Texas Almanac, 1992-1993 Page: 137
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POPULATION 137
population of 1,957,378 to 2,553,362 in 1990. In terms of
percentage increase, the Austin MSA, with an increase
of 45.6 percent during the decade, showed the greatest-
gain. Only one MSA, Beaumont-Port Arthur, exper-
ienced a net loss of population during the decade.
Texas Population Patterns
by Ethnicity, 1980 to 1990
Statewide Patterns
Perhaps the most dramatic results from the 1990
Census reported to date are those related to the in-
crease in Texas' minority populations (see Table 4). The
state's Hispanic population increased by more than 45
percent from 1980 to 1990, while the Black population
increased by nearly 17 percent and the Other population
by more than 88 percent from 1980 to 1990. Because the
population base for the Other population is quite small
however, it is growth in the Hispanic, and to a lesser
extent the Black, population which has markedly
changed in the last decade. From 1980 to 1990, the Black
population increased by nearly 300,000 persons and the
Hispanic population increased by more than 1.3 million.
Thus although the Hispanic population was only one-
third as large as the Anglo population in 1980, its nu-
merical increase from 1980 to 1990 was more than 300,000
greater than that for Anglos.
Hispanics accounted for 49 percent of the net in-
crease in population from 1980 to 1990, Blacks for 10
percent of the increase and persons from Other ethnic
groups for 6.5 percent. By 1990, Hispanics accounted for
25.6 percent of the population, Blacks for 11.6 percent
and persons from Other ethnic groups for 2.2 percent of
the Texas population. Thus Texas' population in 1990
was 40 percent minority compared to 25 percent of the
population that is minority in the United States as a
whole (see Table 4).
Patterns of Ethnic Change in Counties, Places and Metro-
politan Areas
Of the state's 254 counties, only 26 ( 10.2 percent) did
not show an increase in their Hispanic populations and
only 74 did not show increases in their Other population
category. On the other hand, 132 counties (52 percent)
showed a loss in their Anglo populations and 141 (55.5
percent) experienced decline in their Black
populations.
Seven counties in the state increased their Hispanic
populations by more than 50,000 persons between 1980
and 1990. These were Bexar County with an increase of
128,269, Cameron County (51,341), Dallas County
(161,069), El Paso County (114,618), Harris County
(275,858), Hidalgo County (96,760), and Tarrant County
(72,247). Overall, 47 counties showed increases of more
than 100 percent in their Hispanic populations.
By contrast, although the Anglo population base
was more than three times as large as the Hispanic
population base in 1980, only four counties had in-
creases of 50,000 or more in their Anglo populations
from 1980 to 1990 - Collin (97,213), Denton (105,155),
Tarrant (177,389) and Travis (80,230) - and not a single
county increased its Anglo population by 100 percent.
For Blacks, only Dallas County, with an increase of
76,343, and Harris County, with an increase of 58,674,
increased their Black populations by as much as 50,000
persons. Only Denton and Fort Bend had numerical in-
creases of more than 1,000 persons that also involved
Table4
Population 1980 and 1990, Percent Change in Population
1980 to 1990 and Proportion of Population 1980 and 1990
by Ethnicity for Texas and the United States
Percent Proportion of
Ethnic Number Change Population
Category 1980 1990 1980-90 1980 1990
Texas
Anglo... 9,350,297 10,291,680 10.1 65.7 60.6
Black... 1,692,542 1,976,360 16.8 11.9 11.6
Hispanic 2,985,824 4,339,905 45.4 21.0 25.6
Other.. . 200,528 378,565 88.8 1.4 2.2
Total... 14,229,191 16,986,510 19.4 100.0 100.0
United States
Anglo... 180,602,838 188,128,296 4.2 79.7 75.7
Black... 26,091,857 29,216,293 12.0 11.5 11.7
Hispanic 14,603,683 22,354,059 53.1 6.5 9.0
Other... 5,247,427 9,011,225 71.7 2.3 3.6
Total... 226,545,805 248,709,873 9.8 100.0 100.0percentage increases of more than 100 percent. In the
Other population, increases of more than 10,000 persons
occurred in Dallas County (33,567), Fort Bend County
(10,097), Harris County (55,437), Tarrant County
(21,822), and Travis County (10,627). A total of 54 coun-
ties increased their Other populations by more than 100
percent from 1980 to 1990.
