Soil survey of Hunt County, Texas Page: 40 of 60
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38 BUREAU OF CHEMISTRY AND SOILS, 1934
but crumbly when slightly moist or dry. This material grades, at a
depth of about 6 feet, into yellow highly calcareous clay. The soil
consists of largely unaltered stream sediments washed mostly from
the more sloping areas of the heavy-textured prairie soils. It is developed
principally along Dulaney Creek in the northwestern part of
the county. Its total extent is less than 1 square mile.
Although the land is subject to overflow, the flood waters recede
quickly, and drainage is adequate for the successful production of
crops. About two-thirds of the total area is cultivated land, of which
cotton occupies about three-fifths, corn one-third, and sorgo, alfalfa,
grain sorghums, and Johnson grass meadow the rest. Cotton returns
about 250 pounds of lint, corn 35 bushels, sorgo 3 tons of forage, alfalfa
3 tons, grain sorghums 25 to 35 bushels, and Johnson grass
2 to 3 tons of hay to the acre.
Kaufman clay loam.-To a depth of about 4 feet, Kaufman clay
loam consists of dark-gray or dark grayish-brown noncalcareous
friable clay loam or silty clay loam underlain by light-gray or light
grayish-brown noncalcareous or slightly calcareous rather compact
clay loam or clay. The soil is about neutral in reaction and contains
sufficient lime for the growth of such legumes as alfalfa. It
occurs extensively on the flood plains of streams which drain areas
occupied chiefly by Wilson soils. Although the land is subject to
overflow, the flood waters recede quickly, and in nearly all places
drainage is adequate for the successful production of crops. The
substrata below this soil are permeable, although water penetrates
slowly, and the soil dries more rapidly than does Trinity clay. In
cultivated fields the soil hlas a fine-crumb tilth.
The native timber growth consists of hackberry, elm, ash, several
species of oak, and some pecan. The oaks are more numerous and
the elms are fewer than on areas of Trinity clay. In addition, underbrush,
especially buckbrush, is much more abundant.
This soil contains a good supply of available plant nutrients and
has physical characteristics very favorable for the growth of crops.
It receives and stores large amounts of water, and crops generally
are not injured by droughts. This is inherently one of the best soils
in the county for the production of corn, and, as most farms on this
soil contain other cropland much less productive for corn, the proportion
in corn is relatively high. About three-fifths of the total
area is in cultivation. About one-half of the cultivated land is used
for cotton, two-fifths for corn, and the rest for sorgo, Johnson
grass meadow, grain sorghums, and alfalfa. The average acre yields
are about 200 pounds of lint cotton, 25 bushels of corn, between 20
and 25 bushels of grain sorghums, 2 tons of Johnson grass hay, 3
tons of alfalfa, and 3 tons of sorgo forage. A few of the most thrifty
and productive pecan orchards in the county are on this soil.
Kaufman clay loam, high-bottom phase.-Kaufman clay loam,
high-bottom phase, consists of brown or dark grayish-brown noncalcareous
friable clay loam which continues to a depth ranging from
2 to 3 feet, where it is underlain by lighter brown noncalcareous
friable clay loam. The soil consists of local alluvium washed from
adjacent hillsides, which are occupied mostly by Crockett soils,
and deposited in the form of gently sloping alluvial fans along the
margins of flood plains.
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Templin, E. H. (Edward Henry) & Marshall, R. M. (Richard Moon). Soil survey of Hunt County, Texas, book, February 1939; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth19778/m1/40/?q=tex-land: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.