The Galveston Daily News. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 195, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 5, 1885 Page: 4 of 8
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Ill* GALVESTON DAILY JSEVVS. THURSDAY. NOVEMBER 5, 1885
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Thursday, November 5. 1895.
TWO IDEAS IN ORGANIZATION.
It is difficult to handle an organization
according to the variety of its aims rather
than the number of its members. Any
vngtic or indefinite idea among the member-
ship opirates somewhat like a want of edu-
cation, for it is of the.same nature Where
the general idea of the organization is the
promotion, by influence upon legislation
and such means, of the interests of the
members as a class, the organization which
embraces more than one branch of a busi-
ness is peculiarly liable to prove unsatisfac-
tory to some portion of its membership and
to go to pieces, both from the exigencies of
political combinations and from antago-
nisms and the sacrifice of one interest to
another in the combination. The Nashville
American thinks that the very extent of the
grange organization has neutralized its
force, and remarks:
The next liett thine to a general organization is
i s-j ecial one for the protection of special interests.
The cattle and horse-growers, the hog-growers, the
tobacco growers, the cotton planters, the fruit-
a sf ecial one for the protection of special interesl
1 horse-growers, the hog-growers, ti
*rs, the cotton planters, the fru
jrrowers, and many others, may organize with a
greater certainty of having stability in their orgin-
izaticn. There are too maoy vaiied and conflict-
ing interests in a general organization of farmers.
The body becomes loo unwieldy The number of
itpresentatlves becomes too great, or if a smaller
number is chosen the constituency becomes too
large. With special organizations, much good may
be done in building up a lively interest In the busi-
m ss organized; bet-ides, the tl-ld of discussion is
brought within such limils that practical questions
may be consider* d in detail.
These remarks contain some wisdom, and
suggest a radical distinction between oue
class of organizations and another as to the
purposes in view. The more an organiza-
tion looks to outside help, the more special
must it be to avoid internal jealousy. The
protectionists could not possibly all
agree in their solicitations addressed
to Congress, but a body of
Americans, believing that protectionism
is wrong, could agree in all parts of the
country, in all branches of trade, to ask for
a repeal of protective laws. However, sin-
cerely a protectionist believes in the
utility of protective tariffs there is always
some interest that he must disfavor or op-
press in order to promote the others. Ths
efforts of the manufacturers to get free
jaw materials furnish a case in point, The
producers of the raw materials must work
■with heavily taxed tools, and all the sur-
roundings must be handicapped that they
may produce unprotected raw materials for
the manufacturers. It is a plan of prote t
ing manufactures as specialties. When it
is inaugurated the failure -of protectionism
as a general scheme is confessed. The pur-
pose of getting an advantage by favor leads
to division and strife, and thus dissolves or-
ganizations. The purpose of destroying un-
equal privileges and maintaining equal
rights, is alone fitted to unite and
keep harmonious considerable bodies with a
unitv of aim amid a diversity of interests;
or this may be qualified so far as the organ-
ization recognizes its constructive and edu-
cational function as resting upon its inter-
nal resource, the voluntary adhesion and
intelligent support of its membership. Then
there is no appeal to Ctesar, no contest for
spoils. The ship owners of the wcrld would
be divided, should they attempt to agree, by
the privileges and exclus ons which exist
bylaw. Even within the limits of this
nationality the ship-owners would be di-
vided by the question of mail subsidies,
which are proposed only for certain
steamers. The symmetrical development
of commerce is narrowed by unsymmetrical
stimulation of carrying facilities, a process
which has left vast populations without
harbors or light bouses, while millions of
dollars of government subsidies have been
put into favored railroads. The longest
lobbying.pole knocks the persimmons. The
demoralizing influence has affected labor
and industrial organizations, giving them
an unwholesome penchant for lobbying and
positive regulating and fostering legislative
methods, though clearly they will seldom
have the concentration and the tact and un
scrupulous address to play the lobbying and
legislative parts. The men who seek only
their own rights must attend to their indi-
vidual business. The men who thrive by
lobbying and legislative methods can give
all their time, and are sure to best under-
stand political business, for it is in the line
of their individual business to do so. Organi-
zations to deal with them constructively and
rr r n share naturally become special rings at
the cuner, with a passive surrounding of
members, hopeful but hoping in vain. >Icn
in the mass are hopeful, and expect won-
ders from organization. From hard cx-
peiience they may learn that organization
within narrow limits can accomplish, in-
deed, a modest, solid educational and con-
structive task and a consultative and defen-
sive result in each special line of business;
but that for extensive application to public
nfi'airs it is proper in an honest sense simply
to negative and undo wrong and hold open
the opportunities and conditions for whole-
some growth, just as medicine may purge
the system of peccant humors, but nutrition
and cxercise must create new tissue, bone
and sinew.