As a result of these changes, the proportion of coun-
ties' populations that was Hispanic tended to increase
while the proportion that was Anglo and Black declined.
Of the 254 counties in the state, 218 showed decreases in
the proportion of their populations that were Anglo, 174
showed decreases in the proportion of their populations
that were Black, but only 11 showed decreases in the
proportion of their populations that were composed of
Hispanics and 76 experienced decreases in the propor-
tions of persons from Other ethnic groups in their
populations.
The patterns of ethnic change in Texas cities varied
by the size of the place, and within each size-of-place by
ethnic group. Hispanic growth accounted for 29 percent
of the increase in places of 1,000 or less; for 55 percent of
the growth in places of 1,001 to 2,499; for 49 percent of the
increase in places of 2,500 to 10,000; for 37 percent of the
increase in places of 10,001 to 25,000; and for 34 percent
of the increase in places between 25,001 and 100,000 from
1980 to 1990. In places of more than 100,000, Hispanics
accounted for 690,593, or 74 percent, of the 931,447-per-
son increase that occurred from 1980 to 1990.
Anglos, by contrast, accounted for a much smaller
proportion of the growth than their proportion of the
population in each size-of-place category. In places of
1,000 or less, Anglos accounted for 80.2 percent of the
population in 1990, but for 72.2 percent of the change
from 1980 to 1990. For each of the other size-of-place
categories, except that inclusive of the largest-size
places, Anglos accounted for 65 to 70 percent of the pop-
ulation in 1990, but accounted for only 41-46 percent of
the net change in population from 1980 to 1990. The most
startling pattern for Anglos, however, was that in the
state's largest cities. Of the 931,447 increase in popula-
tion from 1980 to 1990 in the population of the 19 places
with more than 100,000 residents, only 28,380 was due to
growth in the Anglo population. Angles accounted for
49.4 percent of the population in such cities in 1990 (com-
pared to 56.5 percent in 1980), but accounted for only 3
percent of the net population increase in these largest
Texas cities from 1980 to 1990.
Among Blacks, population decline occurred in
places of 1,000 or fewer residents, and the proportion of
the net change accounted for by Black residents was
less than their share of the population in places between
1,001 and 10,000 residents. Blacks accounted for about 2
percent more of the increase in population from 1980 to
1990 than they were of the population in places of 10,001
to 100,000 in 1990. In the largest places, Blacks accounted
for more than 16 percent of the population, but were
only 13.3 percent of the increase in population from 1980
to 1990.
The Other population showed patterns similar to
those for Hispanics, with those in the Other population
category contributing more to the overall growth in
each size-of-place category than they were of the popu-
lation in each category. However, the impact of the Oth-
er population was clearly the largest in the larger size-
of-place categories. In places with fewer than 2,500
persons, the rate of growth in the Other population was
only 1 to 2 percent larger than their share of the 1990
populations in these areas and were small overall. In
places with populations between 10,001 and 100,000, per-
sons from Other ethnic groups accounted for about 4 to
6 percent of the growth but were only 1 to 2 percent of
the population. Finally, in places of more than 100,000,
the Other population group made up only 2.8 percent of
the population in 1990 (and 1.8 percent in 1980), but ac-
counted for 9.5 percent of the growth.
Overall, only 220 places showed declines in their
Hispanic populations, 402 showed declines in their
Black populations, and 702 places showed declines in
their Anglo populations. As a result of such patterns,
declines generally occurred in the proportion of Anglos
in places, while increases occurred in the proportions
of Hispanics in the populations of places.
The patterns of ethnic change in Metropolitan Statis-
tical Areas are similar to those for counties. Every met-
ropolitan area showed an increase in the number and
proportion of its population that was Hispanic, with
four areas increasing their Hispanic populations by
more than 100 percent and eight others showing in-
creases of 50 to 100 percent (see Table 5). HispanicsPOPULATION
137
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Kingston, Mike. Texas Almanac, 1992-1993, book, 1991; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth279642/m1/141/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.