgivings as to whether
any existing
Dr. Carrel Charte patterns of
Human Behavior political or-
Am.JNax.MU.ry
meet the requirements of a stable
and humane civilization. He urged
collective and concentrated scientJ-
ic inquiry into the nature of the
"whole man." and possibly of the
organic quality of human society.
The particularised knowledge of
physiology and medicine he found
inadequate to supply this under-
standing.
When he went to France recently
he found a clime and laboratory for
his continued studies with the
"whole man" caught in totalitarian
misery , and in a wide context of
spiritual and emotional stress—a
zone of social pathology no doubt
revealing to Dr. Carrel's deeply
searching and penetrating eye.
Just why the Nazi overlords
of France should want to keep
him there, as reported in dis-
patches. is a mystery. There is
no evidence thst the Natis ad-
mire him. He has been no apol-
ogist for their flagrantly unsci-
entific and inhumane doings, and
if they expect to commandeer
his profound knowledge of nutri-
tion. medicine and surgery. It b
difficult to understand how they
may expect co-operation.
Dr. Carrel, a keen, compact,
round-headed little Frenchman, will
be 68 years old next month. The
world knows of his 34 years with
the Rockefeller Institute (or Med-
ical Research, the marvels he has
wrought, including his 29-year-old
living chicken heart, his distin-
guished contributions to medical
science during the World war, and
his fashioning of the mechanical
heart with the co-operation of
Charles A. Lindbergh.
In the last few years he has been
preoccupied with the range of hu-
man behavior lying outside and be-
yond medical knowledge. He
visions some kind of government by
a scientific elite. On August 14.
1939, just before the guns blazed, he
said that civilized men must "pool
their brains," or come to ultimate
failure and then added: "Our Amer-
ica. with its democratic ideal, is
based on ideologies of the Eight-
eenth century. If we used scientific
concepts instead of ideologies, we
might discover a new way of life."
PLEDGE:
From FDR
The war course of the United
States was more firmly charted by
President Roosevelt's "fireside
chat.” yet the reactions abroad were
considered as more important than
that at home, enthusiastic though it
was.
For the President went "all-out"
on the diplomatic limb for a victory
for Britain and China, pledging a
continuance of United States' aid to
the embattled democracies, and
promising wider action when and if
needed.
The speech was believed to have
settled the convoy question, the
strike issue, the use of the navy in
furtherance of a British victory,
many other questions which had
kept the people of this country in a
nightmarish condition of not know-
ing "what was coming next."
Virtually all of the American edi-
torial comment was favorable,
though many of the editorial writ-
ers took the stand that succeeding
events would show bow much of the
President's talk was words—how
much would be backed by action.
Night following Mr. Roosevelt’s
speech. Sen. Burton K. Wheeler of
Montana took the radio to inform
the nation regarding the stand of the
opposition to the President's pol-
icies He asked the President for a
new "pledge of peace.”
Rome newspapers cut the Gordian
knot and stated that the U. S. "was
virtually in the war.” German press
took a more literal view of the Pres-
ident's speech, referred only to his
"freedom of the seas" dictum,
called the United States a nation at-
tempting to be dictator of the seas.
German government sources said:
“Our ships have been ordered to
continue the blockade of Britain, to
sink all ships coming within the
combat zones, and these orders have
not been rescinded and will not be.”
Lease-lend ships had been sunk
and there was no question about it,
| VICHY:
Active .4pain
That Vichy was implementing her
German aid was seen in British dis-
patches which told of the sinking of
two French flag vessels in the Medi-
terranean. one of them a 5.000-ton
tanker loaded with oil and headed
for Tripoli.
At the same time the British re-
ported the sinking of an 13.000-ton
Axis liner, presumably Italian, car-
rying 3.000 German troops to the
same destination.
These dispatches pointed, d.s-
quietingly enough, to proof of one
of two things, possibly of both.
Either there was being planned a
strong increase in the battle of
North Africa, or the Germans were
moving in force to Dakar to create
a strong base there.
Either of these was disquieting „
enough, particularly the latter, from CRETE:
-____- Takes Turn
One of the Roosevelt adminis-
tration s most outspoken critics.
Rep. Hamilton Fish (R.) of
York, has been ordered to active
duty in the armv. He holds the
rank of colonel in the specialists'
reserve. Fish will go on duty
"with his consent” on July 1, re-
porting to Fort Bragg, N. C„ for
training.
