Shiner Gazette (Shiner, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 10, 1918 Page: 2 of 8
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SHINER GAZETTE, SHINER, TEXAS
NATION’S RAILWAYS
PRESIDENT WILSON IN ADDRESS
• TO HOUSE AND SENATE MAKES
KNOWN RECOMMENDATIONS.
3-YEAR INCOME BASIS
Expresses the Hpe That Congress Will
Grant All That Is Requested, and
That It Be Given Promptly
and Ungrudgingly.
Washington.—Legislation to regu-
late the government’s operation of
railroads and to guarantee the carriers
compensation on the basis of their
■average operating income for the last
three years was asked of congress by
President Wilson in an address Friday
to both houses in joint session.
The president spoke as follows:
Gfentlemen of the Congress: I have
asked the privilege of addressing you
■in order to report that on the 28th of
December last, during the recess of
congress, acting through the secretary
of war and under the authority confer-
red': upon me by the act of congress
approved August 29, 1916, I took pos-
session and assumed control of the
railway lines of the country and the
systems of water transportation under
their control. This step seemed to be
imperatively necessary in the interest
of the public welfare, in the presence
of the great tasks of war with which
we are now dealing. As our experi-
ence develops difficulties and makes
it clear what they are, I have deemed
it my duty to remove those difficulties
wherever I have the legal power to do
so. . ,
To assume control of the vast rail-
way systems of the 'country is, I real-
ize, a very heavy responsibility, but to
fail to do so in the existing circum-
stances would have been much great-
er. I assumed the lesser responsibil-
ity rather than the weightier. I am
sure that I am speaking the mind of
all thoughtful Americans when I say
that it is our duty as the representa-
tives of the nation to do everything
that it is necessary to do to secure
their complete mobilization of the
Whole resources of America by as
■rapid and effective a means as can
he found. Transportation supplies all
the arteries of mobilization. Unless
"<r 'Tr',"^;^mbarrassed.
Xt was in the true spirit of America
and it was right that we should first
try to effect the necessary unification
under the voluntary action of those
who were in charge of the great rail-
way properties; and we did try it. The
directors of the railways responded to
the need promptly and generously.
Task Found Too Difficult.
The group of railway executives who
were charged with the task of actual
co-ordination and general direction
performed their difficult duties with
patriotic zeal and marked ability, as
was to have been expected, and did, I
believe, everything that it was pos-
sible for them to do in the circum-
stances. If I have taken the task out
of their hands, it has not been be-
cause of any dereliction or failure on
"itheir part but only because there were
some things which the government can
•do and private management can not.
We shall continue to value most high-
ly the advice and assistance of these
gentlemen, and I am sure we shall not
find them withholding it. It had be-
come unmistakably plain that only un-
der government administration can
the entire equipment of the several
systems of transportation be fully and
unreservedly thrown into a common
service without injurious discrimina-
tion against particular properties.
Only under government administra-
ition can an absolutely and unembar-
rassed common use be made of all
.tracks, terminals, terminal facilities
,and equipment of every kind. Only
tunder that authority can new ter-
minals be constructed and developed
without regard to the requirements or
[limitations of particular roads. But
lUnder government administration all
[these things will be possible—not in-
stantly, but as fast as practical diffi-
culties, which can not be conjured
away, give way before the new man-
agement.
The common administration will be
carried out with as little disturbance
of the present operating organizations
and personnel of the railways as pos-
sible. Nothing will be altered or dis-
turbed which it is not necessary to
disturb. We are serving the public
Interest and safeguarding the public
safety, but we are also regardful of
great properties are owueu und gr,
to avail ourselves of i.ho exp'erienfc;
and trained ability of those who iiaVi.
been managing them. It is necessary
that the transportation of troops and
materials, of food and’of fuel, and of
everything that is necessary for the
full mobilization of the energies and
resources of the country, should be
first considered, but it- is clearly in the
public interest also that the ordinary
activities and the normal industrial
and commercial life of the country
should be interfered with and dislo-
cated as little as possible, and the pub-
lic may rest assured that the interest
and convenience of the private shipper
will be as carefully served and safe-
guarded as it is possible to serve and
safeguard it in the present extraordi-
nary circumstances.
Proposes Positive Guarantees.