SOME QUESTIONS RAISED 11V THE
STRIKE.
As a general rule it is unprofitable to dis-
cuss the moral rights of strikers or employ
ers while acting within their legal rights,
especially when either side or both sides do
not care to make the matter a subject of
general discussion. Action which is arbi-
trary will often appear fair or unfair accord
ingly as a view is taken to include only the
immediate circumstances or to include more
general circumstances. War furnishes the
clearest illustration that much which, taken
by itself, is atrocious, is justifiable to the
minds of the persons engaged. To some
extent the same reasoning prevails in indus-
trial wars and in political battles. As a
rule, too, nothing can be accomplished
by one class preaching to an-
other on social duties; example alone
is a teacher that commands respect
in this regard. Where enlightened self-in-
terest prevails, labor troubles will soonost
he adjusted. Most of the workers believe that
seme things that are, arc not right, but most
of them will be content to strivo for what
seems attainable, and to accept the attain
able, w hether it be the ultimatum of what
tliey think ought to be or not. Most of the
employers will concede something rather
than lose more by any resistance which
the ir judgment may tell them to regard as
I robably unsuccessful or costing more than
it may be worth. It is in bringing a rational
self interest to bear on both sides that trade
disputes are prevented from degenerating
into bitter wars of exhaustive effort. For
society in general what is desirable is to
determine to the satisfaction of belligerents
how a contest would result, and when they
:,ie thus satisfied, to accept that result.
There are one or two points in the
present strike that may bear im-
parl ial comment in this view. The
Trades assembly is a convenience for the
traeies, but it lias no absolute jurisdiction
over separate unions. These are governed
by their charters and rules in accordance
therewith; and the p. inters, for example,
would not take a step which would antag-
onize the genera', laws of the Typographi-
cal union. Some trades can not stop for a
day or two at a momentfs notice without
more serious consequences than others, and
the Typographical union has framed its
rules accordingly. It is not nccessary for
any workers to suppose that the Typo-
graphical union is actuated by other motives
than self interest. The general rules which
govern cessation of labor by members of
that union are part of the considerations
which enable tho union to maintain rela-
tions with employers, and may have oper-
ated, so far as they show regard for the ex-
igencies of the business, to ineluce the bulk
of the employers to work with the union.
It is conceivable that under different rules
employers would liave felt themselves so
unsafe that the union would have been an-
tagonized as incompatible with the conti-
nuity necessary to newspaper business. The
Typographical union strengthens itself by
adopting rules which show consideration
for the nature of the business. There is an-
other principle of some importance for seri-
ous consideration on all sides, and that is,
how far any cause for strikes shall be eleemed
valid except such as originates in the work
of a trade? This is mainly a matter for the
members of unions to elcciele, with reference
to the prospect of good or evil from espous
ing various disputes in other trades aud
sharing in boyco'ting. They may consieler
the probable frequency of strikes from indi-
rect causes, and whether the system will
pay. Lit re it will bo seen that the trades in
which a worker takes or leaves a situation
lightly will be less affected than those where
a stoppage throws out men who are in steady
work and hoping to remain fixed. Certainly
trades differ in this respect, and it is a more
serious matter for skilled labor to risk an iu-
troduclion of non-union labor, increasing
the employer's independence of the trades
union, than it is for unskilled labor to risk
being temporarily thrown out, for the un-
skilled labor can at any time be taken into
a union of the unskilled, aud
the quantity of unskilled labor is
not increased by a changes of men,
but where skilled laborers arc displace 1,
some partially skilled help which takes
their place gradually becomes more skilled.