LJ ARRY WINSTON started sub-
dividing real estate, but now
sub-divides diamonds and finds it
more profitable. He and his expert
«... • .. ~ assistants
Slicing Up Cemt ntric a $30.-
Pays Better Than 000 chip off
Subdividing Land vj*-
mond of Brazil, and when they get
rid of roughage like this they expect
to shape up a $2,000,000 central core
in the stone.
It is one of the most jittery
jobs of diamond manicuring ever
attempted, but so far is gotag
nicely. It took them a month
and seven days to make this
small, but lucrative beginning,
working on the third largest
diamond in the world. It trill
take 15 months to finish the cat-
ting. with a phosphorous bronze
blade .0035 of an inch in thick-
ness.
Reared in Los Angeles, Mr.
Winston learned the jewelry busi-
ness with his father. Returning to
New York, after a stretch in the
AEF in the World war, he decided
the war and its aftermath would
imperil all values except those of
durable old Mother Earth her-
self.
Land—that was the thing, m days
of threatened inflation and social
maladjustment. So he went into the
real estate business in New York.
The more he worked at it, the more
safe, sound and conservative seemed
the glitter of a diamond—even it
traditionally baleful. He opened a
wholesale jewelry business in New
York and soon was gathering in
some of the biggest and showiest
diamonds in the world. He paid
$900,000 for th^ Jonkers diamond of
425 carats and $700,000 for the
Vargas stone.
P)R. TOYOH1KO KAGAWA.
Japan's frail little Mahatma
Gandhi, evangelist of world brother-
hood and leader of the Chnstians in
Japan, is in New York, in further-
ance of the newly organized Church
of Japan, which he helped to estab-
lish. He expresses surprise at
talk of war with Japan and sees
ahead a world church union which
will end all wars. A tubercular little
man. Dr. Kagawa has suffered jail,
persec ution, poverty and illness. He
preaches a merger of Christianity
•Iia#!/* nrwwwMw
pun W «|rt
NATIONAL
AFFAIRS
Reviewed by
CARTER FIELD
Advisability of a nego-
tiated peace noil' is ques-
tionable ... Defense indus-
try strikes form one of
W ashington s biggest prob-
lems.
iBell Syndicate— WNU Service.1
PLANT TISSUE
‘MIRRORS’ SOIL
Furnishes an Accurate Test
For Essential Minerals.
SENATOR WHEELER
Asked for « new "peace pledge.'
whether they had been patrolled or
convoyed by U. S. naval ships or
not. But so far no American flag
ships had been sent to the bottom,
for they had been keeping
combat zones.
AMBASSADOR WIN ANT
Hit recall uas “just part of it.'
the American point of view, but the
main thing was that it showed def-
initely that Vichy was becoming
active again, this time plainly on
the German side.
It was brought to the fore again
questions about the mystery of Wey-
gand, where he was, what he was
doing, what manner of man he
might be. Defections of French
troops to the British standard in the
Near East—and crossings of the
Syrian boundary by various groups
to the Free French forces of De
Gaulle were in the reports, lending
color to the British claim that the
Gailani government was about to
fall.
The Italians were getting nowhere
in their general retreat in Ethiopia,
and division after division was sur-
rendering. But in spite of all this
news, it was evident that the Petain
government, possibly now dominat-
ed by Laval and Darlan or one of
them, was getting more and more
involved in the whole African and
Near East campaign.
The turn of events in the Battle
of Crete was against the British-
Greek defenders, and while the news
was not decisive. British reports
showed that the defenders expected
to lose the battle, and the Germans
were definite in claiming victory.
The Reich, however, claimed that
all would be over long before it was,
and seemed inclined to minimize the
cost of the fight.
The British attitude, while deplor-
ing still another disaster to her
arms was that "the fight was gal-
lant, and the troops stood up under
constant bombing longer than any-
one had expected.”
Thus again the airplane was the
turn of the battle, for in the fight
for Crete the British had the best of
it on the sea, sending a reported
5,000 Germans to the bottom, and
preventing the landing of sea-borne
troops while still landing some
quantities of reinforcements them-
selves.
On land, also, the British at the
outset had the superior force, and
all forces opposed to them had
come in by plane.
This, from the German standpoint,
was the highly favorable result of the
campaign, that an army, with no
land approach, could still be landed
and take an island away from occu-
pying forces who had some time to
prepare their positions.
The formula? Simply to gain
first, mastery of the air; second, to
be willing to land men with modern
weapons, even light tanks and light
fieldpieces, in such ever-flowing
quantities, regardless of losses, so
that the enemy will finally be out-
numbered; third, to keep a relent-
less bombing of the enemy from the
skies during the battle, and an end-
less supply of ammunition, also
from the skies, for the air-borne
army.