While the present authority of the
executive sufficed for all purposes of
administration, and while, of course,
all private interests must for the pres-
ent give way to the particular neces-
sity, it is, I am sure you will agree
with me, right and necessary that the
owners and creditors of the railways,
the holders of their stocks and bonds,
should receive from the government
an unqualified guarantee that their
properties will be maintained through-
out the period of federal control in as
good repair and as complete equip-
ment as at present, and that the sev-
eral roads will receive under federal
management such compensation as is
equitable and just, alike to their own-
ers and to the general public. I would
suggest the average net railway op-
erating income of the three years end-
ing June 30, 1917. I earnestly recom-
mend that these guarantees be given
by appropriate legislation, and given
gs promptly as circumstances permit.
I need not point out the essential
justice of such guarantees and their
great influence and significance as
element in the present financial and
industrial situation of the country. In-
deed, one of the strong arguments for
assuming control of the railroads at
this time is the financial argument.
It is necessary that the values of rail-
way securities should be justly and
fairly paid and that the large finan-
cial operations every year necessary
in connection with the maintenance,
operation and development of the
roads should, during the period of war,
be wisely related to the financial op-
erations of the government.
Our first duty is, of course, to con-
serve the common interest and the
common safety and to make certain
that nothing stands in the way of the
successful prosecution of the great
war for liberty and justice, but it is an
obligation of public conscience and of
public honor that the private interests
we disturb should be kept safe from
unjust injury, and it is of the utmost
consequence to the government itself
that all great financial operations
—■ u- oLaumzed and co-ordinated'
with the financial operations of the
government. No borrowing should
run athwart the borrowings of the
federal treasury, and no fundamental
industrial values should anywhere be
unnecessarily impaired.
Must Maintain Solidarity.
In the hands of many small inves-
tors in the country, as well as in na-
tional banks, in insurance companies,
in savings banks, in trust companies,
in financial agencies of every kind,
railway securities, the sum total of
which runs up to some ten or eleven
thousand millions, constitute a vital
part of the structure of credit, and the
unquestioned solidity of that structure
must be maintained.
The secretary of war, and I easily
agree that, in view of the many com-
plex interests which must be safe-
guarded and harmonized, as well as
because of his exceptional experience
and ability in this new field of govern-
mental action, the Hon. William G.
McAdoo, was the right man to assume
direct administrative control of this
new executive task. At our request he
consented to assume the authority and
duties of organizer and director gen-
eral of the new railway administra-
tion. He has assumed these duties
and his work is in active progress.
It is probably too much to expect
that even under the unified railway
administration which will now be pos-
sible, sufficient economies can be ef-
fected in the operation of the railways
to make it possible to add to .their
equipment and extend their operative
facilities as much as the present ex-
traordinary demands upon their use
will render desirable without resorting
to the national treasury for the funds.
If it is not possible it will, of course,
be necessary to resort to the congress
for grants of money for that purpose.
The secretary of the treasury will [ad-
vise with your committees with re-
gard to this very practical aspect of
the matter. For the present, I suggest
only the guarantees I have indicated
and such appropriations as are neces-
sary at the outset of this task. I take
the interest of those by whom these deal with them greatly.
Breaking Into the Society Column
V.
C*=?).
1 Mr. Coaimm wu gives a royal wakoxoe at tfat homo of Mr. tod Hrs. Qotlots yesterday. His visit was the occasion of a
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splendid Ivonao-warming.—Society Note.
THE DEATH PENALTY IS
GIVEN NEGRO SOLDIERS
Five Negroes Who Took Part in the
Riot at Houston Were Given
Extreme Penalty.
San Antonio, Tex.—Death penalties
for five and prison sentences for the
remaining ten constitute the net find-
ings of the general court martial
which recently tried fifteen negro sol-
diers, members of the Third Battalion,
Twenty-fourth United States Infantry,
on charges of murder and riotous and
munitous conduct in connection with
the Houston riot ‘of August 23, 1917.
The five men to be hanged, provided
the court’s findings are affirmed by
President Wilsbn, are:
Privates Babe Collier, Thomas Mc-
Donald, James Rpbinson, Joseph Smith
and Albert D! Wright, all of Com-
pany I.
In the cases of the ten other prison-
ers, three of the sentences are for ten
years each and ae\\en for seven years
each. None of the fifteen defendants
was acquitted.
Those sentenced
prisonment are:
Corporal John
poral Robert B. Joneii and Corporal
Earl Clowers, all of Company M.
