Jim Hogg County Enterprise (Hebbronville, Tex.), Vol. 16, No. 15, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 21, 1941 Page: 2 of 8
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THE JIM HOGG COUNTY ENTERPRISE
1
WHO'S
NEWS
THIS
WEEK
By LEMUEL F. PARTON
(Consolidated Feature*-WNU Service.)
VIEW YORK —United States army
I * men feared, when Maj. Gen.
Allen W. Gullion was passed by in
favor of Lieut. Col. Lewis B. Mersey
_ _ ... _ as adminis-
Gen. Gullion Stay* trator of the
In Army; Fellow selective
SoUUr. Are Clod
dent Roosevelt in all likelihood had
him in mind tor some important
civilian duty.
Not that such a compliment
would not have been appreciate
ed by General Gullion’s fellow
soldiers. It was merely that his
legal services as judge advo-
cate-general, to which office he
was appointed in 1937, were so
valuable as to cause wonder as
to Just what officer could in pre-
cise degree fill the place of a
man who, in addition to the Dis-
tinguished Service medal—for
administrative brilliancy as
chief of the mobilization division
in the provost marshal’s office
In the first World war—holds
a bachelor of law degree as a
graduate of the University of
Kentucky law school.
But the army keepB him, after all,
by virtue of his appointment as head
of the re-created office of provost
marshal-general with duties includ-
ing the training and command of
military police, supervision of in-
ternment camps for aliens and re-
lated activities. It will perhaps be
recalled that this office was held in
1917-18 by Maj. Gen. Enoch Crow,
der.
General Gullion, now 61 years
old, having been born in Carrol-
ton, Ky„ in 1880, was graduated
from Centre college in 1901 and
from West Point in 1903. While
on duty as professor of military
science and tactics at the Uni-
versity of Kentucky in 1914 he
took the law course, being grad-
uated with an LL.B.
During 1929 he was the war de-
partment representative at an inter-
national conference of 47 nations at
Geneva to formulate a code for the
handling of prisoners of war and to
revise the Geneva convention of
1906. A graduate of the school of
command and general staff at Fort
Leavenworth, his experience as a
student of arms was broadened by
a course of study at the naval war
college, Newport, R. I., from w%ich
he was graduated in 1932, having
the previous year completed his
courses in the army war college.
DUSY at the moment fixing up
headquarters in Philadelphia,
John B. Kelly, new federal director
of health training for the men
Health Chit! Out
To Make l/a Step tion, retires
Into Sound Bodies a» chairman
of the Dem-
ocratic city committee, a post he
has held for eight years, in order
that politics, or any suspicion of the
same, shall be divorced from his
duties. Kelly places physique above
politics at all times and he rejoices
as heartily at sight of a physically
puissant Republican as a herculean
Democrat and always has.
Since the Civil war the tortu-
ous waters of the Schuylkill riv-
er have been dotted on pleasant
afternoons of the spring and
summer with the fragile shells
of single sculls oarsmen. The
stream ia the national home of
sculling and many a champion
has been sent forth from those
placid waters. Kelly—Handsome
Jack, as he was, and is, fondly
known—was one of these scull-
ers. He took to the water as
soon as he could handle a pair
of oars and his fame was estab-
lished in 1920 when he won the
Olympic championship in sculls,
a feat he repeated in 1924.
Always an enthusiast for a sound
body—he is willing to let the sane
mind develop as an inevitable corol-
lary—Kelly has been preaching the
virtues of trained physique with all
the ardor of an evangelist in the
years since his retirement from
competitive rowing. A successful
brick contractor, his political life
has been characterized by wide ex-
perience and rugged battling in the
Republican party of which he was
once a member, as well as in his
present affiliation, the Democratic
party.
A/IRS. JOHN L. WHITEHURST,
president of the General Fed-
eration of Women’s Clubs, protests
against the exclusion of women in
the national home defense program,
alleging discrimination against her
sex She also inveighs against the
civil aeronautics board for its ac-
tion in closing civilian pilot training
programs to women. She will ask
the General Federation to take
steps in both matters. The wife
of a Baltimore business man, she
has been active in women s club af-
fairs for 25 years.
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
By Edward C. Wayne
Roosevelt-Churchill Meeting at Sea
Brings Joint Declaration of War Aims
Seeking *A Better Future’ for World;
Vichy-Nazi Collaboration Strengthened
__ iRcUnMd by W«*t«rn N*w»pjp«f Union 1
Zy-M
m
I
m
W.f
1
If
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT PRIME MINISTER CHURCHILL
From their historic meeting at tea came an eight-point joint declaration 0/ general
war aims and a plan for “a better future for the world."
