The Texas Mesquiter. (Mesquite, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 43, Ed. 1 Friday, April 24, 1914 Page: 3 of 6
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THE TEXAS MESQUITER
V
t
I
jL/sTmR nans jwozjzrtzwfti
T1IE moon, our genial neigh-
bor In space, which looks
down upon the lollies of the
earth with an ironical smile,
is so close to us that we
have excellent opportunity to pry Into
Its secrets. Since the telescope was
invented. In 1608, astronomers have
busied themselves tn endeavoring to
ilnd out what this other world looks
like at close quarters, and, thanks
to many a fine photograph full of de-
tail of landscape, we now have maps
of that satellite which are at least
as accurate as those we have of cer-
tain countries and more ample than
those of the heart of Africa and the
Polar regions.
The moon Is nearer to us than Is
any other heavenly body; only 238,8113
miles divide it from us—a distance a
bullet could cover In some eight days
and an express train In some six
months—a distance which seems
short, indeed, when we recall the fact
that the sun is four hundred times
further from us. Our huge modern
telescope. Instruments which, in size,
suggest big guns, permit us to make
most minute observations, and, as It
were, bring the lunar landscapes as
close to us as, say, London Is to Edin-
burgh, So, by using our eyes, we can
take very entertaining voyages to the
moon. Thus we can see her extensive
gray plains, which are nothing more
than dry beds representing seas that
no longer exist and appear to the un-
aided vision as dark patches; so we
can note her mountain ranges, which
may be compared with the Alps, the
Cordilleras and other chains, not only
in aspect, but also in height—from
5,000 to 6,000 meters. The biggest
3f the moon's mountains, called Cur-
tlus by astronomers, has a summit
which is 8,800 meters from the plain;
'.hat is to say, it equals Mount Ever-
est, the highest mountain of the earth.
\nd it must be remembered that for-
'.y-nine moons could be placed In our
jlobe, so that, comparatively, the
unar mountains are much more im-
posing than ours. At present, with
he best telescopes and at the most
avorable times, we can observe on
he moon's surface tiny craters barely
iOO meters In diameter. Were the
noon inhabited, had it cities and
'owns and things like our canals,
jarbors and so on, we could see these
with ease, and a place like London,
'or instance, would appear as a very
•right spot during night time on the
noon. Hut there is nothing of the
ort. The moon has neither air nor
vater, for It Is a wandering corpse
mong the stars.
Much that we know of the moon is
Mizzling. Notably so are the remark-
.ble mountains, some of which are
town in the illustrations. The moon
« one great Norway—mountain after
nountain. But the mountains are not
'ormed as are those of the earth. They
ire rings of stone, in which are coni-
cal mountains. Make a ring of salt
>n the table cloth, half an Inch high;
In this ring place a conical mountain
of salt rather smaller than a thim-
ble; and you have a model of a moun-
tain of the moon. Place a candle so
that Its light causes the salt moun-
tains to cast long shadows on the
cloth, and you have more or less the
aspect of a lunar landscape as re-
vealed by a telescope when the sun's
rays are striking it cross ways. Such
a landscape as it would appear to a
visitor to the moon is seen In one of
the illustrations.
The moon has probably 100,000 of
these extraordinary stone rings—some
but a few meters wide; others from
80 to 120 kilometers! The earth has
no mountains resembling these, and
many have wondered why nature
should have built so differently on
the moon, have speculated as to how
the particular form of mountain came
Into being. We can only show arti-
ficial "mountains" having any resem-
blance to those of our satellite. A
cinematograph film of a shot falling
Into a mass of pulp would make a
very good illustration; a ring forms,
suggesting the ring mountain of the
moon. If a stone be dropped from
a certain height on to thick plaster,
a similar ring will be formed. Not-
ing this, one feels convinced that the
ring mountains of the moon were cre-
ated In like fashion by the falling
of gigantic meteors on to the moon
while Its surface was still In a vis-
cous state. How Is It possible, though,
that ring mountains 120 kilometers
wide should be so formed on the
moon, when wo, who are bo near to
It, have never observed meteors of
anything approaching the necessary
size, have only seen specimens weigh-
ing a few kilograms? We must find
another solution.