The skilled workers can not fail therefore
to rellect how far anel on what
grounds tliey allow the unskilled to
draw them into strikes arising1 from
causes extraneous to their particular
trade. The boyc.'t is a form of action
which has at times attracted popular sym-
pathy. This it docs when exercised spe-
cially against something eleemed execrable
by the general public. How far it will
work without the sympathy of a general
public sentiment is an open question. In
the present instance, admitting all the stock
maxims, such ns "all's fair," etc., anel
"nothing succecels like success," there are
considenitions as to ths propel moans of
success and the effect of public opinion
against a strike if public opinion is that it is
unnecessarily widened. Home will see logic
in boycotting the handling of Mallory
freight who will not see any logic in strik-
ing in other businesses not connected with
the freight in question, and it may be
urged that employers who are losing their
help under a general strike have
not the power to affect the Mallory
company's elecision, but that the
strike, thus extended to extraneous in-
dustries, gives the Mallory company the
option of deciding for or against the re-
sumption of business for these very firms
that can not influence the Mallory company.
To some persons this consideration would
dictate that a line should be drawn at the
boycotting of such concerns as can materi-
ally as well as properly influence the deci-
sion of the dispute. This could be argued
from the strikers' standpoint, as it may be
held that any unnecessary interference with
business raises enemies to the cause which
produces the interference. Even in war it
is an extreme measure to destroy the proper-
ty of non-combatants. This is but an
analogy, for in withdrawing their services
the workers deprive no employer of his
rights, but the presumption in civil life is
that when a man quits an employment he
goes to give it up, not to achieve aa ex-
traneous purpose, and as amatter.of calcula-
tion it is to be considered that when one
uses a resignation frr such an extraneous
purpose, the employer is apt to calculate
that his business is not on a safe basis, anel
thus he is apt to seek help from thos': who
will not be disposed to resign for causes
outside of the business. Organized lab ir,
by extreme measures, may get its members
weeded out of various businesses, unlike the
large corporate interests with which tlie
strikers arc primarily dealing.
A CLEVELAND INDORSEMENT.
Tuesday's elections are incidentally an
indorsement of the administration. While
the ndministration took no part in the elec-
tions, the Democrats, especially in New
York, maile it to be understood that a De-
mocratic victory was necessary to put be-
yond question popular approval of Cleve-
land's administration. New York and Vir-
ginia have both recorded Democratic rna-
jorities. It was expected that Virginia
would give a Democratic majority. The
Old Dominion, as well as the
country at large, was sick of Malione anel
the interests he represented, and a complete
repudiation by popular suffrage would not
be surprising. But New York, which was
the other doubtful State in the present con-
test, has spoken with a meaning not to be
mistaken. Two weeks ago, if the election
had occurred, D;'vld U. Hill would probably
have been defeated by a majority of hardly
less than 50,000. Yet to day he is the gov-
ernor-elect of New York by a majority rang-
ing from 15,000 to 30,000. Hill was not an
ideal candidate. He was by no means the
best man the Democrats could have nomi-
nated. But he was nominated, and
Mr. Cleveland gave him a hearty support,
not because Mr. Cleveland was the head of
a Democratic administration, but because
he was a citizen of the state of New York
believing in anel abiding by the principles
anel usages of the Democratic party. While
the administration as such stood aloof,
Cleveland and his administrative policy
was incidentally made an issue. This
was eloubtless a Democratic maneu-
ver, but it reached the popular heart.
The Republican victory in Ohio opened the
eyes of the country. Even Cleveland ad-
mitted that whether he liked it or not, his
friends and his enemies brought him into
the contest, and, with characteristic
directness, he subscribed $1000 to
the Democratic campaign fund in
New York to show where he stood.
Democratic managers in all the state cam-
paigns were not slow about taking up the
cue, and the result is told in our news col-
umns. The Democrats sweep New York
and Mississippi, capture Virginia, and
make such gains in Connecticut, Massa-
chusetts anel Iowa that there is no doubting
that the spirit of Cleveland is abroad in the
land, and that the people are prepared to
heartily sustain him in his administrative
policy.