(See below: HISTORIC MEETING—A Declaration )
HISTORIC MEETING:
A Declaration
After a secret meeting at sea.
President Roosevelt and Prime Min-
ister Churchill of Great Britain,
issued and signed a joint declara-
tion of general war aims.
This declaration in its introduc-
tion explained that two men, "being
met together, deem it right to make
known certain common principles in
the national policies of their re-
spective countries on which they
base their hopes for a better future
for the world.’
The declaration then went on to
outline the sort of world that would
be sought following the end of the
war. In its eight point text, the
message expressed in a general way
the foreign policy of the present U. S.
administration and from the British
point of view it was most concrete
statement of war aims yet disclosed
by that government.
In the opening point of the dec-
laration it was declared that neither
the U. S. nor Britain sought "ag-
grandizement, territorial, or other.”
In the next and following points the
ideals expressed included: the right
of all peoples to choose their own
form of government; a system of
world trade working to the benefit
of all nations; a desire for "fullest
collaboration between all nations in
the economic field"; "after the final
destruction of Nazi tyranny” hope
was expressed for a peace in which
all nations could exist in safety and
"traverse the high seas . . . with-
out hindrance”; and finally, a plea
for the abandonment of the use of
force between nations of the world.
This historic document and meet-
ing, when they were announced end-
ed two weeks of rumors about the
possibility of the men meeting. No
sooner had the President left Wash-
ington on what was announced to
be a short vacation cruise before
the speculation and guessing began
to sweep through this country and
England. Churchill was said to be
absent from London on pertinent
"war matters.”
For five days no direct word as
to the President’s whereabouts was
available to the U. S. public. Then
came word that an announcement
was to be made.
It was reported that at the meet-
ings (there were several confer-
ences) high ranking army and naval
officials of both countries were pres-
ent. From the White House came a
statement that they had examined
"the whole problem of the supply of
munitions of war.”
DRAMA:
In W ashington
It was high drama, that passage
of the bill which makes the service
of selectees, guardsmen and regu-
lars 18 months more than they
signed up for.
The closeness of the vote, 203 to
202, was part of it, but the sudden-
ness with which it came, the bitter-
ness of the press and forensic
fight on the measure, gave the bat-
tle its punch and severity.
The climax came when the calm
voice of Speaker Sam Rayburn an-
nounced the totals, a victory for
the administration by one vote.
This was met by a tumult in gal-
leries and on floor of almost inde-
scribable excitement.
It had been one of those things
that no one could have predicted,
and in which both sides felt sure
of victory until the totals had been
announced.
As the count grew late, low and
apprehensive whistles were heard
from the members of congress as
the vote balanced and then unbal-
anced each other.
The vote found the widest split of
delegations in many a year. There
were 182 Democrats for the meas-
ure and 21 Republicans; 65 Demo-
crats and 133 Republicans against.
14 paired and 14 not voting.
This vote did something that leg-
islation seldom does, in giving each
representative a keen realization of
the value of his single vote.
COLLABORATION:
Vichy-Nazi Pact
Coming at a moment when the
Russo-German war was in its most
critical stage, and at a time when
the Japanese situation was at a sort
of peak crisis, the Vichy-Nazi rap-
prochement, ending in an upset of
the government’s policy of limited
collaboration, and putting the high-
ly anti-British Darlan practically at
the helm of French allairs was a
sensation indeed.
It was one of those sensations of
the type that "we knew all along
was going to happen, but it was
still a major shock when it hap-
pened.”
One was forced to look at the mat-
ter both from the British-American
viewpoint, however, and from the
viewpoint, largely a matter of one’s
imagination, of Marshal Petain
himself.
Preparatory articles had been
written by escaped Frenchmen
quoting the record of Petain’s ca-
reer to show that he had been both
obstructionist and defeatist in the
last war, and not at all the hero
that early histories had painted.
His collapse, therefore, was not
unexpected in wiser quarters, and
yet a double analysis of his reasons
was possible, one perhaps more
charitable to the old man himself,
the other perhaps a more realistic
summation of the whole affair.
Petain, one might say, viewing the
impossible situation of France, was
making a complete surrender to
Germany’s demands, hoping for and
betting on an eventual German vic-
tory, and at the same time ex-
pecting that when the debacle and
reorganization of Europe might
come, France would get some
crumbs from the conqueror’s table.