Data that Hitler’s men were able
to accumulate included the fact that
artillery alone cannot make an air-
This might have far-reaching ef- field unusable, despite the hundreds
fects, not only on the present situa- of shell craters created. Evidently
tion. but on the future disposition of
national power after the war should
be enced. Particularly would it af-
oul of | feet the diplomatic interchanges go-
ing on between Vichy and the United
But that they would be rank m the ; States.
ftrture no one seemed to doubt, and The sudden recall of Ambassador
America interestedly, rather than Winant to Washington for a confer-
anyhwilly, looked ter that day to see ence with the President and the
what action would be taken. cabinet was just part of it. Vichy
The first shots to bo exchanged be- was in the midst of all that was
these can be repaired even under
fire, and the field still used.
Germans wondered (and British
did too) whether this formula for
the battle of Crete might not be
transferred to Britain, and result in
the capture of the British Isles. But
the British felt that while the tech-
nique had worked in Crete, might it
net fail over England, where air-
mastery could hardly be won by an
moving on the continent, like a vol- enemy willing only to come over at
tween Art.er-can-flag naval vessels
and German plsrws, surface raiders i cano emitting smoke after a long night; where instead of a few thou-
SHIP:
For S hip
or submarine was still to be fired. | quiescent period,
bat most observers expected that,
following the President's taik that
this fir.r.g was just a matter of time,
and that it might not be long.
The British reaction to the presi-
dent a 1 address was prompt and ju-
bilant. They accepted the pledge
of American aid of a more complete
and vigorous type than heretofore
with enthusiasm, though the British
"man in the street," not conversant
with America's problems and politi-
cal battling*. was rather befuddled
by it all.
OEM’S:
Report
Following a year of OPM function-
ing, Knudsen gave the country, at
about the time of the President's
epochal address, information which
was more encouraging than any-
thing that had come before.
Mass production, said Knudsen,
was really now beginning to roll,
with planes in April 1,300, in May
1,600, and similar increases, some
of them more spectacular, all along
the line.
The use of Cataline planes in the
Bismarck battle showed that there
were few British encounters now in
which American-made equipment
was not functioning.
Then along came the President’s
speech, asking for doubling of this,
tripling of that, and three billions
for planes—and in spite of the pres-
sure which his demands put on the
industrial situation, it began to be
possible for Americans to visualize4
50,000 planet, 10,000 tanks, and some
of the other goals this country had
aet itself.
sands of air-borne soldiers, close to
a million would have to be sent.
The general British feeling was—
let them try 4, we are ready—and
indeed the enormous British army
Down to the bottom of the Atlanfc 0( defense might well be straining
for action, with the Tommies in
North Africa, Crete and the Balkans
getting it all.
NEAREAST:
ocean went H. M. S. Hood, 42,100
tons, with about 1,300 men aboard,
victim of an “unlucky hit” from the
15-inch gur.s of the Reich's great
battleship Bismarck.
Three days later, down to the bot- And Africa
tom of the same Atlantic went the ^ ‘ . , .
B.srr.arck, victim of a "lucky hit" ^ e Re;ch. apparently fearful that
on her propellers from a British American aid to Britain might
torpedo plane. | change the situation, particularly in
But the whole Bismarck story, ob- Near-East and in North Africa,
servers generally felt, might change, w as *Pe^ding up all effort, spear-
if it had not already changed, the headed by the Battle of Crete, to
whole story of naval warfare. It control of the Mediterranean
brought the airplane into new prom- before the aid began flowing full
mence, and showed that this arm of force.
present-day navies had not been g:v- ** mig.^t have been for this reason
en the notice it deserved. that the British felt fairly good over
Indeed, the plane-battleship con- liie Battle of Greece and the Battle
troversy got a sharper answer dur* °* Crete, no matter what the out-
ing the past lew weeks from the , come, for they pointed out that
Hood-B:smarck battle and the Cretan Greece and Crete had taken the Ger-
encountcr of the Mediterranean rnans lorger than the entire cam-
British fleet with the Stukas than it paign against Norway, France and
the Low Countries.
had thus far in the war.
In both of these battles the planes
gave a good account of themselves.
The British admitted the loss of two
It was the British feeling that the
wider the land battle spread itself,
the worse for Germany, and no
cruisers and four destroyers, in the ] worse for Britain, because she had
battle of Crete, and while the ships 10 *° dispose her forces tnat all battle
of war prevented any- ship-crossing
to the island, it was at terrific cost.
