Soil survey of Hunt County, Texas Page: 12 of 60
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10 BUREAU OF CHEMISTRY AND SOILS, 1934
having differences in stoniness may be mapped as phases, even though
these differences are not reflected in the character of the soil or in
the growth of native plants.
The soil surveyor makes a map of the county or area, showing the
location of each of the soil types and phases, in relation to roads,
houses, streams, lakes, section and township lines, and other local
cultural and natural features of the landscape.
SOILS AND CROPS6
Hunt County is occupied largely by smooth dark-colored productive
soils. It lies wholly within the Texas blackland prairie. The
Wilson and Crockett soils occupy a much larger proportion of the
county, however, than they do in most counties of this prairie, and, in
addition, isolated areas of light-colored sandy originally timbered
soils, similar to those of the east-Texas timber country, are included.
About one-third of the county, the northwestern part, is a general
area of highly productive smooth fertile black or nearly black
limy or only slightly acid clay soils which possess physical characteristics
favorable to good growth of crops. The rest of the county
is a general area of moderately productive dark-gray or grayishbrown
slightly acid sandy loam and clay loam soils, with compact
subsoils. This area is interrupted by a few extensive isolated bodies
of moderately acid light-colored sandy originally forested soils of low
natural productivity. These light-colored sandy soils constitute about
one-sixth of the total area of the county, and rich bottom-land soils
occupy about one-fifth. The potential productivity of the bottomland
soils is high, but, in large areas, frequent overflows prevent
successful crop production unless the land is protected by ditching or
by construction of levees. At least two-thirds of the land in the
county is very suitable for the growing of crops, and less than onetenth
is definitely unsuitable for that purpose.
The proportions of various soils in cultivation range from about
85 percent for the smooth heavy-textured soils of the prairies to
almost none on the more rolling areas of light-colored sandy soils.
The average farm income ranges from moderately high on the smooth
heavy soils of the prairies to very low on the light-colored sandy
soils. Cotton is an important crop on all the soils in cultivation, but
6 Owing to increased detail in soil mapping and refinements in soil classification in
recent years, some of the soil names used in Hunt County do not correspond with names
assigned to the same soils in earlier surveys of adjoining counties. Consequently, areas
of some of the soils on the soil map of Hunt County do not match areas mapped along the
Hunt County lines in Rockwall, Van Zandt, and Collin Counties. The following tabulation
lists these differences:
Soil name in Hunt County: Soil name in Van Zandt County:
Kirvin fine sandy loam }-
Susquehanna fine sandy loam.
Tabor fine sandy loam -Kaufman
clay--------
---------
Trinity clay.
Kaufman clay loam--------------
Ochlockonee silt loam.
Kaufman fine sandy loam----------
Ochlockonee very fine sandy loam.
Wilson very fine sandy loam, mound Wilson very fine sandy loam (inclusion).
phase.
Crockett very fine sandy loam, rolling Crockett very fine sandy loam (incluphase.
sion).
Soil name in Rockwall County:
Wilson clay loam, slope phase I Wilson clay loam inclusionn).
Wilson very fine sandy loam j -
n C y
Soil name in Collin County:
Hunt clay-------
Houston black clay (inclusion).
Crockett very fine sandy loam, rolling Crockett very fine sandy loam (incluphase.
sion).
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Map displays soil types along with rivers, roads, bridges, railroads, towns, schools, and churches. Includes legend and symbols.
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Templin, E. H. (Edward Henry) & Marshall, R. M. (Richard Moon). Soil survey of Hunt County, Texas, book, February 1939; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth19778/m1/12/?q=tex-land: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.