Tiie president was probably not in favor
of a larger cartwheel when he said last Feb-
i uary that he thought it desirable to main-
tain in circulation themassof silver already
coined. It would be peculiar policy to coin
a larger dollar and at the same time " main-
tain and continue in use * * * the
mass of silver already coined "
If anybody wants a feast of " fraud "
literature lie can get the Ohio and In-
diana papers. They are full of it.
Why are so many assertions made tint
the salary of $8500 is insufficient re-
muneration for a person competent to act
as civil scrvice commissioner? This style
of talk is polite humbug. If scholarship is
wanted, there are plenty of principals of
schools who possess it, and are not paid so
much as the sum named. If practical poli-
tics creates a difficulty elemanding peculiar
eliscrctiou to maintain the reputation of the
cilice, it is a wholesome public opinion
which is needed, and not an attempt to
fence with practical politicians on a tight-
rope. This thing of striking on all irons
to have official salaries raised higher, looks
like the work of a mutual benevolent asso-
ciation ajnong the office seeking coteries of
all parties. But, however much salaries
are raised, the salary is never a guarantco
of efficient scrvice. Good servico comes
from loyalty to duty far more than from an
amount of salary such as makes a battle
for the officcs. If salaries were raised all
round, the same men, generally speaking,
would still be doing the same work.
WniTEJ.aw Reid can spend the winter
in Texus, anel if ho is particularly op-
pressed, The News will extend to him the
professional courtcsy of muzzling its poli-
tical interviewer. Whitclaw, in a purely
political way, can raid the South at will, but
Southern institutions can afford to have
mercy on him.
Cleveland telegraphs congratulations
to Hill. This will probably be the straw to
break the mugwump back.
Tiie German Socialists, driven out of
Switzerland, have transferred their head-
quarters to London. They are reported to
have 3,000,000 adherents in Germany.
Their aim is to print papers in London
anel circulate them in Germany where their
presses would not be allowed to operate.
Prince Bismarck sends Count von Hatz-
fclelt to London because Ilatzfcldt is thor-
oughly acquainted with Socialism anel the
Marx propaganda.
Let no reader miss reading about the
departure of the Chinese from Tacomo,
Washington Territory. It teaches a lesson
and demonstrates a serious state of affairs.
It is but speculation as yet which fore-
shadows the national administration as
favoring a cessation of debt payment. There
is a sort of business idea in the reasoning
that as the interest upon the public debt is
but half the ordinary rate of interest there
would .be no economy in diminishing
the debt. But if that view is adopted there
ought to be a very great reduction in tax-
ation. And it would come as a novelty
and somewhat of a surprise to the country
to hear from Democrats an avowal of a pol-
icy, the logic of which is a perpetual debt.
Many citizens would doubtless feel ad-
ditional concern to hear such an avowal
from administrative officers, since it is clear
that, whatever the business reasons for such
a policy, there has been no hint of it in any
instructions from the party. The Demo-
cratic party has steadily professed a desire
to sec the debt reduced.
Mahone! Senel your tears carefully cm-
lalmed to John S. Wise, Richmond, Va.
It looks as if the Spaniards had a first-
class row on their hands without even a pass-
ing mention cf Don Carlos or the Caroline
islands. There is hope for Spain, how-
ever. Castelar is abroad in the laud with
liberty of speech.
Donations cf tears and sympathy for the
Hon. Wm. Maxwell Evartscan be addressed
care of Union League club, New York.
The little organs are yet pummeling
Temple Houston with their little stuffed
clubs. This is a sure sign that IIou9ton
struck a bull's eye when he pulled his bow.
Perhaps if they keep on tliey might inducc-
Houston to take another shot.
In Kansas City tne local census commis-
sioner found among the names rendered to
him that of a man he knew to be dead. An
investigator was sent to his former resi-
dence and the query was propounded to his
wife if her husband was not dead. " Yes,"
she said, " he died almost a year ago, but
all my interests are at stake in Kansas City
and I gave you his name to swell the popu-
lation."
Ik Carl Scliurz should get control of the
Boston Post, both Massachusetts and New
York would be sure of a mugwump pillar.
The Washington Star says: "If presi-
dent Cleveland had as many arms as a
Hindu god he could not cope with the mob
of sight-seers anel patronage brokers which
pour into the White house, or would pour
into it if all restraints were removed. The
line must be more and more sharply elrawn,
not in a spirit of exclusiveness, as the un-
thinking may claim, but in defense of the
public interests.
If Blaine only spelled his name witli a
P, instead of B, it might be said that while
the mugwumps could wander over the
Plaine, they coulel not roll their hobby over
the Hill. ________
TnERE is a kind of a cheering ring to the
war news from Bulgaria and Servia this
morning. It sounds more spirited, more
natural, more like the kind of talk we hear
on this side of the water when we mean
business. Bulgaria anel Servia have been
giving each other a most stupendous kind
of a bluff game for the past few weeks.
They have about worn each other's lips out
grinning at each other. They pretended to
want to fight, yet were afraid to fight. It
looks now as if the situation made fighting
incumbent on them.
Loci an and Sherman of course are enti-
tled to the sympathy of foemen who fought
and lost, but it shoulel be understood that it
is more difficult to hold up the public than
a party caucus.
If Governor Ireland is elected to ths
United States Senate, the Washington cor-
respondents could afford to set up a cham-
pagne supper for the Twentieth Texas legis-
lature. A champagne supper would cost
something, but the corresponelents could
take it out in fun.
King Alionso is scrofulous and con-
sumptive. He is now 28, and it is gener-
ally expected in Spain that he will not live
a great while longer. Carlists and Repub-
licans are counting upon a scrimmage when
Alfonso elies, if not sooner.
Tammany has largely atoned for past
shortcomings this trip, aud no doubt about
it.
Tiie News corresponelent at New York
telegraphs: It can lie taken for granted
that Ira Davenport will not be the next
Republican candidate for president.
Tiie servile comment of a leading Repub
lican paper of the Northwest, on the story
that Grant said he would have hanged
Tilden had the latter been sworn in as presi-
dent, is that "as General Grant generally
meant what he said, it is well both for Sir.
Tilden and the country at large that the at-
tempt was not made." Not a word about
the enormity of a dictatorship. An element
of the Republican party has been ready to
welcome usurpation any time during the
past twenty-two years. The very leaders
who admit that Tilden was elected would
have sanctioned murder to keep him out.
Mr. Doiiman B. Eaton and .Mr. Leroy
D. Tlioman are now private-citizens. Either
or both can cut a huge swell in private life
without offending their fellow citizens. In
public station both have been failures.
Eaton is a well meaning enthusiast, and
Thoman was appointed on the civil-service
commission by Arthur, because the law
called for minority representation on the
commission, but it was to the interest of
the Republicans that a dull Democrat
should be placed against two smart Repub-
licans. Gregory now holds the post for
theoretic reform against the spoilsmen, but
he has one backer more powerful, more
sincere and moro practical than all the civil-
servicc reform professionals in the country
put together. The name of this person is
Grovcr Cleveland.
A telegram has mentioned an order said
to be given by the Austrian goverpment to
railroad managers for 2000 wagons to be in
readiness. The kind of wagon a railroad
company runs on its rails is called in the
United States a car, but on the continent of
Europe it is called a wagon.
It is reported in our news dispatches this
morning that the government has accepted
the Dolphin. It is not stated on what
grounds. Of course it is reasonable to as-
sume that the Dolphin is worth something,
and the difference betweon what Iioach de-
manded for the vessel and what he finally
accepts for her, may denote the economical
difference between a Democratic and a Re-
publican administration.
The New York Times and the Brooklyn
Union are two papers, both daily. This
fact does not prevent an occasional identity
of argument and expression, the dual
origin of which is scarcely "within the
range of probability."
Only two years ago Iowa turned out a
Republican majority averaging 50,000. Now
the leading Republican organ of the State
works like a beggar to show up 5000 Repub-
lican plurality. Keally it begins to look as
if the alleged grand old party were going to
the elcmnition bow-wows by a lightning ex-
press. Anyway, it will strike the average
Texan that Iowa and Texas are not so pre-
posteriously unlike after all.
What availeth the bloody-shirt triumph
in Ohio, since Mahone is repudiated aud
sat down upon in Virginia?
HTATB PHKfeB.
What (he Interior Papers Bay.
A sigh ccmes from Brother Yandell, now
editor of the San Angelo Enterprise, formerly
of the Higuin Times. When "fish hungry"
he used to run down from Brgain to Galveston
and fill up, but be bas grown despondent on
the fresh water fijh of the Concho and refuses
to be comforted on the promise that when the
railroad readies San Angelo he can have fresh
fish from salt water on call. He asks;
" Aje, but will they come when (he) does
call fcr them!" The black bas* of the O.in-
ch o is the equal of tne pompano and Spanish
mackerel, but the enterprising people of Han
Angelo keep a newspaper man so busy that he
bas no time to follow the example of the
A postle Peter and go a fishing.
Ntver mind. If the fleh will not come at
your call, like John Howard Fame's birds in
the song of Home, neither need you go for
them. Remember, the leading journalist of
his day, Dr. Franklin, said a silver book was
beet for fishing. You need not first catch
your fleb, like the hare in tbe cookery book,
but follow the rule that a division of labor is
best, and be content to eat what others cap-
ture. To catch fi>h is a cruel sport. To eat
them on Fridays and during Lrat is a re-
ligious duty. The apostles gave up fishing for
the scaly denizens of the deep when they be-
came "fishersof men."
The Decatur Post makes a remark that may
be of use to a large number of men who think
of coming to Texas, not to grow up with the
country, but with all their full blown honors
ready to bear fruit:
When a lawyer, doctor, nreacher, politician
or any one else starts out from Tennessee, Mis-
sissippi, or any of the rest of the old States,
and comes to Texas for the purpose of getting
unto themselves some good reputation on a
cheap scale, on tbe theory that Texas ia not
already heeled with tbe very best of talent in
all these departments, generally, it not al-
ways, goes back satisfied that they cat off a
bigger slice than they can chew.
This class of disappointed immigrants has
been numerous ever sinoe the days of the re-
public of Texas. There always has been about
as much professional and intellectual ability
in Texas, according to population, as any-
where else, and the professional man who sac
ceeds here must do so on efforts made on the
ground and not on his past reputation.
The Pilot Point Post and Decatur Tribune
have called down upon their heads the cen-
sures of the Chico Baptist church for having
protested against a proposed controversy be-
tween preachers of the Baptist, Pedo-Baptist
and Christian (Campbellite) churches. " He
that meddleth In a quarrel," eto.
Tbe Tribune's troubles do not end here. It
bas beeB informed that when the oounty alli-
ance was in session last week a resolution was
offered denouncing the Tribune, and resolving
not to trade with any merchant who would
advertise in it. The boycottid& proposition
was voted down. The Tribune says:
Milburn did not get the chance to have a dis
oussion here because the Baptists would not
permit the use of their house of worship, but
be went to Ptiradise and inaugurated a discus-
sion which terminated in a disgraceful scene
and now vituperation and abuse is the order
of the day—and Rev. Mr. Raz^r is involved in
a criminal suit, as a result.
Tbe Decatur Post says:
Th e. Dallas Morning News, the first born
of The Galveston News, is now ia order to
keep up with and, if possible, get ahead of the
procession, running a train of its own from
Dallas to Fort Worth. Wonder if some big
newspaper c<>: cern won't build and oparate a
railway in its own interest?
The Eje was out last week. It tells how and
why it was so by saying the editor was absent
erd the devil had worked himself down get-
ting ont the Issue of the previous week. The
Eye makes light of the failure, but duns delin-
quent subscribers as vigorously a3 if it had
done its part in full.
The proof reader of the Denison Herald-
News must have taken the dengue or holiday.
Tbe tj pes make birn say:
Some t ewspspers by way of fd'itig a vacuum
in thiir editorial columns, draw greatly oil
tfceir indignation for piling ud matter ia their
editorial columns. So it seems to have baeu
in the fo called congressional fool, by which as
it was said, "you tickle me and 1 will tickle
yen."
Obviously, " indignation" has usurped the
place of imagination and " congressional fool"
that of congressional pool. The man who
prints that way need not expect a postoillce.
Fort Worth is now the hub, The Gazettn
says:
The fussing and the fuming of the Dallas
newspapers about which of them shall reash
Fort W orth first, serves only to convince the
public that to reach the people one must stark
from Foit Worth.
AGRICULTURAL TENURES.
KOiME OBJECTIONS TO STATS LINDLORD*
1NH.
IVrfrct Honesty In Oilkial Administration a
Large Assumption—A Device for Munici-
palities to Squeeze Out Non-Occu-
piers' Titles.
ITo The Newa.l
Buntersville, Ala., October 25, 1885.—
They who are speculating on a change from
titles in fee simple to leases from government,
In tbe tenure of the soil, have free scope in the
region of ideas. It costs them nothing to sup-
pose an honest government and impartial land
agents who shall execute their theoretical
conceptions faithfully. We may fairly infer
that they have put the best foot foremost, and
made the statements they believe most con-
genial either to our common sense of justice,
or to the interest of actual farmers. For the
sake of meeting these innovators on a possi-
ble common gronnd, 1 will allow with Mr.
Riley, In Trnth (San Francisco), "the assump-
tion that the government has ceased to be a
tool of the usurers—has ceased to pay inter-
est, abolished all sinecure offices, au I that its
work is wholly for the good of the people."
Only I must ask, who is to be judge of this
goodness? And for what part of the people £
Without imputing sinister intentions to tbe
new school of land reformers, I propose to
(bow tbe unequal bearing and the dangerous
fallacies of tbe tennre by state or government
lease, for which high taxation is the entering
wedge; a new sort of protective tariff.
Yonr Prohibitionist, following the lead
of Henry George, would evade the odium oC
running full tilt against what this school
esteemB the conventional prejudice of personal
ownership, and evades expropriation by the
state power in appealing to another conven-
tlfnal prejudice In favor of taxation. Lesj
concerned than H. G., with providing ampla
revenues for the State, bis aim seems to ba
limited to the prevention of
by re ndering it a too costly luxury. Admit-
limited to the prevention of land monopoly
by rendering it a too costly luxury. Admlt-
tingtytbat a tax of 10 per cent, on uncultivated
lands would prevent private owners from play-
ing dog in tbe manger, what security would
there be against public owners, the govern-
ment land board, consulting other interests
than tbe settler's? What security against
spurious occupation by the retainers of a land-
lord, cr tbe real and profitable occupation of
tbe best soil without restriction of acres, other
than tbe capacity to hire labor?
Aiming simply at probibition without re-
gnid to revenue, a tax of 10 per cent, is ra-
tional, but leBS than half would answer that!
purpose for farmirg lands, unless in orange
grovcB or market gardens in some privileged
location; but how are the prices on which the
taxes are to be levied got at? Appraisals at
discretion of the tax assessor? What propor-
tion of farms does Prohibitionist suppose yield
5 per cent, upon their market value of soil,
alter paying their cultivators the average
wages of mechanics? I know of very few
fatms that come up to this mark, otherwise
than by the exploitation of hirelings at 50
cents per diem, or half as much with board.
Tbe common run of farmers, ignorant and
with little or no capital, barely make a living
by hard woik, and tbey could not do tint it
tbe nature of their capital, the soil, did
not render their necessary expenditure next to
notbn g Around me are laborious and
healthy families, owning thefr farms, plowing
with two or three teams, and who depend on
the sale of their only luxuries—butter and
eggs—foh their shoes, the only clothing, near-
ly, that they buy. Five per cent, would beg-
gar tbem. And this 5 per cent, to be added t3
the plunder of political quacks called the
government! Ye gods and little fishes, what
philanthropy! But lest tbe ungrateful chill
of Ceres should murmer a desire to be saved
firm his friends, be is graciously permitted,
in detachment from the glebe's " unearaed in-
crement," to carry, like the snail, Ills bouse
upen his back. The tax that takes the soil
from under him, respects his improvements
inipartially with the millionaire's palaces and
winter gardens; these are all sacred as tbe
picductsof labor and tax-free all the same,
though the laborer tbat created them lies un-
der the sod. This, we presume, is adding
science to sentiment and rational conviction
Such catholicity is justly re-
■ - ndlo •
warded by theBuffrBges of landlords as well
as tenants, tbe magnates of capital, and gov-
ernment cordially extends the hand to the
scientists of social reform, George the Fiftb
and bis disciples.