If a thick pulp Is being cooked, bub-
bles form on Its surface and, In burst-
ing, frequently cifcate rings with cones
in the center. The German geologist
Dahmer heated a chalky pulp from
below. The hot vapor broke through
the crust of the pulp, small pieces
of which flew upwards, and at the
spot of each burst was formed a ring
akin to those which follow the fall
of a stone on to water. If the pulp
could be cooled suddenly at this mo-
ment models of lunar ring mountains
would be seeu. This means the argu-
ment that the ring mountains of the
moon occur only on heavenly bodies
which are dead and will be a feature
of our earth in the remote future. The
earth's crust Is ever thickening as
our world grows cooler and becoming
less and less elastic, which suggests
that one day, when the crust can
no longer "give" to the pressure of
gases within it, It will spilt In many
places, and through these fissures will
pour the fiery contents of the depths,
to overwhelm our globe. This fiery,
all-enveloping "pulp" will be acted
upon by the gases coming from be-
low it and creating bubbles, Just as
the geologist's chalky pulp was acted
upon by the vapors caused by the
heat below It. The mobn, which
cooled down much quicker than the
larger earth Is cooling, has that dread
period behind it; the earth, accord-
ing to Dahmer, has it to come. Not
every geologist and astronomer will
j agree with this.
The German man of science, Ebert.
comes nearer to solving the problem
Ebert let some fluid Wood's metal well
| up at short intervals through a small
| hole In a horizontal plate. Part of
[ the metal flowed back; but the other
I parts spread out and formed circles
I around the the hole, making an ever-
[ growing ring-shaped rampart. Later,
as its Impetus grew weaker, the (low-
ing metal, instead of (lowing away,
formed into a little "mountain" in the
center of the ring rampart. What has
this to do with the moon? We know
that the attraction of the moon con-
trols the tides of tile waters of the
earth; when the moon had but a
thin crust, through the numerous fis-
sures In which the fiery lava could
force its way, the lunar control of ebb
and flow was demonstrated. The lava
broke through the fissures, rose up
and then flowed back again; and so
on for long periods until there were
formed the ring mountains. Such Is
the theory of Ebert, and very plaus-
ible it is.
The well-known English astrono-
mers, Nasmyth and Carpenter, tried
to prove years ago that the lunar
mountains were formed as were the
earth's volcanoes, arguing that the
ramparts grew out of the fiery mass
thrown out of the moon's center,
which fell In with circles round each
crater from which they were project-
ed. In the case of the volcanoes of
the earth, say these English scientists,
the matter thrown out was not cast
In such wide circles, because on the
earth bodies are six times as heavy as
they are on the moon with Its much
smaller power of attraction. This
theory, too. has its numerous faults.
Thus it must be admitted that we are
still far from solving the mystery of
the ring mountains of the moon.
Making Tomorrow s
World=
By WALTER WILLIAMS, LL.D.
Jn af Iht Sckatl a/Jourifllim a/ttm L'nftcnily «/ Miuourl)
AUSTRALIA- AN EXPERIMENT IN DEMOCRACY
. •• v.
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Itetjm :
iiMyiiiil
llplpp*ll
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eg fciaiiii feiiiirf | iirfi j
Typical Plantation House in the Swamp Region of Mississippi.
Wants Grizzly Bear Data.
All who have skullB of grizzly bears
In their possession are appealed to by
Dr. C. Hart Merrlam of the National
museum at Washington for light on
the considerable number of distinct
species that have Inhabited the west-
ern part of North America from the
eastern edge of the Great Plains In
Manitoba and the Dakotas westerly
to the Pacific coast in Itrltlsh Colum-
bia and California, and from the shores
of the Arctic ocean south Into Mexico
With few exceptions, those of the
western United States are extinct, and
GEN. JACKSON'S GREAT VICTORY
1 One hundred years ago opcurred
the battle of Great Horseshoe Hend,
In which General Jackson defeated
the Creeks and foreve^broke the pow-
er of the Indians In the South. The
Indians had assembled on the Talla-
poosa river, In Alabama, 1,000 war-
riors strong, with their women and
children, determined to make a des-
perate defense. They fought brave-
ly, and almost six hundred of the war-
Incombustible Linoleum.
