Soil survey of Hunt County, Texas Page: 57 of 60
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SOIL SURVEY OF HUNT COUNTY, TEXAS 55
In places where the soil has developed from sandy parent materials
under forest vegetation, on more sloping surfaces than those occupied
by the Tabor soils, the color of the upper subsoil layer is solid
red or yellowish red, and all soil layers are thinner. This produces
Kirvin fine sandy loam which is a normal soil but somewhat too
sloping for complete development. The occurrence of small areas of
this soil on gentle slopes along drainageways extending into the
prairie section indicates that, in places, it has developed from the
same parent materials as have the Wilson soils and represents a
more advanced stage of soil development than that attained by the
Wilson soils, as a result of the more rapid weathering characteristic
of forest vegetation. Outstanding examples of this are the two
isolated areas 2 miles southeast of Kingston and 3 miles south of
Wolfe City. In these two areas invasion by timber was apparently
due largely to the occurrence of a shallow water table.
The Lufkin soils have developed from heavy clays, under poor
drainage and a forest vegetation. In some places Lufkin very fine
sandy loam, mound phase, has developed from parent material similar
to that underlying adjacent areas of Wilson very fine sandy loam
which developed under prairie vegetation. Examination of the substrata
underlying the Lufkin soil down to a depth of 8 feet indicates
that it is less calcareous than materials at similar depth under the
Wilson soils.
SUMMARY
Hunt County, which occupies an area of 893 square miles in the
northeastern part of Texas lies within the eastern part of the blackland
prairie of Texas, a subdivision of the Gulf Coastal Plain. The
county is a smoothly undulating plain lying from 450 to 700 feet
above sea level. The original vegetation consisted largely of tall
prairie grasses in the treeless sections and small oak trees in the
forested sections of the upland. The climate is warm and humid.
The mean annual precipitation is about 37 inches, and the mean
annual temperature is about 65 F.
The agriculture is dominated by the production of cotton because
of the favorable climate, the abundance of well-suited soils, and economic
conditions. In 1934, 54 percent of the land was in cultivation,
and cotton occupied 49 percent of the cultivated acreage. The only
other crops occupying large proportions of the cultivated land are
corn and oats. The average acre yield of cotton is about 150 pounds
of lint; of corn, 18 bushels; and of oats, 25 bushels. Most of the
land not in cultivation is utilized as pasture. To a small extent,
livestock, livestock products, fruit, and truck crops are produced for
sale.
The county is dominantly an area of smooth dark-colored moderately
to highly productive medium-textured to very heavy textured
soils developed under prairie vegetation. It lies wholly within the
blackland prairie but includes a much larger proportion of Wilson
and Crockett soils than is characteristic of that general soil area and,
in addition, embraces isolated areas of light-colored leached sandy
originally timbered soils similar to those in the main body of the
sandy timbered part of the Gulf Coastal Plain. About one-third
of the county, the northwestern part, is a general area of Houston
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Templin, E. H. (Edward Henry) & Marshall, R. M. (Richard Moon). Soil survey of Hunt County, Texas, book, February 1939; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth19778/m1/57/?q=tex-land: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.