It is true that planes cost a good
deal, but it takes around a million
dollars to build a destroyer, and
anywhere from 10 to 30 millions for
a bigger cruiser, and those millions
lost in the Crete battle would have
bought even more than the "hun-
dreds" of Stukas engaged, and only
relatively few of which were lost.
fronts were guarded anyway.
There were thousands upon thou-
sands of British troops, well armed
and equipped, "sitting on their
hands" in England, in Singapore and
ui India.
So the British were trying des-
perately to overcome the Nazi-
controlled Gailani government in
Iraq so as to be able still more to
delay the eventual fall of Suez.
WASHINGTON—It is interesting
to examine the logic that is govern-
ing the isolationists in the senate,
whether one agrees with it or not.
For instance, take Sen Burton K.
Wheeler, of Montana, He was kid-
ded by some friends the other day
as to his present motives.
“Listen," said Wheeler, indignant-
ly, "I am doing what I am doing
because my conscience will not let
me do anything else.
"We ought to have peace right
now, and there is no reason why
we should not have it. There has
never been a tinfe when Germany
was not willing to make peace with-
out disturbing the integrity of the
British empire—if one excepts the
African colonies.”
There are two flies in this oint-
ment, as his friends hastened to
point out. One is that a peace now
would leave Australia and New Zea-
land at the mercy of another Axis
partner, Japan. The Australians are
very frank about this. They think
they sink or swim with the British
empire. If Britain goes down, the
Anzacs think that it would be only
a question of time before they would
be overrun by the Japanese.
HITLER'S PROMISES WORTULES
The other fly is that unfortunately
for the prospects for any negotiated
peace, no one in high position in
any country is willing to trust Hit-
ler. He makes no bones about his
plans to break any promise when-
ever it should be to the interest of
Germany, as he sees it, to do so.
It has been pointed out frequently
that if Hitler had kept his word
pledged at Munich, he could have
taken the Polish corridor without
plunging Europe into the second
World war. In fact there is reason-
able certainty that he could have
gotten back the African colonies that
belonged to Germany up to 1914.
But instead of keeping his word
pledged at Munich, Hitler seized the
rest of Czechoslovakia shortly there-
after. Hence when it came to the
Polish corridor the British and
French could not believe him.
So that promising to leave Britain
intact now would not carry any real
assurance to the British people.
They would rather fight it out now
than live in fear through an armi-
stice.
• • •
Congressmen Discuss
Defense Industry Strikes
Just how long the patience of
Franklin D. Roosevelt is going to
last about this business of strikes in
the national defense industries is
the biggest question mark in Wash-
ington today.
The President knows that his fig-
ures about the small percentage of
workers involved in national de-
fense strikes are misleading. He
knows that the difference between
1,000 planes and 1,500 planes pro-
duced in a month, may mean the dif-
ference between victory and defeat
—between winning the war and los-
ing it. In fact, it is entirely possi-
ble that the difference between the
production of 1,000 planes and 1,002
planes would be decisive.
Military experts have often ar-
gued that if the Confederates had
possessed a dozen breech loading
cannon at Gettysburg, instead of only
two, they would have won that bat-
tle and the war. They could have
shelled the Union forces off that
ridge instead of letting Pickett lead
his men to slaughter and renulse.
HITLER BREAKS PROMISES
Feeling in Congress is getting hot
ter and hotter about the situation.
“An editorial in the Detroit
Times,” Rep. George A. Dondcro of
Michigan, said on the floor of the
house, “truthfully said that strikes
in our defense production plants con-
stituted the bottleneck out of which
‘we may try to pull our head when
it is too late, as was the case in
France, which lost her the war with
Germany, mainly because she would
not inaugurate compulsory arbitra-
tion in her defense industries.'
"That paragraph," Mr. Dondero
continued, "ought to be pasted above
the desk of every member of con-
gress. It ought to be read every
night in every home in this brodd,
free land of ours. There is no guar-
antee that it may not become a
j prophecy unless we face this prob-
lem honestly, frankly, and wisely."
Mr. Dondero quoted further from
this same editorial: "We either have
not the power—or will not use the
power—to order peace in our de-
fense industries, to order compul-
sory arbitration of all differences
by the employer and employee in
; those matters that aim straight at
our vitals—strikes which arc so evi-
dently fomented by Communists."