To make an Incombustible llneoleum
nn experiment Is being made by a
manufacturer in Germany, lie Is add-
ing magnesium carbonate to the pulp
In the process of manufacture. All
the carbonates have the property of
giving off carbon dioxide when heated
at high temperatures. This, as is well
known. Is a very heavy gas, which
does not rise, but creeps along the
^floor. For this reason In case of a fire
t would tend to cut off the supply of
ir from .inoleum. Magnesium car-
rlors were killed, as they refused to
surrender. One of the few who bowed
In submission was Chief Weathers-
ford, their greatest leader. He ap-
peared suddenly before General Jack-
son, In hlB tent, and standing erect
said: "I am in your power; do with
me what you please. I have done
the white people all the harm I could
My warriors are all gone now, and I
can do no more. When there was a
bonate is chosen because it breaks up
at lower temperatures than any other
carbonate. The principle Involved is,
of course, one commonly used In the
manufacture of chemical fire extin-
guishers.
Hard Times Now.
"There goes that poor writer, Rinks." j
"Yep, the poor guy! He used to
make a good living out of these 'What
a Young Girl Ought to Know' books,
but there's no demand for that kind of
stuff any more."—Columbia Jester.
In most cases only a few ekulls remain
to illustrate the species. Dr. Men-lam
says in the current number of Sci-
ence that he is anxious to see as many
skulls as poseible of both sexes, and
he would like to buy or borrow all that
he has not already seen.
"Reasonable" Defined.
"What do you understand by the
word 'reasonable'?"
"Reasonable," replied Mr. Dustfn
Stax, "1b an adjective that may be ap-
plied to any theory or request tlut I
may have to present."
chance for success I never asked for
peace. There Is none now, and I ask
for It for the remnant of my nation."
A Chemical Blotting Pad.
A cheap and excellent substitute for
blotting paper may be made as fol-
lows: Mix 11 parts, by weight, of gyp-
sum and two parts of potato flour,
with sufficient water to form a plastic
paste. Pour or press Into a suitable
mold As soon as the mass has be-
come hard and dry It affords an ad-
mirable blotter.
One Boy's Way.
They have a boy at Weymouth,
Eng., who Is puzzling the doctors and
many other folks. Although only thir-
teen years of age, he Is almost six feet
tall. He has had four sets of teeth
and Is now cutting the fifth. He can
run backward as fast as the ordinary
boy can run forward, and he can see
as far with the naked eye as anyone
else can ^ith binoculars. They are
expecting to see the boy shed his arrn
and legs and grow new ones before h«
quits doing strange things.
Sydney. A u s-
tralla. — Austra-
lia, In area the
size of the conti-
nental United
States, with pop-
ulation approxi-
mating In num-
ber though not
in variety the
population of the
city of New
York, is trying
out democracy.
Here experiment
is substituted for
experience, new
theories for old
practises.
The land is fa-
vorable to the
experiment. It is
the young est
laud in settlement, though oldest in
geological years. Though discovered
and named In 1606 by a forgotten
Spanish uuvigator, it was not until
1770 that Captain Cook, sailing the
South seas, refound the island con-
tinent and baptized It into the Brit-
ish empire. Nor did occupation by
white colonists begin until 1787, and
the first colonists were convicts.
'Australia should bo a land of se-
lected population," runs an old and
cruel saying, "for our fathers were
sent out from England by the best
Judges!" Only within the last, third
of a century hob Australia, through
growth of population and advanced
legislation, taken any considerable
part In the world's affairs. Australia
has no ancient crust of privilege to be
broken up by the plowshare of pro-
gressive legislation. The soil is clear
to the seeding. The political husband-
man has had an unusual field, of
which be has not been slow to take
advantage.
Continent of Marvelous Riches.
The discovery of gold In 1861, at
Bathurst, west of the Blue moun-
tains, turned attention to the mar-
velous richness of Australia, which
had been comparatively unknown.
Sheep had been, and are, the chief
source of Australia's wealth. It is a
land, however, for which Nature has
done much, and in the use of which
men can afford, for a time at least, to
take long chances. Many and rich
minerals are found. The mines are
Important and valuable. The main ex-
port, however, Is wool, and It Is as a
producer of food supply and material
for raiment that this Immense land
has Its most prosperous future. Hid-
den away until other lands were full
to overflowing, Australia has been the
reserve continent from which a large
share of the world's food and clothing
are to come. Its possibilities In this
direction have hardly begun to be re-
alized.