History W ill Tell
That was the realistic view of the
situation, and the one most general-
ly accepted in Britain. More char-
itable was the thought that Petain,
working for France in a country al-
ready vanquished, and with Laval
and Darlan, both friendly to the
Nazis, at his side, had no other
course than to surrender and those
so viewing his act expressed the
hope that Petain was secretly wish-
ing for a complete resistance to
German occupation of French col-
onies and bases by the Weygand
forces.
Whichever might turn out to be the
factual reason, the eventuality was
the same, for few doubted but that
the French fleet, barring British
preventive measures, perhaps aid-
ed by the United States, would be
placed at Hitler's disposal for some
move in the western Mediterranean.
Perhaps, it was said, full collabo-
ration was a prerequisite to an all-
out invasion attempt on the part of
Germany, and, if successful, a com-
plete German victory.
That, in sum, was Petain's
dream, say the British, when he ad-
dressed his people over the radio
and said: "Frenchmen, I have
grave things to tell you!”
RUSSIA:
Second Phase
Explains inoitlrnl*
35"
lnic
TOKYO. JAPA\.—Tk* fourth
annitwMn of the outbreak of
the "'Chine tc Incident" him
marked is Tokyo by speechrt by
army and mmvy hig-uigs. They
told the populai'e of the /treat
gains ma<ic hut mode no attempt
to explain the delay in the final
break-dou-n of China's defense.
Above is Lieut. Gen. Htdekt
To jo. Japanese war minister, de-
livering one of the main ad-
dresses.
The Nazis' big second push on
the eastern front was producing re-
sults in territory gained, but it still
was debatable as to whether Rus-
sian resistance was being shattered,
or whether the pattern of Chinese
resistance to Japan was being re-
peated in another sector of the
war.
Russia admitted gains of consid
erable importance on the northern
and southern fronts, with Germany
making the border claims, one as-
serting that a territory of approxi
mately 35.000 square miles had been
nipped off in the Black sea region.
They asserted their panzer divi
sions had driven down to the Black
sea coast past Odessa, trapping
within this territory some large
numbers of Russian armed forces
which, they asserted would be an-
nihilated in due course of time.
Russian fliers still continued to
raid Berlin.
r%.
X.
rFIRST-AID
to tho
AILING HOUSE
l> SOOR S. WHITMAN
ORIENT:
Ja/Htn Committed
The report that the Japanese had
landed 180,000 men in Indo-Chma
and that most of these would be con-
centrated on the Thai frontier, was
taken in British circles to mean
that the Japs were committed to
invasion, and that when it started,
Britain would find herself fighting
on a new front.
What sounded very much like an
ultimatum to Nippon was described
in dispatches from Melbourne, which
stated with positiveness that Britain
and the United States had informed
the Japanese that they must inform
the two countries "whether she
agrees to forego her policy of ex-
pansion southward,” and that a re-
ply was insisted upon within a stipu-
lated time.
Russia’s answer to Japanese ob-
, ections to the use of the Siberian
port of Vladivostok for lend-lease
ships from America was that Russia
intends to convoy such shipments
with naval vessels, producing an-
other eastern danger point.
The Russians also demanded that
Japan sign a non-aggression pact
without reservations.
The report of Japanese occupa-
tion with 180,000 troops came from
Manila, a source which also stated
that the British are forming in con-
siderable force along the Malayan
and Burmah borders of Thailand,
ready to move in if they feel Japa-
nese invasion is a certainty.
SLASH:
In Army Fund
Of considerable significance in the
Washington scene was the fact that
the senate appropriations commit-
tee made emergency history by
slashing more than a billion and a
quarter dollars from the army ap-
propriation bill, the first defense ap-
propriation amount that has not
passed with a "rubber stamp” reg-
ularity.
The committee, headed by Sena-
tor Glass of Virginia, made the cut
by unanimous vote. The cut amount-
ed to 17.3 per cent of the amount
asked, a substantial slice indeed.
The house already had passed the
bill on July 28, and had sent it to
the senate with the inclusion of an
item of $1,347,000,000 for tanks, and
for anti-tank and anti-aircraft guns.
Undersecretary of War Robert
Patterson had personally urged the
inclusion of this item. It was, he
said, “essential to the army if the
United States was to move into
armed conflict.”
The senate committee, having
slashed $1,347,000,000 by disapprov-
ing this item, then turned around
and added $112,000,000 to the bill,
thus making the net cut $1,235,000,-
000.
The main facts about the request-
ed appropriation were kept from the
public as military secrets, but it
was known that the amount asked
was for equipment for “over and
above” an army of 3,000,000 men.