Those sentenced to sdyen years’ im-
ten years’ im-
(.shington, Cor-
prisonment are:
Privates Louie O’Neil,\ Ed McKen-
ney, London Martin, Will ^Porter, J^hn
Smith, Eugene B. Taylor and ErnAt
Wilson, all of Company h \
The prison sentences carry dishon-
orable discharge from the army a;ad
due or to become due. __________
The death sentences will be.'sus-
pended until President Wilson 'cakes
action; then, in the event he approves
the court’s findings, the five negroes
will be hanged immediately.
The men sentenced to prison will be
sent early next week to the United
States disciplinary barracks, Fort
Leavenworth, Kansas.
The fifteen negroes affected by the
court’s findings were part of “lower
A” guard at Camp Logan at the time
of the Houston riot. Evidence w;
presented at the trial to show thal
they had left their posts and marche
out toward the camp of other member]
of the battalion who had mutinie
The specific charge against the:
upon which five were given the dea
penalty, was murder committed up
the person of $]. M. Jones, a jitn
driver.
The court in this case was prac
cally the same in personnel as th;
which sat upon the cases of the th
teen negro soldiers who were hang
in San Antonio December 11 last,
announcing the findings Wednesda]
the military authorities stated that
considering the cases of the sew
men sentenced to seven years’ impri
onment each, four previous conv
tions, all for minor offenses, w
taken into account.
Oil Operators to Comply.
Houston, Tex.—More than 250
field operators from Texas and Loul
iana met Wednesday in Houston af
formulated a reply to Yerner Z. Re<{
a member of the president’s mediatil
committee, refusing to abide by
findings, handed down recently
Houston, wherein he directed the
erators to put in effect the eight-hc
day in the oil fields and arrange to
new wage scale. The strike w|
called off by the union committee
the direction of Mr. Reed as of Chril
mas Eve, and the operators were givj
until January 5 to file their answl
with the commission.
THE GREAT TASK OF
GATHERING INCOME TAX
Reports to Be Filed With Government
Before March 1—Rates for Mar-
ried and Single Men.
Washington.—The great task of
gathering income tax and excess prof-
its returns began with the new year
Tuesdajl.
Every unmarried person earning
more than $1,000 during the last year
and every married person or head of a
family who made more than ^2,000
must file with the internal revenue
collector of his district a report any
time between January 1 and March 1.
He will be notified before June 1 •of
the tax due, and payment will be due
by June 15.
The government expects to receive
$1,201,000,000 from income taxes be-
fore July 1, including $666,000,000^from
Individuals and $535,000,000 from cor-
porations. This is more than one-
third of the $3,400,000,000 estimated
receipts under the war revenue act
passed by congress at the last session.
The rate of tax for a married man
or the Head of a family is 2 per cent on
the amount of his net income exceed-
ing $2,000, but less than $4,000, and 4
per cent on the amount of his net in-
come above $4,000 but less than $5,000.
An unmarried person not the head of
a family will pay 2 per cent on the
amount of net income above $1,000,
but less than $3,000, and 4 per cent on
the net income above $3,000 but less
than $5,000.
SjSJSLTt Wr®*-' An extra levy or surtax in addition
to the normal tax is imposed on in-
comes above $5,000, so that the
amount of income between $5,000 and
$7,500 is subject to a total income tax,
including both normal and extra, of 5
per cent, and between $7,500 and $10,-
000 6 per cent. The surtax further
increases with higher incomes, so that
amounts of $1,000,000 are taxable at
65 per cent, with I per cent additional
for each half million up to two million
dollars. All incomes over the latter
amount are taxable at 67 per cent.
Typical income tax levies on heads
Linseed Cake Withheld from Expor
Washington.—Fifty thousand tc
of linseed cake originally consigned I
the liberty of expressing the hope that j Holland, but held up because the Nej
the congress may grant these prompt- erlands government refused guar/
ly and ungrudgingly. We are dealing
with great matters and will, I am sure,
Production of Coastal Oil Fields.
Houston, Tex.—A marked decline in
the production of the oil fields of the
coastal bqlt occurred during the week
ended Saturday and the week closed
with the amount less by 10,000 bar-
rels than it was last week. This was
largely due to the fact that several
big wells in the Goose Creek field
stopped flowing, but Humble and Sour
/Lake both showed declines from last
week, as did most of the other fields,
.though in lesser quantity, despite com-
-pletions.
Food Situation in Europe.
Washington.—The food situation in
the allied countries of Europe is
graver than it has .been at any time
since the beginning of the war and is
giving American government officials
deep concern. Official reports picture
extreme food shortage in France,
Great Britain and Italy. The facts
that conditions in Germany and Aus-
tria are far worse offer the only
grounds for optimism in viewing the
situation.
tees not to permit dairy products to |
into Germany, will be sold at the
quest of the consignees.
Sinking of Nertrals in 1917.
London.—Last year 367 Norwegi
vessels, with an aggregate tonnage]
568,000, were sunk. Since the bed
ning' of the war 215 Danish ships, wl
a total tonnage of 224,000, have be]
sunk and 234 Danes have been kill]
Arrested for Illegal Entry.
Brownsville, Tex.—United Sta!
immigration authorities Friday, o
warrant from Washington charging
legal entry into the United Sta
placed under arrest Lorenzo
and Eugenio Cuellar.
NEGOTIATIONS FOR
PEACE IN RUSSIA
COMES IS NAIM
RUSSIANS' REQUEST TO CHANGE
MEETING PLACE TO STOCK-
HOLM CAUSED SUSPENSION.
Lloyd George in Stating War Aims of
Great Britain, Demands Restoration
of Conquered Territory and
Reparation for Damage.
An official statement issued at Ber-
lin Sunday and fox-warded to London
announced that because of the Russian
request to transfer the peace pour-
parlers from Brest-Litovsk to Stock-
holm, the central powers had tempo-
rarily suspended negotiations with
Russia.
The message, which was filed at
Zurich on Saturday, said:
“Another crown qduncil was held
today at Berlin at which Field Mar-
shal von Hindenburg and General von
Ludendorf attended. After the meet-
ing the following official statement
was issued:
“‘In consequence of the request of
the Russian government to transfer
the seat of negotiations from Brest-
Litovsk to Stockholm the central pow-
ers have temporarily suspended the
negotiations with Russia.' ”
Lloyd George States War Aims.
The British prime minister, David
Lloyd George, Saturday in London set
forth Great Britain’s war aims more
specifically and at greater length be-
fore the delegates of the trades union
than he had ever done before.
Having first declared that it was
not a war of aggression against Ger-
many or the German people, and that
the breaking up of German peoples or
the disintegration of their state was
not one of the objects for which the
allies were fighting, he proceeded to
mention the fundamental issues for
which Britain and her allies were con-
tending.
First among these was the restora-
tion of Belgium and reparation for the
damages inflicted. Next came the res-
toration of Serbia, Montenegro and
the occupied parts of France, Italy
and Roumania. France must have
Alsace-Lorraine, and to this end, said
the premier, the British nation would
stand by the French democracy to the
death.
The question of Russia was touched
upon, and Mr. Lloyd George said that
Britain, as well as America, France
and Italy, would have been proud to
fight by the side of the new Russian
democracy. But now Russia could only
be saved by her own people. He de-
clared for an independent Poland, an
urgent necessity for the stability of
Western Europe.
Roumania is to be protected and the
British and other allies are with Italy
in her desire for complete union of
the people of Italian race and tongue.
Austria-Hungary, he felt, that while
the breaking up of the dual kingdom
wds no part of the allied war aims,
it was impossible to hope for the re-
moval of causes of unrest in that part
of Europe unless genuine self-govern-
ment was granted the Austro-Hunga-
rian nationalities.
The Turkish empire within the
homelands of the Turkish race, with
Constantinople as its capital, may be
maintained. But the passage between
the Mediterranean and the Black Sea
must be internationalized and neutral-
ized, and, in the British view, Arabia,
Armenia, Mesopotamia, Syria and Pal-
estine are entitled to recognition of
their separate national conditions.
The matter of the German colonies,
all of which are now in the hands of
the allies, will be placed before a con-
ference, whose decision, however,
must consider the wishes and inter-
ests of the inhabitants—the future ad-
ministration must be acceptable to
the various tribes,
The premier made brief reference to
the violations of international law
committed by Germany with special
emphasis on the sea, and the peace
conference, he declared, must not lose
sight of the outrages suffered by Brit-
ish and other seamen and the services
they had rendered.
The three cardinal points of the
British terms as enunciated by the
British prime minister are: Re-estab-
lishment of the sanctity of the trea-
ties; territorial settlement based on
the right of self-determination or the
consent of the governed; the creation
of an international organization to
limit armaments and diminish the
probability of war.
Free passage of the Dardanelles for
Russian ships, Russian evacuation of
Turkish territory and the demobiliza-
tion of the Russian Black Sea fleet are
provided for in the draft of Turkish
peace terms presented to Russia. Tur-
key, it is provided, is to retain her
active army in consequence of the con-
tinuation of war against the entente.