"We are actually now,” Mr. Don-
dero continued, "in the process of
' demanding from the youth of our
land the supreme sacrifice if neces-
sary, yet wc continue to temporize
with a situation which constitutes a
greater danger tq the defense and
security of this nation than u whole
divisions of those brave young boys
were stricken by plague."
By DR. GEORGE D. SCARSETII
(Soil Chemist Purdue University Agrieultuitl
Experiment Station)
An effective checkup of the "con-
veyor belts" that supply farm crops
with food from the soil can be made
during the growing season by means
of Tissue Tests. These tests will
tell whether the growing plants are
receiving their principal nourish-
ment-nitrogen, phosphorus and pot-
ash—in balanced amounts.
The tissue test of plants, like the
rapid chemical test of the soil, af-
fords a quick diagnosis of plant nu-
trition or starvation. The proper
use of either of these tests make it
possible for the farmer more accu-
rately to determine the fertilizer
needs-of various crops on individual
fields.
The tissue test consists of splitting
open stalks or leaf stems of corn or
other growing crops and cutting out
thin pieces of tissue. These pieces
are placed in a glass vial containing
a chemical agent. The reaction of
the chemical to the plant tissue re-
veals the presence or absence of
the necessary plant foods.
Usually six or eight samples rep-
resentative of the type of plants
growing in a field will suffice. Cer-
tain parts of a plant give more reli-
able indications of fertilizer needs
than others. In analyzing com, tis-
sue from the base of the main stalk
is best suited for a nitrogen test.
For phosphorus, the tip of the main
stalk or the main stalk just below
the tassel is best, while for potash
the base of the leaf at the ear node
is most effective.
If the nitrogen supply of com
plants is deficient, the test for ni-
trates will be negative, while those
for phosphates and potash may be
high. The corn plants in such a
case are likely to be stunted.
Leaves will be greenish yellow, with
yellowing tissues following the mid-
rib from the tip end.
If the phosphate "conveyor belt”
runs empty, tests are likely to
show: Nitrates high, phosphates
negative and potash high. Physical
symptoms will be plants dark green
in color with spindly growth, but
with leaves otherwise normal.
When potash is insufficient, tests
will show nitrates and phosphorus
both high while potash is low.
Plants will be weak, dark green in
color with leaves showing a mar-
ginal scorch.
AGRICULTURE
IN INDUSTRY
By Flczenc* C. Weed ^
AvAsdKMMMT Jk SUWKjUjraMW
(This is one ol e series oi articles showing
how Inrm products art had ng an important
market in industry.)
Milk
It is a modern miracle that a
man can tip his hat made of milk
and yet it won't spill. Following
the lead of Italy, American research
workers have produced a "milk
wool” which they claim is much
superior to the foreign product. It
is cheap, long wearing and takes
color well and can probably be used
for upholstering material. At pres-
ent, it is going into men’s hats.
In recent years, the ingenuity of
government and dairy scientists has
uncovered new uses for 30,000,000,-
000 quarts which once was wasted.
It goes into casein for coating pa-
per, making window shades and
manufacturing a paste paint which
is thinned with water. It is the
base for insecticide sprays and a
filler for cloth. Textiles, leather tan-
ning. and color plating industries
use lactic acid in their manufac-
turing processes.
Akin to the many food uses are
the new milk-derived animal feeds
for poultry and livestock. Some in-
gredients for popular vitamin cap-
sules ore also obtained from milk.
Milk plastics are being made into
small articles such ss buttons, door
handles and book ends. Casein is
fabricated into lamp bases, backs
for pin-up lamps, and bowl diffus-
ers for indirect lighting.
Still in the experimental stage are
wines of sherry and sauterne type
which can be made from milk whey.
A resin made from lactose may be
adaptable as lining for food con-
tainers.
There is probably more research
going on in dairies and creameries
than in any other industry, but in
spite of the advance, there remain
24,000,000,000 quarts of skimmed
milk without a commercial outlet.
Agriculture News
The farmer's share of the cons
er’s dollar spent for 58 diffc
foods, averaged 42 cents in 1
compared with 41 cents in 1939
40 cents in 1938.
t • • •
Farmers of the United States
now passing up every year $150.1
000 of income that could be real
through better management of f
»«/» Ui* U. S. ivrest sen
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McGee, J. Frank. Jim Hogg County Enterprise (Hebbronville, Tex.), Vol. 16, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 5, 1941, newspaper, June 5, 1941; Hebbronville, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1016822/m1/2/?q=music: accessed June 21, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .