Investigations into the Nature, Causation, and Prevention of Texas or Southern Cattle Fever Page: 81
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THE CAUSATION OR ETIOLOGY OF TEXAS FEVER.
very severe case of Texas fever was the result. The temperature and
the loss of red blood corpuscles were the same as in No. 185 (see page
17 for curve). On the ninth day she could scarcely stand and was
trembling and quivering over the whole body. A syringeful of blood
was withdrawn at the time from a jugular vein for other inoculations,
and the operation was followed at once by convulsions and death.
The very advanced lesions of the liver and spleen, the dark red, port-
wine-colored urine, and the immense number of infected corpuscles in
the various organs, made this case one of the most severe of the
season.
In 1892 four cows were inoculated with blood obtained from a case
of the disease. All became affected within a week and three died.
The more important facts in connection with these inoculations are
reproduced here.
On August 27 blood was withdrawn from the left jugular vein of
No. 222, then suffering with the disease. In the blood a small number
of large intraglobular parasites were found. The skin over the. jugu-
lar was shaved and washed with .1 per cent mercuric chloride and the
vein opened with a scalpel. The blood was caught in sterilized bot-
tles, containing glass beads, and defibrinated by shaking vigorously
for ten minutes. The bottles were kept in a water bath at 400-420 C.
The injections were performed not longer than fifteen to twenty min-
minutes after the withdrawal of the blood from No. 222.
(6) No. 197, a cow 6 years old, received into the left jugular 14 cc.
(one syringeful) of this blood.
(7) No. 227, a cow 11 years old, received under the skin of the neck
( cc. Hof the same blood in four different places, i. e., 2 cc. in all.
(8) No. 228, a cow 7 years old, received subcutaneously J cc. in two
places, i. e., 1 cc. in all.
No. 197 died quite unexpectedly September 4, eight days after the
inoculation. The temperature had been high since August 31. The
autopsy left no doubt as to the nature of the disease.
No. 227 died September 9, thirteen days after the inoculation. The
temperature had risen and other symptoms of disease had appeared
September 2. On the day of death the red corpuscles had fallen to
1.5 million. The autopsy revealed the usual lesions of Texas fever in
a very marked degree. The urine was visibly free from haemoglobin.
The small number of red corpuscles just before death indicated that
the period of hemoglobinuria was past.
No. 228, which had received the smallest dose, reacted as promptly
as the foregoing with a high temperature. The usual symptoms ap-
peared, but more tardily, and the animal finally recovered. On Sep-
tember 14 the red corpuscles numbered 1.5 million. From this time
there was slow improvement in the condition of the blood.
(9) One bottle of the defibrinated blood with which the preceding
animals had been inoculated was placed in a refrigerator at an average
10320-No. 1- 681
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Smith, Theobold & Kilborne, Fred Lucius. Investigations into the Nature, Causation, and Prevention of Texas or Southern Cattle Fever, book, 1893; Washington D.C.. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth143538/m1/81/?q=%221863%22: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting University of Texas Health Science Center Libraries.