The four and a half millions of In-
habitants, fringing the shores of the
continent or scattered on solitary
sheep stations and cattle runs miles
apart In the "back-blocks," have
scarcely commenced to possess the
land, certainly not to subdue It. The,
handful of political and minor offend-
ers who, with their guards and over-
seers, came first from England, have
been succeeded by generations of pi-
oneers of much the same type as peo-
pled the western plains of the United
States B0 years ago. The "Great
American Desert," as It appeared in
the geographies before geographers
knew any better, has its counterpart
In the vast Interior of the southern
continent. Western Kansas Is dupli-
cated. though on an ampler and more
arid scale, In western Australia, and
Queensland resembles, to a degree.
New Mexico and Arizona
It Ib "a new country" as well as
varied, In which the experiment of de-
mocracy Is on trial. This excuse for
any delinquency or failure is urged by
every Australian.
A White Man'i Country.
The experiment Is being made by
white men. Australia is deliberately
a white man's country. A few abo-
riginal blacks survive. In color black-
er than the so-called "Guinea negro."
once known In America and In Indus
try, about on the same plane with his
laziest and latest youthful descend
ant. Some Chinese and Japanese re-
side In the coast towns, admitted be-
fore the policy of '''Australia for the
white man" was entered upon, but
altogther the non-whites are a negli-
gible fraction of the entire population
and, unless the governmental policy
be changed, as does not seem within
the range of probability, will so re-
main. Immigration Is sought In many
ways, but this Immigration must be
RULINGS THAT CAUSE PAIN
Travelers Frequently Say Harsh
Things About Custom House De-
cisions That Don't Appeal
to Them.
American citizens who have Just re-
turned from a trip abroad may be rec-
ognized at any hotel, says a New York
letter to the St Paul Pioneer Press
You tell 'em by their language. After
having come In contact with our tariff |
law they prove that tourists and truck
drivers are brothers under their skins.
Charles R. Steers returned from Ecua-
dor recently. He has been arbitral
Ing the usual South American railroad
muddle, on appointment of President
Wilson. He brought with him an
elaborate headdress of beads and
feathers, made by some Jungle Indian.
"We'll have to destroy that," said
the customs officials. "See law in
re the importation of feathers." So
Mr. Steers made disappointed vocal
noises, liut they burned the headdress.
A Cincinnati man Imported 30,705 ci-
gars from Porto Rico. The law states
' •at Porto Hicau cigars may be Un-
desirable and while. No black, yel-
low or browu man need apply. He is
not rejected on account of his color.
That might lead to International com-
plications. He is rejected on other
grounds, illiteracy, knowledge of no
language, or for other reason. The
law in administered so that no col-
ored man can get Into Australia. A
captain, on whose steamer live China-
men came as stowaways, was fined
$2,500. At the Queensland ports cus-
toms officers are specially vigilant In
looking out for undesirable Immi-
grants. Two grave, military-appear-
ing individuals, wearing caps that bore
the label "H. M. Customs," might have
been seen In my cabin, as the steamer
tarried at Brisbane. They turned over
every article of furniture and every
bit of bed clothing in the berth to dis-
cover whether or not a Chinaman had
been therein concealed, with or with-
out my knowledge. I was not to be
permitted to disturb the "Australia-
j for-the-wlilte-man" policy.
| Regarding only one part of Aus-
! tralia there Is serious consideration
1 of a reversal of the white-Australia
policy. This part Is In the northern
territory, au immense, undeveloped
region, lying within the tropics, where
It has, up to the present time, been
found impossible to colonize white
men. There are six states constitu-
ting the commonwealth of Australia:
New South Wales, Victoria, Queens-
land, South Australia, Western Aus
tralla and Tasmania. The northern
territory is directly administered by
the federal government, while the
states have even larger self-govern-
ment than the states of the American
union. The white men cannot or, at
least, will not live in the northern
territory, though It has much rich and
fertile land. In an area larger than
that part of the United States lying
east, of the Mississippi river, are less
than two thousand whiles. The cen-
sus statistics show that tills popula-
tion has Increased Just 27 in 27 years.
The northern territory remains large-
ly Inaccessible until the construction
of the transcontinental railway, which
is projected. This railway and more
inslsteut Immigration schemes may
change the conditions, a section of
the Australian press and public favor
departing from the white-Australia
policy far enough to permit colored la-
bor to enter the northern territory, to
do what one Australian called the "don-
key work" In development. This sec-
tion Is in the minority, however, and
will doubtless remain so until it Is
demonstrated that other plans of set-
tlement and development have been
tried, and It has been conclusively
shown that the occupancy of the
northern territory by the white man
1b Impossible. If there be evil re-
sulting from the experiment In de-
mocracy, the white man, the Briton
away from Great Britain, is responsi-
ble and the white man alone.