Tbe contemplation of certain iniquities is
vertiginous; It has the fascination of theabyss,
and the horrified beholder plunges into them.
It Is dangerous to pity tramos too much, for
here is a pity tbat blossoms into love and en-
genders a scheme for multiplying the species
in eniestion.
Now, a government managed in the interest
of labor bas no need to whip the devil round
the Btump with rents or taxes, it has simply
to decree that no title of proprietorship be-
yond a given area shall hold, and that the pa
siticn of hireling dependency Bhall invalidate
titles. Within the given area, varying wltt
local expediences, it may he feasible to fix t
minlmnm exempt from all taxes and all debts
a real premium without subsidy, on agricultu-
ral pursuits. This old fa hioned land reform
irscrlbes on its banner " the inalienable home
stead." leaving the individual free to merge
bis title during life in a collective or corpora'
tive ownership, but not to alienate it from hi)
family or legal heirs. The old school of lani
reform and the new school may agree upon the
principle of limiting tbe areas held, whethet
in fee simple or In lease, of discountenancing
speculation In land, and of requiring actum
settlement and improvement.
Prohibliionist's anathema mara of tbe " vllt
tariff" does bim credit, but it is just snct
filthy lucre tbat all the governments, from
Uncle Bam down to tbe city council, are after,
but few municipalities even raising monej
encugh to keep them clean; these sorely need at
they can raise by taxation for tbeir local usei.
The increment of market values unearnel
by the Individual holder, and accruing either
npon aggregation of inhabitants, constructioi
of roads or canals, opening of channels, etc.,
is a fair subject for taxation by those wh>
have contributed to this increment, either d.-
rectly or indirectly, and their descendants
but no general government has tbe shadow ef
a right to interfere between a New Yorker
and New York, a Pbiladelphian and Philadel-
phia.
Galveston, by taxing her lot-holders out of
the rise in value ot tbeir ground lots, migtt
provide herself with a deep-water chauue.
Alt her citizens would not be equally banefltel
by this; yet no one would be deprived of hit
rights. The case would be very different i?
the state of Ttxas should collect such a tat
for general uses, and the wrong be still nrim
flagrant, if tbe United States appropriated il
to its federal uses. Justice, no more than lit>
erty, can dispense with topographic li nitu
tioiis, and a principle of action which, wittait
b township or autonomic district, is a social
tinth, becomes a soeial lie by extension ot
aria. Hence the fallacy of spreadeaglaism it
all economic departments.
While admitting tbe relative justice and ex-
pediency of municipal or autonomic tixatloi
cn tbe basis cf unearned increments, we d«
not pretend that it would operate otherwisa
than as confiscation and we do not advocate
it because while elistressing to recent pur-
t bsters and not reaching many or moss o!
those who have profited by the rise in valuei
to eell, it is n partial measure and leaves opat
ether avenues to tlie accumulation of oppres-
sive power, equally unjust. An autonomy
robust enough in civic virtue to deal success-
fully with one fact of this class, cau as well
giouptbem all under oue head by a gradu-
ated income tax. Edgeworth.
a hitherto unknown portrait of Shake,
sjenre bas just betu discovered in a shop near
tte Hoymarket, in London It had been for
many years in tbe possession of a family at
Vaddinglon, by tbe lost of whom it was be-
queathed to tbe present owner. At tbe back
of the panel on »bich it is painted av» several
explanatory couplet*, dated nearly 150 yeara
ago. The portrait has been photographed.
A.
r
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The Galveston Daily News. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 195, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 5, 1885, newspaper, November 5, 1885; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth461170/m1/4/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.