In other words, this number of
men could be equipped with tanks,
anti-tank and anti-aircraft guns
through appropriations already
O.K.’d, but the committee turned
thumbs down on the additional
equipment to go beyond the 3,000,000-
man figure.
The figures called for 4,600 me-
dium tanks; 1,500 light tanks, and
that the "biggest item” was for
anti-aircraft guns, and that 1.000 of
these were to have been of 4.7 inch
caliber.
CHANNEL:
Plane Attacks
Once more the English channe
was the central scene of air war
fare with the British attacking Ger
man points in ever-increasing regu
larity and ferocity, while the Nazis
stung into action by the long serie:
of raids on Berlin, came hack acros.-
the channel with a renewal of se
vere air attacks.
Previously, for many days eve?
before the start of the Russo-Ger
man war, the Nazi attacks had beer
bv s ng'.e planes or small groups
Farm
Topics
UNCLEAN MILK
SOURS QUICKLY
Bacteria Growth Causes an
Unpleasant Taste.
* Whitman—WNU S*rvlc#.l
Chipped Enamel
eQUESTION A strip of enamel has
V/ chipped off my enameled drain
board. What can I use to patch it
with* Why should it have happened*
Answer: There is no home method
for making a permanent patch on a
chipped enamel plumbing fixture,
for the enamel was applied under a
high heat and special machinery.
The best that you can do is to put
on a patch of porcelain enamel,
which you can get at a paint or
hardware store. This will not be
permanent, but with care will last
for a few months. Directions on
the label should be carefully fol-
lowed. Chipping of enamel is due to
sudden changes in temperature. The
cast iron base and the enamel do
not expand ar.d contract at the same
rate, so that when, for example,
boiling water is poured on a cold
enameled surface, the sudden ex-
pansion separates the enamel from
its base. It is common to see the
enamel of a kitchen sink chipped
around the drain opening. This is
because hot water is turned on at
a time when the sink is cold, or
very cold water has been poured in
while the sink is still hot from a
filling of boiling water. Another
cause is the setting of a hot pressing
iron on an enameled surface. A
common cause for chipping is chop-
ping ice in a sink or on other en-
ameled surfaces.
Wallpaper Over Boards
Question: The walls of my living-
room are tongue-and-groove beaded
ceiling boards. Is there any way to
put wallpaper over them? I tried
wallpaper on one wall, but it
cracked at the seams between the
boards.
Answer: One yiray is to cover the
boards with deadening felt, or build-
ing felt before piitting on the paper.
The felt is attached with small
tacks spaced about six inches apart
in all directions,, a method that is
called “shower lacking.” The wall-
paper is pasted pn the felt; or for a
better job, the lelt is first covered
with paperhangrr’s muslin pasted
on. The paper Is then hung on the
muslin. The felt has enough soft-
ness and flexibility to give with the
movements of the ceiling boards as
they expand and contract, without
cracking the paper.
Dull Furniture Finish
Question: Our walnut furniture,
which is of excellent quality, has
turned a dull, smoky, whitish color,
which polishing does not remove.
Could we restore it ourselves? Could
it be redone in mahogany finish?
How can we be sure of the compe-
tence of a cabinet maker?
Answer: It may be possible to
take off the dullness by wiping with
a mixture of one tablespoon of vine-
gar in a quart of water. If this
does not work, try wiping with tur-
pentine. Beyond this the job is one
for a cabinet maker. I should not
advise refinishing fine furniture in
anything but its own color. Pick
your cabinet maker on the recom-
mendations of your friends; ask
them for opinions and go to the one
who seems to be best thought of.
Sweating Corners
Question: I have rebuilt my front
porch into a sun room with brick
and cinder block. The porch con-
nects with the parlor through a wide
archway. The front corners of the
sun porch sweat a lot, and the pa-
per is wet. What can I do about
it? The porch is heated through the
archway.
Answer: The mortar in your ma-
sonry walls is still drying out. The
inside plaster is chilled by contact
with the cinder blocks, and it is this
that causes sweating. The condi-
tion will continue until all the mois-
ture in the mortar has dried out.
Paint for Spraying
Question: What kind of paint is
used in the sprayer attachment that
came with our vacuum cleaner?
Could it be used for floors and
walls? What color is good for floor,
that will not show dirt and cracks
too much?
Answer: For a sprayer of that
kind use an oil paint, which should
be thinned down, usually with tur-
pentine. The paint dealer will ex-
plain what is needed for the kind of
paint that you buy. One of the
shades of tan is usually chosen for
floors exposed to hard wear. Get a
tint that is the same color as the
local dirt.