Democracy to the Limit.
The Australian federal constitution,
modeled upon the Constitution of the
United States, carries to the farthest
limit the principle of trusting the
people. Every adult, man or woman,
has an equal voice In the election of
both houses of parliament. There Is
no property qualification and no cir-
cumstance entitles any citizen to more
than one vote. In actual practice,
however, as Frank Fox. keen observer
and long resident of Australia, pointed
out, "It has been found that the prin-
ciple of federalism Imposes a check
on the actions of the Australian parli-
ament, which is deeply resented by
the advanced labor leaders, and the
Inconvenience of which Is acknowl-
edged by others. The constitution fol-
lowed somewhat closely the United
States model, and reserved very large
powers to the states—far larger, for
example, than the states or provinces
have In Canada. To provide that
there should not be any arbitrary en-
croachment on state rights, a 'states
house' was set up, In which house—the
senate—the tiny state of Tasmania
has equal representation with the very
large state of New South Walep. Also,
the respective power of the states of
the federation were defined by the
written constitution and the high
court of the commonwealth was made
the guardian and Interpreter of that
constitution."
This high court. It, may be observed,
has kept a Jealous watch for any
trespasses by the federal power on
state rights, and has declared a great
deal of the federal legislation "uncon-
stitutional," and therefore Invalid, be-
cause It went beyond the powers glv
en to the federation or commonwealth
by the constitution. This has created
ported free of duty In lots of 5,000 or
more. His .10,000 cigars got. In free,
but he had to pay on the 705.
Jordan Holmes of Chicago returned
from London with an evening suit,
Clothes are dutiable at 35 per cent.
"But this suit," said the official "has
braid to port and starboard on the
pants. So that they become embroid-
ered goods. The rate on embroidered
goods is 60 per cent.
In his calmer moments Mr Holmes
will regret his characterization of our
tariff law. As the customs Inspector
said, there was no ^ason to consider
It a personal duty.
a strong demand for a revision of the
constitution, Just as the decision of
the majority of the Justices of the
United States Supreme court In the
Income tax case caused a demand for
a revision of the American constitu-
tion. It strikes observers from older
countries with surprise, and perhaps
with dismay, that It should be urgent-
ly proposed to enter upon a profound
constitutional change after only ten
yearB' experience of federation under
the act of union.
Labor In the Saddle.
Other experiments, tried out, may
be abandoned, lightly or otherwise,
but the experiment of democracy Is
not among them. The Australian,
whether he be a member of the La-
bor or of the Liberal party—the two
great political parties—Is a democrat.
One man Is as good as another man In
his eyes and, to employ the Irish
phrase, often a little better. The sec-
retary of the drayman's union Is ap-
pointed member of the legislative
council. The cabman, who over-
charged me In Sydney, as cabmen
overcharge the traveler In all cities
upon earth, Is a member of parlia-
ment. One premier Is a miner, an-
other a printer. Not In mere theory,
as In some other countries claiming
to be democratic, the government In
Australia Is In the hands of the butch-
er, the baker and the candleatick-
maker.
The extent to which democracy goes
may be illustrated by the New South
Wales experiment. The Labor party,
returned to power In this state, the
most Important in Australia, selected
as its leader W. A. Holman, who had
filled tills place with distinction In the
previous parliament. Under the con-
stitution and by precedent the forma-
tion of a government, that Is the se-
lection of cabinet ministers, fell to his
lot Premier llolman, as an ultimate
democrat, declined to avail himself
of this Immemorial privilege, and
called a secret caucus of all the Labor
members of parliament to select the
new ministry. A score of candidates
were voted upon by the 48 Labor
members, and after six hours of stren-
uous balloting the caucus selected ten
names. These are the new cabinet
ministers, though the caucus left the
assignment of their separate port-
folios or officers to (he premier.
Faced Toward Socialism.
With many Australians democracy
spells opportunity for socialism, to
greater or less degree. The two chief
occupations of the Australian are
sports and politics, indeed, ho car-
ries Ills sporting proclivities Into the
realm of politics, and JiiBt now Ib per-
mitting Ills democracy to take a long
chance In socialism. He Is staking
the future of his continent on the new
theories of government that he Is put-
ting Into practise, betting that the
world, up to now, has been wrong.
Perhaps the Australian democrat,
with his face toward socialism, Is
right. Perhaps ho is mistaken and
will be compelled, and painfully, to re-
trace Ills steps. Just now ho Is going
ahead, confident, almost arrogantly,
though capital hesitates and Immigra-
tion lags. The fat years have been
his, but the lean years must come.
Today's prosperous world In Aus-
tralia holds for the observer much
that suggests answer to the question
which every visitor asks: Will de-
mocracy, far advanced toward social-
Ism, stand the lean >ears test?
Having bet that all the world's
wrong, what will the Australian do If
he loses Ills wager on democracy?
(Copyrluht. 1914, by Joseph B. Bowles.)
USING THE LEFT-OVERS
MEAT PIES A VALUABLE ADOb
TION TO MENU.
Illicit Still on an Island.
The County Gal way police have
made a large capture of "potheen" bar-
rels, tubs, and a fully working still at
Gorumna Island. They left the main-
land In the middle of the night, and
concealed themselves on the Island un-
til they discovered smoke arising from
the still, when they rushed the place.
They captured three of the smugglers
and 4,400 gallons of wash.—I^ondon
Tlt-Blts.
The Business Instinct.
"Marcus Aurellus suye life Is a
battle and a sojourning tn a strange
land."
"Does he? What business Is Mr, Au-
rellus In?"
All Kinds.
"You ought to go to a show and
forget your thoughts."
"That's right. Maybe I can find a
show tonight that will make me forget
the one 1 saw last night."
Skilful Gold Beating.
The gold beaters of Berlin, at the
Parts exposition, showed gold leaves
so thin that It would require 282,000
to produce the thickness of a single
Inch, yet each leaf Is so perfect and
free from holes as to be impenetrable
by the strongest electric light; If theBe
leaves were bound In book form It
would take 15,000 to fill the space of
ten common book leaves.
Does the Work of the Sun.
Carpet manufacturers In Europe,
who formerly had to send samples of
their product to southern countries to
test their sun-resisting qualities, now
use the mercury-vapor quartz lamp for
that purpose, Its ultraviolet rays hav-
ing even greater power to fade dye-
stuffs than the sun.—Popular Me-
chanics.
His Ides.
Redd—Five years ago United States
factories produced only 100,000 auto-
mobiles.
Greene—And now see how much
money the country gets out of us In
lines!
Too Long to Get It All In Print.
Bishop Shepard, who presided at
the M'^hodlst conference in Wlnfleld.
Kan , la t week, told a story about an
editor. Here It Is; A kind con-
tributor brought In a story telling how
ho had killed a serpent 20 feet long.
The editor took It and put It In the
paper as an Item of Interest. The
next day the man came back and
said, "I brought In this story about
a snake 20 feet long and your Im-
becile paper says a snake five feet
long." "Well." explained the editor,
"we were very much crowded for
space yesterday and we had to cut
everything down."—Kansas City Star.
The Reason.
"Norah, there Ib entirely too much
tang In the taBte of this dish."
"Dear me! I guess I mixed the
recipe by mistake with the tango di-
rections."
If Skillfully Pat •Together They Ar*
In No Way Indigestible—Vege-
tables Should Form Part
of Dish to Be Served.
Meat pies are the best left-over
meat dish possible, if they are well
made. The regulation crust meat pie
might come in for condemnation, on
the same grounds that bring condem-
nation to other crust pies—that the
crust Is Indigestible. But there are
many kinds of meat pie that can be
made without crust.
Lancashire Pie.-- Lancashire pie can
be made from any Bort of left-over
meat, which must be freed from bone
and gristle and chopped line. Put It
In alternate layers with fresh, hot
mashed potato, beaten fairly to a
cream. In a buttered baking dish. Top
the pie with mashed potato and make
little depressions In It with a spoon.
In each of these put a bit of butter.
Bake the pie brown in a moderate
oven. The potato should be very
creamy and the meat should he slight-
ly moistened, either with gravy at
with warm water. Both moat and
potato should be carefully seasoned.
Left-over vegetables can be com-
bined with left-over meat In pies. The
criiBt can bo a layer of mashed po-
tato or a layer of rice, moistened
with milk and mixed with a beaten
egg. Or bread crumbB can be mois-
tened with cream and mixed with an
egg and spread over the pie for crflst.
Biscuit dough can be dropped on the
top of the pie In little biscuits, far
enough apart so that they will be
brown and crusty all around when
done.
If there Is a cupful or tomato left
over, add that to chopped lamb, mut-
ton, chicken, veal or beef for a pie.
If there Is rice It can bo added to left-
over chicken or lamb In the pie. 8weet,
green peppers can be used with lamb
and mutton and beef. Boiled onions
can be chopped and added to the
filling for a meat pie.
A Left-Over Pie,—Here Is a de-
licious pie that combines many left-
overs: Put a layer of chopped cooked
meat In the bottom of a buttered bak-
ing dish and sprinkle It with crumbs.
Then add u layer of spaghetti or
macaroni, In tomato sauce. On top
of this put another layer of meat, then
more crumbs and so on until the dish
is full. Put a final layer of crumbs
on the dish and then pour on enough
gravy or stock to moisten It thorough-
ly. Bake brown In a moderate oven.
The Right Cooking.
It Is the hardening of the nitrogen-
ous substances In meat which makes
cooked meat not as digestible as raw.
For this reason, overcooked meat,
warmed-over meat, and such dishes as
hash and croquettes are not as easily
digested as freshly cooked meat. A
choice piece of steak may be made
tough and dlffioult of digestion by fry-
ing It in a pan of hot greese, while a
tough piece of brisket may bo mads
tender and palatable by slow cooking,
and without greatly reducing Its value.
Meat for soup and beef tea should,
of course, be put down In cold water,
because In this fcase the Juices and fla-
voring matter are to be drawn out.
Corned and smoked beef should also
be put down In cold water. These
principles apply to all meats and not
to beef alone.
Pea Chowder.
A substantial tea dish of peas and
corn Is prepared thus: the first thing
In the morning put a half cupful ol
split peas to souk In cold water. Two
or three hours before tea drain them,
cover with cold water, uddlng a bit
of baking soda half the size of a pea.
and cook slowly until tender, about
two hours or more. Drain and add half
a can of corn, half a cupful of milk,
half a touspoonful of salt and a dash
of pepper. Cover and cook slowly for
half an hour, add one tablespoonful ol
butter and serve at once. The liquid
drained from the peas before the corn
and milk are added may be keyt to
help tn making soup.
Bean Curry.
Soak and parboil one pint of small,
white beans and put them Into a two-
quart bean pot. Fry In batter four
large onions, and when well browned
add a tablespoonful of salt, the same
amount of curry powder, half a tea-
spoonful of dry mustard, a little cay-
enne pepper and one pint of water;
pour over the beans, fill the pot with
boiling water and bake for at least
ten hours In a moderate oven, re-
plenishing tho water If the beans be-
come dry. When done the beans
should have a nice, thick, piquant
gravy about them.—P. Q. A.
Fricasseed Eggs.
Fry a half teaspoonful of minced on-
ion In a tablespoonful of butter In
your frying pan. Stir into this a table-
spoonful of flour and pour upon It a
cupful of soup stock of gravy. Stir
until this blends with the butter and
(lour In a smooth sauce. Have ready
three or four eggs which you have
previously boiled hard, and cut Into
quarters or Into thick slices. Lay
them In the gravy until they are heat-
ed, sprinkle with pepper and salt and
serve with or without toast or cracfc
ers.
Cereal Chocolate Pudding.
Use cocoa or chocolate enough to fla-
vor tho quantity of cold cereal that
you have. Add milk enough to molit-
| en and place over the (Ire. Stir until
thoroughly mixed, add a little vanilla
extract and turn Into small wine-
glasses tu mold. After It is cold re-
move from the molds and place on
sauce dishes, surround with four or
live halved almonds, dates or raisins,
cover lightly with whipped cream an<*
serve very cold.
Current Fashions.
Bllbe—Mrs. Highbrow Is a woman of
remarkable personality.
Hllby—Yes. she displays more per-
sonality than dress, I think.
To Clean New Linoleum.
A mixture of equal parts of salad oil
and vinegar Is the best thing for the
purpose. If very dirty, waBh first with
soap and water. Soda Is bad foi
linoleum, but soap or grease Improve*
the wearing qualities.
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Davis, John E. The Texas Mesquiter. (Mesquite, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 43, Ed. 1 Friday, April 24, 1914, newspaper, April 24, 1914; Mesquite, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth400119/m1/3/?q=war: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Mesquite Public Library.