The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
s iTexasAgriculturalExtension Service
Bill Ree, Extension Pest Mana;ement- Pecans
Jerral D. Johnson, Extension Pl aG t t
George Ray McEachern, Exten ic Viga
Charles Cole, Extension Entomologist
General
Texas Pecan Pest
Management
"Newsletter <" ;
OCT 2 4 lzht
Drg T
p'rr
Overall the Texas pecan crop is
light, but there are some areas
that have still have a good crop.
Wichita county and east along
the Red river and Tom Green
county have reported good crops
all season. Also, isolated
orchards can be found from San
Saba up through Comanche
county have above average
crops. On the other end of the
scale Guadalupe, Gonzales and
Milam counties just a few areas
that report very light to no crops.
Although many areas have light
crops and insecticide treatments
for nut feeding pests can not be
justified, foliage feeding insects
such as the black pecan aphid
will need to be controlled if
populations exceed an average of
three per compound leaf.
Thunderstorms across parts of
the state have brought timely and
much needed moisture. In areas
with pecan weevils a good
soaking rain will allow weevils to
emerge.
Insects
Yellow Pecan aphids: Yellow
aphid populations are increasing
in some orchards behind
insecticides applied for the
hickory shuckworm and pecan
weevil. Although YPA
populations can reach very high
August 31, 1994
#94-8
levels, additional insecticide
treatments for YPA are probably
not justified. Producers should be
more concerned about the black
pecan aphids, mites and the nut
feeding insects.
Black pecan aphid: Watch for
black pecan aphids during
September after the last
shuckworm or pecan weevil
treatment. Black aphids can build
up during September and
October and will cause premature
defoliation if populations are left
unchecked. A worse case
situation would be to have a
early defoliation with a good
crop set. Although very few
producers have a heavy set the
foliage needs be remain on the
tree up to frost to help store up
carbohydarates for next year.
Fortunately BPA are easy to
control. Suggested insecticides
include: (chlorpyrifos) Lorsban
4E @ 2 pints per 100 gallons;
(dimethoate) Cygon @ 0.66 pints
per acre or malathion @ 1-2
pints per 100 gallons.
Stink Bugs: Orchards should be
monitored during September and
October for adult stink bugs and
leaffooted bugs. These insects
have a wide host range and
during this time of year as other
host plants be come unattractive
or are harvested adults will
migrate to pecans. Producers
should be aware of what is
happening to surrounding crops
There are really no thresholds to
go by when it comes to stink
bugs which is one of the things
what makes controlling this
insect so difficult. If possible
watch the the borders rows
carefully. If an insecticide
treatment is needed cypermethrin
(Ammo or Cymbush) are
effective.
If trap crops were planted watch
for immature stink bugs and
leaffooted bugs and adults in the
trap crops. Trap crops will need
to be treated at least once to
control adult stink bugs and to
prevent immatures from reaching
the adult stage.
Stink bugs can damage pecans up
to the day of harvest!
Pecan Weevil:
Where it occurs, the pecan
weevil is regarded by many as
the most destructive nut feeding
pest. Included with this
newsletter is a map showing the
distribution of this insect
according to a 1979 survey. In
this survey Duval, Frio, Jim
Hogg Web and Zavala counties
were also reported as having the
pecan weevil, however, weevil
infestations in these counties
could not be confirmed and were
not included on the map.
Educational programs conducted by the Texas Agricultural Extension Service serve people of all ages regardless of socioeconomic level, race. color sex, religion, handicap or national orgin
The Texas A&M University System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the County Commissioners Courts of Texas Cooperating