The main points in the draft pre-
sented by the Turkish delegates are
as follows:
1. Frontier lines to remain as be-
fore the war.
2. Within two years of the conclu-
sion of peace the contracting parties
shall conclude a convention respect-
ing sea trade and consulates.
3. War losses incurred by individ-
uals to be refunded.
Compounded of vegetable
drugs in a perfectly appointed
laboratory by skilled chemists,
after the prescription of a suc-
cessful physician of wide ex-
perience, and approved by the
experience of tens of thous-
ands in the last forty-five
years.
Parana’s Success
rests strictly on its merit a3 a
truly scientific treatment for
all diseases of catarrhal symp-
toms. It has come to be the
recognized standby of the
American home because it has
deserved to be, and it stands
today as firm as the eternal
hills in the confidence of an
enormous number.
What Helped Them May Help You
Get our free booklet, “Health
and How to Have It,” of your drug-
gist, or write direct to us.
The Peruna Company
Columbus, Ohio
Regulation Rescue.
“I was in a train the other day
when a spark from a cigar fell on a
lady’s dress and set her on fire.”
“How was she saved?”
“She happened to be in the smok-
ing car, and so the conductor put her
out.”
A HINT TO WISE WOMEN.
Don’t suffer torture when all female
troubles will vanish in thin air after using
“Femenina.” Price 50c and $1.00—Adv.
Anti-Leak Device for Brushes.
The following is a good method for
preventing the color or wash from
running down over the handle of a
large brush when overhead work is
being done. Take a good, large sponge,
oblong in shape, if possible, and cut
a slit in it to allow it to slip over the
brush handle. Push it up as far as
it will go and tie a cord on the handle
to prevent it from slipping back. The
sponge, we are assured, will take care
of all the leaking color, and it can be
wrung out at any time while on the
brush.
DON’T EXPERIMENT
with your Liver or your Bowels. Avoid
strong purgatives and calomel. Use
the well known genuine Liver Stimu-
lants, Bond’s Liver Pills. They are
Small-Mild-Effective and Reliable. One
pill at bedtime—you wake up well. Adv.
Indefinite.
“Does Doctor Skillem still think all
appendicitis cases demand immediate
operations?”
“I believe he has cut all that out.”
DON’T SNIFFLE.
You can rid yourself of that cold in
the head by taking Laxative Quinidlne
Tablets. Price 25c. Also used in
cases of La Grippe and for severe
headaches. Remember that.—Adv.
According to the Season.
We are again reminded that thin ice
now invites the insect who likes to
rock the boat.
POWERFUL,
PENETRATING
LINIMENT
Quickly healing and sooth-
ing the pains of Neuralgia,
Headache, Rheumatism, Cuts,
Bums, Sprains and Bruises.
35c and 70c bottles at your
druggists.
A. B. Richards Ned. Co., Inc.
Sherman, Tezas
HUNT’S
LIGHTNING
OIL
I MW...
pi}!
wnu Bald So Young
Rub Dandruff and
~ -1 Itching with
k /Cuticura Ointment
Shampoo with Cuticura Soap
Sold everywhere.Soap 25<0intmeirt 25{50t
TYPHOID
is no more necessary
than Smallpox. Army
experience has demonstrated
the almost miraculous effi-
cacy, and harmlessness, of Antityphoid Vaccination.
Be vaccinated NOW by your physician, you and
your family. It is more vital than house insurance.
Ask your physician, druggist, or send for*“Have
you had Typhoid?” telling of Typhoid Vaccine,
results from use, and danger from Typhoid Carriers.
THE CUTTER LABORATORY, BERKELEY. CAL
PRODUCIHS VACCINES ft SERl’MS UNDER U. S. SOV. LICENSE
, SHOPS? TREATMENT. Gives quick relief.
I anwi wl Boon removes swelling: and short
breath. Never heard of Its equal for dropsy.
Iry It. Trial treatment sent FREE, by mall.
„ Write to DR. THOMAS E. GREEN
Bank Bldo-, Box 20, - CKATSWORTH, QJW
PARKER’S
HAIR BALSAM
For Restoring Color and ■
Beauty to Gray or Faded Hair.
^60oan^L00aVDrugglBt^^
A BAD COUGH
is risky to neglect. Take it in hand, and
safeguard your health by promptly taking
P ISO’S
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Habermacher, J. C. & Lane, Ella E. Shiner Gazette (Shiner, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 10, 1918, newspaper, January 10, 1918; Shiner, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1142410/m1/2/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Shiner Public Library.