Making White Paint
Question: Can you give me the
ingredients in quantities for making
white paint, in quantities of five gal-
lons at a time?
Answer: Any local paint store sell-
ing white lead paste can furnish
you with a booklet containing com-
plete directions on the ingredients
necessary for making. The formula
and directions will be more complete
than I could give you in the limited
space of this column.
By E. W. NEASHAM
(Extension Dairyman, Louisians Stato
Uairtraitf.)
Sour milk is probably the greatest
cause of loss to the milk supply,
and yet it is one of the most simple
troubles to control.
Clean cows—clean sterilized uten-
sils—small-top milking pail—these
are the three most Important fac-
tors in improving the quality ol
milk. There is normally present in
milk from a very few to many lac-
tic acid bacteria, the organism
which causes milk to sour. When
milk is first produced it contains
about .13 per cent lactic acid, not
enough to be detected by the taste.
As the organisms grow and convert
the sugar into lactic acid, they soon
produce enough to cause the milk
to taste sour.
About 80 per cent of all bacteria
that gain entrance to milk come
from the utensils, the remainder
coming from the dust of the air, dirt
on the flanks of the animal, and
from the milker.
In cleaning utensils, they should
be rinsed immediately with cold wa-
ter as soon as emptied, then washed
in as warm water as hands can
stand, containing a good dairy or
washing powder (not soap or soap
powder.) Wash thoroughly with
brush. The final cleansing step is
sterilization, the one that destroys
or kills the bacteria. Sterilize with
steam or boiling water having a
temperature of 212 degrees F.
Dirt and fecal matter which cling
to the udder, flanks and body of the
cow introduce organisms which pro-
duce undesirable odors and flavors.
They also form gases from the sugar
of the milk.
To prevent falling dirt and hair
going into the milk the use of the
small-top pail is highly essential.
This perhaps is the most important
utensil that can be used in improv-
ing the quality of the milk.
In order to control the growth of
organisms, the milk should be kept
at a temperature of 50 degrees or
lower. At such temperature the
growth practically ceases or is so
slow as to be of little importance.
I AGRICULTURE
IN INDUSTRY
By Florence C. Weed
(This is one of a sotiaa ol articloa show-
ing bow larm products ara finding an im-
portant market in industry.)
Soy Beans
The saga of the humble bean tells
how a little-known farm product has
skyrocketed to fame in 20 years,
has been adopted by industry, and
has become the dependable cash
crop of thousands of farmers. The
1940 crop of 80,000,000 bushels will
sell around a dollar a bushel, bring-
ing a tidy sum to agriculture and
tapping vast new markets for the
farmer.
The crushing of soybean oil has
become a great new industry with
nearly 100 mills operating in the im-
portant Midwest growing centers.
Each year more beans are crushed
and the great bulk of the 82,000,000
pounds of oil goes into the making
of oleomargarine.
Other products in which the oil is
used are glycerin, linoleum, cellu-
loid, rubber substitute, soap stock,
printing ink, core binder, candles
and lecithin which is used in medi-
cines and leather tanning. Soybean
meal is being converted into glue,
fertilizer and stock and poultry feed.
Soy casein goes into paper sizing
and waterproofing of textiles. Mean-
while new food uses are multiplying
as cereals, wafers, salad oil and
candy are marketed.
Soybean plastics go into automo-
bile parts amounting to 10-15 pounds
of beans per car. Soybean oil is the
base of lustrous enamel for cars as
well as a new kind of water paint.
Soybean casein is spun and woven
into a firm upholstery fabric which
will soon appear in automobiles. At
the Ford River Rouge plant, soy-
bean plastic automobile bodies are
being made experimentally, which,
if adopted for all Ford cars, would
require 700,000 bushels of beans in
this field alone.
Principal producing states are Illi-
nois, Indiana, Iowa and Ohio. The
bean has a tariff lobby in Wash-
ington. a listing on the Chicago grain
board and the New York Producers’
Exchange.
The dairy cow can supply at least
one-fifth of the farm family’s food
supply.
• • •
One of the main objectives In
growing winter cover crops is to in-
crease soil fertility.
e • e
Blackstrap molasses is palatable
and relished by livestock. It has a
mildly laxative effect.
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McGee, J. Frank. Jim Hogg County Enterprise (Hebbronville, Tex.), Vol. 16, No. 15, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 21, 1941, newspaper, August 21, 1941; Hebbronville, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1017380/m1/2/?q=music: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .